MODEL QUESTIONS - BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE X-CLASS

5. LIFE PROCESSES
Jeç¿ìjáT\T
8 Marks Questions (8 eÖsÁTØ\ ç|ŸX•ø \T)
1. How do you demonstrate that carbon dioxide is necessary for photosynthesis?
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Á Èq« dŸ+jîÖ>·ç¿ìjTá Å£” ¿±sÁÒHŽ &ƒjÖá ¿Â àÕ &Ž nedŸseÁ T“ úeÚ mý² “sÁÖ|¾kÍïeÚ?
2. Write the experiment to show that chlorophyll is necessary for photosynthesis.
¿ìsÁDÈq« dŸ+jîÖ>·ç¿ìjáTÅ£” |ŸçÔáVŸ²]Ôá+ nedŸsÁeT“ “sÁÖ|¾+#û ç|ŸjîÖ>±“• çyjáT+&.

AP
3. Observe the diagram and answer the following questions.
|Ÿ{²“• |Ÿ]o*+º ç¿ì+~ ç|ŸX•ø \Å£” dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T çyjáT+&.

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i) What is the aim of this experiment?

‡ ç|ŸjÖî >·+ jîTT¿£Ø –<ûXÝ «ø + @$T{ì?
ii) Why do we keep KOH in one of the bell jars?
ÿ¿£ >·+³ C²&žýË KOH m+<ŠTÅ£” –+#eTT?
iii) What is the chemical used to test the presence of starch?
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|¾+&|Ÿ<‘sÁÆ+ –“¿ì“ |Ÿ¯¿ìŒ+#á&†“¿ì –|ŸjîÖÐ+#û sÁkÍjáTq+ @$T{ì?

iv) What is the purpose of keeping the plants in a dark room before the experiment?
ç|ŸjîÖ>±“¿ì eTT+<ŠT yîTT¿£Ø\qT N¿£{ì >·~ýË m+<ŠTÅ£” –+#*?
4. Write the activity you did in your laboratory to show the effect of saliva on starch.
|¾+&|<Ÿ ‘sÁ+Æ ™|Õ ý²ý²È\+ jîTT¿£Ø #ás«Á qT #áÖ|Ÿ&†“¿ì MTsÁT ç|ŸjÖî >·Xæ\ýË “sÁÇV¾²+ºq ç|ŸjÖî >±“•
çyjáT+&.
5. Describe an experiment to demonstrate that sunlight is essential for photosynthesis.
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Á Èq« dŸ+jîÖ>·ç¿ìjTá Å£” dŸÖsÁ«¿±+Ü nedŸseÁ T“ “sÁÖ|¾+#û ç|ŸjÖî >±“• $e]+#á+&.
6. Write the experiment of the fermentation process in yeast.
‡dt¼ýË È]¹> ¿ìDÇD ç|Ÿç¿ìjáT ç|ŸjîÖ>· $<ó‘H“• çyjáT+&.

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4 Marks Questions (4 eÖsÁTØ\ ç|ŸX•ø \T)

1. What are the differences between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition?
dŸÇjáT+bþwŸD, |ŸsbÁ þwŸD eT<ó«Š uñ<‘ó \T @$T{ì?
2. How are fats digested in our bodies? Where does this process take place?
eTq Xø¯sýË¢ ¿=eÚÇ\T mý² JsÁ’eTeÚԐsTT? ‡ ç|Ÿç¿ìjáT m¿£Ø&ƒ ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
3. Write the differences between arteries and veins.
<óŠeTqT\T eT]jáTT d¾sÁ\ eT<óŠ« uñ<ó‘\T çyjáT+&.
4. Write the differences between blood and lymph.
sÁ¿£ï+ eT]jáTT XËwŸsÁdŸ+ eT<óŠ« uóñ<‘\T çyjáT+&.
5. Write the differences between single circulation and double circulation.

AP
@¿£e\jáT eT]jáTT ~Çe\jáT ç|ŸdŸsÁD\ eT<óŠ« uñ<ó‘\T çyjáT+&.
6. Observe the table and answer the following questions.

Sl.No Digestive glands Digestive juice Enzymes

1 Salivary glands Saliva Salivary amylase
2 Gastric glands Gastric Juice Pepsin
3 Liver Bile juice No enzymes
4 Pancreas Pancreatic juice Trypsin

i)
T,
Name the enzyme secreted from gastric glands.
ii) What enzyme is secreted by the pancreas?
iii) Name the gland that releases digestive juice with no enzyme?
iv) What are the secretions of salivary glands?
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6. |Ÿ{켿£qT |Ÿ]o*+º ¿ì+~ ç|ŸXø•\¿£T dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T sjáT+&.
ç¿£.dŸ+ JsÁ’ ç>·+<óŠT\T JsÁ’ sÁdŸ+ m+CÉÕeTT\T
1 ý²ý²È\ ç>·+<óTŠ \T ý²ý²È\+ ý²ý²È\ nyîTý® Cñ Ù
2 ÈsÄÁsÁç>·+<óŠT\T ÈsÄÁsÁsÁdŸ+ ™||¾àHŽ
3 ¿±ýñjTá + ™|ÔÕ «á sÁd+Ÿ m+CÉeÕ TT\T ýñeÚ
4 ¿Ã¢eT+ ¿Ã¢eTsÁdŸ+ ç{ì|¾àHŽ
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i) ÈsÄÁsÁç>·+<óŠT\T qT+& çdŸ$+#á‹&û m+CÉÕeTTqT |s=Øq+&.

ii) ¿Ã¢eTç>·+~ó çdŸ$+#û m+CÉÕeTT @$T{ì?
iii) @ ç>·+~ó m³Te+{ì m+CÉÕeTT\T ýñ“ JsÁ’sÁdŸ+qT çdŸ$dŸTï+~?
iv) ý²ý²È\ç>·+<óŠT\T çdŸ$+#û JsÁ’sÁdŸ+ |¹s$T{ì?
7. Fill the blanks in the given table.
Sl. No. Secretions /enzyme Acts on
1 Salivary amylase a. ————
2 b. ————— Proteins
3 Bile Juice c. ————
4 d. ————- Fats

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7. ¿ì+~ |Ÿ{켿£ýË U²°\qT |ŸP]+#áTeTT.

e.dŸ+ JsÁ’sÁdŸ+ / m+CÉÕeTT #ásÁ« È]| |Ÿ<‘sÆ\T
1 ý²ý²È\ nyîTý® Cñ Ù e.———
2 f.————— çbþ{¡HàŽ
3 ™|ÕÔá«sÁdŸ+ g.———
4 h.——— ç¿=eÚÇ\T
8. Read the paragraph and answer the questions.
Dental caries or tooth decay causes gradual softening of enamel and dentine. It begins when
bacteria acting on sugars produce acids that softens or demineralises the enamel. Masses of

AP
bacterial cells together with food particles stick to the teeth to form dental plaque. Saliva
cannot reach the tooth surface to neutralise the acid as plaque covers the teeth. Brushing the
teeth after eating removes the plaque before the bacteria produce acids. If untreated, micro
organisms may invade the pulp, causing inflammation and infection.
i) What substance softens the enamel?
ii) What precautions should be taken to avoid dental caries?
iii) What can happen if brushing is not done after eating?
iv) How does dental plaque form?
8. ç¿ì+~ |s“ #á~$ ç|ŸX•ø \Å£” dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T çyjáT+&.
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<Š+Ԑ\™|Õ –q• |¾+>±D¡bõsÁ eT]jáTT &î+{ìHŽ\T ç¿£eT+>± yîTÔáï>± eÖsÁ&†“¿ì |¾|¾Î|ŸÞø—ß ýñ<‘ <Š+Ôá¿£ŒjáT+
¿±sÁDeTòÔáT+~. #á¿ØsÁ\™|Õ u²¿¡¼]jáÖ |Ÿ“#ûd¾q|ŸÚ&ƒT, |¾+>±D¡bõsÁqT yîTÔáï|ŸsÁº \eD²\qT ¿ÃýËÎjûTý²
#ûd €eÖ¢\ –ÔáÎÜïÔà ‚~ çbÍsÁ+uóe„ TòÔáT+~. €VŸäsÁ s¹ DTeÚ\T u²¿¡]¼ jáTýÙ ¿£D dŸeTÖVŸä\Ôà ¿£\d¾ <Š+Ԑ\qT
n+{ì™|³T¼¿=“ <Š+Ԑ\™|Õ bͺ“ @sÁÎsÁTkÍïsTT. <Š+Ԑ\qT bͺ ¿£|¾Î –q•+<ŠTq ý²ý²È\+ <Š+Ôá –|Ÿ]Ôáý²“•
#û] €eÖ¢“• Ôá³dӜ¿]£ +#áý<ñ TŠ . Üq• ÔásÁTyÔá <Š+Ôá <ó‘eq+ u²¿¡]¼ jáÖ\T €eÖ¢\qT –ÔáÎÜï #ûjTá &†“¿ì eTT+<û
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bͺ“ Ô=\ÐdŸT+ï ~. B““ ný² e~ýñdï dŸÖ¿£ˆŒ JeÚ\T <Š+Ôá+ý˓ >·TE¨qT(|ŸýÎÙ ) €ç¿£$T+º y|ŸÚqT, dŸ+ç¿£eTD²“•
¿£*ÐkÍïsTT.
i) <Š+Ԑ\™|Õ –q• |¾+>±DìbõsÁqT yîTÔáï>± eÖ¹sÌ |Ÿ<‘sÁÆ+ @$T{ì?
ii) <Š+Ôá¿£ŒjáT+ sÅ£”+&† rdŸT¿Ãy*àq C²ç>·Ôáï\T @$T{ì?
iii) Üq• ÔásÇÔá <Š+Ôá<ó‘eq+ #ûjáT¿£bþÔû @eTeÚÔáT+~?
iv) <Š+Ԑ\™|Õ bͺ mý² @sÁÎ&ƒTÔáT+~?
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9. Write the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

yjáTT eT]jáTT nyjáTT XæÇdŸç¿ìjáT\ eT<óŠ« >·\ uñ<ó‘\qT çyjáT+&.
10. What are the differences between the transport of materials in the xylem and phloem?
<‘sÁTeÚ eT]jáTT bþwŸ¿£ ¿£DC²ý²\ý˓ |Ÿ<‘sÆ\ sÁyD² eT<ó«Š uñ<‘ó \T @$T{ì?
11. Observe the flow chart and answer the following questions.

i) In which organelles does pyruvate break down into carbon dioxide and water?
ii) Where does glucose break down into pyruvate?
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iii) What are the end products of aerobic respiration?

iv) In which cells lactic acid is formed by the process of anaerobic respiration?
b˜þ¢ #sY¼qT |Ÿ]o*+º ç¿ì+~ ç|ŸXø•\Å£” dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T sjáT+&

AP
i) @ ¿£D²+>±\ýË ™|ÕsÁÖyû{Ù, ¿±sÁÒHŽ &ƒjáÖ¿Õà&Ž eT]jáTT úsÁT>± $ºÌq•+ neÚÔáT+~?
ii) >·Ö¿¢ ÃCÙ, ™|sÕ ÖÁ yû{Ù >± m¿£Ø&ƒ $ºÌq•+ neÚÔáT+~?
iii) yjáTTdŸV¾²Ôá XæÇdŸç¿ìjáT jîTT¿£Ø n+Ô᫖ÔáÎH•\T @$T{ì?
iv) @ ¿£D²\ýË nyjáTT XæÇdŸç¿ìjTá È]Ð ý²¿ì¿¼ ù €eT¢+ –ÔáÎÜï neÚÔáT+~?
12. Read the paragraph and answer the following questions.
Lung cancer is one of common causes of deaths in the world. The upper part of respiratory
tract is provided with small hair-like structures called cilia. These cilia help to remove germs,
dust and other harmful particles from inhaled air. Smoking destroys these hair due to which
germs, dust, smoke and other harmful chemicals enter lungs and cause infection, cough and
even lung cancer.
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i) What is the common disease of the lungs?
ii) What are the hair-like structures in the respiratory tract?
iii) How do the cilia help in the respiratory tract?
iv) What substances cause lung cancer?
ER

|s“ #á~$ ç¿ì+~ ç|ŸX•ø \Å£” dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T sjáT+&.

