Chapter 14 OSCILLATION Physics Class 11th
Chapter 14 OSCILLATION Physics Class 11th
OSCILLATION
Chapter: - 14th
PHYSICS’
CLASS: - 11TH
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Chapter: - 14th
Oscillation
I. Periodic Motion: Periodic motion refers to any motion that repeats itself in regular
intervals of time.
Examples: -
• Simple Pendulum: A simple pendulum swinging to and fro. It takes the same
amount of time to move from one extreme to the other and back again.
• Vibrating String: When a string of a musical instrument (like a guitar or violin) is
plucked, it vibrates in a periodic manner, producing sound.
• Earth's Rotation: The Earth rotates on its axis approximately once every 24 hours,
making this a periodic motion.
• Heartbeat: The rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the heart muscle can be
considered a form of periodic motion.
Let at any instance the particle be at point P i.e., OP = x (displacement of the particle)
The restoring force F acting on the particle i.e., F = - kx
The negative sign shows that the restoring force F is always directed towards the
mean position.
S.I. Units: - N/m.
Force Oscillations: - When a body oscillates with the help of an external periodic
force with a frequency different from the natural frequency of the body, its
oscillations are called forced oscillations.
Example: - The sound board of all stringed musical instruments like violin, sitar etc.
execute forced oscillations.
Resonant oscillations: - When a body oscillates with its own natural frequency ν,
with the help of an external periodic force whose frequency ν is equal to the natural
frequency of the body, the oscillations of the body are called resonant oscillations.
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