1/28/25, 5:31 PM Difference between Public and Private blockchain - GeeksforGeeks

Difference between Public and Private blockchain :

S.no Basis of Public BlockChain Private BlockChain

Comparison

1. Access – In this type of blockchain In this type of

anyone can read, write and blockchain read and
participate in a blockchain. write is done upon
Hence, it is permissionless invitation, hence it is
blockchain. It is public to a permissioned
everyone. blockchain.

2. Network Don’t know each other Know each other

Actors –

3. Decentralized A public blockchain is A private blockchain

Vs Centralized decentralized. is more centralized.
–

4. Order Of The order of magnitude of a The order of

Magnitude – public blockchain is lesser magnitude is more
than that of a private as compared to the
blockchain as it is lighter and public blockchain.
provides transactional
throughput.

5. Native Token Yes Not necessary

–

6. Speed – Slow Fast

7. Transactions Transactions per second are Transaction per

pre second – lesser in a public blockchain. second is more as
compared to public
blockchain.

8. Security – A public network is more A private blockchain

secure due to is more prone to
decentralization and active hacks, risks, and
participation. Due to the data breaches/
higher number of nodes in manipulation. It is
the network, it is nearly easy for bad actors
impossible for ‘bad actors’ to to endanger the
attack the system and gain entire network.
control over the consensus Hence, it is less
network. secure.

9. Energy A public blockchain Private blockchains

Consumption consumes more energy than consume a lot less

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1/28/25, 5:31 PM Difference between Public and Private blockchain - GeeksforGeeks

– a private blockchain as it energy and power.

requires a significant amount
of electrical resources to
function and achieve network
consensus.

10. Consensus Some are proof of work, Proof of Elapsed

algorithms – proof of stake, proof of burn, Time (PoET), Raft,
proof of space etc. and Istanbul BFT can
be used only in case
of private
blockchains.

11. Attacks – In a public blockchain, no In a private

one knows who each blockchain, there is
validator is and this no chance of minor
increases the risk of potential collision. Each
collision or a 51% attack (a validator is known
group of miners which and they have the
control more than 50% of the suitable credentials
network’s computing power.). to be a part of the
network.

12. Effects – Potential to disrupt current Reduces transaction

business models through cost and data
disintermediation. There is redundancies and
lower infrastructure cost. No replace legacy
need to maintain servers or systems, simplifying
system admins radically. documents handling
Hence reducing the cost of and getting rid of
creating and running semi manual
decentralized application compliance
(dApps). mechanisms.

13. Examples – Bitcoin, Ethereum, Monero, R3 (Banks), EWF

Zcash, Dash, Litecoin, Stellar, (Energy), B3i
Steemit etc. (Insurance), Corda.

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