ç|Ÿ|+Ÿ #á+ýË eTsÁD²\Å£” >·\ kÍ<ó‘sÁD ¿±sÁD²\ýË }|¾]ÜÔáT\ï ¿±«qàsY ÿ¿£{.ì XæÇdŸHÞø+ ™|uÕ ²ó >·+ýË ºq•
yî+ç³T¿£\ e+{ì Xè*Õ Å£\T nHû “sˆD²\qT ¿£*Ð –+{²sTT. ‚$ |Ó\TÌÅ£”Hû >±*ý˓ dŸÖ¿£ˆŒ ç¿ìeTT\T, <ó֊ [
yîTT<ŠýÉÕq VŸä“¿£sÁyîT®q s¹ DTeÚ\qT e&ƒbþd¾ Ô=\ÐkÍïsTT. bõ>·çԐ>·&ƒ+ e\q ‡ XèÕ*¿£\T q¥kÍïsTT, |˜Ÿ*Ôá+>±
<óŠÖ[, bõ>· eT]jáTT ‚ÔásÁ VŸä“¿£sÁ sÁkÍjáTH\T }|¾]ÜÔáTï\ýË¿ì ç|Ÿyû¥+º dŸ+ç¿£eTD+, <Š>·TZ eT]jáTT
}|¾]ÜÔáT\ï ¿±«qàsYŔ£ Å£L&† ¿±sÁD+ neÚԐsTT.
i) }|¾]ÜÔáT\ï Å£” e#ûÌ kÍ<ó‘sÁD y«~ó @$T{ì?
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ii) XæÇdŸHÞø+ýË –+&û ºq•yî+ç³T¿£\ e+{ì “sˆD²\T @$T{ì?

iii) XæÇdŸHÞø+ý˓ XèÕ*¿£\T @ $<óŠ+>± dŸVŸäjáT|Ÿ&ƒÔsTT?
iv) }|¾]ÜÔáTï\ ¿±qàsYÅ£” ¿±sÁDyîT®q |Ÿ<‘sÆ\T @$T{ì?
13. Read the paragraph carefully and answer the following questions.
Blood pressure is measured with an instrument called sphygmomanometer. High blood
pressure is also called hypertension and is caused by the constriction of arterioles, which
results in increased resistance to blood flow. It can lead to the rupture of an artery and
internal bleeding. The force that blood exerts against the wall of a vessel is called blood
pressure. This pressure is much greater in arteries than in veins. The pressure of blood
inside the artery during ventricular systole (contraction) is called systolic pressure and pres
sure in artery during ventricular diastole (relaxation) is called diastolic pressure. The nor
mal systolic pressure is about 120 mm of Hg and diastolic pressure is 80 mm of Hg.
i) Which blood vessels have more pressure?
ii) What is normal blood pressure in humans?
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iii) Name the instrument that measures the blood pressure.

iv) What is the cause of hypertension?
13. |s“ #á~$ ç¿ì+~ ç|ŸX•ø \¿ì dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T sjáT+&.
sÁ¿£ï |Ó&ƒH“• d¾Î>ÈeÖHÃMT³sY nHû |Ÿ]¿£sÁ+Ôà ¿=\TkÍïsÁT. <óŠeT“¿£\T Å£”+º+#áTÅ£”bþe&ƒ+, |˜Ÿ*Ôá+>±
sÁ¿£ïç|ŸyVŸ²+™|Õ n~ó¿£ “sÃ<óŠ+ ¿£\>·&ƒ+ e\¢ n~ó¿£ sÁ¿£ï |Ó&ƒq+ (™VÕ²|ŸsY fÉqüHŽ) edŸTï+~. ‚~ <óŠeTqT\T
º{ì¢bþe&†“¿ì, eT]jáTT n+ÔásÁZÔá sÁ¿£ï çkÍy“¿ì <‘]rdŸTï+~.
sÁ¿£ïHÞø >Ã&ƒ\™|Õ sÁ¿£ï+ ¿£*Ð+#û |Ó&ƒH“• sÁ¿£ï|Ó&ƒq+ n+{²sÁT. ‡ |Ó&ƒq+ d¾sÁ\ýË ¿£H• <óŠeTqT\ýË #ý²
mÅ£”Øe –+³T+~. ÈsÄÁ]¿£\ d¾kþ¼ýÙ (dŸ+¿Ã#á+) È]¹> dŸeTjáT+ýË <óŠeTqT\ýË >·\ sÁ¿£ï |Ó&ƒH“• d¾kþ¼*¿ù
|Ó&ƒqeT“ eT]jáTT ÈsÄÁ]¿£\ &ƒjáÖkþ¼ýÙ (dŸ&ƒ*¿£) È]¹>³|ŸÚÎ&ƒT <óŠeTqT\ýË >·\ sÁ¿£ï|Ó&ƒH“• &ƒjáÖkþ¼*¿ù
|Ó&ƒqeT“ n+{²sÁT. kÍ<ó‘sÁD d¾kþ¼*¿ù |Ó&ƒq+ dŸTeÖsÁT 120 $T.MT. Hg eT]jáTT &ƒjáÖkþ¼*¿ù |Ó&ƒq+

AP
80 $T.MT. Hg (bÍ<ŠsÁdŸ+) –+³T+~.
i) @ sÁ¿£ïHÞ²\ýË n~ó¿£ sÁ¿£ï |Ó&ƒq+ –+³T+~?
ii) eÖqeړýË kÍ<ó‘sÁD sÁ¿£ï |Ó&ƒq+ m+Ôá?
iii) sÁ¿£ï |Ó&ƒH“• ¿=*#û |Ÿ]¿£sÁ+ |¹s$T{ì?
iv) n~ó¿£ sÁ¿£ï|Ó&ƒH“¿ì ¿±sÁD+ @$T{ì?
14. Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidney concerning
their structure and functioning.
“sˆD+ eT]jáTT $<óŠT\Å£” dŸ+‹+~ó+º }|¾]ÜÔáTï\ý˓ yjáTT>ÃDT\qT eT]jáTT eTÖçÔá|+¾ &†\ý˓
Hîçb˜ÍqT\“ bþ\Ì+&.
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15. Read the paragraph carefully and answer the following questions.
Kidneys are vital organs for survival. Several factors like infections, injury or restricted
blood flow to kidneys reduce the activity of kidneys. This leads to accumulation of poison
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ous wastes in the body, which can even lead to death. In case of kidney failure, an artificial
kidney can be used. An artificial kidney is a device to remove nitrogenous waste products
from the blood through dialysis.
i) What are the factors that reduce the activity of kidneys?
ii) What is an artificial kidney?
iii) Name the process involved in artificial kidneys.
SC

iv) What happens when the functioning of kidneys are reduced?

|s“ #á~$ ç¿ì+~ ç|ŸX•ø \¿ì dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T sjáT+&.
eTq eTqT>·&ƒÅ”£ eTÖçÔá |¾+&†\T eTTK«yîTq® nejáTy\T. dŸ+ç¿£eTD\T, >±jáÖ\T ýñ<‘ eTÖçÔá |¾+&†\Å£”
sÁ¿£ï+ dŸ]>± n+<Š¿£bþe&ƒ+ e\q eTÖçÔá|¾+&†\ |Ÿ“ rsÁTqT ÔáÐZkÍïsTT. ‚~ eTq Xø¯sÁ+ýË $wŸ|ŸP]Ôá e«sÁœ
|Ÿ<‘sœ\T #û]bþ&†“¿ì <‘]rd¾, ºesÁŔ£ eTsÁD²“¿ì <‘] rkÍïsTT. eTÖçÔá|+¾ &ƒ+ bÍ&îbÕ þsTTq|ŸÚ&ƒT, ¿£çÜeT
eTÖçÔá|¾+&†“• –|ŸjîÖÐkÍïsÁT. ¿£çÜeT eTÖçÔá |¾+&ƒeTHû~ &ƒjáÖ\d¾dt nHû ç|Ÿç¿ìjáT <‘Çs sÁ¿£ï+ qT+&
qçÔáȓjáTTÔá e«sÁœ |Ÿ<‘sœ\qT Ô=\Ð+#û ÿ¿£ jáT+çÔá+.
i) eTÖçÔá|¾+&†\ |Ÿ“ÔáH“• ÔáÐZ+#û ¿±sÁ¿±\T @$T{ì?
ii) ¿£çÜeT eTÖçÔá|+¾ &ƒ+ n+fñ @$T{ì?
iii) ¿£çÜeT eTÖçÔá|+¾ &ƒ+ýË ‚$T&jáTTq• ç|Ÿç¿ìjTá qT |s=Øq+&.
iv) eTÖçÔá|¾+&†\ |Ÿ“ rsÁT ÔáÐZq|ŸÚÎ&ƒT @$T ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
16. Describe briefly the structure of human excretory system.
eÖqe $dŸs¿¨Á £ e«edŸœ “sˆDeTTqT >·Ö]Ì Å£”|¢ +ïŸ >± çyjáT+&.
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2 Marks Questions (2 eÖsÁTØ\ ç|ŸX•ø \T)
1. What happens if acid is not secreted in the stomach?
Js’XøjáT+ýË €eT¢+ çdŸ$+#á¿£bþÔû @$T ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
2. If you meet a gastroenterologist, what questions will you ask about indigestion, good food
habits, and malnutrition diseases?
JsÁ¿’ ÃXøy«~ó “|ŸÚDT&“ ¿£*dï y]“ nJsÁe’ TT, eT+º €VŸäsÁ n\y³T¢ eT]jáTT bþwŸ¿±VŸäsÁ ýË|ŸeTTqÅ£”
dŸ+‹+~ó+ºq y«<óŠT\qT >·Ö]Ì @ ç|ŸXø•\T n&ƒT>·TԐsÁT?
3. What questions will you ask about respiratory diseases, if you have a chance to meet a
pulmonologist?
}|¾]ÜÔáT\ï y«~ó “|ŸÚDT&“ ¿£*d ne¿±Xø+ ¿£*ÐÔû, y]“ XæÇdŸ ¿ÃXø y«<óTŠ \qT >·Ö]Ì @ ç|ŸX•ø \T

