The Ratios and Identities 1.

13

TRIGONOMETRICAL RATIOS AND IDENTITIES 2 2

33. If 0 £ q £ 180° and 81sin q + 81cos q = 30 , then find the
16. If sec q + tan q = 3,where q lies in the first quadrant, value of q
then find the value of cos q. 34. Let fk(q) = sink(q) + cosk(q).
1
17. If cosec q – cot q = , then find the value of sin q 1 1
Then find the value of f 6 (q ) - f 4 (q )
5 6 4
18. If a = c cos q + d sin q and 35. If x sin a + y cos a = sin a cos a and x sin a = y cos a
3 3

b = c sin q – d cos q such that then prove that x2 + y2 = 1.

am + bn = cp + dq, where m, n, p, q ΠN 36. If tan q + sin q = m, tan q Рsin q = n, then prove that
then find the value of m + n + p + q + 42. m2 – n2 = 4 mn .
19. If 3 sin q + 4 cos q = 5, then find the value of cos 4 x sin 4 x
3 cos q – 4 sin q. 37. If + = 1 , then prove that
20. If x = r cos q sin j, y = r cos q cos j and z = r sin q such cos 2 y sin 2 y
that xm + yn + zp = r2, where m, n, p ΠN, then find the cos 4 y sin 4 y
+ =1
value of (m + n + p – 4)m + n + p + 4. cos 2 x sin 2 x
2 sin a
21. If x = , then find the value of 38. If fn(q) = sinn q + cosn q, prove that
1 + cos a + 3 sin a 2f6(q) – 3f4(q) + 1 = 0
sin a - 3 cos a + 3
. sin A cos A
2 - 2 cos a 39. If = p, = q , prove that
sin B cos B
22. If P = sec6 q – tan6 q – 3 sec2 q tan2 q, p Ê q2 - 1 ˆ
Q = cosec6 q – cot6 q – 3 cosec2 q cot2 q and tan A ◊ tan B = Á .
q Ë 1 - p 2 ˜¯
R = sin6 q + cos6 q + 3 sin2 q cos2 q, then find the value
of (P + Q + R)(P + Q + R). sin 4 a cos 4 a 1
40. If + = , then
Ê pˆ a b a+b
23. If 3 sin x + 4 cos x = 5, for all x in Á 0, ˜ ,
Ë 2¯ sin 8 a cos8 a 1
prove that + =
then find the value of 2 sin x + cos x + 4 tan x a3 b3 ( a + b )3
24. If sin A + sin B + sin C + 3 = 0, then find the value
of cos A + cos B + cos C + 10. MEASUREMENT OF DIFFERENT T-RATIOS
5 41. Find the value of
25. If (1 + sin q )(1 + cos q ) = ,
4 (i) sin 120°
then find the value of (1 – sin q)(1 – cos q). (ii) sin 150°
26. Find the minimum value of the expression (iii) sin 210°
(iv) sin 225°
9x 2 sin 2 x + 4
f (x) = , for all x in (0, p). (v) sin 300°
x sin x (vi) sin 330°
27. If cos q + sin q = 2 cos q , then (vii) sin 405°
(viii) sin 650°
prove that cos q - sin q = 2 sin q (ix) sin 1500°
28. If tan2 q = 1 – e2 then prove that (x) sin 2013°
sec q + tan3 q ◊ cosec q = (2 – e2)3/2 42. Find the value of
29. If sin q + sin2 q + sin3 q = 1, cos (1°) ◊ cos (2°) ◊ cos (3°)…cos (189°)
then prove that, 43. Find the value of
cos6 q – 4 cos4 q + 8 cos2 q = 4 tan (1°) ◊ tan (2°) ◊ tan (3°)…tan (89°)
44. Find the value of
2 sin q
30. If x = , then prove tan 35° ◊ tan 40° ◊ tan 45° ◊ tan 50° ◊ tan 55°
1 + cos q + sin q 45. Find the value of
1 - cos q + sin q sin (10°) + sin (20°) + sin (30°)
that =x + sin (40°) + … + sin (360°)
1 + sin q
46. Find the value of
31. Prove that 3(sin x – cos x)4 + 6(sin x + cos x)2 + cos (10°) + cos (20°) + cos (30°)
4(sin6x + cos6x) = 13. + cos (40°) + … + cos (360°)
32. If sin x + sin2 x = 1, then find the value of 47. Find the value of
cos8 x + 2 cos6 x + cos4 x sin2 5° + sin2 10° + sin2 15° + … + sin2 90°

