Std 9 - Operators in Java

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1

The statement n += 4 is equivalent to:

1. ++n
2. n=n+4 ✓
3. n+1
4. none

Question 2

What will be the output of a & b in the following, if int a, b; a=10; b=a++;

1. 10,10
2. 10,11
3. 11,10 ✓
4. 11,11

Question 3

What will be the output of a++ when int a = -1;

1. 1
2. -1
3. 0✓
4. none

Question 4

If int a = 25, b = 5, c = 0; what value is stored in c? When c = a % b;

1. 5.0
2. 5
3. 0✓
4. none

Question 5
What is the result of the following in Java statement?

int m=8;
m*=8;
System.out.println("The output =" + m);

1. 8
2. 64 ✓
3. 16
4. 88

Explanation:

m*=8 m=m*8

m=8*8

m=64

Question 6

double c;
int x, y, z;
x = 5; y = 10; z = 11;
c = x*y+z/2;

The value stored in c is:

1. 55.0 ✓
2. 55.5
3. 55
4. none

Explanation

⇒ c = 5 * 10 + 11 / 2
c=x*y+z/2

⇒ c = 5 * 10 + 5
⇒ c = 50 + 5
⇒ c = 55.0
Question 7

int m, p;
m = 5;
p = 0;
p = m-- + --m;

The output will be:

1. 11
2. 10
3. 8✓
4. 12

Explanation

⇒p=5+3
p = m-- + --m;

⇒p=8

Question 8

int a=7, p=0, q=0;

p= ++a + --a;
q -= p;

The output of q will be:

1. 13
2. 14
3. 15
4. -15 ✓

Explanation

⇒p=8+7
p = ++a + --a

⇒ p = 15

⇒q=q-p
q -= p

⇒ q = 0 - 15
⇒ q = -15
Write the Java expressions for the following:

Regular Expression Java Expression

p = a2 + bc p=a*a+b*c

m = a2 - b2 / (ab) m = (a * a - b * b) / (a * b)

s = ut + (1/2)at2 s = u * t + (1.0 / 2) * a * t * t

f = uv / (u + v) f = u * v / (u + v)

(a + b)2 + b (a + b) * (a + b) + b

y = 2(lb + bh + lh) y = 2 * (l * b + b * h + l *h )

a2 + b2 a*a+b*b

z = x3 + y3 - xy / 3 z=x*x*x+y*y*y-x*y/3

Answer the following questions

1. What is an operator?

An operator is a symbol or sign used to specify an operation to be performed in Java

programming.

2. Name the different types of operators.

The different types of operators are Arithmetical, Logical and Relational.

3. Explain the following:

(a) Arithmetical operator

Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical operations on its operands.
Operands of arithmetic operators must be of numeric type. A few arithmetic operators
operate upon one operand. They are called Unary Arithmetic operators. Other
arithmetic operators operate upon two operands. They are called Binary Arithmetic
operators. As an example consider the below statement:
int a = 10 + 20;
Here, the addition arithmetic operator, represented by the symbol + will add 10 and 20.
So variable a will be 30.

(b) Relational operator

Relational operators are used to determine the relationship between the operands.
Relational operators compare their operands to check if the operands are equal to
( == ), not equal to ( != ), less than ( < ), less than equal to ( <= ), greater than ( > ),
greater than equal to ( >= ) each other. The result of an operation involving relation
operators is a boolean value — true or false.
Example:
int a = 8;
int b = 10;
boolean c = a < b;
Here, as a is less than b so the result of a < b is true. Hence, boolean
variable c becomes true.

(c) Logical operator

Logical operators operate on boolean expressions to combine the results of these
boolean expression into a single boolean value.
Example:
int a = 7;
int b = 10;
boolean c = a < b && a % 2 == 0;
Here, the result of first boolean expression a < b is true and the result of second
boolean expression a % 2 is false. The logical AND operator ( && ) combines
these true and false boolean values and gives a resultant boolean value as false.
So, boolean variable c becomes false.
(d) Unary operator
Operators that act on one operand are called as Unary operators. Unary +, unary -, ++,
--, etc. are some unary operators in Java.

