Kubernetes Installation - Ubuntu

Below Commands on Both Master - Slave(worker) Node (run command as root user)

sudo apt-get update -y

sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl
gpg
sudo mkdir -p -m 755 /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL
https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/deb/Release.key |
sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-
keyring.gpg
echo 'deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-
keyring.gpg] https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.30/deb/ /' |
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl
sudo swapoff -a
sudo sed -i '/ swap / s/^(.*)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab
free -m
sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf <<EOF
overlay
br_netfilter
EOF
sudo modprobe overlay
sudo modprobe br_netfilter
sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf<<EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
EOF
sudo sysctl --system
sudo apt install -y curl gnupg2 software-properties-common
apt-transport-https ca-certificates
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg |
sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/docker-
archive-keyring.gpg
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64]
https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs)
stable"
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt install -y containerd.io
sudo mkdir -p /etc/containerd
sudo containerd config default|sudo tee
/etc/containerd/config.toml
sudo sed -i 's/SystemdCgroup \= false/SystemdCgroup \=
true/g' /etc/containerd/config.toml
sudo systemctl restart containerd
sudo systemctl enable containerd
systemctl status containerd

Master Only config:

Run kubeadm from root user:

 kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=172.31.3.229(masternodeprivateip) --pod-
network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16

Enter the commands shown as output as a regular user(ubuntu). Copy and keep your
join command for slave node

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/flannel-io/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-

flannel.yml

Slave only config:

Run the join command as root user:

kubeadm join 172.31.3.229:6443 --token t6u4tu.w17z374p5vzd8sie --discovery-token-ca-

cert-hash
sha256:67582fe54e8b3dc7f8a39bf9ee4a12a9074a76be3c80d512b3a1ec3c6a6831e3

(Note you will get this join command in your master node after kubeadm init)

Confirm in master node, by running command

kubectl get nodes

Manifests

Pod manifest podmanifest.yml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: nginx-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx-container
image: nginx
ports:
- containerPort: 80

apply manifest

kubectl apply -f podmanifest.yml

Command Kubectl commands

list pods

kubectl get pods

Describe pod

kubectl describe pod nginx-pod (podname)

check logs

kubectl logs nginx-pod (podname)

how to get inside a pod

kubectl exec -it pod/nginx-pod -- /bin/bash

or

kubectl exec -it pod/nginx-pod -- sh

Delete pod

kubectl delete pod/nginx-pod

or

kubectl delete pod nginx-pod

list namespace

kubectl get ns
 or

kubectl get namespace

Create ns

kubectl create ns web(namespacename)

list pods in specific namespace

kubectl get pods -n web(namespace name)

delete ns

kubectl delete ns/web

or
kubectl delete namespace web

Replicaset:

apiVersion: apps/v1

kind: ReplicaSet

metadata:

name: nginx-replicaset

spec:

replicas: 3

selector:
 matchLabels:

app: nginx

template:

metadata:

labels:

app: nginx

spec:

containers:

- name: nginx-container

image: nginx

ports:

- containerPort: 80

kubectl apply -f replicamanifest.yml

kubectl get replicaset

kubectl delete replicaset/nginx-replicaset

Deployment:

apiVersion: apps/v1

kind: Deployment

metadata:
 name: nginx-deployment

spec:

replicas: 3

selector:

matchLabels:

app: nginx

template:

metadata:

labels:

app: nginx

spec:

containers:

- name: nginx-container

image: nginx:1.7.1

ports:

- containerPort: 80

kubectl apply –f deploymentmanifest.yml

kubectl get deployments

kubectl describe deployments/nginx-deployment

kubectl delete deployment nginx-deployment (To delete the

particular deployment)

kubectl rollout status deployment nginx-deployment ( To view

our rollout status)

kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx-deployment (To rollback

our deployment)

Services

Node port svc manifest

apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

name: nginx-service

spec:
 selector:

app: nginx

type: NodePort

ports:

- protocol: TCP

port: 80

targetPort: 80

nodePort: 30080

access: awsec2publicip:30080

Clusterip Svc manifest

apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

name: nginx-service

spec:

selector:
 app: nginx

type: ClusterIP

ports:

- protocol: TCP

port: 80

targetPort: 80

deploy centos pod - test curl clusteripsvcipadd:80 inside the

pod
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: centos-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: centos-container
image: centos:latest
command: ["/bin/sleep", "infinity"]
stdin: true
tty: true

test curl
go inside centos pod
kubectl exec -it pod/centos-pod -n test -- /bin/bash
or
kubectl exec -it pod/centos-pod -n test -- sh

curl clusterip:80
Kubernetes Ingress
Configuration
kubectl apply -f
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/controller-v1.8.2/
deploy/static/provider/baremetal/deploy.yaml

kubectl apply -f deploy.yaml

Ingressroute:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: nginx-ingress
spec:
rules:
- host: xyz.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: nginx-service
port:
number: 80

Kubernetes Dashboard
Configuration
Step 1: Apply manifest
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.7.0/aio/
deploy/recommended.yaml

Step2: Make svc to NodePort

kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard

kubectl edit svc/kubernetes-dashboard -n kubernetes-dashboard

type: NodePort

Step 3: Access the dashboard

Access https://publicipaws:nodeport/

Step 4:

kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kubernetes-dashboard

kubectl create clusterrolebinding cluster-admin-rolebinding --clusterrole=cluster-admin --

serviceaccount=kubernetes-dashboard:dashboard-admin

Step5: Create the secret

kubectl create token dashboard-admin -n kubernetes-dashboard

Step 6: Enter the token secret

Enter the token in dashboard UI Kubernetes

HPA config:
apiVersion: autoscaling/v2beta2
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
name: example-hpa
namespace: default
spec:
scaleTargetRef:
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
name: nginx-deployment
 minReplicas: 2
maxReplicas: 10
metrics:
- type: Resource
resource:
name: cpu
targetAverageUtilization: 60
d