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 1.14 Trigonometry Booster

48. Find the value of COMPOUND ANGLES

Êpˆ Êpˆ Ê 4p ˆ Ê 7p ˆ 64. Find the values of
sin 2 Á ˜ + sin 2 Á ˜ + sin 2 Á ˜ + sin 2 Á ˜
Ë 18 ¯ Ë 9¯ Ë 9 ¯ Ë 18 ¯ (i) sin (15°),
49. Find the value of (ii) cos (15°),
tan (20°) tan (25°) tan (45°) tan (65°) tan (70°) (iii) tan (15°)
50. Find the value of cos (q1) + cos (q2) + cos (q3) 65. Find the value of tan (75°) + cot (75°)
if sin (q1) + sin (q2) + sin (q3) = 3 66. Prove that cos (9°) + sin (9°) = 2 sin (54°)
51. Find the value of 67. Prove that tan (70°) = 2 tan (50°) + tan (20°)
sin2 6° + sin2 12° + … + sin2 90° cos 20∞ - sin 20∞
52. Find the value of 68. Prove that = tan 25°
cos 20∞ + sin 20∞
sin2 10° + sin2 20° + … + sin2 90°
cos 7∞ + sin 7∞
53. Find the value of 69. Prove that = tan 52°.
cos 7∞ - sin 7∞
sin2 9° + sin2 18° + … + sin2 90°
54. Find the value of 70. Prove that tan 20° + tan 25° + tan 20° tan 25° = 1.
tan 1° ◊ tan 2° ◊ tan 3° … tan 89° 71. If A + B = 45°, then find the
55. Find the value of value of (1 + tan A)(1 + tan B)
72. Find the value of
cos 1° ◊ cos 2° ◊ cos 3° … cos 189°
(1 + tan 245°)(1 + tan 250°)(1 + tan 260°)
56. Solve for q; 2 sin2q + 3 cos q = 0
(1 – tan 200°)(1 – tan 205°)(1 – tan 215°)
where 0 < q < 360°.
73. Prove that tan 13A – tan 9A – tan 4A
57. Solve for q; cos q + 3 sin q = 2 , = tan 4A ◊ tan 9A ◊ tan 13A
where 0 < q < 360°. 74. Prove that tan 9A – tan 7A – tan 2A
58. If 4na = p, then prove that = tan 2A ◊ tan 7A ◊ tan 9A
tan a tan 2a tan 3a... tan (2n –1)a = 1. m 1
59. Find the value of 75. If tan a = , tan b = ,
m +1 2m + 1
cos (18°) + cos (234°) + cos (162°) + cos (306°). p
60. Find the value of then prove that a + b = .
4
cos (20°) + cos (40°) + cos (60°) +… + cos (180°) 76. Prove that sin2 B
61. Find the value of = sin2A + sin2 (A – B) – 2 sin A cos B sin (A – B)
sin (20°) + sin (40°) + sin (60°) + … + sin (360°) 77. Prove that cos (2x + 2y)
62. Draw the graphs of = cos 2x cos 2y + cos2(x + y) – cos2(x – y)
(i) f (x) = sin x + 1 x- y
(ii) f (x) = sin x – 1 78. If sin q = ,
x+ y
(iii) f (x) = –sin x Êp qˆ x
(iv) f (x) = 1 – sin x then prove that tan Á + ˜ = ±
Ë 4 2¯ y
(v) f (x) = –1 – sin x
(vi) f (x) = sin 2x, sin 3x Q sin b
79. If tan a = ,
(vii) f (x) = sin2x P + Q cos b
(viii) f (x) = cos2x P sin a
(ix) f (x) = max(sin x, cos x} prove that tan (b - a ) =
Q + P cos a
(x) f (x) = min{sin x, cos x} 3