AP
n&ƒT>·TԐsÁT?
4. what questions will you ask about kidney diseases and the maintenance of healthy kidneys
if you have a chance to meet a nephrologist?
eTÖçÔá|¾+&ƒy«~ó “|ŸÚDT&“ ¿£*d ne¿±Xø+ ¿£*ÐÔû eTÖçÔá|¾+&ƒ y«<óŠT\qT >·Ö]Ì, eTÖçÔá|¾+&†\ €sÃ>·«
|Ÿ]sÁ¿£ŒDqT >·Ö]Ì y]“ @jûT ç|ŸXø•\T n&ƒT>·TԐeÚ?
5. What questions will you ask about cardiovascular diseases, if you have a chance to meet a
cardiologist?
VŸ²ç<Ã>· “|ŸÚDT&“ ¿£*d ne¿±Xø+ ¿£*ÐÔû, y]“ VŸ²<ŠjTá dŸ+‹+<óŠ y«<óTŠ \T >·Ö]Ì @jûT ç|ŸX•ø \T

6.
n&ƒT>·TԐeÚ?
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What will happen if the gastric glands do not secrete mucus?
ÈsÄÁsÁç>·+<óŠT\T Xâ¢c͈“• çdŸ$+#á¿£bþÔû @$T ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
7. ‘Bile juice does not have any digestive enzyme but still plays a significant role in the process
of digestion’ How do you support this statement?
ER

»»™|ÕÔá«sÁdŸ+ýË m³Te+{ì JsÁ’ m+CÉÕeTT\T ýñq|ŸÎ{ì¿¡, JsÁ’ç¿ìjáTýË eTTK«yîT®q bÍçÔá bþw¾dŸTï+~.µµ ‡ y¿±«“•
úeÚ mý² dŸeT]ÝkÍïeÚ?
8. Why do muscle cramps in the legs occur during sudden activity?
€¿£d¾ˆ¿£ ¿£Ԑ«\ýË ¿£+&ƒs\T m+<ŠTÅ£” |Ÿfñ¼kÍïsTT?
9. Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mammals and birds?
¿¡ŒsÁ<‘\T eT]jáTT |ŸÅ£Œ”\ýË €eT¢È“ dŸV¾²Ôá sÁ¿£ï+, €eT¢È“sÁV¾²Ôá sÁ¿£ï+ yûsÁT#ûjáT‹&†*àq nedŸsÁ+ @$T{ì?
SC

10. ‘The presence of oxygen affects the fate of pyruvate’. How can you support this statement?
»»™|sÕ ÖÁ yû{Ù jîTT¿£Ø uó$„ Ôáy«“• €eT¢È“ ç|ŸyTû jáT+ ç|Ÿu²ó $Ôá+ #ûdTŸ +ï ~.µµ ‡ y¿±«“• úeÚ @ $<ó+Š >±
dŸeT]ÆkÍïeÚ?
11. What questions will you ask your teacher about the evil effects of tobacco consumption?
bõ>±Å£” $“jîÖ>·+ jîTT¿£Ø <ŠTçwŸÎuó²y\ >·T]+º Ôî\TdŸT¿Ãe&†“¿ì MT –bÍ<ó‘«jáTT“ @ ç|ŸX•ø \T n&ƒT>·TԐeÚ?
12. What will happen if platelets are absent in our body?
eTq Xø¯sÁ+ýË sÁ¿£ï|˜Ÿ\¿ì¿£\T ýñ¿£bþÔû @eTeÚÔáT+~?
13. What questions do you ask your teacher to know about blood pressure?
sÁ¿|ï£ &Ó qƒ + >·T]+º Ôî\TdŸT¿Ãe&†“¿ì MT –bÍ<ó‘«jáTT“ @ ç|ŸX•ø \T n&ƒT>·TԐeÚ?
14. What would be the consequences of deficiency of hemoglobin in our bodies?
eTq Xø¯sÁ+ýË VÓ²yîÖ>â_HŽ ÔáÐÔZ û ¿£*>¹ |Ÿ]D²eÖ\T @$T{ì?
15. What ways you can suggest to promote awareness about kidney failure?
eTÖçÔá|¾+&ƒ yîÕ|˜Ÿ\«+ >·T]+º ne>±VŸ²q ™|+#á&†“¿ì MTsÁT @ eÖsZ\qT dŸÖº+#á>·\sÁT?
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 MODEL QUESTIONS - BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE X-CLASS

16. If a person’s kidneys are not functioning properly, what might happen to their body?
ÿ¿£ e«¿ìï jîTT¿£Ø eTÖçÔá|+¾ &†\T dŸ]>± |Ÿ“#ûjTá ¿£bþÔû y] Xø¯s“¿ì @eTeÚÔáT+~?
17. What happens if the system of blood vessels develops a leak?
sÁ¿£ï HÞ²\ e«edŸœÅ£” º\T¢ @sÁÎ&Ôû @eTeÚÔáT+~?
18. What would happen if the heart’s valves were damaged?
VŸ²<ŠjTá +ý˓ ¿£y{²\T <î‹ÒÜ+fñ @eTeÚÔáT+~?
19. What would happen to a plant if its stomata were permanently closed?
ÿ¿£ yîTT¿£Ø jîTT¿£Ø |ŸçÔásÁ+ç<ó‘\T XæXøÇÔá+>± eTÖdŸTÅ£”bþÔû @$T ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
20. Why is it necessary to make the food alkaline in the intestine?
ºq• ç|>·TýË €VŸ²sÁ+ ¿Œ±sÁeÖ<Š«eT+ ýË¿ì eÖsÁe\d¾q nedŸs+Á @$T{ì?
1 Mark Questions (1 eÖsÁTØ ç|ŸXø•\T)

AP
1. Which chemical reactions take place in our body to break down the food materials?
€VŸäsÁ |Ÿ<‘sÆ\qT $ºÌq•+ #ûjáT&†“¿ì eTq Xø¯sÁ+ýË @ sÁkÍjáTq #ásÁ«\T ÈsÁT>·TԐsTT?
2. How many modes of nutritions? are there What are they?
bþwŸD $<ó‘H\T m“• sÁ¿±\T? n$ @$?
3. Name the raw materials required for autotrophs.
dŸÇjáT+bþwŸ¿±\Å£” nedŸsÁyîT®q eTT&|Ÿ<‘sÆ\qT |s=Øq+&.
4. Name the cells that regulate the opening and closing of stomata.

5.
T,
|ŸçÔás+Á ç<ó‘\T ÔîsTÁ #áT¿Ãe&†“•, eTÖdŸT¿Ãe&†“• “jáT+çÜ+#û ¿£D²\qT |s=Øq+&.
Give examples of organisms that digest the food material outside the body.
Xø¯sÁ+ ‹jáT³ €VŸäsÁ |Ÿ<‘sÆ\qT JsÁ’+ #ûdŸTÅ£”Hû JeÚ\Å£” –<‘VŸ²sÁD\T ‚eÇ+&.
6. Give an example of parasitic nutrition.
|Ÿsq•Je bþwŸDÅ£” –<‘VŸ²sÁD ‚eÇ+&.
ER

7. In which parts of the alimentary canal, proteins are digested?

JsÁ’ HÞø+ý˓ @jûT uó²>±\ýË çbþ{¡qT¢ JsÁ’+ neÚԐsTT.
8. What is the role of the tongue in food processing in the mouth?
HÃ{ìýË €VŸäs“• JsÁ’+ #ûd ç|Ÿç¿ìjáTýË H\T¿£ bÍçÔá @$T{ì?
9. What are peristaltic movements?
™|]kͼ*¿¼ ù #á\H\T n+fñ @$T{ì?
10. Fill in the blank.
SC

…......……. Protects the inner lining of the stomach from the action of hydrochloric acid.
U²°“ |ŸP]+#á+&.
™VÕ²ç&à ¿Ã¢]¿ù €eT¢+ ç|Ÿu²ó e+ qT+& Js’Xj
ø áT >Ã&ƒ\qT ......................... ¿±bÍ&ƒTÔáT+~.
11. Write the balanced chemical equation of photosynthesis.
¿ìsÁDÈq« dŸ+jîÖ>·ç¿ìjáT jîTT¿£Ø ÔáT\« dŸMT¿£sÁD+ çyjáT+&
12. What are the factors and products of photosynthesis?
¿ìsÁDÈq« dŸ+jîÖ>·ç¿ìjáT ¿±sÁ¿±\T eT]jáTT –ÔáÎH•\T @$T{ì?
13. The site of photosynthesis in the leaf is A and contains a green pigment B. What are A and B?
|ŸçÔá+ýË ¿ìsD
Á Èq«dŸ+jîÖ>·ç¿ìjTá È]¹> ç|Ÿ<Xû +ø A eT]jáTT ‚~ €Å£”|Ÿ#Ìá esÁç’ <Še«+ B“ ¿£*Ð –+³T+~.
A eT]jáTT B @$T{ì?
14. How is air filtered as it enters the human body?
eÖqe Xø¯sÁ+ý˓¿ì >±* ç|Ÿyû¥+#û³|ŸÚÎ&ƒT @ $<óŠ+>± e&ƒbþjáT‹&ƒTÔáT+~?
State Council of Educational Research and Training Andhra Pradesh
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 MODEL QUESTIONS - BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE X-CLASS

15. How do rings of cartilage in the trachea help in respiration?

yjáTT HÞø+ý˓ eT<ŠTý²d¾œ –+>·s\T XæÇdŸç¿ìjáTýË mý² dŸVŸäjáT|Ÿ&ƒÔsTT?
16. What are blood capillaries? What is their function?
sÁ¿ï£ ¿¹ XøH[¿£\T n+fñ @$T{ì? y{ì |Ÿ“ @$T{ì?
17. What are the fluids present in our body that help in transportation?
eTq Xø¯sÁ+ýË ç|ŸdŸsÁDýË dŸVŸäjáT|Ÿ&û ç<Šy\T @$T{ì?
18. Fill in the blank
Translocation takes place utilizing energy in the form of …………………………..
U²°“ |ŸP]+#á+&.
k͜H+ÔásDÁ ç|Ÿç¿ìjTá ýË $“jîÖÐ+#áT¿=Hû Xø¿ï¡ ..................... sÁÖ|Ÿ+ýË –+³T+~.

