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Lecture 9_Maximum Power Transfer

The document discusses the Maximum Power Transfer Theorem, which states that a resistive load receives maximum power when its resistance equals the Thevenin equivalent resistance of the circuit. It provides mathematical proof and examples demonstrating how to calculate the load resistance for maximum power transfer and the corresponding maximum power. The document also includes solutions using Thevenin's equivalent circuit and nodal analysis for specific circuit examples.

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Ali Abdulhadi
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
1 views

Lecture 9_Maximum Power Transfer

The document discusses the Maximum Power Transfer Theorem, which states that a resistive load receives maximum power when its resistance equals the Thevenin equivalent resistance of the circuit. It provides mathematical proof and examples demonstrating how to calculate the load resistance for maximum power transfer and the corresponding maximum power. The document also includes solutions using Thevenin's equivalent circuit and nodal analysis for specific circuit examples.

Uploaded by

Ali Abdulhadi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electric Circuits I

ELEC 305

Lecture 9
Maximum Power Transfer

Dr. Asma Wasfi


Maximum Power Transfer Theorem
Maximum Power Transfer
A resistive load receives maximum power from a circuit
if the load resistance equals the Thevenin’s equivalent
resistance of the circuit.
Proof
PL =VL I = I 2 R L
2
æ Voc ö
= çç ÷÷ R L
è R Th + R L ø
Maximum Power Transfer
To maximize the power:
dPL
=0
dR L
dPL (R Th + R L ) (Voc ) - R L (Voc ) 2(R Th + R L )
2 2 2
= =0
dR L (R Th + R L )4

Voc2 (R Th + R L ) [(R Th + R L ) - 2 R L ]
=0
(R Th + R L ) 4

Þ R Th + R L - 2 R L = 0
Þ R Th - R L = 0 Þ R L = R Th
Maximum Power Transfer

PL max = I 2 R L
2
æ Voc ö
= çç ÷÷ R Th
è 2 R Th ø

=
(Voc )
2
R Th
=
(Voc )
2

2
4 R Th 4 R Th
2
Voc
PL max =
4 R Th
Example #1
Find the value of RL for maximum power transfer, and the
maximum power that can be transferred to the load

Solution: Find Thevenin’s equivalent circuit between the load


terminals
Solution

Using loop analysis:


I1 = 2 mA
– 3 (I1 – I2) + 6I2 + 3 =0
I2 = 1/3 mA

Voc = 4 I1 + 6I2
= 4*2 + 6*(1/3)
= 10 V
Solution

RTh = 4 K+ (6//3) K
= 4 K+ 2 K = 6 K
Solution
Connecting the load to Thevenin’s equivalent circuit
6K

10 V RL

For maximum power transfer: RL = RTh = 6 K


Maximum power transferred to the load:
PLmax = Voc2/4 RTh = 100/(4*6) = 25/6 mW
Example #2
Find the value of RL for maximum power transfer, and the
maximum power that can be transferred to the load
2000 Ix
1K A 4K

3K 4 mA 2K RL
Ix

B
Example #2
Find the value of RL for maximum power transfer, and the
maximum power that can be transferred to the load
Question: For the purpose of specifying RL, could
we break the network just to the right of the 2000Ix
2000 Ix V source shown in this example?
1K A 4K

3K 4 mA 2K RL
Ix

B
Example #2
Find the value of RL for maximum power transfer, and the
maximum power that can be transferred to the load
Question: For the purpose of specifying RL, could
we break the network just to the right of the 2000Ix
2000 Ix V source shown in this example?
1K A 4K Answer: No; because we cannot split the
dependent source and its controlling variable when
we break the network to find the Thevenin or
Norton equivalent.
3K 4 mA 2K RL
Ix

B
Example #2
Find the value of RL for maximum power transfer, and the
maximum power that can be transferred to the load
Question: For the purpose of specifying RL, could
we break the network just to the right of the 2000Ix
2000 Ix V source shown in this example?
1K A 4K Answer: No; because we cannot split the
dependent source and its controlling variable when
we break the network to find the Thevenin or
Norton equivalent.
3K 4 mA 2K RL
Ix

Solution: Find Thevenin’s equivalent circuit between terminals A


&B
Solution
2000 Ix
1K V1 V2 4K
+

3K 4 mA 2 K Voc RL
Ix
−

Using nodal analysis:


V1/4 – 4 + V2/2 = 0 (1)
V2 – V1 = 2 Ix = 2V2/2 =V2 à V1 = 0
From (1)
0 – 4 + V2/2 = 0 à V2 = 8 V à Voc = 8 V
Solution
2000 Ix
1K 4K 1K

3K 4 mA 3K Isc
2K 4 mA
Ix

When the terminals are short-circuit à Ix = 0 à CCVS = 0


à Current source in parallel with a 4 K and a S/C
à Isc = 4 mA
à RTh = Voc/Isc = 8 V/ 4 mA = 2 K
Solution
Connecting the load to Thevenin’s equivalent circuit

For maximum power transfer: RL = RTh+ 4 K = 6 K


Maximum power transferred to the load:
PLmax = Voc2/4 (RTh + 4) = 64/(4*6) = 8/3 mW
Example
• Find the value of RL in the following circuit
for maximum power transfer.
Example
• Find the value of RL in the following circuit
for maximum power transfer.
Solution
Solution
Example
• Find RL for maximum power transfer and the
maximum power that can be transferred to this
load.
Solution
Solution
Example
Solution
Solution

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