{ }
80. If cos (a – b) + cos (b – g) + cos (g - a ) = -
1 2
(xi) f (x) = min sin x, , cos x
2 prove that cos a + cos b + cos g = 0
(xii) f (x) = max{tan x, cot x} and sin a + sin b + sin g = 0
(xiii) f (x) = min{tan x, cot x} sin 2q n - 1
81. If tan (a + q) = n tan (a – q), show that =
63. Find the number of solutions of sin 2a n + 1
1 82. If sin a + sin b = a and cos a + cos b = b, then show
(i) sin x = , " x Π[0, 2p]
2 that
3 b2 - a 2
(ii) cos x = , " x Œ[0, 3p] (i) cos (a + b ) = 2
2 b + a2
(iii) 4 sin2x – 1 = 0, " x Œ[0, 3p]
(iv) sin2x Р3 sin x + 2 = 0, " x Π[0, 3p] 2ab
(ii) sin (a + b ) =
(v) cos2x Рcos x Р2 = 0, " x Π[0, 3p] b + a2
2

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 The Ratios and Identities 1.15

83. If a and b are the roots of a cos q + b sin q = c, then 95. Prove that
prove that sin (10°) + sin (20°) + sin (40°) + sin (50°)
a 2 - b2 –sin (70°) – sin (80°) = 0
(i) cos (a + b ) = 2
a + b2 96. Prove that (cos a + cos b)2 + (sin a + sin b)2
2c - (a 2 + b 2 ) Êa - bˆ
(ii) cos (a - b ) = = 4 cos 2 Á
Ë 2 ˜¯
a 2 + b2
84. If a and b are the roots of a tan q + b sec q = c, then 97. Prove that (cos a – cos b)2 + (sin a – sin b)2
show that Êa - bˆ
= 4 sin 2 Á
2ac
tan (a + b ) = 2 2 Ë 2 ˜¯
a -c
98. Prove that (sin a – sin b)2 + (cos a – cos b)2
85. If tan (p cos q) = cot (p sin q), prove that
Ê pˆ 1 Êa - bˆ
= 4 sin 2 Á
cos Á q - ˜ = ±
Ë ¯
. Ë 2 ˜¯
4 2 2
1
x sin j y sin q 99. Prove that cos 20 ◊ cos 40 ◊ cos 80 =
86. If tan q = and tan j = , 8
1 - x cos j 1 - y cos q
3
then prove that, x sin j = y sin q. 100. Prove that sin 20 ◊ sin 40 ◊ sin 80 =
8
87. If tan a + tan b = a, cot a + cot b = b and tan (a + b) = 3
