Microsoft Word

Microsoft Word is a word processing program developed by Microsoft. It was first released on
October 25, 1983,[13] under the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix systems.[14][15][16] Subsequent
versions were later written for several other platforms including: IBM PCs running DOS (1983), Apple
Macintosh running the Classic Mac OS (1985), AT&T UNIX PC (1985), Atari ST (1988), OS/2 (1989),
Microsoft Windows (1989), SCO Unix (1990), Handheld PC (1996), Pocket PC (2000), macOS (2001),
Web browsers (2010), iOS (2014), and Android (2015).

Microsoft Word has been the de facto standard word processing software since the 1990s when it
eclipsed WordPerfect.[17] Commercial versions of Word are licensed as a standalone product or as a
component of Microsoft Office, which can be purchased with a perpetual license, or as part of the
Microsoft 365 suite as a subscription.

History

Microsoft Word 1.0 for DOS (1983)

In 1981, Microsoft hired Charles Simonyi, the primary developer of Bravo, the first GUI word
processor, which was developed at Xerox PARC.[18] Simonyi started work on a word processor
called Multi-Tool Word and soon hired Richard Brodie, a former Xerox intern, who became the
primary software engineer.[18][19][20]

Microsoft announced Multi-Tool Word for Xenix[18] and MS-DOS in 1983.[21] Its name was soon
simplified to Microsoft Word.[14] Free demonstration copies of the application were bundled with the
November 1983 issue of PC World, making it the first to be distributed on-disk with a
magazine.[14][22] That year Microsoft demonstrated Word running on Windows.[23]

Unlike most MS-DOS programs at the time, Microsoft Word was designed to be used with a
mouse.[21] Advertisements depicted the Microsoft Mouse and described Word as a WYSIWYG,
windowed word processor with the ability to undo and display bold, italic, and underlined text,[24]
although it could not render fonts.[14] It was not initially popular, since its user interface was
different from the leading word processor at the
Microsoft Word
time, WordStar.[25] However, Microsoft steadily
improved the product, releasing versions 2.0
through 5.0 over the next six years. In 1985,
Microsoft ported Word to the classic Mac OS
(known as Macintosh System Software at the
time). This was made easier by Word for DOS
having been designed for use with high-resolution
displays and laser printers, even though none
were yet available to the general public.[26] It was
also notable for its very fast cut-and-paste
function and unlimited number of undo
operations, which are due to its usage of the
piece table data structure.[27] Microsoft Office 365 version of Microsoft
Word, with the new redesign applied
Following the precedents of LisaWrite and
Other names Multi-Tool Word
MacWrite, Word for Mac OS added true WYSIWYG
features. It fulfilled a need for a word processor Developer(s) Microsoft
that was more capable than MacWrite.[28] After
Initial release October 25, 1983
its release, Word for Mac OS's sales were higher
than its MS-DOS counterpart for at least four Stable release(s)

years.[18]
Latest versions (365 and Office) [show]

The second release of Word for Mac OS, shipped

Latest versions (standalone app) [show]
in 1987, was named Word 3.0 to synchronize its
version number with Word for DOS; this was Written in C++ (back-end),[11]
Microsoft's first attempt to synchronize version Objective-C (API/UI
numbers across platforms. Word 3.0 included on Mac)[11]

numerous internal enhancements and new

Operating system Microsoft
features, including the first implementation of the Windows,[12] macOS,
Rich Text Format (RTF) specification, but was Android, iOS (current
plagued with bugs. Within a few months, Word versions)
3.0 was superseded by a more stable Word 3.01,
Platform IA-32, x86-64, Arm,
which was mailed free to all registered users of
Arm64
3.0.[26] After MacWrite Pro was discontinued in
the mid-1990s, Word for Mac OS never had any Predecessor Multi-Tool Word or
serious rivals. Word 5.1 for Mac OS, released in WordPad
1992, was a very popular word processor owing Type Word processor
to its elegance, relative ease of use, and feature
License Trialware
set. Many users say it is the best version of Word
for Mac OS ever created.[26][29] Website microsoft.com/en-us
/microsoft-365/word
In 1986, an agreement between Atari and (http://microsoft.co
[30]
Microsoft brought Word to the Atari ST under m/en-us/microsoft-3
the name Microsoft Write. The Atari ST version 65/word)
was a port of Word 1.05 for the Mac OS[31][32] and
was never updated.

The first version of Word for Windows was released in 1989. With the release of Windows 3.0 the
following year, sales began to pick up and Microsoft soon became the market leader for word
processors for IBM PC-compatible computers.[18] In 1991, Microsoft capitalized on Word for
Windows' increasing popularity by releasing a version of Word for DOS, version 5.5, that replaced its
unique user interface with an interface similar to a Windows application.[33][34] When Microsoft
became aware of the Year 2000 problem, it made Microsoft Word 5.5 for DOS available for free
downloads. As of February 2021, it is still available for download from Microsoft's website.[35] In
1991, Microsoft embarked on a project code-named Pyramid to completely rewrite Microsoft Word
from the ground up. Both the Windows and Mac OS versions would start from the same code base.
It was abandoned when it was determined that it would take the development team too long to
rewrite and then catch up with all the new capabilities that could have been added at the same time
without a rewrite. Instead, the next versions of Word for Windows and Mac OS, dubbed version 6.0,
both started from the code base of Word for Windows 2.0.[29]

With the release of Word 6.0 in 1993, Microsoft again attempted to synchronize the version
numbers and coordinate product naming across platforms, this time across DOS, Mac OS, and
Windows (this was the last version of Word for DOS). It introduced AutoCorrect, which automatically
fixed certain typing errors, and AutoFormat, which could reformat many parts of a document at
once. While the Windows version received favorable reviews (e.g., from InfoWorld[36]), the Mac OS
version was widely derided. Many accused it of being slow, clumsy, and memory intensive, and its
user interface differed significantly from Word 5.1.[29] In response to user requests, Microsoft
offered Word 5 again, after it had been discontinued.[37] Subsequent versions of Word for macOS
are no longer direct ports of Word for Windows, instead featuring a mixture of ported code and
native code.
File formats

Filename extensions Native file formats

Microsoft Word's native file formats are denoted DOC Legacy Word
document
either by a .doc or .docx filename extension.
DOT Legacy Word
Although the .doc extension has been used in
templates
many different versions of Word, it actually
encompasses four distinct file formats: WBK Legacy Word
document backup
1. Word for DOS
DOCX XML Word document
2. Word for Windows 1 and 2; Word 3 and 4 for
Mac OS DOCM XML Word macro-
enabled document
3. Word 6 and Word 95 for Windows; Word 6 for
Mac OS DOTX XML Word template

4. Word 97 and later for Windows; Word 98 and DOTM XML Word macro-
later for Mac OS enabled template

(The classic Mac OS of the era did not use DOCB XML Word binary
filename extensions.)[38] document

The newer .docx extension signifies the Office

Open XML international standard for Office documents and is used by default by Word 2007 and
later for Windows as well as Word 2008 and later for macOS.[39]

Binary formats (Word 97–2007)

During the late 1990s and early 2000s, the default Word document format (.DOC) became a de facto
standard of document file formats for Microsoft Office users. There are different versions of "Word
Document Format" used by default in Word 97–2007.[40] Each binary word file is a Compound
File,[41] a hierarchical file system within a file. According to Joel Spolsky, Word Binary File Format is
extremely complex mainly because its developers had to accommodate an overwhelming number
of features and prioritize performance over anything else.[42]

As with all OLE Compound Files, Word Binary Format consists of "storages", which are analogous to
computer folders, and "streams", which are similar to computer files. Each storage may contain
streams or other storage. Each Word Binary File must contain a stream called the "WordDocument"
stream and this stream must start with a File Information Block (FIB).[43] FIB serves as the first point
of reference for locating everything else, such as where the text in a Word document starts, ends,
what version of Word created the document and other attributes.

Word 2007 and later continue to support the DOC file format, although it is no longer the default.

XML Document (Word 2003)

The .docx XML format introduced in Word 2003[44] was a simple, XML-based format called
WordProcessingML or WordML.

The Microsoft Office XML formats are XML-based document formats (or XML schemas) introduced
in versions of Microsoft Office prior to Office 2007. Microsoft Office XP introduced a new XML
format for storing Excel spreadsheets and Office 2003 added an XML-based format for Word
documents.

These formats were succeeded by Office Open XML (ECMA-376) in Microsoft Office 2007.

Cross-version compatibility

Opening a Word Document file in a version of Word other than the one with which it was created can
cause an incorrect display of the document. The document formats of the various versions change
in subtle and not-so-subtle ways (such as changing the font or the handling of more complex tasks
like footnotes). Formatting created in newer versions does not always survive when viewed in older
versions of the program, nearly always because that capability does not exist in the previous
version.[45] Rich Text Format (RTF), an early effort to create a format for interchanging formatted
text between applications, is an optional format for Word that retains most formatting and all
content of the original document.

Third-party formats

Plugins permitting the Windows versions of Word to read and write formats it does not natively
support, such as international standard OpenDocument format (ODF) (ISO/IEC 26300:2006), are
available. Up until the release of Service Pack 2 (SP2) for Office 2007, Word did not natively support
reading or writing ODF documents without a plugin, namely the SUN ODF Plugin or the
OpenXML/ODF Translator. With SP2 installed, ODF format 1.1 documents can be read and saved
like any other supported format in addition to those already available in Word 2007.[45][46][47][48][49]
The implementation faces substantial criticism, and the ODF Alliance and others have claimed that
the third-party plugins provide better support.[50] Microsoft later declared that the ODF support has
some limitations.[51]

In October 2005, one year before the Microsoft Office 2007 suite was released, Microsoft declared
that there was insufficient demand from Microsoft customers for the international standard
OpenDocument format support and that therefore it would not be included in Microsoft Office 2007.
This statement was repeated in the following months.[52][53][54][55] As an answer, on October 20,
2005, an online petition was created to demand ODF support from Microsoft.[56]

In May 2006, the ODF plugin for Microsoft Office was released by the OpenDocument Foundation.[57]
Microsoft declared that it had no relationship with the developers of the plugin.[55]

In July 2006, Microsoft announced the creation of the Open XML Translator project – tools to build a
technical bridge between the Microsoft Office Open XML Formats and the OpenDocument Format
(ODF). This work was started in response to government requests for interoperability with ODF. The
goal of the project was not to add ODF support to Microsoft Office, but only to create a plugin and
an external toolset.[58][59] In February 2007, this project released a first version of the ODF plugin for
Microsoft Word.[60]

In February 2007, Sun released an initial version of its ODF plugin for Microsoft Office.[61] Version
1.0 was released in July 2007.[62]

Microsoft Word 2007 (Service Pack 1) supports (for output only) PDF and XPS formats, but only
after manual installation of the Microsoft "Save as PDF or XPS" add-on.[63][64] On later releases, this
was offered by default.

