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1 A group of students investigated the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.
They used this method:
• An aquatic plant was placed in a test-tube containing water.
• A lamp was placed 10 cm from the aquatic plant.
• The number of bubbles of gas produced in one minute was counted and recorded in the table.
• The investigation was repeated with the lamp at different distances from the aquatic plant.
The diagram shows the equipment used.
The results are shown in the table.
distance from the aquatic plant / cm number of bubbles produced in one minute
10 90
20 85
30 75
40 50
50 30
State the distance which gives the highest rate of photosynthesis.
..................................................... cm [1]
[Total: 1]
2
2 The diagram shows a section through a plant leaf.
State the name of the main gas that will diffuse from inside cell A to position B in the diagram on
a sunny, humid day.
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[Total: 1]
3
3 A group of students investigated the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.
They used this method:
• An aquatic plant was placed in a test-tube containing water.
• A lamp was placed 10 cm from the aquatic plant.
• The number of bubbles of gas produced in one minute was counted and recorded in the table.
• The investigation was repeated with the lamp at different distances from the aquatic plant.
The diagram shows the equipment used.
The results are shown in the table.
distance from the aquatic plant / cm number of bubbles produced in one minute
10 90
20 85
30 75
40 50
50 30
Describe the effect of increasing light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.
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.................................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 1]
4
4 A student investigated the rate of photosynthesis in a plant at different temperatures.
The results are shown in the table.
rate of photosynthesis
temperature / ° C
/ arbitrary units
20 42
25 61
30 77
35 92
40 45
Calculate the percentage increase in the rate of photosynthesis from 20 °C to 30 °C.
Give your answer to three significant figures.
Space for working.
...................................................... % [3]
[Total: 3]
5 Photosynthesis is a process that occurs in plant cells.
State the type of energy required for photosynthesis.
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[Total: 1]
6 Photosynthesis is a process that occurs in plant cells.
State the word equation for photosynthesis.
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[Total: 2]
5
7 The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle.
Photosynthesis is the process occurring at K in the diagram.
State the two products of photosynthesis.
1 ...............................................................................................................................................
2 ............................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 2]
6
8 The photograph shows a variegated leaf which uses photosynthesis to make carbohydrates.
A variegated leaf has green parts that contain chlorophyll and white parts that do not contain
chlorophyll.
The plant with variegated leaves was then left in a warm, sunny place. After a few days, a leaf from
this plant was removed and tested for starch.
Predict the results of the starch test by placing ticks (✓) in the table.
part of leaf starch present starch absent
green
white
[1]
[Total: 1]
7
9 The photograph shows a variegated leaf which uses photosynthesis to make carbohydrates.
A variegated leaf has green parts that contain chlorophyll and white parts that do not contain
chlorophyll.
The carbohydrate produced by photosynthesis can be stored as starch in the leaf.
A plant with variegated leaves used up its store of starch because it was placed in the dark.
Explain why the plant used up its store of starch when it was placed in the dark.
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[Total: 2]
10 Suggest one use of glucose in a plant.
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[Total: 1]
8
11 The rate of photosynthesis of parts of individual leaves can be measured using a hand-held device
as shown in the photograph.
A student used the apparatus shown in the photograph to investigate the effect of temperature on
the rate of photosynthesis of the leaves of Chinese plantain, Plantago asiatica, at two different
concentrations of carbon dioxide, A and B.
The graph shows the results of the investigation.
Explain the effect of increasing temperature on the rate of photosynthesis for carbon dioxide
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concentration B.
Use the term limiting factor in your answer.
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[Total: 3]
12 The diagram shows a section through a leaf.
On the diagram:
Label with a label line and the letter A the type of cell where most photosynthesis takes place.
Label with a label line and the letter B the type of cell which conducts water through the plant. [2]
[Total: 2]
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13 Glasshouses are designed to maximise crop plant yield.
Outline how carbon dioxide in a glasshouse moves into leaves.