c then find a relation in a, b and c. 101. Prove that sin 10 ◊ sin 50 ◊ sin 60 ◊ sin 70 =
16
n sin a cos a
88. If tan b = , 3
1 - n sin 2 a 112. Prove that cos 10 ◊ cos 30. cos 50 ◊ cos 70° =
16
then prove that tan (a – b) = (1 – n) tan a 113. Prove that:
89. If x + y + z = 0, then prove that
sin A + sin 3 A + sin 5 A
cot (x + y – z) ◊ cot (y + z – x) (i) = tan 3 A
+ cot (y + z – x) ◊ cot (z + x – y) cos A + cos 3 A + cos 5 A
+ cot (z + x – y) ◊ cot (x + y – z) = 1 cos 4x + cos 3x + cos 12x
90. If 2 tan a = 3 tan b, then show that (ii) = cot 3x
sin 4x + sin 3x + sin 2x
sin 2b
tan (a - b ) = sin A + sin 3A + sin 5A + sin 7A
5 - cos 2b (iii) = tan 4A
cos A + cos 3A + cos 5A + cos 7A
TRANSFORMATION FORMULAE sin A + sin 2A + sin 4A + sin 5A
(iv) = tan 3 A
91. Prove that: cos A + cos 2A + cos 4A + cos 5A
sin 5 A - sin 3 A 1 1
(i) = tan A 114. If sin A - sin B = and cos A - cos B = , then find
cos 5 A + cos 3 A 2 3
Ê A + Bˆ
sin A + sin 3 A tan Á
Ë 2 ˜¯
(ii) = tan 2 A
cos A + cos 3 A
1 1
115. If cos A + cos B = , sin A + sin B = ,
sin A + sin B Ê A + Bˆ 2 4
= tan Á
Ë 2 ˜¯
(iii)
cos A + cos B Ê A + Bˆ 1
then prove that tan Á =
92. Prove that: Ë 2 ˜¯ 2
(i) sin 38° + sin 22° = sin 82° 116. If cosec A + sec A = cosec B + sec B, then
(ii) sin 105° + cos 105° = cos 45°
Ê A + Bˆ
prove that tan A tan B = cot Á
(iii) cos 55° + cos 65° + cos 175° = 0 Ë 2 ˜¯
(iv) cos 20° + cos 100° + cos 140° = 0
(v) sin 50° – sin 70 + sin 10° = 0 117. If sin 2A = l sin 2B, then prove that
93. Prove that tan (A + B) l + 1
sin (47°) + cos (77°) = cos (17°) =
tan (A - B) l - 1
94. Prove that
cos (80°) + cos (40°) – cos (20°) = 0 118. Find the value of 3 cot (20°) - 4 cos (20°)