Features

Among its features, Word includes a built-in spell checker, a thesaurus, a dictionary, and utilities for
manipulating and editing text. It supports creating tables. Depending on the version, it can perform
simple and complex calculations, and supports formatting formulas and equations.

The following are some aspects of its feature set.

Templates

Several later versions of Word include the ability for users to create their own formatting templates,
allowing them to define a file in which: the title, heading, paragraph, and other element designs differ
from the standard Word templates.[65] Users can find how to do this under the Help section located
near the top right corner (Word 2013 on Windows 8).

For example, Normal.dotm is the master template from which all Word documents are created. It
determines the margin defaults as well as the layout of the text and font defaults. Although
Normal.dotm is already set with certain defaults, the user can change it to new defaults. This will
change other documents which were created using the template.[66] It was previously
Normal.dot.[67]

Image formats

Word can import and display images in common bitmap formats such as JPG and GIF. It can also
be used to create and display simple line art. Microsoft Word added support[68] for the common
SVG vector image format in 2017 for Office 365 ProPlus subscribers and this functionality was also
included in the Office 2019 release.

WordArt

An example image created

with WordArt

WordArt enables drawing text in a Microsoft Word document such as a title, watermark, or other
text, with graphical effects such as skewing, shadowing, rotating, stretching in a variety of shapes
and colors, and even including three-dimensional effects. Users can apply formatting effects such
as shadow, bevel, glow, and reflection to their document text as easily as applying bold or underline.
Users can also spell-check text that uses visual effects and add text effects to paragraph styles.
Macros

A macro is a rule of pattern that specifies how a certain input sequence (often a sequence of
characters) should be mapped to an output sequence according to a defined process. Frequently
used or repetitive sequences of keystrokes and mouse movements can be automated. Like other
Microsoft Office documents, Word files can include advanced macros and even embedded
programs. The language was originally WordBasic, but changed to Visual Basic for Applications as
of Word 97.

This extensive functionality can also be used to run and propagate viruses in documents. The
tendency for people to exchange Word documents via email, USB flash drives, and floppy disks
made this an especially attractive vector in 1999. A prominent example was the Melissa virus, but
countless others have existed.

These macro viruses were the only known cross-platform threats between Windows and Macintosh
computers and they were the only infection vectors to affect any macOS system up until the advent
of video codec trojans in 2007. Microsoft released patches for Word X and Word 2004 that
effectively eliminated the macro problem on the Mac by 2006.

Word's macro security setting, which regulates when macros may execute, can be adjusted by the
user, but in the most recent versions of Word, it is set to HIGH by default, generally reducing the risk
from macro-based viruses, which have become uncommon.

Layout issues

Before Word 2010 (Word 14) for Windows, the program was unable to correctly handle ligatures
defined in OpenType fonts.[69] Those ligature glyphs with Unicode codepoints may be inserted
manually, but are not recognized by Word for what they are, breaking spell checking, while custom
ligatures present in the font are not accessible at all. Since Word 2010, the program now has
advanced typesetting features which can be enabled,[70] OpenType ligatures,[71] kerning and
hyphenation (previous versions already had the latter two features). Other layout deficiencies of
Word include the inability to set crop marks or thin spaces. Various third-party workaround utilities
have been developed.[72]

In Word 2004 for Mac OS X, support of complex scripts was inferior even to Word 97[73] and Word
2004 did not support Apple Advanced Typography features like ligatures or glyph variants.[74]
Issues with technical documents

Microsoft Word is only partially suitable for some kinds of technical writing, specifically, that which
requires mathematical equations,[75] figure placement, table placement and cross-references to any
of these items. The usual workaround for equations is to use a third-party equation typesetter.
Figures and tables must be placed manually; there is an anchor mechanism but it is not designed
for fully automatic figure placement and editing text after placing figures and tables often requires
re-placing those items by moving the anchor point and even then the placement options are limited.
This problem is deeply baked into Word's structure since 1985 as it does not know where page
breaks will occur until the document is printed.

Bullets and numbering

Microsoft Word supports bullet lists and numbered lists. It also features a numbering system that
helps add correct numbers to pages, chapters, headers, footnotes, and entries of tables of content;
these numbers automatically change to correct ones as new items are added or existing items are
deleted. Bullets and numbering can be applied directly to paragraphs and converted to lists.[76] Word
97 through 2003, however, had problems adding correct numbers to numbered lists. In particular, a
second irrelevant numbered list might have not started with number one but instead resumed
numbering after the last numbered list. Although Word 97 supported a hidden marker that said the
list numbering must restart afterward, the command to insert this marker (Restart Numbering
command) was only added in Word 2003. However, if one were to cut the first item of the listed and
paste it as another item (e.g. fifth), then the restart marker would have moved with it and the list
would have restarted in the middle instead of at the top.[77]

Word continues to default to non-Unicode characters and non-hierarchical bulleting, despite user
preference for PowerPoint-style symbol hierarchies (e.g., filled circle/emdash/filled
square/endash/emptied circle) and universal compatibility.

AutoSummarize

Available in certain versions of Word (e.g., Word 2007), AutoSummarize highlights passages or
phrases that it considers valuable and can be a quick way of generating a crude abstract or an
executive summary.[78] The amount of text to be retained can be specified by the user as a
percentage of the current amount of text.
According to Ron Fein of the Word 97 team, AutoSummarize cuts wordy copy to the bone by
counting words and ranking sentences. First, AutoSummarize identifies the most common words in
the document (barring "a" and "the" and the like) and assigns a "score" to each word – the more
frequently a word is used, the higher the score. Then, it "averages" each sentence by adding the
scores of its words and dividing the sum by the number of words in the sentence – the higher the
average, the higher the rank of the sentence. "It's like the ratio of wheat to chaff," explains Fein.[79]

AutoSummarize was removed from Microsoft Word for Mac OS X 2011, although it was present in
Word for Mac 2008. AutoSummarize was removed from the Office 2010 release version (14) as
well.[80]

Spike

Spike is a specialized cut command in Microsoft Word. It is named after an implement in

restaurants on which receipts are impaled, and similarly sequentially stores data to be pasted and
adds them together to the document when the second function step, or paste, is performed. Please
note that spiking (CONTROL–F3) performs a cut function, which can be immediately undone to
simulate a "copy" command, while the pasting function (SHIFT–CONTROL–F3) will also clear the
data from the spike, although this can be avoided by using alternatives to the three-key shortcut.[81]

Hidden text

Word supports marking selected text as "hidden". Hidden text is text that is stored in the document
but is not displayed.[82] For example, pages containing large amounts of markup language text can
be made visually more readable during the editing process.

Password protection

Three password types can be set in Microsoft Word:

Password to open a document[83]

Password to modify a document[83]

Password restricting formatting and editing[84]

The second and third password types were developed by Microsoft for convenient shared use of
documents rather than for their protection. There is no encryption of documents that are protected
by such passwords and the Microsoft Office protection system saves a hash sum of a password in
a document's header where it can be easily accessed and removed by the specialized software.
Password to open a document offers much tougher protection that had been steadily enhanced in
the subsequent editions of Microsoft Office.

Word 95 and all the preceding editions had the weakest protection that utilized a conversion of a
password to a 16-bit key.

Key length in Word 97 and 2000 was strengthened up to 40 bit. However, modern cracking software
allows removing such a password very quickly – a persistent cracking process takes one week at
most. Use of rainbow tables reduces password removal time to several seconds. Some password
recovery software can not only remove a password but also find an actual password that was used
by a user to encrypt the document using the brute-force attack approach. Statistically, the possibility
of recovering the password depends on the password strength.

Word's 2003/XP version default protection remained the same but an option that allowed advanced
users to choose a Cryptographic Service Provider was added.[85] If a strong CSP is chosen,
guaranteed document decryption becomes unavailable and, therefore, a password can't be removed
from the document. Nonetheless, a password can be fairly quickly picked with a brute-force attack,
because its speed is still high regardless of the CSP selected. Moreover, since the CSPs are not
active by default, their use is limited to advanced users only.

Word 2007 offers significantly more secure document protection which utilizes the modern
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) that converts a password to a 128-bit key using a SHA-1 hash
function 50,000 times. It makes password removal impossible (as of today, no computer that can
pick the key in a reasonable amount of time exists) and drastically slows the brute-force attack
speed down to several hundreds of passwords per second.

Word's 2010 protection algorithm was not changed apart from the increasing number of SHA-1
conversions up to 100,000 times and consequently, the brute-force attack speed decreased two
times more.
Versions and platforms

Word for Windows

Microsoft Word for Windows (2007)

Word for Windows is available stand-alone or as part of the Microsoft Office suite. Word contains
rudimentary desktop publishing capabilities and is the most widely used word processing program
on the market. Word files are commonly used as the format for sending text documents via e-mail
because almost every user with a computer can read a Word document by using the Word
application, a Word viewer or a word processor that imports the Word format (see Microsoft Word
Viewer).

Word 6 for Windows NT was the first 32-bit version of the product,[86] released with Microsoft Office
for Windows NT around the same time as Windows 95. It was a straightforward port of Word 6.0.
Starting with Word 95, each release of Word was named after the year of its release, instead of its
version number.[87]

Word 2007 introduced a redesigned user interface that emphasized the most common controls,
dividing them into tabs, and adding specific options depending on the context, such as selecting an
image or editing a table.[88] This user interface, called Ribbon, was included in Excel, PowerPoint and
Access 2007, and would be later introduced to other Office applications with Office 2010 and
Windows applications such as Paint and WordPad with Windows 7, respectively.[89]

The redesigned interface also includes a toolbar that appears when selecting text, with options for
formatting included.[90]

Word 2007 also included the option to save documents as Adobe Acrobat or XPS files,[90] and
upload Word documents like blog posts on services such as WordPress.

Word 2010 allows the customization of the Ribbon,[91] adds a Backstage view for file
management,[92] has improved document navigation, allows creation and embedding of
screenshots,[93] and integrates with online services such as Microsoft OneDrive.[94]
Word 2019 added a dictation function.

Word 2021 added co-authoring, a visual refresh on the start experience and tabs, automatic cloud
saving, dark mode, line focus, an updated draw tab, and support for ODF 1.3.