AP
19. Fill in the blank
………………………………. is involved in the transportation of food in plants.
U²°“ |ŸP]+#á+&.
yîTT¿£Ø\ýË ————————————- bþwŸ¿£ |Ÿ<‘sÆ\ sÁyD²ýË bÍý¤Z+³T+~.
20. Observe the flow chart and fill in the given blank.

Right Atrium K Right Ventricle K Lungs

T,
Which type of blood flows through this way.
b˜þ¢ #sY¼“ |Ÿ]o*+º, ¿ì+~ y¿£«+ý˓ U²°“ |ŸP]+#á+&.
Å£”& ¿£]’¿£ K Å£”& ÈsÄÁ]¿£ K }|¾]ÜÔáT\ï T
ER

@ sÁ¿£yîT®q sÁ¿£ï+ ‡ eÖsÁZ+ >·T+&† ç|ŸeV¾²dŸTï+~.?

21. The CO2-rich blood gets pumped to which part of the body and for what?
¿±sÁÒHŽ &ƒjáÖ¿Õà&Ž n~ó¿£+>± –q• sÁ¿£ï+ Xø¯sÁ+ý˓ @ uó²>±“¿ì |Ÿ+|Ÿ‹&ƒTÔáT+~? m+<ŠTÅ£”?
22. Why do ventricles have thicker muscular walls than atria?
¿£]¿’ \£ ¿£+fñ ÈsÄ]Á ¿£\T eT+<ŠyTî q® >Ã&ƒ\qT m+<ŠTÅ£” ¿£*Ð –+{²sTT?
23. What is called transpiration? Which parts of the plants are responsible for the process?
SC

uó²cþÎÔûà¿£+ n+fñ @$T{ì? yîTT¿£Ø\ý˓ @ uó²>±\T ‡ ç|Ÿç¿ìjTá Å£” ¿±sÁDeTeÚԐsTT?

24. What are the main parts of the human excretory system?
eÖqe $dŸs¿¨Á £ e«edŸýœ ˓ ç|Ÿ<‘ó q uó²>±\T @$T{ì?
25. Which process is involved in the removal of wastes in unicellular organisms?
@¿£ ¿£DJeÚ\ýË e«sÆ\qT Ô=\Ð+#á&ƒ+ @ ç|Ÿç¿ìjáT <‘Çs ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
26. What is the basic filtration unit in the kidneys?
eTÖçÔá|¾+&†\ jîTT¿£Ø çbÍ<óŠ$T¿£ e&ƒbþÔá ç|ŸeÖD²\T @$T{ì?
27. Fill in the blank with a suitable answer.

Kidney K ? K Urinary bladder K Urethra

dŸ] nsTTq |Ÿ<‘\Ôà U²°“ |ŸP]+#á+&.

eTÖçÔá |¾+&†\T K K eTÖçÔáXøjáT+ K ç|Ÿd¿£+
?
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 MODEL QUESTIONS - BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE X-CLASS

28. Name the substances selectively reabsorbed from the initial filtrate.
çbÍ<óŠ$T¿£ eTÖçÔá+ qT+& |ŸÚq'XËw¾+#á‹&û |Ÿ<‘sÆ\qT |s=Øq+&.
29. Observe the paragraph and answer the following questions.
ATP : ATP is the energy currency for most cellular processes. The energy released during the
process of respiration is used to make an ATP molecule from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

A) What is the energy currency?

B) In which life processes the ADP converts into ATP?
|s“ #á~$ ¿ì+~ ç|ŸX•ø \Å£” Èy‹T\T ‚eÇ+&.

AP
nHû¿£ ¿£D ç|Ÿç¿ìjáT\Å£” ATP mq¯¨ ¿£Âsúà>± –+³T+~. XæÇdŸç¿ìjáT ÈsÁT>·TÔáTq•|ŸÚÎ&ƒT $&ƒT<ŠýÉÕq Xø¿ìï ADP
eT]jáTT n¿£sÁÒq b˜ÍdÎ{Ù qT+& ATP nDTeÚ\T ÔájáÖ¯¿ì –|ŸjîÖÐ+#á‹&ƒTÔáT+~.

A) mq¯¨ ¿£s úà n+fñ @$T{ì?

B) @ Jeç|Ÿç¿ìjTá ýË ADP, ATP >± eÖsÁTÔáT+~?
30. Observe the table and answer the following questions.
Waste materials
T,
• Excess of water in plants
Eliminating process
• Transpiration
• Urea and uric acid • Excretion

i) Name the Nitrogenous wastes removed by the excretion process.

ER
ii) By which process the excess of water in plants removed?
30. |Ÿ{켿£qT |Ÿ]o*+º ¿ì+~ ç|ŸXø•\Å£” dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T çyjáT+&.
e«sÁÆ |Ÿ<‘sÆ\T $dŸ]¨+#û ç|Ÿç¿ìjáT
• yîTT¿£Ø\ý˓ n~ó¿y £ Tî q® úsÁT • uó²cþÎÔûà¿£+
• jáTÖ]jáÖ, jáTÖ]¿ù €eT¢+ • $dŸsÁ¨q

i) $dŸsÁ¨q ç|Ÿç¿ìjáT <‘Çs $dŸ]¨+#á‹&û qçÔáȓ e«sÆ\qT |s=Øq+&.

SC

ii) yîTT¿£Ø\ýË n<Šq|ŸÚ úsÁT @ ç|Ÿç¿ìjáT <‘Çs Ô=\Ð+#á‹&ƒTÔáT+~?

31. What will happen if small intestine is shorter like food pipe?
ºq•ç|>·T bõ{ì>¼ ±, €VŸäsÁyV¾²¿£ eýÉ –q•³T¢ nsTTÔû @$T ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
32. What will happen if our respiratory tract is not moist?
XæÇdŸeÖsÁZ+ Ôá&>± ýñq³T¢ nsTTÔû @$T ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
Chlorophyll
33. 6 CO2 + 12 H2O K
Sunlight
+ 6 H2O + 6O2

|ŸçÔábþ]Ôá+
6 CO2 + 12 H2O K + 6 H2O + 6O2
dŸÖsÁ«sÁ¥ˆ

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 MODEL QUESTIONS - BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE X-CLASS

6. CONTROL & COORDINATION

“jáT+çÔáD eT]jáTT dŸeTqÇjáT+
8 Marks Questions (8 eÖsÁTØ\ ç|ŸX•ø \T)
1. How is the brain protected? Explain its structure briefly.
eÖqe yîT<Š&Tƒ @$<ó+Š >± dŸ+sÁ¿+Œì #á‹&ƒTÔáT+~? <‘“ “sˆDeTTqT $e]+#á+&.
2. Describe the structure of a neuron and explain its function. How is its structure suitable for
the transmission of information?
qT«sHŽ “sˆDeTTqT $e]+#á+&. n~ dŸeÖ#sÁ ç|ŸdŸsÁD+ ¿ÃdŸ+ @ $<óŠ+>± nqTeÚ>± –q•~?

AP
3. How do you show Phototropism in plantss? Describe the procedure of the experiment.
yîTT¿£Ø\T ¿±+Ü¿ì nqTesÁïqeTTqT #áÖ|¾kÍïjTá “ @ $<óŠ+>± “sÁÖ|¾kÍïsÁT? dŸ+‹+~óÔá ç|ŸjîÖ>· $<ó‘qeTTqT
$e]+#á+&.
4. Write briefly about different hormones in plants.
yîTT¿£Ø\ý˓ $$<óŠ VŸäsÈq¢ >·T]+º Å£”¢|Ÿï+>± çyjáT+&.
4 Marks Questions (4 eÖsÁTØ\ ç|ŸX•ø \T)
1. Compare two types of movements shown in plants.

2.
T,
yîTT¿£Ø\ý˓ Âs+&ƒT $<ó‘ýÉÕq #á\H\qT dŸ]bþ\Ì+&.
How are involuntary actions and reflex actions different from each other?
n“jáT+çÜÔá #ás«Á \, ç|Ÿr¿±sÁ #ás«Á \ eT<ó«Š uó<ñ ‘\qT çyjáT+&.
3. What are the differences between a reflex action and walking?
q&ƒe&†“¿ì, ç|Ÿr¿±sÁ #ásÁ«Å£” >·\ uóñ<‘\qT çyjáT+&.
ER
4. Study the given information and answer the following questions.

TROPIC MOVEMENTS STIMULUS

Phototropism Light
Thigmotropism Touch
Chemotropism Chemical
Hydrotropism Water
Geotropism Gravitation
SC

(i) Name the movement that occurs in plants towards light?

(ii) Which plant part shows positive phototropic activity?
(A) Stem (B) Root (C) Leaves
(iii) Tendrils grow towards the support. Which type of tropism is this?
(iv) Roots grow towards water resources. Which type of tropism is this?
4. ç¿ì+~ dŸeÖ#sÁeTTqT #á~$ ç|ŸX•ø \Å£” dŸeÖ<ó‘qeTT*eÇ+&.
nqTesÁqï #á\H\T –BÝ|Ÿq
¿±+Ü nqTesÁqï + ¿±+Ü
dŸÎsôqTesÁqï + dŸÎsÁô
sÁkÍjáTHqTesÁïq+ sÁkÍjáTq+
ú{ì nqTesÁqï + úsÁT
>·TsÁTԐÇqTesÁqï + >·TsÁTԐǿ£sÁüD
State Council of Educational Research and Training Andhra Pradesh
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 MODEL QUESTIONS - BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE X-CLASS

(1) yîTT¿£Ø\ýË ¿±+Ü yî|Õ ÚŸ Å£” È]¹> #á\H“• |s=Øq+&.

(2) <óŠHÔሿ£ ¿±+Ü nqTesÁïq+qT yîTT¿£Ø\ý˓ @ uó²>·+ #áÖ|ŸÚÔáT+~?
(n) ¿±+&ƒ+ (€) yûsÁT (‚) |ŸçԐ\T
(3) qT*r>·\T €<ó‘sÁ+ yîÕ|ŸÚÅ£” ™|sÁT>·TԐsTT. ‚~ @ sÁ¿£yîT®q nqTesÁïq+?
(4) yûsÁT¢ ú{ì eqsÁT yîÕ|ŸÚqÅ£” ™|sÁT>·TԐsTT. ‚~ @ sÁ¿£yîT®q nqTesÁïq+?
5. Read the information and answer the questions given.
S. No. HORMONE ENDOCRINE FUNCTIONS
GLAND
1. Growth Hormone Pituitary Gland

AP
Stimulates growth in all organs.
2. Thyroxine Thyroid Gland Regulates metabolism for body growth.
3. Insulin Pancreas Regulates blood sugar levels
4. Testosterone Testes Development of male sex organs, spermato
genesis, sexual characters
5. Progesterone, Ovaries Development of female sex organs, ovulation,
Estrogen menstrual cycle etc.
6. Adrenaline Adrenal Gland Increase in blood sugar levels, heart beat rate,
respiration rate
7. Releasing Hormones Hypothalamus Stimulates Pituitary Gland to
T, release its Hormones.

