2021

(a) 1. What is the difference between transported soil and residual soil? [2]
2. Give one example of each soil.

(b) 1. Mention any one characteristic of Black Soil. [2]

2. Name a cash crop that grows well in this soil.

(c) Give a reason for each of the following: [3]

1. Alluvial soil differs in texture
2. Laterite soil is red in colour
3. Red soil requires irrigation

(d) 1. What is soil conservation? [3]

2. Mention two methods of soil conservation
2019

(a) 1. Name the Indian soil which is formed due to the weathering of basic igneous
rocks.
2. Name two states of India where this type of soil is found.

(b) Name the following : [2]

1. An important transported soil of India.

2. Soil that is rich in iron oxide.

(c) Give a geographical reason for each of the following : [3]

1. Terrace farming is an ideal soil conservation method for hilly regions.

2. Dry farming is preferred in areas with red soil.
3. Wind is a common agent of soil erosion in arid regions.

(d) Briefly answer the following : [3]

1. Mention one way in which man is responsible for soil erosion.

2. How can deepening of the river bed help in preventing soil erosion?
3. Mention a physical characteristic of Laterite soil.

2018
(a) 1. Why does alluvial soil differ in texture? [2]
2. State two cash crops that grow well in alluvial soil.

(b) With reference to black soil answer the following : [2]

1. Name one important crop which grows in this soil.

2. Give one chemical property of this soil.

(c) Give one geographical reason for each of the following : [3]

1. Red soil requires irrigation.

 2. Afforestation prevents soil from getting eroded.
3. Laterite soil is red in colour.

(d) 1.What is soil erosion? [3]

2. Mention two causes of soil erosion in India.

2017
(a) Mention two differences between Alluvial Soil and Black Cotton Soil. [2]

(b) Name an area in India in which each of the following processes take place: [2]

1. Sheet erosion
2. Gully erosion

(c) What is soil conservation? State a method of soil conservation in the: [3]

1. Arid and Semi-Arid region.

2. River valleys prone to flood.

(d) Name the soil which: [3]

1. Is good for cultivation of sugarcane.

2. is acidic in nature.
3. occurs ex situ.

2016

(a) What is soil erosion ? Mention two steps that could be taken to prevent soil
erosion.

(b) Mention two similarities between red soil and laterite soil. [2]

(c) Give a geographical reason for each of the following: [3]

(i) Alluvial soil differs in texture.
(ii) Black soil does not get leached.
(iii) Khadar is more fertile than bhangar

(d) Define the following: [3]

(i) Sheet erosion
(ii) Soil conservation
(iii) In situ soil

2015

(a) State the characteristic of each of the soils named below that makes them most
suitable for crop cultivation :
(i) Black soil.
(ii) Red soil. [2]

(b) State the geographic term for each of the following processes :
(i) The process by which soluble minerals dissolve in rain water and percolate to the
bottom, leaving the top soil infertile.
(ii) The process by which rain water, flowing in definite paths, removes the top soil,
thus causing deep cuts to the surface of the land. [2]

(c) Define the following :

(i) Pedogenesis.
(ii) Humus.
(iii) Bhangar. [3]

(d) Give a geographic reason for each of the following :

(i) Alluvial soil is extremely fertile.
(ii) Need for soil conservation.
(iii) Reafforestation should be practised extensively. [3]

2014

(a) State any two methods of controlling soil erosion. [2]

(b) Mention two differences between alluvial soil and red soil. [2]

(c) Give a geographical reason for :

(i) different regions in India having different kinds of soil.
(ii) black soil being suitable for growth of cotton.
(iii) the conservation of soil as a natural resource. [3]

(d) Name the soil which :

(i) is good for the cultivation of cashew nuts.
(ii) covers almost all of West Bengal.
(iii) is a result of leaching. [3]

2013
(a) Differentiate between Transported soil and In situ soil, quoting a suitable example
for each.
(b) State two differences between Bhangar and Khadar. [2]
(c) Name the process by which Laterite soil is formed. Mention one disadvantage of
this soil.
(d) With reference to Red soils in India, answer the following questions : [3]
(i) Name two states where it is found.
(ii) State two advantages of this type of soil.
(iii) Mention two important crops grown in this soil.

2012

(a) State two methods of controlling the erosion of soil caused by running water. [2]
(b) Mention two differences in the alluvial soil of the northern plains and the alluvial
soil on the coastal plains of India. [2]
(c) Mention any three characteristics of black soil which makes the soil fertile. [3]
(d) Give geographical reasons for the following:
(i) Laterite soil is not suitable for cultivation.
(ii) Red soil is red in colour.
(iii) Khadar soils are preferred to Bangar soils. [3]

2011

(a) Name two states in India where Regur soil is found. In what way does Regur soil
help agriculture. [2]

(b) Mention two main characteristics of Laterite soil. [2]

(c) State the difference between Alluvial soils found in the lower courses and the
upper courses of rivers. [3]

(d) Name two important agents of erosion. For each, state one method of controlling
the erosion caused. [3]

2010

(a) Name the soil which:

(i) covers the summits of the Eastern ghats.

(ii) makes up the delta of the river Ganga.

(iii) is the most suitable for the cultivation of cotton.

(iv) is sticky when wet and cracks when dry. [2]

(b) What is soil conservation ?How does reafforestation help in soil conservation? [2]

(c) Name the process by which laterite soil is formed. What climatic conditions are
responsible for its formation ? [3]

(d) Give reasons for:

(i) Black soil is largely found in the Deccan Trap region.

(ii) Khadar is more fertile than Bhangar.

(iii) Soil erosion by wind is common in arid regions. [3]