Word for Mac

Word for Mac running on macOS

Ventura (13.2)

The Mac was introduced on January 24, 1984, and Microsoft introduced Word 1.0 for Mac a year
later, on January 18, 1985. The DOS, Mac, and Windows versions are quite different from each other.
Only the Mac version was WYSIWYG and used a graphical user interface, far ahead of the other
platforms. Each platform restarted its version numbering at "1.0".[95] There was no version 2 on the
Mac, but version 3 came out on January 31, 1987, as described above. Word 4.0 came out on
November 6, 1990, and added automatic linking with Excel, the ability to flow text around graphics,
and a WYSIWYG page view editing mode. Word 5.1 for Mac, released in 1992 ran on the original
68000 CPU and was the last to be specifically designed as a Macintosh application. The later Word
6 was a Windows port and poorly received. Word 5.1 continued to run well until the last classic Mac
OS. Many people continue to run Word 5.1 to this day under an emulated Mac classic system for
some of its excellent features, such as document generation and renumbering, or to access their old
files.

Microsoft Word 2011 running on OS X

In 1997, Microsoft formed the Macintosh Business Unit as an independent group within Microsoft
focused on writing software for the classic Mac OS. Its first version of Word, Word 98, was released
with Office 98 Macintosh Edition. Document compatibility reached parity with Word 97,[37] and it
included features from Word 97 for Windows, including spell and grammar checking with
squiggles.[96] Users could choose the menus and keyboard shortcuts to be similar to either Word 97
for Windows or Word 5 for Mac.

Word 2001, released in 2000, added a few new features, including the Office Clipboard, which
allowed users to copy and paste multiple items.[97] It was the last version to run on the classic Mac
OS and, on Mac OS X, it could only run within the Classic Environment. Word X, released in 2001,
was the first version to run natively on, and to require, Mac OS X,[96] and introduced non-contiguous
text selection.[98]

Word 2004 was released in May 2004. It included a new Notebook Layout view for taking notes
either by typing or by voice.[99] Other features, such as tracking changes, were made more similar
with Office for Windows.[100]

Word 2008, released on January 15, 2008, included a Ribbon-like feature, called the Elements
Gallery, that can be used to select page layouts and insert custom diagrams and images. It also
included a new view focused on publishing layout, integrated bibliography management,[101] and
native support for the new Office Open XML format. It was the first version to run natively on Intel-
based Macs.[102]

Word 2011, released in October 2010, replaced the Elements Gallery in favor of a Ribbon user
interface that is much more similar to Office for Windows,[103] and includes a full-screen mode that
allows users to focus on reading and writing documents, and support for Office Web Apps.[104]

Word 2021 added real-time co-authoring, automatic cloud saving, dark mode, immersive reader
enhancements, line focus, a visual refresh, the ability to save pictures in SVG format, and a new
Sketched style outline.

Word 2024, released on September 16, 2024, included Word session recovery, support for ODF 1.4,
new theme and color palette and ability for easier collaboration. Even though collaboration features
were also available in Microsoft Word 2021 as part of post release update, they were not available in
Word LTSC 2021 or Word LTSC 2024.[105]
Write for Atari ST

Microsoft Word on Atari ST was titled

Microsoft Write.

Microsoft Write for the Atari ST is the Atari version of Microsoft Word 1.05 released for the Apple
Macintosh while sharing the same name as the Microsoft Write program included in Windows
during the 80s and early 90s.[106] While the program was announced in 1986, various delays caused
the program to arrive in 1988.[107] Microsoft Write for Atari ST and Microsoft Word for Windows
would both make their debut at the 1988 COMDEX in Atlanta, Georgia alongside their respective
booths.[108][109][110]

Like the Mac version, the Atari version features WYSIWYG form (via GDOS) and used a graphical
user interface (via GEM).[111]

Microsoft Write was one of the first Atari word processors that utilizes the GDOS (Graphics Device
Operating System) part of GEM (Graphics Environment Manager) allowing the word processor to
display and print graphic fonts & styles making it a multifont word processor for the Atari ST (a 2nd
disk drive was required to run both Microsoft Write and GDOS). Microsoft Write was packaged with
GDOS 1.1 and the drivers for the Atari XMM804 dot matrix printer along with 3rd party printers like
Epson FX-80 and Star Micronics NB-15 on 4 diskettes (3½ inch format).[112]

Accompanying the retail packaging was a 206-page slip-cased user's manual that was divided into 3
sections: Learning Write, Using Write and Write Reference.[113] In addition, Microsoft Write also
featured a "Help Screen" tool to help a user explore the advanced features of the word processor
that earned high praise for its form and presentation.[114]

Write for Macintosh

In October 1987, Microsoft released Microsoft Write for Macintosh. Write is a version of Microsoft
Word with limited features that Microsoft hoped would replace aging MacWrite in the Macintosh
word processor market. Write was priced well below Word, though at the time MacWrite was
included with new Macintoshes. Write is best described as Word locked in "Short Menus" mode, and
as such it used the same file format so that users could exchange files with absolutely no
conversion necessary.[115] Write did not sell well and was discontinued before the System 7 era.
Microsoft Write was part of a short-lived trend for "lightweight" Macintosh word processors initiated
by the introduction of the Macintosh Portable and early PowerBook systems. Others included
LetterPerfect and Nisus Compact.

Word on mobile platforms

Microsoft Pocket Word running on

Handheld PC 2000

The first mobile versions of Word were released with Windows CE in 1996 on Handheld PCs[116] and
later also on Pocket PCs.

Microsoft 365
version of
Microsoft Word
running on
Android 13

The modern Word Mobile[117] supports basic formatting, such as bolding, changing font size, and
changing colors (from red, yellow, or green). It can add comments, but can't edit documents with
tracked changes. It can't open password-protected documents; change the typeface, text alignment,
or style (normal, heading 1); insert responsive checkboxes; insert pictures; or undo.[118][119][120][121]

Word Mobile is neither able to display nor insert footnotes, endnotes, page footers, page breaks,
certain indentation of lists, and certain fonts while working on a document, but retains them if the
original document has them.[122] Word Mobile can insert lists, but doesn't allow to set custom bullet
symbols and customize list numbering. In addition to the features of the 2013 version, the 2007
version on Windows Mobile also has the ability to save documents in the Rich Text Format and open
legacy PSW (Pocket Word).[122] Furthermore, it includes a spell checker, word count tool, and a "Find
and Replace" command. In 2015, Word Mobile became available for Windows 10 and Windows 10
Mobile on Windows Store.[123] Support for the Windows 10 Mobile version ended on January 12,
2021.[124]

Word for iOS was released on March 27, 2014[125] and for Android was released on January 29,
2015.[126]

Word for the web

Word for the web is a free lightweight version of Microsoft Word available as part of Office on the
web, which also includes web versions of Microsoft Excel and Microsoft PowerPoint.

Word for the web lacks some Ribbon tabs, such as Design and Mailings. Mailings allows users to
print envelopes and labels and manage mail merge printing of Word documents.[127][128] Word for
the web is not able to edit certain objects, such as: equations, shapes, text boxes or drawings, but a
placeholder may be present in the document. Certain advanced features like table sorting or
columns will not be displayed but are preserved as they were in the document. Other views available
in the Word desktop app (Outline, Draft, Web Layout, and Full-Screen Reading) are not available, nor
are side-by-side viewing, split windows, and the ruler.[129]

Reception

Initial releases of Word were met with criticism. Byte in 1984 criticized the documentation for Word
1.1 and 2.0 for DOS, calling it "a complete farce". It called the software "clever, put together well and
performs some extraordinary feats", but concluded that "especially when operated with the mouse,
has many more limitations than benefits... extremely frustrating to learn and operate efficiently".[130]
PC Magazine 's review was very mixed, stating: "I've run into weird word processors before, but this is
the first time one's nearly knocked me down for the count" but acknowledging that Word's
innovations were the first that caused the reviewer to consider abandoning WordStar. While the
review cited an excellent WYSIWYG display, sophisticated print formatting, windows, and footnoting
as merits, it criticized many small flaws, very slow performance, and "documentation produced by
Madame Sadie's Pain Palace". It concluded that Word was "two releases away from potential
greatness".[131]
Compute!'s Apple Applications in 1987 stated that "despite a certain awkwardness", Word 3.01 "will
likely become the major Macintosh word processor" with "far too many features to list here". While
criticizing the lack of true WYSIWYG, the magazine concluded that "Word is marvelous. It's like a
Mozart or Edison, whose occasional gaucherie we excuse because of his great gifts".[132]

Compute! in 1989 stated that Word 5.0's integration of text and graphics made it "a solid engine for
basic desktop publishing". The magazine approved of improvements to text mode, described the
$75 price for upgrading from an earlier version as "the deal of the decade" and concluded that "as a
high-octane word processor, Word is worth a look".[133]

During the first quarter of 1996, Microsoft Word accounted for 80% of the worldwide word
processing market.[134]

In 2013, Microsoft added Word to the new Office 365 product, where Microsoft has combined their
most popular software,[135] which is a cloud based computing software that is subscription-based
to compete with Google Docs.

Release history

Legend: Unsupported version Old version, still maintained Latest version

Microsoft Word 2010 running on

Windows 7
Microsoft Word for Windows release history

Year
Name Version Comments
released

Word for
1989 Windows 1.0 Code-named Opus[136]
1.0

Word for
1990 Windows 1.1 For Windows 3.0.[137] Code-named Bill the Cat
1.1

Word for
On March 25, 2014, Microsoft made the source code to Word for Windows 1.1a
1990 Windows 1.1a
available to the public via the Computer History Museum.[138][139]
1.1a

Word for
1991 Windows 2.0 Included in Office 3.0.
2.0

Version numbers 3, 4, and 5 were skipped, to bring Windows version

Word for
numbering in line with that of DOS, Mac OS, and WordPerfect (the main
1993 Windows 6.0
competing word processor at the time). Also, a 32-bit version for Windows NT
6.0
only. Included in Office 4.0, 4.2, and 4.3.

Word for
1995 7.0 Included in Office 95
Windows 95

1997 Word 97 8.0 Included in Office 97

1998 Word 98 8.5 Included in Office 97

1999 Word 2000 9.0 Included in Office 2000

2001 Word 2002 10.0 Included in Office XP

Office Word
2003 11.0 Included in Office 2003
2003

Included in Office 2007; released to businesses on November 30, 2006,

Office Word
2006 12.0 released worldwide to consumers on January 30, 2007. Extended support until
2007
October 10, 2017.