(1) Name the gland that regulates blood sugar levels?

(2) Which endocrine gland promotes blood sugar levels?
(3) Name the male sex hormone.
ER
(4) What is the role of Hypothalamus in hormonal coordination?
5. |Ÿ{¿¼ì ý£ ˓ n+Xæ\qT #á~$ ‚eNj&q ç|ŸXø•\Å£” dŸeÖ<ó‘qeTT*eÇ+&.
e.dŸ+ VŸäsÈHŽ n+Ôá'çkÍM ç>·+~ó $<óŠT\T
1. ™|sÁT>·T<Š\ VŸäsÈHŽ |ÓjáTÖwŸ ç>·+~¸ n“• nejáTy\ýË ™|sÁT>·T<Š\qT ç|s¹ |¾dŸT+ï ~.
2. <î̧sÕ ¿ìàHŽ <î̧ÕssTT&Ž ç>·+~ó̧ Xø¯sÁ ™|sÁT>·T<Š\Å£” nedŸsÁyîT®q Je ç¿ìjáT\qT
“jáT+çÜdŸT+ï ~.
3. ‚qTà*HŽ ¿Ã¢eT+ sÁ¿£ï+ýË #á¿ØsÁ k͜sTT“ “jáT+çÜdŸTï+~.
SC

4. fÉkþ¼ds¼Ó HŽ eTTcÍØ\T |ŸÚsÁTwŸ ç|ŸÔTá «ÔáÎÜï uó²>±\ ™|sÁT>·T<Š\, Xø—ç¿£¿D

£ ²\
–ÔáÎÜï, ýÉÕ+п£ \¿£ŒD²\T
5. çbõCÉds¼¾ HŽ çdÓï ;È¿ÃXæ\T çdÓï ýÉ+Õ Ð¿£ nejáTy\ n_óe~Æ,
‡çkþ¼ÈHŽ ‹TTÔáT#áç¿£+ yîTT<ŠýqÕÉ y{ì“ “jáT+çÜdŸT+ï ~.
6. nç&q*HŽ n~óe¿£Ø ç>·+~¸ sÁ¿£ï+ýË #á¿ØsÁ k͜sTT XæÇdŸç¿ìjáÖ¹s³T, sÁ¿£ïç|ŸdŸsÁD
¹s³T\qT yû>·e+Ôá+ #ûjáT&ƒ+.
7. $&ƒT<Š\ VŸäsÈqT¢ ™VÕ²bþ<¸Šý²eTdt VŸäsÈq¢qT $&ƒT<Š\ #ûjTá &†“¿ì |ÓjTá ÖwŸ
ç>·+~ó“ ç|¹s|¾kÍïsTT.
(1) sÁ¿£ï+ý˓ #á¿£ØsÁ k͜sTT\qT “jáT+çÜ+#û ç>·+~ó @~?
(2) @ n+Ôá' çkÍM ç>·+~ó sÁ¿£ï+ýË #á¿£ØsÁ k͜sTT“ ™|+#áTÔáT+~?
(3) |ŸÚsÁTwŸ VŸäsÈHŽ @~?
(4) VŸäsÈq¢ “jáT+çÔáDýË ™VÕ²bþ<¸Šý²eTdt bÍçÔá @$T{ì?

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 MODEL QUESTIONS - BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE X-CLASS

6. Observe the picture and Identify the parts of the Neuron basing on the below describtion
(i) Part that acquires information.
(ii) Part through which information travels as an electrical impulse.
(iii) Part where this impulse must be converted into a chemical signal
for onward transmission.

¿£D<ûV²Ÿ +

¿¹ +ç<Š¿+£
(iv) Part where information receiving and sending parts are connected.

(Ôá+çÜ¿±¿£+Œ )
|Ÿ{²“• |Ÿ]o*+º ç¿ì+~ $esÁD\ €<ó‘sÁ+>± H&ž ¿£D+ý˓ uó²>±\qT >·T]ï+#á+&

&î+ç&î{Õ Ù
(i) dŸeÖ#sÁeTTqT ç>·V¾²+#û uó²>·+

H&ž n+Ôá«+
(ii) dŸeÖ#sÁ+ $<ŠT«ÔY ç|Ÿ#Ã<ŠH\ sÁÖ|Ÿ+ýË ç|ŸkÍsÁ+ ¿±‹&û uó²>·+
(iii) Ôá<ŠT|Ÿ] dŸeÖ#sÁ ç|ŸkÍsÁ+ ¿ÃdŸ+ $<ŠT«ÔY ç|Ÿ#Ã<Šq+ sÁkÍjáTq
ç|Ÿ#Ã<Šq+>± eÖsÁTÎ #î+<û uó²>·+

AP
(iv) dŸeÖ#sÁeTTqT ç>·V²¾ +#û eT]jáTT ç|ŸdsŸ D
Á >±$+#û uó²>·+ ¿£*d #óT
7. Diabetes is a chronic disease. What measures do you suggest to control blood sugar levels?
eT<ŠTyûTVŸ² y«~ó BsÁé ¿±*¿£yîT®q~. sÁ¿£ï+ýË #á¿£ØsÁ k͜sTT\qT n<ŠT|ŸÚýË –+#áT¿Ãe&ƒ+ ¿ÃdŸ+ m³Te+{ì
C²ç>·Ô\ïá qT rdŸT¿Ãy\“ dŸÖºkÍïeÚ?
8. What precation do you suggest to take steps in order to avoid Goiter disease?
>±sTT³sY y«~ó“ “y]+#á&ƒ+ ¿ÃdŸ+ m³Te+{ì C²ç>·Ôáï\qT úeÚ dŸÖºkÍïeÚ?
T,
2 Marks Questions (2 eÖsÁTØ\ ç|ŸX•ø \T)
1. Expand CNS & PNS.
CNS eT]jáTT PNS \qT $XøB¿£]+#á+&.
2. Give an example each for growth promoting and inhibiting phyto- hormones.
yîTT¿£Ø\ýË ™|sÁT>·T<Š\qT çbþÔáàV¾²+#û eT]jáTT ™|sÁT>·T<Š\qT “jáT+çÜ+#û |Ÿ<‘sÆ\Å£” ÿ¿=Ø¿£Ø –<‘VŸ²sÁDqT
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çyjáT+&.
3. Define Reflex arc. Give an example.
ç|Ÿr¿±sÁ #ás« #|ŸeTTqT “sÁǺ+º, ÿ¿£ –<‘VŸ²sÁDqT ‚eÇ+&.
4. What is the need of taking Iodine in food? Write the consequences of Iodine deficiency in
food?
€VŸäsÁ+ýË njîÖ&HŽqT uó²>·+>± #ûd¾¿Ãqe\d¾q nedŸsÁ+ @$T{ì? €VŸäsÁ+ýË njîÖ&HŽ ýË|Ÿ+ e\q ¿£*¹>
SC

|ŸsÁ«ekÍH\T sjáT+&?
5. What is the role of brain in reflex actions?
ç|Ÿr¿±sÁ #ásÁ«\ýË yîT<Š&ƒT bÍçÔá @$T{ì?
6. Compare coordination in plants and animals.
yîTT¿£Ø\T eT]jáTT È+ÔáTeÚ\ýË dŸeTqÇjáTeTTqT dŸ]bþ\Ì+&.
7. What will be the consequences of the damage of cerebrum? Which important actions will be lost?
eTd¾wï ŸØeTT <î‹ÒÜq•|ŸÚÎ&ƒT @$T ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~? @ @ eTTK« ç|Ÿç¿ìjTá \Å£” €³+¿£+ ¿£\T>·TÔáT+~?
8. How does the chemical coordination occur in animals?
È+ÔáTeÚ\ýË sÁkÍjáTq dŸeTqÇjáT+ @$<óŠ+>± ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
9. What happens if reflex reactions in humans do not occur?
eÖqeÚ\ýË ç|Ÿr¿±sÁ #ásÁ«\T ÈsÁ>·q³T¢ nsTTÔû @$T ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
10. What questions do you ask to an Endocrinologist about hormones?
VŸäsÈq¢qT >·T]+º m+&Ãç¿ÕH\›dŸT¼qT @jûT ç|ŸXø•\T n&ƒT>·TԐeÚ?
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11. What questions do you ask about coordination in animals?

È+ÔáTeÚ\ýË “jáT+çÔáD - dŸeTqÇjáTeTT\qT >·Ö]Ì @jûT ç|ŸXø•\qT n&ƒT>·TԐsÁT.
12. Why are some diabetic patients treated by giving injections of insulin?
eT<óŠTyûTVŸ² y«~óç>·dŸTï\Å£” ‚qTà*HŽ ‚+È¿£Œq¢qT ‚eÇ&†“¿ì ¿±sÁD+ @$T{ì?
13. How does our body respond when adrenaline is secreted into the blood?
sÁ¿£ï+ ý˓¿ì nç&q*HŽ çdŸ$+#á‹&q|ŸÚÎ&ƒT eTq Xø¯sÁ+ mý² dŸÎ+~dŸTï+~?
14. Involuntary actions like including salivation, blood pressure and vomiting are controlled

AP
by the Medulla of the hind brain.
Read the above passage and answer the questions given.
(1) What are called involuntary actions?
(2) Which part of brain controls involuntary actions?
sÁ¿ï£ |Ó&qƒ +, ý²ý²È\+ çdŸ$+#á&+ƒ , y+ÔáT\e&ƒ+ e+{ì n“jáT+çÜÔá #ás«Á \ú• yîqT¿£ yîT<Š&Tƒ ý˓ eTC²¨eTTKeTT
<‘Çs “jáT+çÜ+#á‹&ƒÔsTT.
T,
™|Õ |sqT #á~$, ç|ŸXø•\Å£” dŸeÖ<ó‘HeTT*eÇ+&.
(1) n“jáT+çÜÔá #ásÁ«\T n+fñ @$T{ì?
(2) n“jáT+çÜÔá #ásÁ«\qT yîT<Š&ƒT ý˓ @ uó²>·+ “jáT+çÜdŸTï+~?
15. The directional movement of a seedling is caused by growth. If it is prevented from
ER

growing, it will not show any movement. So, plants show two different types of movements
- one dependent on growth and the other independent of growth.
yîTT\¿Üïq $Ôáïq+ýË È]¹> ~XæÔሿ£ #á\q+ ™|sÁT>·T<Š\ e\q ¿£\T>·TÔáT+~. ÿ¿£yûÞø $ÔáïH“• m<Š>·Å£”+&†
n&ƒTŦ ”£ +fñ mý²+{ì #á\q+ ¿£\>·<TŠ . ¿±‹{ì¼ yîTT¿£Ø\T s +&ƒT sÁ¿±\ #áý²H\qT #áÖ|ŸÚԐsTT - ÿ¿£{ì
™|sÁT>·T<Š\ ™|Õ €<ó‘sÁ|&Ÿ q ~ ¿±>±, eTsÿ£{ì ™|sÁT>·T<Š\ ™|Õ €<ó‘sÁ|<Ÿ “Š ~.
SC

Read the above passage and answer the following questions.