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 1.16 Trigonometry Booster

119. If sin A + sin B = a and cos A + cos B = b, then 137. Prove that
find cos (A + B) 4 cos (q) ◊ cos (60° – q) ◊ cos 60° + q
= cos (3q)
1 1
120. If 2 cos A = x + , 2 cos B = y + , then find 138. Prove that
x y
3
1Ê 1ˆ cos (10°) ◊ cos (50°) ◊ cos (70°)=
cos (A – B) Ans. Á xy + ˜ 8
2Ë xy ¯
121. Prove that 139. Prove that
sin (47°) + sin (61°) – sin (11°) – sin (25°) = cos (7°). tan (q) + tan (60° + q) – tan (60° – q)
m 1 = 3 tan (3q)
122. If tan a = , and tan b = , then find
m +1 2m + 1 140. Prove that
tan (a + b) cos (q) cos (2q) ◊ cos (22q) ◊ cos (23q) … cos (2n–1q)
123. Find the number of integral values of k for which sin (2nq )
=
7 cos x + 5 sin x = 2k + 1 has a solution. 2n sin q
124. Prove that
cos a + cos b + cos g + cos (a + b + g) Ê 2p ˆ Ê 4p ˆ Ê 8p ˆ 1
141. Prove that cos Á ˜ cos Á ˜ cos Á ˜ =
Ë 7 ¯ Ë 7 ¯ Ë 7¯ 8
Êa + bˆ Êb +g ˆ Êg +aˆ
= 4 cos Á ˜ cos Á ˜ cos Á
Ë 2 ¯ Ë 2 ¯ Ë 2 ˜¯ Ê 2p ˆ Ê 4p ˆ Ê 6p ˆ 1
142. Prove that cos Á ˜ + cos Á ˜ + cos Á ˜ = - .
Ë 7 ¯ Ë 7 ¯ Ë 7 ¯ 2
MULTIPLE ANGLES
143. If M = a 2 cos 2 q + b 2 sin 2 q + a 2 sin 2 q + b 2 cos 2 q
Ê 1 - cos 2q ˆ
125. Prove that Á = tan q such that maximum (M2) = m1 and minimum (M2) = m2,
Ë sin 2q ˜¯ then find the value of m1 – m2.
Ê 1 + cos 2q ˆ 4 tan q - 4 tan 3q
126. Prove that Á = cot q 144. Prove that tan 4q =
Ë sin 2q ˜¯ 1 - 6 tan 2q + tan 4q
127. Prove that cot q – tan q = 2 cot (2q) 145. Prove that
128. Prove that Ê sin x sin 3x sin 9x ˆ 1
tan q + 2 tan (2q) + 4 tan (4q) + 8 cot 8q = cot q ÁË cos 3x + cos 9x + cos 27x ˜¯ = 2 (tan 27x - tan x)
b
129. If tan q = , 146. Prove that
a
prove that a cos (2q) + b sin (2q) = a Êqˆ
tan Á ˜ (1 + sec q )(1 + sec 2q )(1 + sec 22q )
Ë 2¯
130. Prove that 3 cosec (20°) - sec (20°) = 4
131. Prove that …(1 + sec(2nq)) = tan (2nq)
tan (9°) – tan (27°) – tan (63°) + tan 81°) = 4 Maximum or minimum values of f (x) = q cos + b sin c)
Ê sec 8A - 1ˆ tan 8A 147. Find the maximum and minimum values of
132. Prove that Á = (i) f (x) = 3 sin x + 4 cos x + 10
Ë sec 4A - 1˜¯ tan 2A
(ii) f (x) = 3 sin (100) x + 4 cos (100) x + 10
133. Prove that (iii) f (x) = 3 sin x + 4
2 Ê 2p ˆ Ê 2p ˆ 3 (iv) f (x) = 2 cos x + 5
(i) cos (q ) + cos Á - q ˜ + cos 2 Á + q˜ =
2
Ë 3 ¯ Ë 3 ¯ 2 (v) f (x) = sin x + cos x
(vi) f (x) = sin x – cos x
Êp ˆ Êp ˆ 3 (vii) f (x) = sin (sin x)
(ii) cos 2 q + cos 2 Á - q ˜ + cos 2 Á + q ˜ =
Ë3 ¯ Ë3 ¯ 2 (viii) f (x) = cos (cos x)
134 Prove that (ix) f (x) = sin (sin x) + cos (sinx)
3 (x) f (x) = cos (sin x) + sin (cos x)
sin 2 q + sin 2 (120° + q ) + sin 2 (240° + q ) = 148. Find the range of f (x) = sin x + cos x + 3
2
149. Find the greatest and the least values of
135. Prove that
2 sin2 q + 3 cos2 q
4 sin (q) sin (60° + q) sin (60° – q) = sin 3q
150. Prove that
3 p
136. Prove that sin (20∞) ◊ sin (40∞) ◊ sin (80∞) =
8 –4 < 5 cos q + 3 cos ÊÁ q + ˆ˜ + 3 < 10
Ë 3¯

