PHYSICS

PROJECT REPORT

ON

Full Wave Rectifier

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

MR.JASWANT REDHU SUMIT SAPRA
XII-B

ST. THERESA’S CONVENT SCHOOL

 INDEX

1. AIM

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

3. CERTIFICATE

4. INTRODUCTION

5. MATERIALS REQUIRED

6. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

7. WORKING

8. BIBLOGRAPHY
 AIM

To construct a full wave rectifier

and show that that Alternating
Current is rectified into a Direct
Current.
 Acknowledgement
The project could have never been possible without the support of various
sources. It is extremely impossible to thank every individual who has
helped me in completing this project. Some people have helped in the basic
formularization and there were sources that helped me in giving the ideas
a physical form/shape. I am extremely grateful to my mentor,

Mr. Jaswant Redhu , for his invaluable guidance in the project right from
the beginning. His vital support helped the project to take a logical and
suitable shape. I take this opportunity to thank the School authorities, for
extending their full support and cooperation in the project.

Last but not the least; I would like to thank everyone who has
offered a helping hand when required.

Sumit
Sapra
XII-B
Roll
No.-..………..
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Sumit Sapra(Roll No:……..……) student of
Class XII, St. Theresa's Convent Sr. Sec. School has completed
the project titled. “Full Wave Rectifier” during the academic
year 2012-13 towards partial fulfillment of credit for the
Physics Project evaluation of AISSCE 2013, and submitted
working model and satisfactory report , as compiled in the
following pages, under my supervision.

Mr.Jaswant Redhu
(Teacher’s Signature)
 Introduction
A full wave rectifier is a device which is used to rectify all the
alternating current components in an alternating supply
and make it purely a direct current. The two alternating halves
of an alternation current are rectified in a full wave rectifier
which is an advantage over a half wave rectifier. Most
electronic devices cannot withstand very high voltage or alternating
current due to its intense high power. The use of batteries
in all devices is not practical as their replacement and durability
is a huge problem as the device has to be dismantled each time for
such a replacement. So these rectifiers are used in most of the
electronic devices like TV’s, Radios, Chargers, and Lightings etc.
 Materials required in
the construction

 Connecting wires
 A plug
 Single lead wire - 2m
 3 nuts & Bolts 2 to 3c m l e n g t h
 Circuit board
 A Transformer
 A capacitor
 A R e s i s t o r ( 1 K Ω)
 P-N junction diodes
 A LED
 Insulation tape, Blades, soldering wax,
soldering lead, soldering iron &
sand paper.
 Circuit Diagram

Connection details:
Connections are done as in the circuit. The A.C. supply is given to b o t h t h e
i n p u t w i r e s o f t h e t r a n s f o r m e r a n d t h e t w o e n d s o f t h e secondary
coil is given to the P side of the two diodes and the
N sideo f t h e d i o d e s a r e t w i n e d a n d t h e n c o n n e c t e d t o o n e e n
d o f t h e capacitor and the other end to the center tap lead and to the
resistor.F u r t h e r , t h e o t h e r e n d o f c a p a c i t o r w i t h t h e d i o d e c o n n e c t
i o n i s connected to the other end of the resistor. Connect 2 leads on both the
ends of the resistor to measure the output and this is connected to the +ve & -ve
terminals of the bulb.
 Working
1st when the A.C. is supplied to the
transformer, it steps down the 230V main
supply to 6 volts. It has a capability of delivering a
current of 500mA. The 6 volts A.C. appearing
across the secondary is the RMS value and the
peak value is 8.4 volts. During the 1 st half cycle of
the A.C. input Diode D1 is forward biased and a
current ‘I’ flows in the circuit in the direction
S 1 D 1 ABEOS 1 . During this time diode D 2 is
reverse biased. So it does not conduct any
electric current. During the next half cycle the diode
D2 is forward and D1 is reversed. Hence D 2
conducts current in the direction
S 2 D 2 ABEOS 2 and D1 does not conduct any current.
In subsequent half cycles of the A.C current
the above processes are repeated. In both the half
cycles it is clear that current flows through the
resistor in only one direction ABE. Even though the
voltage across RL is unidirectional it will still
contain a few A.C components. This is filtered
and made smooth using a capacitor, which
filters 99% of the A.C current. A resistor is t h e n
u s e d t o a d j u s t t h e o u t p u t v o l t a g e . Capacitor
also nearly filters all A.C components from the
supply and resistance is adjusted for the
required output. As this is a simple circuit,
only one capacitor and a resistance are being
used. But there will be slight factor of A.C.
current still left in the output but it is
negligible. The output Direct Current and voltage
light up the LED.

RECTIFIED D.C. VOLTAGE

 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Physics – Textbook for Class XII; NCERT
 Modern’s abc of PHYSICS
 LABORATORY MANUAL OF PHYSICS(Universal
Publications)
 Encyclopedias

Websites:

www.google.com

www.wikipedia.org

www.ncert.nic.in