(1) What are the movements that dependent on growth called?
(2) What are the movements that independent on growth called?
™|Õ |s ý˓ $wŸjÖá “• #á~$, ç|ŸX•ø \Å£” dŸeÖ<ó‘qeTT*eÇ+&.
(1) ™|sÁT>·T<Š\ ™|Õ €<ó‘sÁ|&Ÿ û yîTT¿£Ø\ý˓ #á\H\qT @eT+{²sÁT?
(2) ™|sÁT>·T<Š\ ™|Õ €<ó‘sÁ|&Ÿ “ƒ yîTT¿£Ø\ý˓ #á\H\qT @eT+{²sÁT?

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7. HOW DO ORGANISMS REPRODUCE?

JeÚ\T ç|ŸÔáT«ÔáÎÜï mý² ÈsÁT|ŸÚԐsTT ?
8 Marks Questions (8 eÖsÁTØ\ ç|ŸX•ø \T)
1. Describe the procedure followed by you in your school laboratory to observe the spores in bread
moulds.
s=fɋ¼ ÖEý˓ d¾<;݊ C²\qT |Ÿ]o*+#á&†“¿ì MT bÍsÄXÁ æ\ ç|ŸjÖî >·Xæ\ýË úeÚ “sÁÇV¾²+ºq ç|ŸjÖî >±“• $e]+#á+&.
2. Describe the procedure followed by you in your laboratory to observe budding in yeast.

AP
‡dt¼ ýË È]¹> yîTT>·Z Ô=&ƒ>&· +ƒ qT |Ÿ]o*+#á&†“¿ì MT ç|ŸjÖî >·Xæ\ýË MTsÁT nqTdŸ]+ºq $<ó‘H“• $e]+#á+&.
3. Describe the procedure followed by you to observe vegetative propagation in potatoes.
‹+>±Þ²<ŠT+|ŸýË XæFjáTç|ŸÔTá «ÔáÎÜï $<ó‘H“• |Ÿ]o*+#á&†“¿ì MTsÁT nqTdŸ]+ºq $<ó‘H“• $e]+#á+&.
4. Describe the modes of asexual reproduction.
$$<óŠ nýÉ+Õ Ð¿£ ç|ŸÔTá «ÔáÎÜï $<ó‘H\qT $e]+#á+&.
5. Write the procedure followed by you to conduct vegetative propagation by stem cutting in the
money plant.
eTú bÍ¢+{ÙýË ¿±+&ƒ#<ûó HŠ \ <‘Çs È]¹> XæFjáT ç|ŸÔTá «ÔáÎÜï ¿£Ôá« $<ó‘H“• sjáT+&.
T,
4 Marks Questions (4 eÖsÁTØ\ ç|ŸX•ø \T)
1. Write slogans to aware people on female foeticides.
u²*¿±çuó„ÖDVŸ²Ôá«\™|Õ ç|ŸÈ\Å£” ne>±VŸ²q ¿£*Î+#û+<ŠTÅ£” “H<‘\T çyjáT+&.
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2. With the help of the diagram write the difference between asexual reproduction in amoeba and
Leishmania.
¿ì+~ |Ÿ{²\qT |Ÿ]o*+º nMTu² eT]jáTT ©wˆ“jáÖ ý˓ nýÉ+Õ Ð¿£ ç|ŸÔTá «ÔáÎÜï $<ó‘H\ eT<ó«Š uó<ñ ‘\qT
çyjáT+&.
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3. Give an example for contraceptive that can protect us from STDs.

eTqqT STD \ qT+& ¿±bÍ&ƒ>·\ >·sÁÒۓsÃ<󊿣 |Ÿ<ŠÝÜ¿ì ÿ¿£ –<‘VŸ²sÁD“eÇ+&.
4. What precautions will you take to keep away from STDs?
STD \ qT+& ¿±bÍ&ƒT¿Ãe&†“¿ì úeÚ @jûT C²ç>·Ô\ ïá T rdŸTÅ£”+{²eÚ?
5. Observe the given picture and answer the following.

B i) Identify the parts A and B.

ii) Which type of asexual reproduction indicates this picture?
iii) Give another example for the same mode of asexual repro
duction.
A

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|Ÿ{²“• |Ÿ]o*+º ¿ì+~ ç|ŸXø•\Å£” dŸÂsÕq dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T çyjáT+&.

B i) A eT]jáTT B uó²>±\qT >·T]ï+#á+&.
ii) ‡ |Ÿ³+ @ nýÉÕ+п£ ç|ŸÔáT«ÔáÎÜï $<ó‘H“• dŸÖºdŸTï+~?
iii) ‚<û $<óy
Š Tî q® nýÉ+Õ Ð¿£ ç|ŸÔTá «ÔáÎÜï $<ó‘H“¿ì eTs=¿£
A
–<‘VŸ²sÁD ‚eÇ+&.
6. Observe the picture and answer the following questions.
i) Identify the given diagram.
ii) What are the future root and future stem?
iii) Name the part that serves as the food reserve in the seed.
|Ÿ{²“• |Ÿ]o*+º ¿ì+~ ç|ŸX•ø \Å£” dŸs qÕ dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T çyjáT+&.

AP
i) ‚ºÌq |Ÿ{²“• >·T]ï+#á+&.
ii) ¿±+&ƒ+ eT]jáTT yûsÁT>± n_óe~Æ #î+<û uó²>±\T @$T{ì?
iii) $Ôáïq+ýË €VŸäsÁ“\Ç>± |Ÿ“#ûd uó²>±“• |s=Øq+&.
7. Observe the given picture and answer the following questions.
i) What is the process found in the above picture?
ii) Which structure carries male germ cells into the ovary?
iii) Name the process by which pollen grains reach the stigma.
iv) Which floral part converts into fruit and seeds?
T,
7. |Ÿ{²“• |Ÿ]o*+º ¿ì+~ ç|ŸXø•\Å£” dŸÂsÕq dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T çyjáT+&.
i) |Ÿ³+ýË ¿£“|¾+#û ç|Ÿç¿ìjTá |s ¹ $T{ì?
ii) |ŸÚsÁTwŸ ;È¿£D²\qT n+&†XøjáT+ýË¿ì rdŸTÅ£”bþjûT “sˆD+ @$T{ì?
iii) |ŸÚbõÎ&¹sDTeÚ\T, ¿¡ý²ç>±“• #û¹s ç|Ÿç¿ìjáT |¹s$T{ì?
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iv) |ŸÚwŸÎ+ý˓ @ uó²>±\T |˜\ Ÿ + eT]jáTT $ÔáHï \T>± eÖsÁԐsTT?
8. Observe the given picture and answer the following questions.
i) What is the male reproductive organ in humans?
ii) Name the hormone produced by the testis.
iii) Which parts secrete the fluids that provide nutrition to sperm cells?
iv) Testis are located outside the abdominal cavity in ……
|Ÿ{²“• |Ÿ]o*+º ¿ì+~ ç|ŸX•ø \Å£” dŸs qÕ dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T çyjáT+&.
SC

i) eÖqeړýË |ŸÚsÁTwŸ ç|ŸÔTá «ÔáÎÜï nejáTe+ @$T{ì?

ii) eTTcÍØ\T –ÔáÎÜï #ûd VŸ²sÈHŽ |s=Øq+&.
iii) Xø—ç¿£¿£D²\Å£” bþwŸDqT n+~+#û ç<Šy“• çdŸ$+#û uó²>±\T @$T{ì?
iv) eTTcÍØ\T –<ŠsÁ Å£”VŸ²sÁ+ yî\T|Ÿ\ .................. ýË –+{²sTT.
9. Draw a labelled diagram of the longitudinal section of a flower.
|ŸÚwŸÎ+ “\TeÚ¿ÃÔá |Ÿ³+ ^º uó²>±\qT >·T]ï+#á+&.
10. Draw a labelled diagram of the female reproductive system.
çdÓï ç|ŸÔTá «ÔáÎÜï e«edŸœ |Ÿ³+ ^º uó²>±\qT >·T]ï+#á+&.
11. Give suggestions to your friend to be aware of reproductive health.
ç|ŸÔáT«ÔáÎÜï €sÃ>·«+ >·T]+º ne>±VŸ²q ¿£*¹>ý² MT d•V¾²ÔáT“¿ì dŸ\VŸä\T ‚eÇ+&.

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12. Observe the picture and answer the following questions.

i) Name the organism represented in this diagram?
ii) What is the function of a blob-like structure shown
in the diagram?
iii) Where do these organisms grow?
iv) What are the tiny structures that help in reproduction?
|Ÿ{²“• |Ÿ]o*+º ¿ì+~ ç|ŸX•ø \Å£” dŸs qÕ dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T çyjáT+&.
i) ‡ |Ÿ³+ýË dŸÖº+ºq J$ |¹s$T{ì?
ii) |Ÿ³+ýË dŸÖº+ºq ºq• ‹T&™| e+{ì “sˆD+ jîTT¿£Ø |Ÿ“ @$T{ì?
iii) ‡ JeÚ\T m¿£Ø&ƒ ™|sÁT>·TԐsTT?

AP
iv) ç|ŸÔáT«ÔáÎÜïýË bÍý¤ZHû dŸÖ¿£ˆŒ yîTq® “sˆD²\T @$T{ì?

T,
ER
SC

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8. HEREDITY
nqTe+¥¿£Ôá
8 Marks Questions (8 eÖsÁTØ\ ç|ŸX•ø \T)
1. Observe the picture and answer the following questions.
|Ÿ{²“• |Ÿ]o*+º ¿ì+~ ç|ŸX•ø \Å£” dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T çyjáT+&.