(e) New operator

new operator is used to instantiate an object by dynamically allocating memory for it.

(f) Binary operator

Operators that act on two operands are called as Binary operators.

4. What is a Ternary operator? Explain with the help of an example.

condition ? expression 1 : expression 2

Ternary operator evaluates the condition. If the condition is true then result of ternary
operator is the value of expression 1. Otherwise the result is the value of expression 2.
Example:
boolean isLeapYear = true;
int febDays = isLeapYear ? 29 : 28;
Here, the ternary operator checks if the value of boolean variable isLeapYear is true
or false. As it is true, expression 1, which in this example is the value 29, is the result of
the ternary operator. So, int variable febDays becomes 29.
5. Differentiate between the following:

(a) Arithmetical operator and Logical operator

Arithmetical Operator Logical Operator

Logical operators operate on boolean

Arithmetic operators are used to perform
expressions to combine the results of these
mathematical operations.
boolean expression into a single boolean value.

+, -, *, /, etc. are a few examples of &&, ||, ! are a few examples of Logical
Arithmetic operators. Operators

(b) Binary operator and Ternary operator

Binary operator Ternary operator

Binary operators work on two operands. Ternary operator work on three operands.

+, -, *, /, etc. are a few examples of Binary The conditional operator ? : is a Ternary

operators. operator.

(c) Logical AND (&&) and Logical OR(||)

Logical AND (&&) Logical OR(||)

It evaluates to true only if both of its It evaluates to true if one or both of its
operands are true. operands are true.

(d) Prefix operator and Postfix operator

Prefix Operator Postfix Operator

It works on the principle of CHANGE- It works on the principle of USE-THEN-

THEN-USE. CHANGE.

It is written before the operand. It is written after the operand.

(e) System.out.print( ) and System.out.println( )

System.out.print( ) System.out.println( )

It prints data to the console but the cursor

It prints data to the console and places the
remains at the end of the data in the same
cursor in the next line.
line.

Next printing takes place from the same line. Next printing takes place from next line.

6.Differentiate between an operator and an expression.

An operator is a symbol or sign used to specify an operation to be performed whereas

an expression is a set of variables, constants and operators i.e. an expression is a
combination of operators and operands.

7. If m=5 and n=2 then what will be the output of m and n after execution that will store in
(a) & (b)?

(a) m -= n; (b) n = m + m/n;

Answer Answer

⇒m=m-n ⇒n=5+5/2
m -= n n = m + m/n

⇒m=5-2 ⇒n=5+2
⇒m=3 ⇒n=7

8.State the difference between = and ==.

= ==

It is the assignment operator used for It is the equality operator used to check if a
assigning a value to a variable. variable is equal to another variable or literal.

E.g. if (a == 10) checks if variable a is equal to

E.g. int a = 10; assigns 10 to variable a.
10 or not.
9. What will be the output for the following program segment?

int a=0,b=10,c=40;
a = --b + c++ +b;
System.out.println(" a = " + a);

Output

a = 58

Explanation

⇒ a = 9 + 40 + 9
a = --b + c++ + b

⇒ a = 58

10 . What will be the output of the following?

if x =5

(a) 5* ++x;

Answer

⇒5*6
5 * ++x

⇒ 30

(b) 5* x++;

Answer

⇒5*5
5 * x++

⇒ 25

11. Evaluate the following expressions, if the values of the variables are:
a = 2, b = 3, and c = 9

(a) a - (b++) * (--c);

Answer

⇒2-3*8
a - (b++) * (--c)

⇒2-3*8
⇒ 2 - 24
⇒ -22
(b) a * (++b) % c;

Answer

⇒ a * (++b) % c
a * (++b) % c

⇒ 2 * (4) % 9
⇒8%9
⇒8

12. If a = 5, b = 9, calculate the value of:

a += a++ - ++b + a;

Answer

⇒ a = a + (a++ - ++b + a)
a += a++ - ++b + a

⇒ a = 5 + (5 - 10 + 6)
⇒a=5+1
⇒a=6

13. Give the output of the program snippet.

int a = 10, b =12;

if(a>=10)
a++;
else
++b;
System.out.println(" a = " + a + " and b = " +b);

Output

a = 11 and b = 12

Explanation

The condition if(a>=10) is true so a++ increments a to 11. b remains the same.