2010 Word 2010 14.0 Included in Office 2010; skipped 13.0 due to triskaidekaphobia.[140]

2013 Word 2013 15.0 Included in Office 2013

2016 Word 2016 16.0 Included in Office 2016

2019 Word 2019 17.0 Included in Office 2019

2021 Word 2021 17.0 Included in Office 2021

Microsoft Word for classic Mac OS and macOS release history

Year
Name Version Comments
released

1985 Word 1 1.0

1987 Word 3 3.0

1989 Word 4 4.0 Part of Office 1.0 and 1.5

Part of Office 3.0

1991 Word 5 5.0 Requires System 6.0.2, 512 KB of RAM (1 MB for 5.1, 2 MB to use spell check
and thesaurus), 6.5 MB available hard drive space[26]

Part of Office 3.0

1992 Word 5.1 5.1
Last version to support 68000-based Macs[26]

Part of Office 4.2

Shares code and user interface with Word for Windows 6

1993 Word 6 6.0
Requires System 7.0, 4 MB of RAM (8 MB recommended), at least 10 MB
available hard drive space, 68020 CPU[26]

Part of Office 98 Macintosh Edition

1998 Word 98 8.5 Requires PowerPC-based Macintosh

Renumbered alongside contemporary Windows version

Part of Microsoft Office 2001

Word
2000 9.0 Word 2001 is the last version that is compatible with Classic Mac OS (Mac OS
2001
9 or earlier)

Part of Office v. X
2001 Word v. X 10.0
First version for Mac OS X only

Word
2004 11.0 Part of Office 2004
2004

Word
2008 12.0 Part of Office 2008
2008

Word
2010 14.0 Part of Office 2011; skipped 13.0 due to triskaidekaphobia.[140]
2011

Word
2015 16.0 Part of Office 2016; skipped 15.0
2016

Word
2019 17.0 Part of Office 2019
2019

Word
2021 17.0 Included in Office 2021
2021
Word for MS-DOS release history

Year released Name Version Comments

1983 Word 1 1.0 Initial version of Word

1985 Word 2 2.0

1986 Word 3 3.0 Removed copy protection

1987 Word 4 4.0

1989 Word 5 5.0

1991 Word 5.1 5.1

1991 Word 5.5 5.5 First DOS version to use a Windows-like user interface

1993 Word 6 6.0 Last DOS version.

Word release history on other platforms

Year
Platform Name Comments
released

Atari ST 1988 Microsoft Write Based on Microsoft Word 1.05 for Mac OS

Word 5.0 for DOS is a "family mode" application capable

OS/2 1989 Microsoft Word 5.0 of running as a native app on either MS-DOS or 16-bit
OS/2.

Word 5.5 for DOS is a "family mode" application capable

OS/2 1991 Microsoft Word 5.5 of running as a native app on either MS-DOS or 16-bit
OS/2.

Microsoft Word for OS/2

OS/2 1990 Presentation Manager version
1.1

Microsoft Word for OS/2

OS/2 1991 Presentation Manager version
1.2

Microsoft Word for Unix version

SCO Unix 1990
5.0[141]

Microsoft Word for Unix version

SCO Unix 1991
5.1[142]

Notes

a. Including Office 2021, 2019 and 2016

References
 1. "Release
channel) notes for Current
. Microsoft LearnChannel" (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/officeupdates/current-
. Retrieved January 24, 2025.

2. "Update history for Office LTSC 2021 and Office 2021" (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/offic
eupdates/update-history-office-2021) . Microsoft Learn. Retrieved January 24, 2025.

3. "Update history for Office for Mac" (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/officeupdates/update-hi

story-office-for-mac) . Microsoft Learn. Retrieved January 24, 2025.

4. "Update history for Office 2016 C2R and Office 2019" (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/office
updates/update-history-office-2019) . Microsoft Learn. Retrieved January 24, 2025.

5. "Microsoft 365 Copilot" (https://apps.microsoft.com/detail/9wzdncrd29v9) . Microsoft Apps.

Retrieved January 23, 2025.

6. "Microsoft 365 Copilot" (https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.microsoft.office.o

fficehubrow) . Google Play. Retrieved January 24, 2025.

7. "Microsoft Word: Edit Documents" (https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.micros

oft.office.word) . Google Play. Retrieved January 24, 2025.

8. "Microsoft Excel: Spreadsheets" (https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.microsof

t.office.excel) . Google Play. Retrieved January 24, 2025.

9. "Microsoft 365 Copilot 16.0.18429.20092" (https://www.apkmirror.com/apk/microsoft-corpora

tion/office-mobile-2/office-mobile-2-16-0-18429-20092-release/) . APKMirror. January 20,
2025. Retrieved January 24, 2025.

10. "Microsoft 365 Copilot" (https://apps.apple.com/us/app/microsoft-365-office/id541164041) .

App Store. Retrieved January 23, 2025.

11. "C++ in MS Office" (https://cppcon.org/bonus-talk-cxx-in-ms-office-2014/) . cppcon. July 17,

2014. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191107064047/https://cppcon.org/bonus-talk-
cxx-in-ms-office-2014/) from the original on November 7, 2019. Retrieved June 25, 2019.

12. "System requirements for Office" (https://products.office.com/en/office-system-requirement

s) . Office.com. Microsoft. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190330005900/https://pr
oducts.office.com/en/office-system-requirements) from the original on March 30, 2019.
Retrieved March 30, 2019.

13. "Version 1.0 of today's most popular applications, a visual tour – Pingdom Royal" (https://web.
archive.org/web/20180813072250/https://royal.pingdom.com/2009/06/17/first-version-of-tod
ays-most-popular-applications-a-visual-tour/) . Pingdom. June 17, 2009. Archived from the
original (http://royal.pingdom.com/2009/06/17/first-version-of-todays-most-popular-applicatio
ns-a-visual-tour/) on August 13, 2018. Retrieved April 12, 2016.
14. A. Allen, Roy (October 2001). "Chapter 12: Microsoft in the 1980s" (https://archive.org/downloa
d/A_History_of_the_Personal_Computer/eBook12.pdf) (PDF). A History of the Personal
Computer: The People and the Technology (https://archive.org/details/A_History_of_the_Person
al_Computer) (1st ed.). Allan Publishing. pp. 12/25–12/26. ISBN 978-0-9689108-0-1.
Retrieved November 7, 2010.

15. "Microsoft Office online, Getting to know you...again: The Ribbon" (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20110511074037/http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/help/HA101996251033.aspx) .
Archived from the original (http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/help/HA101996251033.aspx)
on May 11, 2011.

16. "The history of branding, Microsoft history" (https://web.archive.org/web/20090528002301/htt

p://www.historyofbranding.com/microsoft.html) . Archived from the original (http://www.hist
oryofbranding.com/microsoft.html) on May 28, 2009.

17. Till A. Heilmann. "The Beginnings of Word Processing: A Historical Account". Digital Writing
Technologies in Higher Education (https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-36033-
6_1) .

18. Edwards, Benj (October 22, 2008). "Microsoft Word Turns 25" (https://web.archive.org/web/20
120704162738/http://www.pcworld.com/article/152585/microsoft_word_turns_25.html) . PC
World. Archived from the original (http://www.pcworld.com/article/152585/microsoft_word_tur
ns_25.html) on July 4, 2012. Retrieved November 7, 2010.

19. Tsang, Cheryl (1999). Microsoft First Generation (https://archive.org/details/microsoftfirstge00

cher) . John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-33206-0.

20. Schaut, Rick (May 19, 2004). "Anatomy of a Software Bug" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100
201040227/http://blogs.msdn.com/rick_schaut/archive/2004/05/19/135315.aspx) . MSDN
Blogs. Archived from the original (http://blogs.msdn.com/rick_schaut/archive/2004/05/19/13
5315.aspx) on February 1, 2010. Retrieved December 2, 2006.

21. Markoff, John (May 30, 1983). "Mouse and new WP program join Microsoft product lineup" (htt
ps://books.google.com/books?id=4S8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA10) . InfoWorld. p. 10. Retrieved
November 7, 2010.

22. Pollack, Andrew (August 25, 1983). "Computerizing Magazines" (https://www.nytimes.com/19

83/08/25/business/technologyandrew-pollack-computerizing-magazines.html) . The New
York Times. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20110512095456/http://www.nytimes.co
m/1983/08/25/business/technologyandrew-pollack-computerizing-magazines.html) from
the original on May 12, 2011. Retrieved April 24, 2013.
23. Lemmons, Phil (December 1983). "Microsoft Windows" (https://archive.org/stream/byte-maga
zine-1983-12/1983_12_BYTE_08-12_Easy_Software#page/n49/mode/2up) . BYTE. p. 48.
Retrieved October 20, 2013.

24. Advertisement (December 1983). "Undo. Windows. Mouse. Finally" (https://archive.org/strea

m/byte-magazine-1983-12/1983_12_BYTE_08-12_Easy_Software#page/n89/mode/2up) .
BYTE. pp. 88–89. Retrieved October 20, 2013.

25. Peterson, W.E. Pete (1994). Almost Perfect: How a Bunch of Regular Guys Built Wordperfect
Corporation. Prima Publishing. ISBN 0-7881-9991-9.

26. Knight, Dan (May 22, 2008). "Microsoft Word for Mac History" (http://lowendmac.com/2013/mi
crosoft-word-for-mac-faq/) . Low End Mac. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/201307210
44510/http://lowendmac.com/2013/microsoft-word-for-mac-faq/) from the original on July
21, 2013. Retrieved November 7, 2010.

27. "The Piece Table" (https://darrenburns.net/posts/piece-table/) . Archived (https://web.archiv

e.org/web/20201112021307/https://darrenburns.net/posts/piece-table/) from the original
on November 12, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020.

28. Brand, Stewart (1989). Whole Earth Software Catalog (https://archive.org/stream/Whole_Earth_

Software_Catalog_for_1986_1985_Point/Whole_Earth_Software_Catalog_for_1986_1985_Point
_djvu.txt) . Quantum Press/Doubleday. ISBN 9780385233019. "For a year, I waited for a
heavier-duty word processor than MACWRITE. I finally got it— WORD."

29. Schaut, Rick (February 26, 2004). "Mac Word 6.0" (https://web.archive.org/web/200405140912
38/http://blogs.msdn.com/rick_schaut/archive/2004/02/26/80193.aspx) . Buggin' My Life
Away. MSDN Blogs. Archived from the original (http://blogs.msdn.com/rick_schaut/archive/20
04/02/26/80193.aspx) on May 14, 2004. Retrieved June 21, 2010.

