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Lecture 3 RC Tanks

The document discusses the design and structural considerations for reinforced concrete rectangular tanks, including their use cases, internal forces, and reinforcement details. It differentiates between deep and shallow tanks, outlining the moments and forces acting on the walls in various configurations. Additionally, it provides guidelines for reinforcement to ensure structural integrity under hydrostatic pressure and other stresses.

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Abdulaziz Badi
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5 views

Lecture 3 RC Tanks

The document discusses the design and structural considerations for reinforced concrete rectangular tanks, including their use cases, internal forces, and reinforcement details. It differentiates between deep and shallow tanks, outlining the moments and forces acting on the walls in various configurations. Additionally, it provides guidelines for reinforcement to ensure structural integrity under hydrostatic pressure and other stresses.

Uploaded by

Abdulaziz Badi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Reinforced Concrete Tanks (RC 4)

Lecture 3

Rectangular Tanks
PROF. DR. Abdulmalek AL-Jolahy
Rectangular Tanks
 Rectangular tanks are used when the storage capacity is small and circular
tanks prove uneconomical for small capacity. They are also used where
partitions or tanks with more than one cell are needed.
 Rectangular tanks should be preferably square in plan from point of view of
economy. It is also desirable that longer side should not be greater than twice
the smaller side. The moments are caused in two directions of the wall, i.e.,
both in horizontal as well as in vertical direction.
 When the height is large in comparison to its length, the moments will be in
the horizontal direction and panel bends as a thin slab supported on edges.
When the length of the wall is more in comparison to its height, the moments
will be mainly in the vertical direction, i.e., the panel bends as vertical
cantilever. For intermediate condition bending takes place both in horizontal
and vertical direction.
Rectangular Tanks

Medium tanks
Rectangular Tanks
In addition to the moments, the walls are also subjected to direct pull exerted by
water pressure on some portion of walls. The walls are designed both for direct
tension and bending moment.
Deep Tanks (Horizontal Action):
 A tank will be considered a deep tank if
𝐻 𝐻
& >2
𝑙1 𝑙2
 Walls mainly resist water pressure
horizontally by closed frame action.
 The effect of the fixation of the wall to the
floor will be limited to a small part at the base
of the wall.
Internal forces in a deep tank:
A) Square section:
For a uniformly distributed horizontal
pressure:
- B.M at the middle of each side:
𝑃𝑢∗𝑙 2
Mm=
24
- B.M at any of the corners:
𝑃𝑢∗𝑙 2
Mc=
12
𝑃𝑢∗𝑙
- Tensile force in each wall: 𝑇 =
2
Internal forces in a deep tank: (Follow)
B) Rectangular section:
To determine the connection moment (Mc) in the
corner, use three moment equation:
𝑃𝑢 𝑙 3 1 𝑃𝑢 𝑙 3 2
𝑀𝑐𝐿1 + 2𝑀𝑐 𝐿1 + 𝐿2 + 𝑀𝑐𝐿2 = −6( + )
24 24
−𝑃𝑢 𝐿3 1+𝐿3 2
Then: Mc= ∗
12 𝐿1+𝐿2

The positive bending moment will be:


𝑃𝑢∗𝑙 2 1
Mm1= + 𝑀𝑐
8
𝑃𝑢∗𝑙 2 2
Mm1= + 𝑀𝑐
8
Notes:
 For deep tanks a trapezoidal vertical section is convenient.
 Pu shall be calculated at 3/4H in case of walls fixed/hinged to the floor slab (Pu = 0.75 Pu
max) and at H for tanks with sliding base (Pu max).
 Use vertical secondary reinforcements of Asmin = 0.2As (main reinforcements) or as given
by ACI 350-06 (Table 7.12.2.1) which is larger to fix the main RFT in position and to resist
shrinkage and temperature stresses.
 In case of walls fixed to the floor slab, the fixing moment at the foot of
−𝑃𝑢 𝑚𝑎𝑥∗𝐿2 𝑖
the wall is: Mf=
24
 The correspond reaction is R= 0.3 Pumax*Li (tension in the floor).
It is generally sufficient to arrange vertical RFT of the same order as
that used horizontally.
Reinforcement Details:
Shallow Tanks (Vertical Action)
Shallow tank are tanks with walls that resist hydrostatic pressure
in the vertical direction, Li/H > 𝟐.
A) Cantilever walls: (L> 4H)
𝑤𝑢∗𝐻 3
M (vertical)= , (at the base)
6
𝑤𝑢∗𝐻 2
R= (tension in floor)
2
Suitable for H< 3m.
At the horizontal direction:
𝑤𝑢∗𝐻 3 Note: for L≤4H (slab supported in three sides) use
M (horizontal)= , (at top of vertical edge) table page 243 of Hillal text book.
8
𝑤𝑢∗𝐻 2
R0= (associated reaction/tension in cross wall)
4
Shallow Tanks
B) walls simply supported at top and fixed at
the bottom:
- Suitable for H< 4.5m
At the vertical direction (wall of constant thickness):
Top support: R1= 0.1*w*H2 & M=0
𝑊𝑢∗𝐻 3
Bottom support: R2= 0.4*w*H2 & M=
15
𝑊𝑢∗𝐻 3
Positive moment: M= at 0.45H from the top.
33.5
At the horizontal direction:
𝑊𝑢∗𝐻 3
M (horizontal)= , (at mid height)
27
R0= 0.27*w*H2 (tension in cross wall)
Shallow Tanks
C) Walls fixed at the top and bottom:
At the vertical direction (wall of constant thickness):
𝑊𝑢∗𝐻 3
Top support: R1= 0.15*w*H2 & Mf1= 30
𝑊𝑢∗𝐻 3
Bottom support: R2= 0.35*w*H2 & Mf2= 20
𝑊𝑢∗𝐻 3
Positive moment: Mm= 46.6 at 0.55H from the top.

At the horizontal direction:


𝑤𝑢∗𝐻 3
M (horizontal)= , (at 0.4H from the base of the
33.8
wall)
R0= 0.25*w*H2 (tension in cross wall)
Shallow Tanks
Cantilever Walls simply supp. at top Walls fixed at the top and
and fixed at the bottom bottom

Bending Moments

Reactions
Notes:
1- Provide horizontal RFT at least of As= 0.2 of the main vertical steel or as given
by ACI 350-06 (Table 7.12.2.1) which is larger to:
a) Fix vertical steel. (construction purpose).
b) Resist shrinkage and temperature stresses.
c) Resist stresses due to reaction of cross wall.

2- It is generally sufficient to provide corner reinforcements


of the same order as the max used vertically.

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