14. Rewrite the following using ternary operator.

if(income<=100000)
tax = 0;
else
tax = (0.1*income);
Answer

tax = income <= 100000 ? 0 : (0.1*income);

15. Rewrite the following using ternary operator.

if(p>5000)
d = p*5/100;
else
d = 2*p/100;

Answer

d = p > 5000 ? p * 5 / 100 : 2 * p / 100;

Solutions to Unsolved Java Programs

Question 1

Write a program to find and display the value of the given expressions:

(a) (x + 3) / 6 - (2x + 5) / 3; taking the value of x = 5

public class solve1

{
public static void main() {
int x = 5;
double value = ((x + 3) / 6.0) - ((2 * x + 5) / 3.0);
System.out.println("Result = " + value);
}
}

Output

(b) a2 + b2 + c2 / abc; taking the values a=5,b=4,c=3

public class solve2
{
public static void main() {
int a = 5, b = 4, c = 3;
double value = (a * a + b * b + c * c) / (double)(a *
b * c);
System.out.println("Result = " + value);
}
}

Output

Question 2

A person is paid ₹350 for each day he works and fined ₹30 for each day he remains absent.
Write a program to calculate and display his monthly income, if he is present for 25 days and
remains absent for 5 days.

public class salary

{
public static void main() {
int salary = 25 * 350;
int fine = 5 * 30;
int netSalary = salary - fine;
System.out.println("Monthly Income = " + netSalary);
}
}

Output
Question 3

In a competitive examination, there were 150 questions. One candidate got 80% correct and
the other candidate 72% correct. Write a program to calculate and display the correct answers
each candidate got.

public class exam

{
public static void main() {
int totalQuestions = 150;
int c1 = (int)(80 / 100.0 * totalQuestions);
int c2 = (int)(72 / 100.0 * totalQuestions);
System.out.println("Correct Answers of Candidate 1 = "
+ c1);
System.out.println("Correct Answers of Candidate 2 = "
+ c2);
}
}

Output

Question 4

Write a program to find and display the percentage difference, when:

(a) a number is updated from 80 to 90

public class percentinc

{
public static void main() {
 int orgNum = 80;
int newNum = 90;
int inc = newNum - orgNum;
double p = inc / (double)orgNum * 100;
System.out.println("Percentage Difference = " + p +
"%");
}
}

Output

(b) a number is updated from 7.5 to 7.2

public class Percentdec

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
double orgNum = 7.5;
double newNum = 7.2;
double inc = newNum - orgNum;
double p = inc / orgNum * 100;
System.out.println("Percentage Difference = " + p +
"%");
}
}

Output

Question 5

The normal temperature of human body is 98.6°F. Write a program to convert the
temperature into degree Celsius and display the output.
Hint: c / 5 = f - 32 / 9
public class temp
{
public static void main() {
double f = 98.6;
double c = 5 * (f - 32) / 9.0;
System.out.println("Temperature in Degree Celsius = "
+ c);
}
}

Output

Question 6

The angles of a quadrilateral are in the ratio 3:4:5:6. Write a program to find and display all
of its angles. [Hint: The sum of angles of a quadrilateral = 360°]

public class QuadRatio

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
int r1 = 3, r2 = 4, r3 = 5, r4 = 6;
double x = 360 / (double)(r1 + r2 + r3 + r4);
double a = r1 * x;
double b = r2 * x;
double c = r3 * x;
double d = r4 * x;
System.out.println("Angle A = " + a);
System.out.println("Angle B = " + b);
System.out.println("Angle C = " + c);
System.out.println("Angle D = " + d);
}
}

Output