30. "Atari announces agreement with Microsoft" (http://www.atarimagazines.com/compute/issue

77/News_Products.php?tag=) . Atarimagazines.com. April 25, 2008. Archived (https://web.ar
chive.org/web/20100618010538/http://www.atarimagazines.com/compute/issue77/News_Pr
oducts.php?tag=) from the original on June 18, 2010. Retrieved June 21, 2010.

31. "Feature Review: Microsoft Write" (http://www.atarimagazines.com/startv3n1/microsoftwrite.h

tml) . Atarimagazines.com. April 25, 2008. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/201605281
50414/http://atarimagazines.com/startv3n1/microsoftwrite.html) from the original on May
28, 2016. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
32. "Today's Atari Corp.: A close up look inside" (http://www.atarimagazines.com/v5n11/ataricorp.
html) . Atarimagazines.com. April 25, 2008. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20110119
223108/http://www.atarimagazines.com/v5n11/ataricorp.html) from the original on January
19, 2011. Retrieved June 21, 2010.

33. Miller, Michael J. (November 12, 1990). "First Look: Microsoft Updates Look of And Adds Pull-
Down Menus to Character-Based Word 5.5" (https://books.google.com/books?id=tDwEAAAAM
BAJ&pg=PA151) . InfoWorld. p. 151. Retrieved November 7, 2010.

34. Needleman, Raphael (November 19, 1990). "Microsoft Word 5.5: Should You Fight or Switch?"
(https://books.google.com/books?id=wFAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA108) . InfoWorld. p. 106.
Retrieved November 7, 2010.

35. "Microsoft Word 5.5 for MS-DOS (EXE format)" (http://download.microsoft.com/download/wor

d97win/Wd55_be/97/WIN98/EN-US/Wd55_ben.exe) . Microsoft Download Center. Archived (h
ttps://web.archive.org/web/20110629172129/http://download.microsoft.com/download/word
97win/Wd55_be/97/WIN98/EN-US/Wd55_ben.exe) from the original on June 29, 2011.
Retrieved August 19, 2011.

36. "War of the Words" (https://books.google.com/books?id=6DoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA66) .

InfoWorld. February 7, 1994. pp. 66–79. Retrieved November 7, 2010.

37. Lockman, James T.W. (May 15, 1998). "UGeek Software Review: Microsoft Office 98 Gold for
Macintosh" (https://web.archive.org/web/20101203220342/http://www.geek.com/hwswrev/of
f98mac.htm) . Archived from the original (http://www.geek.com/hwswrev/off98mac.htm)
on December 3, 2010. Retrieved November 7, 2010.

38. Oakley, Howard (May 2, 2015). ".why .the .extensions? Quirks in the naming of files and folders"
(https://web.archive.org/web/20200226054403/https://eclecticlight.co/2015/05/02/why-the-e
xtensions-quirks-in-the-naming-of-files-and-folders/) . The Eclectic Light Company. Archived
from the original (https://eclecticlight.co/2015/05/02/why-the-extensions-quirks-in-the-naming
-of-files-and-folders/) on February 26, 2020. Retrieved February 26, 2020. "Macs used to be
the only computers that did not need filename extensions...on classic Mac systems, you can
name applications, documents, and most other files almost anything that you like, as the name
is not linked in any way to the type of thing that file is."

39. "DOCX Transitional (Office Open XML), ISO 29500:2008-2016, ECMA-376, Editions 1-5" (https://
www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000397.shtml) . loc.gov. January 20, 2017.
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201112020030/https://www.loc.gov/preservation/di
gital/formats/fdd/fdd000397.shtml) from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved
July 9, 2019.
40. "5 Appendix A: Product Behavior" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150110202652/http://downl
oad.microsoft.com/download/2/4/8/24862317-78F0-4C4B-B355-C7B2C1D997DB/%5BMS-DO
C%5D.pdf) (PDF). [MS-DOC]: Word (.doc) Binary File Format (http://download.microsoft.com/d
ownload/2/4/8/24862317-78F0-4C4B-B355-C7B2C1D997DB/%5BMS-DOC%5D.pdf) (PDF).
Redmond, WA: Microsoft. Archived from the original (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/
dd946767%28v=office.12%29.aspx) on January 10, 2015. Retrieved January 10, 2015.

41. "2.1 File Structure" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150110202652/http://download.microsoft.

com/download/2/4/8/24862317-78F0-4C4B-B355-C7B2C1D997DB/%5BMS-DOC%5D.pdf)
(PDF). [MS-DOC]: Word (.doc) Binary File Format (http://download.microsoft.com/download/2/
4/8/24862317-78F0-4C4B-B355-C7B2C1D997DB/%5BMS-DOC%5D.pdf) (PDF). Redmond,
WA: Microsoft. Archived from the original (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd92354
3%28v=office.12%29.aspx) on January 10, 2015. Retrieved January 10, 2015.

42. Spolsky, Joel (February 19, 2008). "Why are the Microsoft Office file formats so complicated?
(And some workarounds)" (http://www.joelonsoftware.com/items/2008/02/19.html) . Joel on
Software. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20131014090710/http://joelonsoftware.co
m/items/2008/02/19.html) from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved May 23, 2011.

43. "2.1.1 WordDocument Stream" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150110202652/http://downloa

d.microsoft.com/download/2/4/8/24862317-78F0-4C4B-B355-C7B2C1D997DB/%5BMS-DOC%
5D.pdf) (PDF). [MS-DOC]: Word (.doc) Binary File Format (http://download.microsoft.com/dow
nload/2/4/8/24862317-78F0-4C4B-B355-C7B2C1D997DB/%5BMS-DOC%5D.pdf) (PDF).
Redmond, WA: Microsoft. Archived from the original (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/
dd926131%28v=office.12%29.aspx) on January 10, 2015. Retrieved January 10, 2015.

44. "What You Can Do with Word XML [Word 2003 XML Reference]" (http://msdn.microsoft.com/e
n-us/library/aa223584(office.11).aspx) . MSDN. 2004. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/
20100821014000/http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa223584(office.11).aspx) from
the original on August 21, 2010. Retrieved August 13, 2010.

45. Casson, Tony; Ryan, Patrick S. (May 1, 2006). "Open Standards, Open Source Adoption in the
Public Sector, and Their Relationship to Microsoft's Market Dominance". In Bolin, Sherrie (ed.).
Standards Edge: Unifier or Divider?. Sheridan Books. p. 87. SSRN 1656616 (https://papers.ssrn.
com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1656616) .
46. "Microsoft Expands List of Formats Supported in Microsoft Office, May 21, 2008" (http://www.
microsoft.com/en-us/news/press/2008/may08/05-21ExpandedFormatsPR.aspx) . News
Center. Microsoft. May 21, 2008. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20120418055644/htt
p://www.microsoft.com/en-us/news/press/2008/may08/05-21ExpandedFormatsPR.aspx)
from the original on April 18, 2012. Retrieved April 24, 2013.

47. Fulton, Scott M. III (May 21, 2008). "Next Office 2007 service pack will include ODF, PDF
support options" (http://www.betanews.com/article/Next_Office_2007_service_pack_will_inclu
de_ODF_PDF_support_options/1211343807) . Betanews. Archived (https://web.archive.org/w
eb/20081204140151/http://www.betanews.com/article/Next_Office_2007_service_pack_will_i
nclude_ODF_PDF_support_options/1211343807) from the original on December 4, 2008.
Retrieved December 24, 2008.

48. Andy Updegrove (May 21, 2008). "Microsoft Office 2007 to Support ODF – and not OOXML" (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/20080523233233/http://www.consortiuminfo.org/standardsblog/ar
ticle.php?story=20080521092930864) . Consortiuminfo.org. Archived from the original (htt
p://consortiuminfo.org/standardsblog/article.php?story=20080521092930864) on May 23,
2008. Retrieved June 21, 2010.

49. Espiner, Tom (May 23, 2008). "Microsoft: Why we chose ODF support over OOXML" (https://we
b.archive.org/web/20090721062335/http://software.silicon.com/applications/0%2C3902465
3%2C39230395%2C00.htm) . Software.silicon.com. Archived from the original (http://softwar
e.silicon.com/applications/0,39024653,39230395,00.htm) on July 21, 2009. Retrieved
June 21, 2010.

50. "MS Office 2007 Service Pack 2 With Support for ODF: How Well Does It Work?" (https://web.ar
chive.org/web/20090611181719/http://www.odfalliance.org/resources/fact-sheet-Microsoft-O
DF-support.pdf) (PDF). OpenDocument Format Alliance. Archived from the original (http://ww
w.odfalliance.org/resources/fact-sheet-Microsoft-ODF-support.pdf) (PDF) on June 11, 2009.
Retrieved May 24, 2009. "MS Excel 2007 will process ODF spreadsheet documents when
loaded via the Sun Plug-In 3.0 for MS Office or the SourceForge "OpenXML/ODF Translator
Add-in for Office," but will fail when using the "built-in" support provided by Office 2007 SP2."

51. "Differences between the OpenDocument Text (.odt) format and the Word (.docx) format -
What happens when I save a Word 2007 document in the OpenDocument Text format?" (http
s://web.archive.org/web/20100318034328/http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/word/HA10283
5631033.aspx) . Microsoft Office Online. Archived from the original (http://office.microsoft.co
m/en-us/word/HA102835631033.aspx) on March 18, 2010. Retrieved April 5, 2010.
52. Goodwins, Rupert (October 3, 2005). "Office 12 to support PDF creation" (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20090723224815/http://news.zdnet.co.uk/software/0,1000000121,39225406,00.ht
m) . News.zdnet.co.uk. Archived from the original (http://news.zdnet.co.uk/software/0,10000
00121,39225406,00.htm) on July 23, 2009. Retrieved June 21, 2010.

53. Marson, Ingrid (October 6, 2005). "Microsoft 'must support OpenDocument' " (https://web.archi
ve.org/web/20090725100911/http://news.zdnet.co.uk/software/0,1000000121,39226547,00.
htm) . News.zdnet.co.uk. Archived from the original (http://news.zdnet.co.uk/software/0,100
0000121,39226547,00.htm) on July 25, 2009. Retrieved June 21, 2010.

54. March 23, 2006, Gates: Office 2007 will enable a new class of application LaMonica, Martin
(July 5, 2006). "Mass. holding tight to OpenDocument" (https://www.zdnet.com/article/mass-h
olding-tight-to-opendocument/) . ZDNet.