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 The Ratios and Identities 1.17

151. Find the maximum and minimum values of 169. Find the minimum value of
cos2q – 6 sin q cos q + 3 sin2q + 2 (a 2 + 1)(b 2 + 1)(c 2 + 1)(d 2 + 1)
f (a, b, c, d ) =
152. Find the least value of abcd
cosec2 x + 25 sec2 x where a, b, c, d > 0
153. Find the ratio of the greatest value of
2 – cos x + sin2 x to its least value. SUB-MULTIPLE ANGLES

154. If y = 4 sin2 q – cos 2q, then y lies in the interval............. 170. Prove that
155. If m is the minimum value of f (x) = 3 sin x + 5 and n is q q
(i) tan + cot = 2 cosec q
the maximum value of g(x) = 3 – 2 sin x then find the 2 2
value of (m + n + 2). q
(ii) cosec q – cot q = tan
156. Find the maximum and the minimum values of 2
f (x) = sin2 x + cos4 x. 1 + sin q - cos q q
157. Find the maximum and the minimum values of (iii) = tan
1 + sin q + cos q 2
f (x) = cos2 x + sin4 x.
Êp qˆ
158. Find the maximum and minimum values of (iv) sec q + tan q = tan Á + ˜
Ë 4 2¯
f (x) = sin4 x + cos4 x.
159. Find the maximum and minimum values of (v) (cos A + cos B)2 + (sin A + sin B)2
f (x) = sin6 x + cos6 x. Ê A - Bˆ
= 4 cos 2 Á
160. If A = cos2 q + sin4 q and Ë 2 ˜¯
B = cos4 q + sin2 q such that
( 5 - 1)
m1 = Maximum of A and m2 = Minimum of B 171. Prove that sin 2 (24°) - sin 2 (6°) =
8
then find the value of m12 + m22 + m1m2
( 5 + 1)
161. Find the maximum and minimum values of 172. Prove that sin 2 (48°) - cos 2 (12°) =
8
f (x) = (sin x + cot + cosec 2x)3
1
Ê pˆ 173. Prove that sin (12°) ◊ sin (48°) ◊ sin (54°) =
where x ŒÁ 0, ˜ 8
Ë 2¯ 1
174. Prove that sin (6°) ◊ sin (42°) ◊ sin (66°) ◊ sin (78°) =
162. Find the maximum and minimum values of 16
5 175. Prove that
f (x) = 4(sin (24°) + cos (6°)) = (1 + 5)
sin 2 q - 6 sin q cos q + 3 cos 2 q
176. Prove that
163. Find the minimum value of
tan (6°) ◊ tan (42°) ◊ tan (66°) ◊ tan (78°) = 1
a2 b2 Ê pˆ
f (x) = + , x ŒÁ 0, ˜ 177. Prove that
cos x sin 2 x
2 Ë 2¯
Ê pˆÊ 3p ˆ Ê 5p ˆ Ê 5p ˆ 1
164. Find the minimum value of ÁË1 + cos ˜¯ ÁË1 + cos ˜ Á1 + cos ˜ Á1 + cos ˜=
8 8 ¯Ë 8 ¯Ë 8 ¯ 8
x 2 sin 2 x + 4
f (x) = , 178. Prove that
x sin x
Êpˆ Ê 3p ˆ Ê 5p ˆ Ê 7p ˆ 3
Ê pˆ sin 4 Á ˜ + sin 4 Á ˜ + sin 4 Á ˜ + sin 4 Á ˜ =
where x ŒÁ 0, ˜ Ë 8¯ Ë 8 ¯ Ë 8 ¯ Ë 8 ¯ 2
Ë 2¯
165. Find the maximum and minimum values of 179. Prove that
f (x) = logxy + logyx, where x > 1, y > 1 Êpˆ Ê 3p ˆ Ê 5p ˆ Ê 7p ˆ 3
cos 4 Á ˜ + cos 4 Á ˜ + cos 4 Á ˜ + cos 4 Á ˜ =
166. Find the minimum values of Ë 8¯ Ë 8 ¯ Ë 8 ¯ Ë 8 ¯ 2
f (x) = 2 log10 x - log x (0.01), x > 1
180. Prove that tan 20∞ tan 80∞ = 3 tan 50∞
167. Find the minimum value of
1
( x 2 + 1)( y 2 + 1)( z 2 + 1) 181. Prove that tan (10°) tan (70°) = ¥ tan (40°)
f ( x, y , z ) = , x, y , z > 0 3
xyz 182. Prove that
168. Find the minimum value of sin 55° – sin 19° + sin 53° – sin 17° = cos 1°
( x3 + 2)( y 3 + 2)( z 3 + 2) 2p 4p 6p 1
f ( x, y , z ) = , x, y , z > 0 183. Prove that cos ◊ cos ◊ cos =
xyz 7 7 7 8