AP
|ŸsÁ |˜Ÿ\B¿£sÁD+

€Ôሠ|˜Ÿ\B¿£sÁD+

a) In the above diagram what are the contrasting visible characters used by Mendel?
b) Which character is exhibit in the F1 generation?
c)
d)
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What is the percentage of dominant character in the F2 generation?
What is the ratio seen in the F2 generation?
i) ™|Õ ºçÔá+ýË yîT+&ƒýÙ –|ŸjîÖÐ+ºq |ŸsÁdŸÎsÁ $sÁT<ŠÆ \¿£ŒD²\T @$T{ì?
ii) F1 ÔásÁ+ýË @ \¿£ŒD+ ¿£“|¾+º+~?
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iii) F2 ÔásÁ+ýË ¿£“|¾+ºq ‹V¾²sÁZÔá \¿£ŒD+ XæÔá+ m+Ôá?
iv) F2 ÔásÁ+ýË ¿£“|¾+ºq “wŸÎÜï sjáT+&.
2. Observe the picture and answer the following questions.
a) What are the sex chromosomes in males and females?
b) From whom does a boy inherit his X chromosome?
c) What happens if the ovum fertilizes with the Y
chromosome of the male gamete?
d) Who determines the sex of a baby?
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|Ÿ{²“• |Ÿ]o*+º ¿ì+~ ç|ŸX•ø \Å£” dŸeÖ<ó‘H\T çyjáT+&.

i) çdÓï, |ŸÚsÁTwŸ§\ý˓ ýÉÕ+п£ ç¿ÃyîÖCËeTT\T @$T{ì?
ii) ÿ¿£ nu²ÒsTT X ç¿ÃyîÖCËeTTqT me] qT+& ysÁdŸÔáÇ+>± bõ+<ŠTԐ&ƒT?
iii) Y ç¿ÃyîÖCËyŽT –q• |ŸÚsÁTwŸ;È ¿£D+, n+&†“• |˜Ÿ\B¿£sÁD+ #î+~dï @eTeÚÔáT+~?
iv) ¥Xø—eÚ jîTT¿£Ø *+>· “sÆsÁD mesÁT #ûkÍïsÁT?
3. How do Mendel explained the dominant and recessive traits with experiment?
yîT+&ƒýÙ Ôáq ç|ŸjîÖ>±\Ôà ‹V¾²sÁZÔá eT]jáTT n+ÔásÁZÔá \¿£ŒD²+Xæ\qT mý² $e]+#&ƒT?
4. How does Mendel’s experiment show that traits are inherited independently?
\¿£ŒD²+Xæ\T dŸÇÔá+çÔá+>± nqTe+¥¿£Ôá #î+<ŠTԐjáT“ yîT+&ƒýÙ ç|ŸjîÖ>±\T mý² “sÁÖ|¾kÍïsTT?
5. How is the sex of the child determined in human beings?
eÖqeړýË ¥Xø—eÚ *+>· “sÝsÁD mý² ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?

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1Marks Questions (1 eÖsÁTØ\ ç|ŸX•ø \T)

1. Which type of reproduction produces a maximum number of successful variations?
@ sÁ¿£yîT®q ç|ŸÔáT«ÔáÎÜï >·]wŸ¼ $ÈjáTe+ÔáyîT®q yîÕ$<ó‘«\qT –ÔáÎÜï #ûdŸTï+~?
2. How variations are caused?
yîÕ$<ó‘«\T mý² @sÁÎ&ƒÔsTT?
3. Which reproduction helps in the exchange of genetic material?
ÈqT« |Ÿ<‘sÁÆ eÖ]Î&¿ì @ ç|ŸÔTá «ÔáÎÜï dŸVäŸ jáT |Ÿ&Tƒ ÔáT+~?
4. Name two organisms in which sex determination is regulated by environmental factors.
|Ÿ]dŸsÁ ¿±sÁ¿±\#û *+>· “sÆsÁD “jáT+çÜ+#á‹&û Âs+&ƒT JeÚ\qT |s=Øq+&.

AP
5. What are inherited traits? Give Example.
ysÁdŸÔáÇ \¿£ŒD²+Xæ\T n+fñ @$T{ì? –<‘VŸ²sÁD*eÇ+&.
6. In garden peas a pure tall plant (TT) is crossed with a pure short plant (tt). What is the ratio of
pure tall plants to short plants in the F2 generation?
bõ&ƒeÚ \¿£D
Œ + ¿£*Ðq Ôó ‹{²“ yîTT¿£Ø“(TT), bõ{ì¼ \¿£DŒ + –q• ‹{²“ yîTT¿£ØÔà (tt) dŸ+¿£sÁD+ #ûXæsÁT.
F2 ÔásÁ+ýË Xø—<ŠÝ bõ&ƒeÚ eT]jáTT bõ{ì¼ yîTT¿£Ø\ “wŸÎÜï m+Ôá?
7. What is the ratio of dihybrid cross in F2 generation?
~Ç dŸ+¿£sÁ dŸ+¿£sÁD+ýË F2 ÔásÁ+ýË “wŸÎÜï @$T{ì?
T,
8. What is the ratio of monohybrid cross in F2 generation?
@¿£ dŸ+¿£sÁ dŸ+¿£sÁD+ýË F2 ÔásÁ+ýË “wŸÎÜï @$T{ì?
9. Who proposed the Laws of inheritance?
nqTe+¥¿£Ôá dŸÖçԐ\qT ç|ŸÜbÍ~+º+~ mesÁT?
ER
10. “Mother decides the sex of a baby.” Is this statement correct or not? Why?
»»_&ƒ¦ jîTT¿£Ø *+>·ÔÇ“• Ôá*¢ “sÆ]dŸTï+~.µµ ‡ y¿£«+ dŸÂsÕq<‘? ¿±<‘? m+<ŠTÅ£”?
11.A normal pea plant bearing-coloured flowers suddenly starts producing white flowers. What
could be the possible cause?
sÁ+>·T|ŸP\qT –ÔáÎÜï #ûd ÿ¿£ kÍ<ó‘sÁD ‹sГ yîTT¿£Ø n¿£k͈ÔáTï>± Ôî\¢“ |ŸÚeÚÇ\qT –ÔáÎÜï #ûjáT&ƒ+ È]Ð+~.
B“¿ì ¿±sÁD+ @yîT–® +&ƒe#áTÌ?
12. What is the genotypic ratio of the given table?
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‚eNj&q |Ÿ{¿¼ì ý£ ˓ ÈqT« sÁÖ|Ÿ “wŸÎÜï @$T{ì?

K
T t
K

T TT Tt
t Tt tt

13. As per the given chart who decides the sex of a baby? Mother or Father? Why?
‚ºÌq #sY¼ ç|Ÿ¿±sÁ+ ¥Xø—eÚ jîTT¿£Ø *+>·ÔÇ“• mesÁT “sÁ’sTTkÍïsÁT? Ôá*¢H ýñ<‘ Ôá+ç&H? m+<ŠTÅ£”?

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14. Observe the given picture and identify the recessive trait in these plants.
‚eNj&q ºçԐ“• |Ÿ]o*+º yîTT¿£Ø\ýË n+ÔásÁZÔá \¿£ŒD²“• >·T]ï+#á+&.

15. Observe the given picture and identify the ratio of F2 generation.

AP
‚eNj&q ºçԐ“• |Ÿ]o*+º F2 ÔásÁ+ý˓ “wŸÎÜï“ >·T]ï+#á+&.

|ŸsÁ |˜Ÿ\B¿£sÁD+

€Ôሠ|˜Ÿ\B¿£sÁD+
T,
16. Observe the given picture and write the dominant traits in the F1 generation.
‚eNj&q ºçԐ“• |Ÿ]o*+º F1 ÔásÁ+ý˓ ‹V¾²sÁZÔá \¿£ŒD²“• sjáT+&.
ER

(>·T+ç&ƒ“, €Å£”|Ÿ#áÌ) (eTT&ƒÔá\T, |ŸdŸT|ŸÚ)

(>·T+ç&ƒ“, |ŸdŸT|ŸÚ)
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17. What will happen if there are no variations in organisms?

JeÚýË¢ yîÕ$<ó‘«\T ýñ¿£bþÔû @$T ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
18. If trait A exists in 10% of a population of an asexually reproducing species and trait B exists
in 60% of the same population. Which trait is likely to have arisen earlier?
nýÉ+Õ Ð¿£ ç|ŸÔTá «ÔáÎÜï“ È]| ÿ¿£ J$ jîTT¿£Ø ÈHuó²ýË A nHû \¿£ŒD+ 10% –+fñ n<û ÈHuó²ýË
B nHû \¿£ŒD+ 60% –+~. @ \¿£ŒD+ eTT+<ŠT>± –<ŠÒÛ$+º –+³T+~?
19. How does the creation of variations in a species promote survival?
JeÚ\ýË @sÁÎ&û yîÕ$<ó‘«\T y{ì eTqT>·&ƒÅ£” mý² ÔÃ&ƒÎ&ƒÔsTT?
20. A man with blood group A marries a woman with blood group O and their daughter has blood
group O. Is this information enough to tell which trait is dominant?
A sÁ¿£ïesÁZ+ –q• |ŸÚsÁTwŸ§&ƒT O sÁ¿£ïesÁZ+ –q• çdÓï“ $yVŸ²+ #ûdŸT¿Ã>± y]¿ì |ŸÚ{ì¼q Å£”eÖÂsï O sÁ¿£ïesZ“•
¿£*Ð –+~. @~ ‹V¾²sÁZÔá \¿£ŒD+ n“ #î|ŸÎ&†“¿ì ‡ dŸeÖ#sÁ+ dŸ]bþÔáT+<‘?

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 MODEL QUESTIONS - BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE X-CLASS

21. What will happen if there are no dominant traits in organisms?

JeÚýË¢ ‹V¾²sÁZÔá \¿£ŒD+Xæ\T n+³T ýñq³¢sTTÔû, @$T ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
22. What will be the sex of a child if the sperm cell with Y chromosome fertilizes with an ovum?
Y ç¿ÃyîÖCËeTTqT ¿£*Ðq Xø—ç¿£¿D
£ + n+&ƒ+Ôà |˜\Ÿ B¿£sDÁ #î+<Š³+ e\q –<ŠÒ$Û +ºq _&ƒ¦ ýÉ+Õ Ð¿£Ôá @$T neÚÔáT+~?

AP
T,
ER
SC

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13. OUR ENVIRONMENT

eTq |Ÿs«esÁD+
4 Marks Questions (4 eÖsÁTØ\ ç|ŸX•ø \T)
1. Why is damage to the ozone layer a cause for concern? What steps are being taken to
minimize this damage?

