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Django_Basics_Interview_QA (1)

Django is a high-level Python web framework that utilizes the MVT architecture for rapid development of secure and scalable web applications. Key features include built-in authentication, ORM for database interaction, an auto-generated admin panel, and robust security measures. The document also outlines the project structure, request handling, and various components such as models, migrations, and middleware.

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5 views

Django_Basics_Interview_QA (1)

Django is a high-level Python web framework that utilizes the MVT architecture for rapid development of secure and scalable web applications. Key features include built-in authentication, ORM for database interaction, an auto-generated admin panel, and robust security measures. The document also outlines the project structure, request handling, and various components such as models, migrations, and middleware.

Uploaded by

wankhedeanand19
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. What is Django?

Answer: Django is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid


development and clean, pragmatic design. It follows the MVT (Model-View-Template)
architecture and helps developers build secure, scalable, and maintainable web
applications efficiently.

2. What are the key features of Django?

Answer:

 MVT Architecture: Separates business logic from presentation.


 Built-in Authentication: User authentication and authorization system.
 ORM (Object-Relational Mapping): Interacts with the database using Python
classes.
 Admin Panel: Auto-generated backend interface for managing models.
 Middleware Support: Processes requests before they reach the view.
 Security: Protects against SQL Injection, XSS, and CSRF attacks.
 Scalability: Can handle high traffic with proper optimizations.

3. Explain the Django project structure.

Answer: When you create a Django project, you get the following structure:

myproject/
manage.py # Command-line utility for Django
myproject/ # Main project directory
__init__.py # Marks directory as a Python package
settings.py # Configuration settings
urls.py # URL routing
wsgi.py # Entry point for WSGI servers
app_name/ # Django app (created separately)
models.py # Database models
views.py # View functions or class-based views
urls.py # App-specific URLs
templates/ # HTML templates
static/ # Static files (CSS, JS, images)

4. What is MVT (Model-View-Template) in Django?

Answer: MVT is Django's software architecture pattern:

 Model: Defines the database structure (tables and relationships).


 View: Handles business logic and returns HTTP responses.
 Template: Handles presentation and user interface.
5. How does Django handle requests?

Answer: Django processes requests in the following way:

1. User makes a request (e.g., https://example.com/home)


2. Django's URL dispatcher (urls.py) matches the request to a view function.
3. The view processes the request and interacts with the model (database) if needed.
4. The view returns a response, often rendered using a template.
5. The response is sent to the user's browser.

6. What is the role of manage.py in Django?

Answer: manage.py is a command-line utility that allows you to interact with your
Django project. Common commands include:

 python manage.py runserver → Starts the development server.


 python manage.py migrate → Applies database migrations.
 python manage.py createsuperuser → Creates an admin user.
 python manage.py shell → Opens an interactive shell.

7. What is the purpose of settings.py?

Answer: settings.py contains the configuration for the Django project, including:

 Database settings (DATABASES)


 Installed apps (INSTALLED_APPS)
 Middleware (MIDDLEWARE)
 Static and media file settings (STATIC_URL, MEDIA_URL)
 Security settings (SECRET_KEY, DEBUG, ALLOWED_HOSTS)

8. What is urls.py used for in Django?

Answer: urls.py defines URL patterns that map URLs to specific views. Example:

from django.urls import path


from . import views

urlpatterns = [
path('', views.home, name='home'),
path('about/', views.about, name='about'),
]

This maps the / (root) URL to home view and /about/ to about view.

9. What are Django models?

Answer: Django models define database tables using Python classes. Example:
from django.db import models

class Product(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2)

Django automatically creates SQL tables based on models.

10. How to create and apply migrations in Django?

Answer: Migrations track changes in the database schema.

 Create migrations: python manage.py makemigrations


 Apply migrations: python manage.py migrate

11. What is Django ORM?

Answer: Django ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) allows interaction with the database
using Python instead of SQL. Example:

# Query all products


products = Product.objects.all()

# Filter products by price


cheap_products = Product.objects.filter(price__lt=500)

12. What is the difference between GET and POST methods in Django?

Answer:

 GET: Used to retrieve data, parameters appear in the URL (request.GET).


 POST: Used to send data securely (e.g., form submissions) (request.POST).

13. What is Django Admin, and how to use it?

Answer: Django Admin is an auto-generated backend interface.

 Enable admin: Add django.contrib.admin to INSTALLED_APPS.


 Create a superuser: python manage.py createsuperuser
 Register models in admin.py:

from django.contrib import admin


from .models import Product

admin.site.register(Product)

14. How do you render an HTML template in Django?

Answer: Use render() function in a view:


from django.shortcuts import render

def home(request):
return render(request, 'home.html', {'title': 'Home Page'})

This renders home.html with a title variable.

15. How do you serve static files in Django?

Answer:

1. Define static settings in settings.py:

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [BASE_DIR / "static"]

2. Use {% load static %} in templates:

{% load static %}
<img src="{% static 'images/logo.png' %}" alt="Logo">

16. What is csrf_token in Django?

Answer: CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery) token is used to protect forms from attacks.
Example:

<form method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<input type="text" name="name">
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>

Django rejects POST requests without a CSRF token.

17. What is Django middleware?

Answer: Middleware processes requests before they reach views.

 Example: AuthenticationMiddleware, SecurityMiddleware.


 Custom middleware example:

class CustomMiddleware:
def __init__(self, get_response):
self.get_response = get_response

def __call__(self, request):


response = self.get_response(request)
return response
18. What is the difference between ForeignKey, OneToOneField, and ManyToManyField?

Answer:

 ForeignKey → Many-to-One relationship (e.g., multiple students belong to one


class).
 OneToOneField → One-to-One relationship (e.g., one user has one profile).
 ManyToManyField → Many-to-Many relationship (e.g., multiple students enrolled
in multiple courses).

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