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 1.18 Trigonometry Booster

2p 4p 6p 1 199 If x + y + z = xyz, then prove that

184. Prove that: cos + cos + cos =- 3x - x3 3y - y 3 3z - z 3
7 7 7 2 + +
Ê 1 ˆ Ê 1 ˆ 1 - 3x 2 1 - 3y 2 1 - 3z 2
185. Find the value of tan Á 7 ∞˜ + cot Á 7 ∞˜ .
Ë 2 ¯ Ë 2 ¯ 3x - x3 3y - y 3 3z - z 3
= ◊ ◊
Ê xˆ Ê xˆ 1 - 3x 2 1 - 3y 2 1 - 3z 2
186. If cos Á ˜ - 3 sin Á ˜ takes its minimum value then
Ë 2¯ Ë 2¯ 200. Prove that 1 + cos 56° + cos 58° – cos 66°
find its x. = 4 cos 28° cos 29° sin 33°.
187 If a and b be two different roots a cos q + b sin q = c,
2ab TRIGONOMETRICAL SERIES
then prove that sin (a + b) = 2 .
a + b2 201. Prove that
CONDITIONAL IDENTITIES sin a + sin (a + b) + sin (a + 2b)
+ sin (a + 3b) + … + sin (a + (n – 1)b)
188. If A + B + C = p, then prove that,
Ê nb ˆ
sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C = 4 sin A sin B sin C sin Á ˜
Ë 2¯ È b˘
189. If A + B + C = p, then prove that, = ¥ sin Ía + (n - 1) ˙
Ê bˆ Î 2˚
cos 2A + cos 2B + cos 2C = –1 – 4 cos A cos B cos C sin Á ˜
Ë 2¯
190. If A + B + C = p, then prove that
202. Prove that
sin2 A + sin2 B – sin2 C = 2 sin A sin B cos C
sin a + sin 2a + sin 3a + … + sin na
191. If A + B + C = p, then prove that,
(i) sin2 A + sin2 B + sin2 C = 2 + cos A cos B cos C Ê na ˆ
sin Á ˜
Ë 2 ¯ Êaˆ
(ii) cos2 A + cos2 A + cos2 A = 2 + sin A sin B sin C = ¥ sin (n + 1) Á ˜
Êaˆ Ë 2¯
192 If A + B + C = p, then prove that sin Á ˜
Ë 2¯
sin 2 A + sin 2 B + sin 2C
203. Prove that
cos A + cos B + cos C - 1
sin 2 nq
A B C sin q + sin 3q + º + sin (2n - 1)q =
= 8 cos cos cos sin q
2 2 2
204 Prove that
193. In a DABC prove that
cos a + cos (a + b) + cos (a + b)
(i) tan A + tan B + tan C = tan A ◊ tan B ◊ tan C + cos (a + b) + … + cos (a + (n – 1)b)
(ii) cot A ◊ cot B + cot B ◊ cot C + cot C ◊ cot A = 1. Ê nb ˆ
194. If A, B, C and D be the angles of a quadrilateral, then sin Á ˜
Ë 2¯ Ê bˆ
prove that = ¥ cos Á a + (n - 1) ˜
Ê bˆ Ë 2¯
tan A + tan B + tan C + tan D sin Á ˜
Ë 2¯
cot A + cot B + cot C + cot D
205. Prove that cos a + cos 2a + cos 3a + …
= tan A ◊ tan B ◊ tan C ◊ tan C Ê na ˆ
sin Á ˜
194. In a DABC prove that Ë 2 ¯ Ê (n + 1)a ˆ
.... + cos na = ¥ cos Á ˜
(cot A + cot B) (cot B + cot C) Êaˆ Ë 2 ¯
sin Á ˜
(cot C + cot A) =cosec A cosec B cosec C. Ë 2¯
195. If xy + yz + zx = 1, then prove that 206. Find the sum of n-terms of the series
x y z 4xyz sin x sin x
+ + = +
1 - x 2 1 - y 2 1 - z 2 (1 - x 2 )(1 - y 2 )(1 - z 2 ) sin 2x ◊ sin 3x sin 3x ◊ sin 4x
196. If xy + yz + zx = 1, then prove that, sin x
x y z 2 + + .... to - n - terms
+ + = sin 4x ◊ sin 5x
1 + x2 1 + y 2 1 + z 2 (1 + x )(1 + y 2 )(1 + z 2 )
2
1 1
207. Prove that +
197 Prove that cos q + cos 2q cos q + cos 5q
tan (a – b) + tan (b – g) + tan (g – a) 1
= tan (a – b) tan (b – g) tan (g – a) + + .... to - n - terms
cos q + cos 7q
198 In a DABC, if cot A + cot B + cot C = 3 , then prove
that the triangle is an equilateral. = cosec q [tan (n + 1) q – tan q]

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 The Ratios and Identities 1.19