55. LaMonica, Martin (May 5, 2006). "Microsoft Office to get a dose of OpenDocument" (https://ww
w.cnet.com/tech/tech-industry/microsoft-office-to-get-a-dose-of-opendocument/) . CNET
News. Retrieved August 25, 2024.

56. "OpenDocument Support: Tell Microsoft You Want It!" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080323

060829/http://opendocumentfellowship.com/press/2005-10-20) . OpenDocument
Fellowship. October 20, 2005. Archived from the original (http://opendocumentfellowship.com/
press/2005-10-20) on March 23, 2008. Retrieved June 21, 2010.

57. Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (May 4, 2006). "Coming soon: ODF for MS Office" (https://web.archi
ve.org/web/20221221214316/https://www.debianhelp.co.uk/coming-soon-odf-for-ms-office.ht
ml) . DebianHelp. Archived from the original on December 21, 2022. Retrieved June 21, 2010.

58. "Microsoft Expands Document Interoperability" (https://web.archive.org/web/2007020416052

9/http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/2006/jul06/07-06OpenSourceProjectPR.msp
x) . Microsoft. July 5, 2006. Archived from the original (http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/
press/2006/jul06/07-06OpenSourceProjectPR.mspx) on February 4, 2007. Retrieved June 21,
2010.

59. Jones, Brian; Rajabi, Zeyad (July 6, 2006). "Open XML Translator project announced (ODF
support for Office)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100118181302/http://blogs.msdn.com/bri
an_jones/archive/2006/07/05/657510.aspx) . Office Solutions. Microsoft. Archived from the
original (http://blogs.msdn.com/brian_jones/archive/2006/07/05/657510.aspx) on January
18, 2010. Retrieved April 24, 2013.
60. LaMonica, Martin (February 1, 2007). "Microsoft to release ODF document converter" (https://
web.archive.org/web/20131012044009/http://news.cnet.com/Microsoft-to-release-ODF-docu
ment-converter/2100-1046_3-6155585.html) . CNet News. Archived from the original (http://n
ews.cnet.com/Microsoft-to-release-ODF-document-converter/2100-1046_3-6155585.html)
on October 12, 2013. Retrieved April 24, 2013.

61. Lombardi, Candace (February 7, 2007). "Sun to release ODF translator for Microsoft Office" (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/20110510085757/http://news.cnet.com/Sun-to-release-ODF-transla
tor-for-Microsoft-Office/2100-1012_3-6157189.html) . CNET. Archived from the original (htt
p://news.cnet.com/Sun-to-release-ODF-translator-for-Microsoft-Office/2100-1012_3-6157189.h
tml) on May 10, 2011. Retrieved June 21, 2010.

62. Paul, Ryan (July 7, 2007). "Sun releases ODF Plugin 1.0 for Microsoft Office" (https://arstechnic
a.com/journals/linux.ars/2007/07/07/sun-releases-odf-plugin-1-0-for-microsoft-office) . Ars
Technica. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20081016090840/http://arstechnica.com/jo
urnals/linux.ars/2007/07/07/sun-releases-odf-plugin-1-0-for-microsoft-office) from the
original on October 16, 2008. Retrieved June 21, 2010.

63. "Download details: 2007 Microsoft Office Add-in: Microsoft Save as PDF or XPS" (http://www.m
icrosoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?displaylang=en&FamilyID=4d951911-3e7e-4ae6-b059-a
2e79ed87041) . Microsoft.com. November 8, 2006. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20
100618201506/http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=4D951911-3E7E
-4AE6-B059-A2E79ED87041&displaylang=en) from the original on June 18, 2010. Retrieved
June 21, 2010.

64. Microsoft to remove PDF support from Office 2007 in wake of Adobe dispute, Friday, June 2,
2006 Microsoft to remove PDF support from Office 2007 in wake of Adobe dispute | TG Daily (h
ttp://www.tgdaily.com/content/view/26786/118/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20
090201042942/http://www.tgdaily.com/content/view/26786/118/) February 1, 2009, at the
Wayback Machine

65. Klein, Matt. "Word Formatting: Mastering Styles and Document Themes" (https://www.howtoge
ek.com/school/microsoft-word-document-formatting-essentials/lesson5/) . How-To Geek.
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190709204809/https://www.howtogeek.com/schoo
l/microsoft-word-document-formatting-essentials/lesson5/) from the original on July 9,
2019. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
66. "Change the Normal template (Normal.dotm )" (https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/ch
ange-the-normal-template-normal-dotm-06de294b-d216-47f6-ab77-ccb5166f98ea) .
support.microsoft.com. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210520001124/https://supp
ort.microsoft.com/en-us/office/change-the-normal-template-normal-dotm-06de294b-d216-47f
6-ab77-ccb5166f98ea) from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved May 20, 2021.

67. in-depth explanation of Normal.dot (http://pubs.logicalexpressions.com/Pub0009/LPMArticle.

asp?ID=151) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20050620082713/http://pubs.logicalexp
ressions.com/Pub0009/LPMArticle.asp?ID=151) June 20, 2005, at the Wayback Machine

68. "Edit SVG images in Microsoft Office 365" (https://support.office.com/en-us/article/edit-svg-im

ages-in-microsoft-office-365-69f29d39-194a-4072-8c35-dbe5e7ea528c) . Office Support.
Microsoft. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181106162647/https://support.office.co
m/en-us/article/edit-svg-images-in-microsoft-office-365-69f29d39-194a-4072-8c35-dbe5e7ea5
28c) from the original on November 6, 2018. Retrieved February 4, 2019.

69. What's new in Word 2010 (http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/word-help/what-s-new-in-word-20

10-HA010372687.aspx) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100618035713/http://offic
e.microsoft.com/en-us/word-help/what-s-new-in-word-2010-HA010372687.aspx) June 18,
2010, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved July 1, 2010.

70. Improving the look of papers written in Microsoft Word (http://jeffhuang.com/better_word_pap

ers.html) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100526134119/http://jeffhuang.com/bet
ter_word_papers.html) May 26, 2010, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved May 30, 2010.

71. How to Enable OpenType Ligatures in Word 2010 (http://www.orzeszek.org/blog/2009/05/17/

how-to-enable-opentype-ligatures-in-word-2010/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/200
90611050447/http://www.orzeszek.org/blog/2009/05/17/how-to-enable-opentype-ligatures-in
-word-2010/) June 11, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, Oreszek Blog, May 17, 2009.

72. Such as "How to delete a blank page in Word" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100505105925/

http://sbarnhill.mvps.org/WordFAQs/BlankPage.htm) . Sbarnhill.mvps.org. Archived from the
original (http://sbarnhill.mvps.org/WordFAQs/BlankPage.htm) on May 5, 2010. Retrieved
June 21, 2010.

73. Alan Wood. "Unicode and Multilingual Editors and Word Processors for Mac OS X" (http://www.
alanwood.net/unicode/utilities_editors_macosx.html) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/we
b/20140114080658/http://alanwood.net/unicode/utilities_editors_macosx.html) from the
original on January 14, 2014. Retrieved December 3, 2013.
74. Neuburg, Matt (May 19, 2004). "TidBITS : Word Up! Word 2004, That Is" (https://archive.today/2
0120708192529/http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=07715) . Db.tidbits.com. Archived
from the original (http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=07715) on July 8, 2012. Retrieved
June 21, 2010.

75. "Automatically numbering equations and other equation-related questions in Word for Mac
2011" (https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/msoffice/forum/all/automatically-numbering-equ
ations-and-other/c3c4e43f-2ed1-438c-9810-09f884760ff5?page=2) . Microsoft Community.
February 6, 2013.

76. McGhie, John (March 26, 2011). "Word's numbering explained" (http://word.mvps.org/FAQs/Nu
mbering/WordsNumberingExplained.htm) . word.mvps.org. Archived (https://web.archive.org/
web/20150209033637/http://word.mvps.org/faqs/numbering/WordsNumberingExplained.ht
m) from the original on February 9, 2015. Retrieved January 10, 2015.

77. Aldis, Margaret (March 26, 2011). "Methods for restarting list numbering" (http://word.mvps.or
g/FAQs/Numbering/ListRestartMethods.htm) . Word.mvps.org. Archived (https://web.archive.
org/web/20070509134228/http://word.mvps.org/faqs/numbering/ListRestartMethods.htm)
from the original on May 9, 2007. Retrieved April 25, 2007.

78. "How To Access Auto Summarize in Microsoft Word 2007" (https://www.word-tips.com/auto-s

ummarize/) . Sue's Word Tips. December 14, 2011. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20
190709204810/https://www.word-tips.com/auto-summarize/) from the original on July 9,
2019. Retrieved July 9, 2019.

79. Gore, Karenna (February 9, 1997). "Cognito Auto Sum" (http://www.slate.com/id/2419) . Slate.
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100627072528/http://www.slate.com/id/2419)
from the original on June 27, 2010. Retrieved June 21, 2010.

80. Changes in Word 2010 (for IT pros) (https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc179199)

Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170826175549/https://technet.microsoft.com/en-u
s/library/cc179199) August 26, 2017, at the Wayback Machine. Technet.microsoft.com (May
16, 2012). Retrieved July 17, 2013.

81. "Use the Spike to cut and paste multiple items in Word" (https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/
office/use-the-spike-to-cut-and-paste-multiple-items-in-word-f378c7af-5116-4df7-97f1-1a4780
e4c8e1) . Microsoft. Retrieved July 7, 2023.

82. Harkins, Susan (August 11, 2022). "How to use hidden text to make one document do the work
of two in Microsoft Word" (https://www.techrepublic.com/article/use-hidden-text-word/) .
TechRepublic.
83. "Password protect documents, workbooks, and presentations" (http://office.microsoft.com/en-
us/word-help/password-protect-documents-workbooks-and-presentations-HA010148333.asp
x) . Microsoft Office website. Microsoft. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140212134
311/http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/word-help/password-protect-documents-workbooks-an
d-presentations-HA010148333.aspx) from the original on February 12, 2014. Retrieved
April 24, 2013.

84. "How to Restrict Editing in Word 2010/2007" (http://www.trickyways.com/2010/06/how-to-rest

rict-editing-in-word-2010-2007/) . Trickyways. June 22, 2010. Archived (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20100626230112/http://www.trickyways.com/2010/06/how-to-restrict-editing-in-word-
2010-2007/) from the original on June 26, 2010. Retrieved April 24, 2010.