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[Total: 2]
14 The diagram shows a cross-section of a leaf.
State the name of the tissue in the leaf that does not contain chlorophyll.
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[Total: 1]
11
15 The diagram shows the positions of the different tissues in part of a dicotyledonous leaf.
Identify the tissues described in the table by:
• drawing label lines with the corresponding letter on the diagram and
• stating the name of each tissue in the table.
The label, line and name of the tissue for letter P has been completed for you on the diagram and
in the table.
letter description name of the tissue
a protective transparent layer that allows light to
P upper epidermis
reach the inner tissues
Q conducts water from the stem
R contains many interconnected air spaces
S transports sucrose and amino acids
traps the most light energy to synthesise
T
carbohydrates
[4]
[Total: 4]
12
16 The photomicrograph is of a cross section of part of a leaf.
Identify the structure labelled C in the photomicrograph.
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[Total: 1]
13
17 The photomicrograph is of a cross section of part of a leaf.
Identify the tissue labelled A in the photomicrograph.
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[Total: 1]
14
18 The photomicrograph is of a cross section of part of a leaf.
Describe how the tissue labelled B is adapted to maximise photosynthesis.
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[Total: 3]
19 Cells in the mesophyll layers of a leaf carry out photosynthesis.
State the names of two leaf layers that light must pass through to reach the spongy mesophyll
cells.
1 ...............................................................................................................................................
2 ............................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 2]
15
20 Scientists made some observations of the leaf structure of soybean plants.
Epidermis and mesophyll tissues are adapted for photosynthesis.
Complete the table by stating two structural features of each of these tissues and explain how each
feature is an adaptation for photosynthesis.
how the feature is an adaptation
tissue feature for photosynthesis
1 ............................................... .............................................................................
.................................................. .............................................................................
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epidermis
2 ............................................... .............................................................................
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1 ............................................... .............................................................................
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mesophyll
2 ............................................... .............................................................................
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[4]
[Total: 4]
16
21 Stomata are found on the lower surface of broad bean leaves.
Describe the function of stomata.
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[Total: 3]
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22 The image is a photomicrograph of part of the upper surface of a broad bean leaf, Vicia faba.
The tissue shown in the photomicrograph is transparent.
Explain why it is important to the plant that the tissue shown in the photomicrograph is transparent.
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[Total: 3]
23 State the name of the mineral ion that is needed to make chlorophyll.
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[Total: 1]
24 Plants absorb mineral ions from the soil.
State the name of the mineral ion that is used to make amino acids.
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[Total: 1]
18
25 Researchers investigated the effects of using a fertiliser on the number of leaves grown by plants.
The fertiliser contained nitrate and magnesium ions.
Plants in group 1 were grown in soil with fertiliser.
Plants in group 2 were grown in soil without fertiliser.
The results are shown in the graph.
A student wrote a series of statements to explain why an increase in nitrate and magnesium
ions increased the number of leaves. Not all of the statements are correct.
A – Magnesium is required for the synthesis of chlorophyll.
B – Nitrate ions are a component of carbohydrates.
C – Chlorophyll is required for photosynthesis.
D – Proteins are needed for growth.
E – Plants make their own food by the process of respiration.
F – Respiration produces glucose.
State the letters of the correct statements.
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19
[Total: 3]
20
26 Researchers investigated the effects of using a fertiliser on the number of leaves grown by plants.
The fertiliser contained nitrate and magnesium ions.
Plants in group 1 were grown in soil with fertiliser.
Plants in group 2 were grown in soil without fertiliser.
The results are shown in the graph.
Describe the results shown in the graph.
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[Total: 3]
27 One type of herbicide is a chemical that prevents the uptake of magnesium ions.
Suggest how this herbicide kills plants.
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[Total: 3]
28 Plants need mineral ions for healthy growth.
State why a plant needs magnesium ions and nitrate ions.
magnesium ions ......................................................................................................................
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nitrate ions ...............................................................................................................................
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[Total: 2]