AP
zCËHŽ bõsÁ Ôá>T· <Z \Š m+<ŠTe\q eTq+ |Ÿ]wŸØ]+#áT¿Ãe\d¾q dŸeTdŸ«? ‡ dŸeTdŸ«qT ÔáÐ+Z #á&†“¿ì
m³Te+{ì eÖsZ\qT ne\+_ó+#áe\d¾ –+³T+~?
2. »»Our activities will affect the environment.’’ Support the statement by giving instances for posi-
tive and negative effects on the environment.
»»eTq #ás«Á \T |Ÿs«esÁD+ ™|Õ ç|Ÿu²ó y“• #áÖ|ŸÚԐsTT.µµ ‡ y¿±«“• dŸeT]Æ+#á&+ƒ ¿ÃdŸ+ ¿=“• eT+º eT]jáTT
#î&ƒT ç|Ÿuó²y\qT –<‘VŸ²sÁD>± ‚eÇ+&.
3. Answer the given questions based on the picture.
(1) Name an organism that can be placed at the producers level.
Tertiary
T,
(2) Give an example for the secondary consumer.
(3) Give an example for the Tertiary consumer.
consumers
ÔárjáT
(4) What will happen, if primary consumers are removed $“jîÖ>·<‘sÁT\T
from the trophic level? Secondary consumers
|Ÿ³eTTqT nqTdŸ]+º n&ƒT>·‹&q ç|ŸXø•\Å£” dŸeÖ<ó‘qeTT*eÇ+&. ~ÇrjáT $“jîÖ>·<‘sÁT\T
ER
(1) –ÔáÎÜï<‘sÁT\ bþwŸ¿£ k͜sTT e<ŠÝ –+#á>·*Ðq ÿ¿£ J$ Primary consumers
çbÍ<ó$Š T¿£ $“jîÖ>·<‘sÁT\T
|sÁTqT çyjáT+&. Producers
(2) ~ÇrjáT $“jîÖ>·<‘sÁT“¿ì ÿ¿£ –<‘VŸ²sÁDqT ‚eÇ+&. –ÔáÎÜï<‘sÁT\T
(3) ÔárjáT $“jîÖ>·<‘sÁT“¿ì ÿ¿£ –<‘VŸ²sÁDqT ‚eÇ+&.
(4) çbÍ<ó$Š T¿£ $“jîÖ>·<‘sÁT\qT € bþwŸ¿£ k͜sTT qT+& Ô=\Ð+ºq³T¢
nsTTÔû @$T ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
SC

4. What precautions do you take to reduce ozone depletion?

zCËHŽ bõsÁ ÔásTÁ >·T<Š\ qT “jáT+çÜ+#û+<ŠTÅ£” úeÚ m³Te+{ì C²ç>·Ô\ïá qT rdŸTÅ£”+{²eÚ?
5. What precautions do you suggest to reduce the effects of non-biodegradable wastes?
Je $ºÌq•+ ¿±“ e«sÆ\ e\q ¿£*>¹ <ŠTçwŸÎuó²y\ “ysÁDÅ£” m³Te+{ì C²ç>·Ô\ïá qT rdŸTÅ£”+{²eÚ?
6. Suggest some methods to reduce chemical pesticides in agriculture.
e«ekÍjáT+ýË sÁkÍjáTq ç¿ì$TdŸ+VŸäsÁ¿±\ y&ƒ¿±“• ÔáÐZ+#á&ƒ+ ¿ÃdŸ+ ¿=“• C²ç>·Ôáï\qT dŸÖº+#á+&.
7. Write some slogans on ozone layer protection.
zCËHŽ bõsÁ |Ÿ]sÁ¿Œ£DqT >·Ö]Ì ¿=“• “H<‘\qT çyjáT+&.
8. Write some slogans to make people aware on the reduction of chemical pesticides.
ç¿ì$TdŸ+VŸäsÁ¿±\ y&ƒ¿£+ “jáT+çÔáD >·T]+º ç|ŸÈ\ýË ne>±VŸ²q ¿£*Ð+#áT³ ¿=sÁÂ¿Õ ¿=“• “H<‘\qT
ÔájáÖsÁT #ûjáT+&.

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2 Marks Questions (2 eÖsÁTØ\ ç|ŸX•ø \T)

1. What is Biological magnification? Explain with an example.
CÉÕ$¿£ eBÝ¿£sÁD n+fñ @$T{ì? ÿ¿£ –<‘VŸ²sÁDqT ‚eÇ+&.
2. Give any two ways in which non-bio-degradable substances would affect the environment.
Je$ºÌq•+ ¿±“ e«sÆ\ ¿±sÁD+ >± |Ÿs«esÁD+™|Õ |Ÿ&û Âs+&ƒT ç|Ÿuó²y\qT çyjáT+&.
3. What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
ÿ¿£ €esÁD e«edŸœ ýË $ºÌÛq•¿±sÁT\ bÍçÔá @$T{ì?

AP
4. What is ozone and how does it affect any ecosystem?
zCËHŽ n+fñ @$T{ì? n~ €esÁD e«edŸ\œ ™|Õ m³Te+{ì ç|Ÿu²ó y“• #áÖ|ŸÚÔáT+~?
5. Write two examples of biotic and abiotic components by taking an ecosystem as an example.
ÿ¿£ nesÁD e«edŸqœ T –<ŠV²Ÿ sÁD>± rdŸTÅ£”“, n+<Š* dŸJe eT]jáTT “¯¨e ¿±sÁ¿±\qT |s=Øq+&.
6. Predict the reason for food chains having only three or four trophic levels?
€VŸäsÁ|ڟ >=\TdŸT\ýË ¿¹ e\+ eTÖ&ƒT ýñ<‘ H\T>·T bþwŸ¿£ k͜sTT\T eÖçÔáyTû –+&ƒ{²“¿ì >·\ ¿±sÁD+ @$T{Ë
–V¾²+#á+&?
T,
7. What will happen, if we kill all the organisms in one trophic level?
ÿ¿£ bþwŸ¿£ k͜sTTýË –q• JeÚ\“•+{ìú #á+|dï @$T ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
8. The amount of ozone in the atmosphere began to drop sharply in the 1980s. This decrease has
been linked to synthetic chemicals like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) which are used as refriger-
ER

ants and in fire extinguishers. In 1987, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
succeeded in forging an agreement to freeze CFC production at 1986 levels. It is now mandatory
for all the manufacturing companies to make CFC-free refrigerators throughout the world.
Read the passage and answer the given questions.
(1) Name the gases that cause ozone depletion.
SC

(2) Expand UNEP.

yÔesÁD+ ýË zCËHŽ |Ÿ]eÖD+ 1980 \ ýË u²>± ÔáÐZbþe&ƒ+ çbÍsÁ+uó„yîT®+~. ‡ Ôá>·TZ<Š\ ¿Ã¢sÃb˜þ¢sà ¿±sÁÒHŽà
(CFC \T) e+{ì ¿£çÜeT sÁkÍjáTH\ y&ƒ¿+£ Ôà eTT&|&Ÿ – +~. M{ì“ oÔá©¿£sDÁ jáT+çԐ\ýË eT]jáTT eT+³\qT
€¹sÎ jáT+çԐ\ýË –|ŸjîÖÐkÍïsÁT. 1987 dŸ+eÔáàsÁ+ýË, ׿£« sÈ« dŸ$TÜ |Ÿs«esÁD ¿±sÁ«ç¿£eT+ (UNEP),
1986 H{ì k͜sTT\ e<ŠÝ CFC –ÔáÎÜï “\T|ŸÚ<Š\ #ûd+<ŠTÅ£” dŸ+‹+~ó+ºq ÿ|ŸÎ+<Š+ Å£”<ŠTsÁTÌ¿Ãe&ƒ+ýË dŸ|\˜Ÿ yîT®q~.
‚|ŸÚÎ&ƒT ç|Ÿ|+Ÿ #á y«|Ÿ+ï >± –ÔáÎÜï dŸ+dŸ\œ Å£” CFC sÁV¾²Ôá oÔá©¿£sÁD jáT+çԐ\ ÔájáÖ¯ Ôá|ŸÎ“dŸ] “‹+<óŠq>±
–q•~.
™|Õ |sqT #á~$ n&Ðq ç|ŸXø•\Å£” dŸ+<óŠqeTT*eÇ+&.
(1) zCËHŽ bõsÁ ¿¡ŒDÔáÅ£” ¿±sÁD+ nsTTq yjáTTeÚ\T @$T{ì?
(2) UNEP qT $XøB¿£]+#á+&.

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1 Marks Questions (1 eÖsÁTØ\ ç|ŸX•ø \T)

1. Give an example each for biodegradable and non biodegradable wastes?
Je$ºÌq•+ #î+<û eT]jáTT Je$ºÌq•+ #î+<Š“ e«sÝ\Å£” ÿ¿ÃØ –<‘VŸ²sÁD“eÇ+&.
2. Give an example each for natural and artificial ecosystems.
dŸV²Ÿ È eT]jáTT ¿£çÜeT €esÁD e«edŸ\œ Å£” ÿ¿ÃØ –<‘VŸ²sÁDqT ‚eÇ+&.
3. Expand CFC.
CFC qT $XøB¿£]+#á+&.
4. What is the main source of energy for an Ecosystem?
ÿ¿£ €esÁD e«edŸœ Å£” ç|Ÿ<ó‘q Xø¿ìï eqsÁT @$T{ì?
5. Write a food chain belonging to an aquatic ecosystem.

AP
ú{ì €esÁD e«edŸÅœ ”£ #î+~q ÿ¿£ €VŸäsÁ|ڟ >=\TdŸTqT çyjáT+&.
6. What would happen if all producers in an ecosystem die?
ÿ¿£ €esÁD e«edŸýœ ˓ –ÔáÎÜï<‘sÁT\ú• eTsÁD+ì ºq³T¢ nsTTÔû @$T ÈsÁT>·TÔáT+~?
7. What would happen if there are no decomposers in an Ecosystem?
@<îHÕ  €esÁD e«edŸýœ Ë $ºÌq•¿±sÁT\T ýñq³T¢ nsTTÔû @$T ÈsÁT>·TqT?
8. What would you conclude regarding the energy flow in an Ecosystem basing on the flow chart
given?
‚eNj&q b˜þ#¢ sY¼ €<ó‘sÁ+>± €esÁD e«edŸýœ ˓ bþwŸ¿£ k͜sTT\ eT<ó«Š Xø¿ïì ‹~© >·T]+º úeÚ @eT“ “sÆ]kÍïeÚ?
Top Carnivores
T,
nç>·çXâDì eÖ+kÍVŸäsÁT\T
q
Carnivores
ER
eÖ+kÍVŸäsÁT\T
q
Herbivores
X濱VŸäsÁT\T
q
Producers
–ÔáÎÜï<‘sÁT\T
SC

9. Which process is represented in the form of the given equation?

‚eNj&q dŸMT¿£sÁDeTTýË #áÖ|Ÿ‹&q ç|Ÿç¿ìjáT @$T{ì?
O2 ¾¾
UV
®O+ O
O + O2 UV
® O3
(Ozone) Tertiary
10. What is shown in the picture given? consumers
ÔárjáT
$“jîÖ>·<‘sÁT\T
‡ |Ÿ³+ýË @$T #áÖ|Ÿ‹&+~? Secondary consumers
11. Write a slogan on environmental protection. ~ÇrjáT $“jîÖ>·<‘sÁT\T
Primary consumers
|Ÿs«esÁD |Ÿ]sÁ¿£ŒDqT >·Ö]Ì ÿ¿£ “H<ŠeTTqT çyjáT+&. çbÍ<óŠ$T¿£ $“jîÖ>·<‘sÁT\T
Producers
–ÔáÎÜï< ‘sÁT\T

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