85. "How safe is Word encryption. Is it secure?" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130417033732/ht

tp://www.oraxcel.com/projects/encoffice/help/How_safe_is_Word_encryption.html) .
Oraxcel.com. Archived from the original (http://www.oraxcel.com/projects/encoffice/help/How
_safe_is_Word_encryption.html) on April 17, 2013. Retrieved April 24, 2013.

86. Rose, Daniel. "Microsoft Office for Windows NT" (https://web.archive.org/web/2015012706334

2/http://www.danielsays.com/ss-gallery-winnt2k-ms-office-nt.html) . DanielSays.com –
Daniel's Legacy Computer Collections. Archived from the original (http://www.danielsays.com/s
s-gallery-winnt2k-ms-office-nt.html) on January 27, 2015. Retrieved May 15, 2015.

87. Ericson, Richard (October 11, 2006). "Final Review: The Lowdown on Office 2007" (http://www.c
omputerworld.com/s/article/9003994/Final_Review_The_Lowdown_on_Office_2007?taxonom
yId=18&pageNumber=2) . Computerworld. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/201106292
00448/http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9003994/Final_Review_The_Lowdown_on_Of
fice_2007?taxonomyId=18&pageNumber=2) from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved
November 8, 2010.

88. Lowe, Scott (December 11, 2006). "An introduction to the Microsoft Office 2007 ribbon
interface" (https://www.techrepublic.com/article/an-introduction-to-the-microsoft-office-2007-r
ibbon-interface/) . TechRepublic. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211214213953/htt
ps://www.techrepublic.com/article/an-introduction-to-the-microsoft-office-2007-ribbon-interfac
e/) from the original on December 14, 2021. Retrieved December 14, 2021.

89. Shultz, Greg (February 25, 2009). "Be ready for new and improved applets in Windows 7" (http
s://web.archive.org/web/20211214213955/https://www.techrepublic.com/blog/windows-and-
office/be-ready-for-new-and-improved-applets-in-windows-7/) . TechRepublic. Archived from
the original (https://www.techrepublic.com/blog/windows-and-office/be-ready-for-new-and-im
proved-applets-in-windows-7/) on December 14, 2021. Retrieved December 14, 2021.
90. Lowe, Scott (January 26, 2007). "Explore what is new and different in Microsoft Word 2007" (ht
tps://www.techrepublic.com/article/explore-what-is-new-and-different-in-microsoft-word-200
7/) . TechRepublic. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211214213955/https://www.tec
hrepublic.com/article/explore-what-is-new-and-different-in-microsoft-word-2007/) from the
original on December 14, 2021. Retrieved December 14, 2021.

91. Mendelson, Edward (May 11, 2010). "Microsoft Office 2010" (https://www.pcmag.com/article
2/0,2817,2362921,00.asp) . PC Magazine. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/201604291
74848/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2362921,00.asp) from the original on April
29, 2016. Retrieved November 8, 2010.

92. Mendelson, Edward (May 11, 2010). "Microsoft Office 2010: Office 2010's Backstage View" (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/20101202043605/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2362923,
00.asp) . PC Magazine. Archived from the original (https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2
362923,00.asp) on December 2, 2010. Retrieved November 8, 2010.

93. Mendelson, Edward (May 11, 2010). "Microsoft Office 2010: Lots of Graphics Options" (https://
web.archive.org/web/20100424202035/https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2362924,00.
asp) . PC Magazine. Archived from the original (https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,236
2924,00.asp) on April 24, 2010. Retrieved December 14, 2021.

94. "Introduction to Word Web App" (http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/web-apps-help/introduction

-to-word-web-app-HA010378341.aspx) . Microsoft. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20
101129062236/http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/web-apps-help/introduction-to-word-web-ap
p-HA010378341.aspx) from the original on November 29, 2010. Retrieved November 8, 2010.

95. "Microsoft Word 1.x (Mac)" (https://winworldpc.com/product/microsoft-word/1x-mac) .

WinWorld. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211222235427/https://winworldpc.com/p
roduct/microsoft-word/1x-mac) from the original on December 22, 2021. Retrieved
December 22, 2021.

96. McLean, Prince (November 12, 2007). "Road to Mac Office 2008: an introduction (Page 3)" (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/20110707153946/http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/07/11/12/r
oad_to_mac_office_2008_an_introduction.html%26page%3D3) . AppleInsider. Archived from
the original (http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/07/11/12/road_to_mac_office_2008_an_intr
oduction.html&page=3) on July 7, 2011. Retrieved November 7, 2010.

97. Tetrault, Gregory (January 2001). "Review: Microsoft Office 2001" (http://www.atpm.com/7.01/
office.shtml) . ATPM: About This Particular Macintosh. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/
20101120035246/http://atpm.com/7.01/office.shtml) from the original on November 20,
2010. Retrieved November 7, 2010.
 98. Negrino, Tom (February 1, 2002). "Review: Microsoft Office v. X" (https://web.archive.org/web/
20100818084538/http://www.macworld.com/reviews/product/407306/review/microsoft_offic
e_overall_rating.html) . MacWorld. Archived from the original (http://www.macworld.com/revi
ews/product/407306/review/microsoft_office_overall_rating.html) on August 18, 2010.
Retrieved November 7, 2010.

99. Lunsford, Kelly; Michaels, Philip; Snell, Jason (March 3, 2004). "Office 2004: First Look" (https://
web.archive.org/web/20100625001248/http://www.macworld.com/article/29728/2004/03/of
fice2004firstlook.html) . MacWorld. Archived from the original (http://www.macworld.com/art
icle/29728/2004/03/office2004firstlook.html) on June 25, 2010. Retrieved November 7,
2010.

100. Friedberg, Steve (May 25, 2004). "Review: Microsoft Office" (https://web.archive.org/web/2010
0405220059/http://www.macnn.com/reviews/microsoft-office.html) . MacNN. Archived from
the original (http://www.macnn.com/reviews/microsoft-office.html) on April 5, 2010.
Retrieved November 7, 2010.

101. McLean, Prince (November 14, 2007). "Road to Mac Office 2008: Word '08 vs Pages 3.0" (htt
p://www.appleinsider.com/articles/07/11/14/road_to_mac_office_2008_word_08_vs_pages_3_
0.html) . AppleInsider. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20101206164346/http://www.a
ppleinsider.com/articles/07/11/14/road_to_mac_office_2008_word_08_vs_pages_3_0.html)
from the original on December 6, 2010. Retrieved November 7, 2010.

102. McLean, Prince (November 12, 2007). "Road to Mac Office 2008: an introduction (Page 4)" (htt
ps://web.archive.org/web/20110707153958/http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/07/11/12/r
oad_to_mac_office_2008_an_introduction.html%26page%3D4) . AppleInsider. Archived from
the original (http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/07/11/12/road_to_mac_office_2008_an_intr
oduction.html&page=4) on July 7, 2011. Retrieved November 7, 2010.

103. McLean, Prince (March 29, 2010). "New Office 11 for Mac sports dense ribbons of buttons" (htt
p://www.appleinsider.com/articles/10/03/29/new_office_11_for_mac_sports_dense_ribbons_o
f_buttons.html) . AppleInsider. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20101124085400/htt
p://www.appleinsider.com/articles/10/03/29/new_office_11_for_mac_sports_dense_ribbons_o
f_buttons.html) from the original on November 24, 2010. Retrieved November 7, 2010.

104. Dilger, Daniel Eran (October 25, 2010). "Review: Microsoft's Office 2011 for Mac (Page 2)" (http
s://web.archive.org/web/20101028082955/http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/10/10/25/re
view_microsofts_office_2011_for_mac.html%26page%3D2) . Apple Insider. Archived from the
original (http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/10/10/25/review_microsofts_office_2011_for_
mac.html&page=2) on October 28, 2010. Retrieved November 7, 2010.
105. "Differences between Word 2021 and Word 2024" (https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/
what-s-new-in-word-2024-for-windows-and-mac-9fe36ecd-820b-4f42-a9a2-0861f7615954) .
Microsoft. September 16, 2024.

106. Friedland, Nat (March 1987). "Today's Atari Corp.: A close up look inside" (http://www.atarimag
azines.com/v5n11/ataricorp.html) . Antic. Vol. 5, no. 11. Retrieved January 13, 2014.

107. Chadwick, Ian (Summer 1988). "Feature Review: Microsoft Write – Was it worth the wait?" (htt
p://www.atarimagazines.com/startv3n1/microsoftwrite.html) . STart. Vol. 3, no. 1. Retrieved
January 13, 2014.

108. "New From Atari (Special Issue Number Two, 1988, pages 14)" (https://archive.org/details/star
tissue03winter1986/STart%20Issue%2009%20%28Special%20Issue%20%201988%29/page/n1
3/mode/2up) . STart.

109. "COMDEX '88: The Computer Dealers Exposition (Summer 1988, Volume 3, Number 1, pages 8 -
13, 77 - 83)" (https://archive.org/details/ST_Log_Magazine_Issue_23/page/n7/mode/2up) .
ST Log.

110. "Looking Back At 10 Years Of Microsoft 365 Making History (January 11, 2023)" (https://www.
microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365-life-hacks/stories/looking-back-ten-years-microsoft-36
5) . Microsoft.

111. "New ST Word Processing Entries Microsoft Write" (https://www.atarimagazines.com/v7n5/Ne

wSTWordProcessors.html) . Antic.

112. "MICROSOFT WRITE: Was It Worth The Wait? (Summer 1988, Volume 3, Number 1, pages 36 -
38)" (https://archive.org/details/startissue03winter1986/STart%20Issue%2012%20%28Summe
r%201988%29/page/n35/mode/2up) . STart.

113. "Microsoft Write A word-processing program for all MEGA and ST computers User's Manual" (h
ttps://www.atarimania.com/st/files/microsoft_write_microsoft_manual.pdf) (PDF).
Atarimania.

114. "FEATURE REVIEW MICROSOFT WRITE Was It Worth The Wait?" (https://www.atarimagazines.c
om/startv3n1/microsoftwrite.html) . STart.

115. Flynn, Laurie (October 26, 1987). "Microsoft Pursues Mac Write With Low-End Word Processor"
(https://books.google.com/books?id=_z4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA45) . InfoWorld. Vol. 9, no. 43.
InfoWorld Media Group. p. 45. ISSN 0199-6649 (https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0199-664
9) . Retrieved January 13, 2014.
116. "First Handheld PCs Based on Microsoft's H/PC Pro Edition Software Expected in Stores Later
This Year" (https://news.microsoft.com/1998/10/09/first-handheld-pcs-based-on-microsofts-h
pc-pro-edition-software-expected-in-stores-later-this-year/) . Stories. October 9, 1998.
Retrieved December 6, 2024.