208. Prove that 6. Which of the following is greatest?

tan x ◊ tan 2x + tan 2x ◊ tan 3x (a) sin 1 (b) cos 1 (c) tan 1 (d) cot 1
+ … + tan nx ◊ tan (n + 1)x 7. If A= cos (cos x) + sin (cos x), then the least and great-
est value of A are
= cot x [tan (n + 1)x – tan x ] – n
(a) 0, 2 (b) –1, 1
209. Prove that
(c) - 2, 2 (d) 0, 2
Ê x ˆ Ê x ˆ p
tan -1 Á + tan -1 Á 8. If A + B = , A, B > 0 then the maximum value of tan
Ë 1 + 2x 2 ˜¯ Ë 1 + 6x 2 ˜¯ 3
Ê x ˆ Ê x ˆ A ◊ tan B is
+ tan -1 Á + tan -1 Á
Ë 1 + 12x 2 ˜¯ Ë 1 + n(n + 1)x 2 ˜¯
(a) 1/3 (b) 1 (c) 1/2 (d) 2/3
9. The maximum value of a sin 2x + b cos 2x for all real x
= tan–1 (n + 1) x – tan–1 x is
(b) a + b
2 2
210. Prove that (a) a + b
(c) maximum {|a|, |b|} (d) maximum {a, b}
Ê 1ˆ Ê 1ˆ Ê 1ˆ
tan -1 Á ˜ + tan -1 Á ˜ + tan -1 Á ˜ 10. Which of the following is/are true?
Ë 7¯ Ë 13 ¯ Ë 19 ¯
(a) sin 1 > sin 1°(b) tan 1 > tan 1°
Ê 1 ˆ
+ ..... + tan -1 Á 2 (c) sin 4 > sin 4°(d) tan 4 > tan 4°
Ë n + 3n + 3 ˜¯
11. If cos 5x = a cos5 x + b cos3 x + c cos x + d, then
= tan–1 (n + 2) – tan–1 2. (a) a = 16 (b) b – 20
Ê 1 ˆ Ê 2 - 1ˆ (c) c = 5 (d) d = 2
211. Prove that sin -1 Á ˜ + sin -1 Á ˜
Ë 2¯ Ë 2 ¯ 12. If sin3 x sin 3 x = c0 + c1 cos x + c2cos 2x + c3 cos 3x
+.......... + cn cos nx, then
Ê 3 - 2ˆ p (a) Highest value of n is 6
sin -1 Á ˜ ......to
Ë 12 ¯ 2 (b) c0 = 1/8
(c) c2 = –c4
Ê 1ˆ Ê 2ˆ
212. Prove that tan -1 Á ˜ + tan -1 Á ˜ (d) c1 = c3 = c5.
Ë 3¯ Ë 9¯
13. If f (x) = cos[p] x + sin [p] x, where [,] is the greatest
Ê 4ˆ p
tan -1 Á ˜ ...... to integer function, then
Ë 23 ¯ 4 Êpˆ
f Á ˜ is
Ë 2¯

LEVEL II (a) 0
14. Let f (x)
(b) cos 3 (c) cos 4 (d) None

(Mixed Problems)
1 + sin 2 x cos 2 x 4 sin 2x
1
1. If sec x = p + , then sec x + tan x is = sin 2 x 1 + cos 2 x 4 sin 2x ,
p
4
2
sin x 2
cos x 1 + 4 sin 2x
1
(a) p (b) 2p (c) (d)
4p p then the maximum value of f (x) is
2. If cosec x – sin x = a , sec x – cos x = b , then a b (a +
3 3 2 2 2 (a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 6 (d) None
b2) is 15. For any real x, the maximum value of
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) ab cos2 (cos x) + sin2 (sin x) is
3. If sec x + cos x = 2, then the value of sec x(1+ sec3 x) +
3 (a) 1 (b) 1 + sin2 1
cos3 x(1 + cos3 x) is
2
(c) 1 + cos 1 (d) None
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8 Êpˆ Ê 5p ˆ Ê 7p ˆ
16. If a = sin Á ˜ sin Á ˜ sin Á ˜ and x is the solu-
4. The value of Ë 18 ¯ Ë 18 ¯ Ë 18 ¯
Ê 2p ˆ Ê 4p ˆ Ê 6p ˆ tion of the equation y = 2[x] + 2 and y = 3 [x – 2 ], where
cos Á ˜ + cos Á ˜ + cos Á ˜ is [,] = GIF, then a is
Ë 7 ¯ Ë 7 ¯ Ë 7 ¯
(a) 1/2 (b) –1/2 (c) 0 (d) None (a) [x] (b) 1/[x] (c) 2[x] (d) [x]2
5. Which of the following is smallest? 17. The minimum value of sin8 x + cos8 x is
(a) sin 1 (b) sin 2 (c) sin 3 (d) sin 4 (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 1/8 (d) 2

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