Scribd
Upload
9 views

Ip Viva Question

The document contains a series of viva questions and answers related to a project on automating a Management System using Python and CSV files. It covers key concepts in data management, including DataFrames, data visualization, SQL commands, and database design principles such as primary keys and foreign keys. Additionally, it explains the differences between various SQL commands and functions, emphasizing their roles in data manipulation and definition.

Uploaded by

virtualvirus531
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
9 views

Ip Viva Question

The document contains a series of viva questions and answers related to a project on automating a Management System using Python and CSV files. It covers key concepts in data management, including DataFrames, data visualization, SQL commands, and database design principles such as primary keys and foreign keys. Additionally, it explains the differences between various SQL commands and functions, emphasizing their roles in data manipulation and definition.

Uploaded by

virtualvirus531
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

CLASS XII

INFORMATICS PRACTICES (065)

VIVA QUESTIONS
Q1. What is your Project about?
Ans: Our Project is to automate the ___________Management System. It will help the
user of this software to digitally add a new record in the database, search a record,
delete a record and update a record. It can also be used to visualize the data Graphically
(through graphs)
• We have used Python (Pandas) for the Front-End and CSV Files as the Back end.
• Modules Used in the project are Pandas(for dataframe) and matplotlib.pyplot for
plotting graphs.
Q2. Which command is used to install pandas and matplotlib modules in your sytem.
Ans. pip command

Q3. Write the import statement to import the pandas and matplotlib.pyplot in your
program
Ans. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd

Q4. What is a DataFrame?


Ans DataFrame is a 2D labeled heterogeneous, data-mutable and size-mutable
array. The data in DataFrame is aligned in a tabular fashion in rows and
columns therefore has both a row and column labels

Q5. Name the method which is used to add a new row and column.
Ans. loc() method.

Q6. Name the method which is used to delete a row/column?


Ans. DataFrame.drop() method

Q7. What is the difference between loc() and iloc() methods?


Ans. The loc[] method is used to retrieve a group of rows and columns by labels or
a boolean array present in the DataFrame.
Whereas, the iloc[] method takes only integers and is used retrieve a group of
rows and columns at particular positions in the index.

Q8. What is a data visualization?


Data visualization is the graphical representation of information and data ie it
presents quantitative information in a graphical form.
Q9. What is the importance of data visualization?
a. To make data easier to understand, process and remember
b. To discover unknown facts, outliers, and trends
c. To visualize relationships and patterns quickly
d. To make better and meaningful decisions

Q10. Which library in Python is used for Data Visualization?


Matplotlib

Q11. What are the basic steps of plotting a graph?


a. Import matplotlib.pyplot
b. Choose the appropriate plot type like line, bar, pie etc.

Q12. What is DDL and DML?


DDL (Data Definition Language): All the commands which are used to create,
destroy, or restructure databases and tables come under this category. Examples
of DDL commands are - CREATE, DROP, ALTER.
DML (Data Manipulation Language): All the commands which are used to
manipulate data within tables come under this category. Examples of DML
commands are - INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE.

Q13. What is RDBMS?


RDBMS: A DBMS used to manage Relational Databases is called an RDBMS
(Relational Data Base Management System). Some popular RDBMS software
available are: Oracle, MySQL, Sybase, Ingress.

Q14. What is data inconsistency?


Data inconsistency occurs when same data present in two different tables does not
match.

Q15. What is a relation?


Relation/Table: A table refers to a two-dimensional representation of data
arranged in columns (also called fields or attributes) and rows (also called records
or tuples).

Q16. What is cardinality and degree?


Cardinality: Total number of rows in a table is called the cardinality of the table.
Arity/Degree: Total number of columns of a table is called the Degree of the
table.
Q17. What is the difference between primary key, candidate key and
alternate key?
Ans. Primary Key: The group of one or more columns used to uniquely identify each
row of a relation is called its Primary Key.
Candidate Key: A column or a group of columns which can be used as the
primary key of a relation is called a candidate key because it is one of the candidates
available to be the primary key of the relation.
Alternate Key: A candidate key of a table which is not made its primary key is
called its Alternate Key.

Q18. What is a foreign key?


Ans. Foreign key is a column in one table which is the primary key of another table.
For eg. The column Deptno is the primary key of dept table and the foreign key of
emp table.

Q19. What are the different types of clauses used in where command?

Q20 Give a command to insert a new column into a table? Ans. Alter table
Q 21 Give a command to delete a column from a table? Ans. Alter table
Q22.Give a command to delete a row from a table? Ans. Delete from
Q23.Give a command to insert a new row into a table? Ans. Insert into
Q24. What is the difference between update and alter command?
Ans. ALTER command is a Data Definition Language Command. UPDATE command is
a Data Manipulation Language Command.
ALTER Command add, delete, modify the attributes of the relations (tables) in the
database. UPDATE Command modifies one or more records in the relations.

Q25.What happens when the drop table command is executed?


All the records as well as the entire structure of the table is deleted.
Q26.In SQL can MAX function be applied to date and char type date?
Yes
Q27.What are aggregate functions?
Aggregate functions work on multiple rows. There are 5 types of aggregate
functions:

Q28. Difference between count() and count(*)


When the argument is a column name or an expression based on a column,
COUNT() returns the number of non-NULL values in that column. It does not include NULL
values.
COUNT(*) counts the total number of rows of Primary Key column.
Q29.What is the purpose of group by clause?
Group by clause is used together with the SQL SELECT statement to group the data
of the table based on certain type. It arranges identical data into groups. It returns
only one single row for every grouped item.

Q30. What is the difference between where & having?


WHERE is used to put a condition on individual row of a table whereas HAVING
is used to put condition on individual group formed by GROUP BY clause in a
SELECT statement.

Q31. What is the difference between a Single row function and aggregate function?
Ans. Single row function: Single row function are the ones that work on single row and
returs one output per row.
Example: ROUND(), MOD(), POWER(), LENGTH(), RTRIM(), LTRIM(), SUBSTR(), INSTR(),
NOW(), MONTH(), MONTHNAME(), DAYNAME(), DAY()
(Note: Please learn the use of each function for VIVA)

Aggregate Functions/Multiple row functions: These Functions work on group of rows and
return one result for each group. They are also known as group functions.
Example: SUM(), COUNT(),COUNT(*), AVG(),MIN(), MAX()
(Note: Please learn the use of each function for VIVA)

Q32. What is the difference between Primary Key and Unique constraint?
Ans. A table can have only one Primary Key, but more than one column can have a unique
constraint. Primary key does not allow a NULL value, but unique key allows the NULL value.

You might also like