117. "Word Mobile" (http://apps.microsoft.com/store/detail/word-mobile/9WZDNCRFJB9S?hl=en-u

s&gl=us) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230329233135/https://apps.microsoft.c
om/store/detail/word-mobile/9WZDNCRFJB9S?hl=en-us&gl=us) from the original on March
29, 2023. Retrieved March 29, 2023.

118. Ralph, Nate. "Office for Windows Phone 8: Your handy starter guide" (https://web.archive.org/w
eb/20141015060254/http://www.techhive.com/article/2025977/office-for-windows-phone-8-y
our-handy-starter-guide.html) . TechHive. Archived from the original (http://www.techhive.co
m/article/2025977/office-for-windows-phone-8-your-handy-starter-guide.html) on October
15, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2014.

119. Wollman, Dana (June 14, 2013). "Microsoft Office Mobile for iPhone hands-on" (https://www.en
gadget.com/2013/06/14/microsoft-office-mobile-for-iphone-hands-on/) . Engadget. Archived
(https://web.archive.org/web/20140903102756/http://www.engadget.com/2013/06/14/micro
soft-office-mobile-for-iphone-hands-on/) from the original on September 3, 2014. Retrieved
August 30, 2014.

120. Pogue, David (June 19, 2013). "Microsoft Adds Office for iPhone. Yawn" (https://www.nytimes.
com/2013/06/20/technology/personaltech/microsoft-office-for-the-iphone-is-here-yawn.htm
l) . The New York Times. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140722005603/http://ww
w.nytimes.com/2013/06/20/technology/personaltech/microsoft-office-for-the-iphone-is-here-y
awn.html) from the original on July 22, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2014.

121. Mashirenko, Vladislav (July 3, 2023). "How to insert a checkbox in Word | Tab-TV" (https://ww
w.tab-tv.com/how-to-insert-a-checkbox-in-word/) . www.tab-tv.com. Archived (https://web.arc
hive.org/web/20230704155725/https://www.tab-tv.com/how-to-insert-a-checkbox-in-word/)
from the original on July 4, 2023. Retrieved July 4, 2023.

122. Unsupported Features in Word Mobile (http://www.microsoft.com/windowsmobile/help/pocke

tpc/unsupportedword.mspx) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20090314233206/htt
p://www.microsoft.com/windowsmobile/help/pocketpc/unsupportedword.mspx) March 14,
2009, at the Wayback Machine. Microsoft. Retrieved September 21, 2007.
123. Koenigsbauer, Kirk; Microsoft 365, Corporate Vice President for (July 29, 2015). "Office Mobile
apps for Windows 10 are here!" (https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/blog/2015/
07/29/office-mobile-apps-for-windows-10-are-here/) . Microsoft 365 Blog. Archived (https://w
eb.archive.org/web/20200712164949/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/blog/
2015/07/29/office-mobile-apps-for-windows-10-are-here/) from the original on July 12, 2020.
Retrieved July 11, 2020.

124. "Office Apps for Windows 10 Mobile: End of Support for Windows Phones" (http://techcommun
ity.microsoft.com/t5/microsoft-365-blog/office-apps-for-windows-10-mobile-end-of-support-fo
r-windows/ba-p/1050049) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230329233135/https://
techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/microsoft-365-blog/office-apps-for-windows-10-mobile-end-
of-support-for-windows/ba-p/1050049) from the original on March 29, 2023. Retrieved
March 29, 2023.

125. Cunningham, Andrew (March 27, 2014). "Microsoft brings Office to iPad, makes iPhone version
free to all" (https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2014/03/microsoft-brings-word-excel-and-power
point-to-the-ipad-today/) . Ars Technica. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230307183
411/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2014/03/microsoft-brings-word-excel-and-powerpoint-t
o-the-ipad-today/) from the original on March 7, 2023. Retrieved January 27, 2023.

126. Lardinois, Frederic (January 29, 2015). "Microsoft's Office For Android Tablets Comes Out Of
Preview" (https://techcrunch.com/2015/01/29/microsofts-office-for-android-tablets-comes-ou
t-of-preview/?guccounter=1) . TechCrunch. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/202303071
83412/https://techcrunch.com/2015/01/29/microsofts-office-for-android-tablets-comes-out-o
f-preview/?guccounter=1) from the original on March 7, 2023. Retrieved January 28, 2023.

127. Bradley, Tony (February 2, 2015). "Office Online vs. Office 365: What's free, what's not, and what
you really need" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170724204611/http://www.pcworld.com/arti
cle/2872072/office-online-vs-office-365-what-s-free-what-s-not-and-what-you-really-need.htm
l) . PC World. Archived from the original (https://www.pcworld.com/article/2872072/office-onl
ine-vs-office-365-what-s-free-what-s-not-and-what-you-really-need.html) on July 24, 2017.
Retrieved July 16, 2020.

128. Ansaldo, Michael (September 28, 2017). "Microsoft Office Online review: Work with your
favorite Office formats for free" (https://www.pcworld.com/article/3226384/microsoft-office-o
nline-review-office-alternative.html) . PC World. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190
704092800/https://www.pcworld.com/article/3226384/microsoft-office-online-review-office-al
ternative.html) from the original on July 4, 2019. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
129. "Differences between using a document in the browser and in Word" (https://web.archive.org/
web/20171107030828/https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Differences-between-using-a-
document-in-the-browser-and-in-Word-3e863ce3-e82c-4211-8f97-5b33c36c55f8) . Office
Support. Microsoft. Archived from the original (https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Differe
nces-between-using-a-document-in-the-browser-and-in-Word-3e863ce3-e82c-4211-8f97-5b33c
36c55f8) on November 7, 2017. Retrieved November 1, 2017.

130. Cameron, Janet (September 1984). "Word Processing Revisited" (https://archive.org/stream/by

te-magazine-1984-09/1984_09_BYTE_09-09_Guide_to_the_IBM_PCs#page/n171/mode/2up) .
BYTE (review). p. 171. Retrieved October 23, 2013.

131. Manes, Stephen (February 21, 1984). "The Unfinished Word" (https://books.google.com/book
s?id=UCIvSU6Y2GAC&pg=192) . PC Magazine. p. 192. Retrieved October 19, 2021.

132. McNeill, Dan (December 1987). "Macintosh: The Word Explosion" (https://archive.org/stream/C
OMPUTEs_Apple_Applications_Vol._5_No._2_Issue_6_1987-12_COMPUTE_Publications_US#p
age/n55/mode/2up) . Compute!'s Apple Applications. pp. 54–60. Retrieved September 14,
2016.

133. Nimersheim, Jack (December 1989). "Compute! Specific: MS-DOS" (https://archive.org/strea

m/1989-12-compute-magazine/Compute_Issue_115_1989_Dec#page/n11/mode/2up) .
Compute!. pp. 11–12.

134. "Data Stream". Next Generation. No. 21. Imagine Media. September 1996. p. 21.

135. "Looking back at 10 years of Microsoft 365 making history" (https://www.microsoft.com/en-u

s/microsoft-365-life-hacks/stories/looking-back-ten-years-microsoft-365#:~:text=In%20Januar
y%202013,%20Office%20365,20%20GB%20of%20SkyDrive%20storage.) . Microsoft 365.
Retrieved October 23, 2024.

136. "Opus Development Postmortem" (http://antitrust.slated.org/www.iowaconsumercase.org/011

607/8000/PX08875.pdf) (PDF). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190214223858/htt
p://antitrust.slated.org/www.iowaconsumercase.org/011607/8000/PX08875.pdf) (PDF)
from the original on February 14, 2019. Retrieved December 27, 2018.

137. "Microsoft Word 1.x (Windows) – Stats, Downloads and Screenshots :: WinWorld" (https://win
worldpc.com/product/microsoft-word/1x) . WinWorld. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/
20160819015845/https://winworldpc.com/product/microsoft-word/1x) from the original on
August 19, 2016. Retrieved July 3, 2016.
138. Shustek, Len (March 24, 2014). "Microsoft Word for Windows Version 1.1a Source Code" (htt
p://www.computerhistory.org/_static/atchm/microsoft-word-for-windows-1-1a-source-cod
e/) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140328142332/http://www.computerhistory.or
g/_static/atchm/microsoft-word-for-windows-1-1a-source-code/) from the original on March
28, 2014. Retrieved March 29, 2014.

139. Levin, Roy (March 25, 2014). "Microsoft makes source code for MS-DOS and Word for
Windows available to public" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140328094124/http://blogs.tech
net.com/b/microsoft_blog/archive/2014/03/25/microsoft-makes-source-code-for-ms-dos-and
-word-for-windows-available-to-public.aspx) . Official Microsoft Blog. Archived from the
original (http://blogs.technet.com/b/microsoft_blog/archive/2014/03/25/microsoft-makes-so
urce-code-for-ms-dos-and-word-for-windows-available-to-public.aspx) on March 28, 2014.
Retrieved March 29, 2014.

140. "Office 14" (https://office-watch.com/2007/office-14/) . Office Watch. June 1, 2007. Archived

(https://web.archive.org/web/20160808223916/https://office-watch.com/2007/office-14/)
from the original on August 8, 2016. Retrieved June 13, 2016. "For the sake of superstition the
next version of Office won't be called '13'."

141. Marshall, Martin (January 8, 1990). "SCO Begins Shipping Microsoft Word 5.0 for Unix and
Xenix" (https://books.google.com/books?id=dzAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PP6) . InfoWorld. p. 6.
Retrieved May 20, 2021.

142. "Microsoft Word: SCO announces Word for Unix Systems Version 5.1" (https://link.gale.com/ap
ps/doc/A10486452/ITOF?u=wikipedia&sid=ITOF&xid=f7901228) . EDGE: Work-Group
Computing Report. March 11, 1991. p. 33. Retrieved May 20, 2021 – via Gale General OneFile.

Further reading

Tsang, Cheryl. Microsoft: First Generation. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 978-0-471-
33206-0.

Liebowitz, Stan J. & Margolis, Stephen E. Winners, Losers & Microsoft: Competition and Antitrust in
High Technology Oakland: Independent Institute. ISBN 978-0-945999-80-5.

External links

Official website (https://www.microsoft.com/microsoft-365/word)

Find and replace text by using regular expressions (Advanced) (https://web.archive.org/web/2014

0209231503/http://office.microsoft.com/en-ca/word-help/find-and-replace-text-by-using-regular-
expressions-advanced-HA102350661.aspx) - archived official support website