PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

Quarter 1- Module 1:
Nature of Inquiry and Research

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Practical Research 1 – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1– Module 1: Nature of Inquiry and Research
First Edition, 2020

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 What I need to know

Every day you encountered various problems in any facets of life be it social, political,
environmental and personal. It may link between persons, groups or an organization. In this
case, there must be a solution not only to resolve it but can be a progress that everybody
benefited from it. As a learner how can you find a solution to these problems that is based on
knowledge not on ordinary beliefs, predictions or theories? You need to have this knowledge
through organized and well-planned procedures that are accurate and useful. Thus you need
to do research.
Research is asking what you know and think. It helps us to inquire on the right
information. It is of great importance to man in everyday life. The quality of man’s life is
improved through research making it easier and valuable from simple to modern. Research
develops you to an attitude to not believe everything easily available and seek for truth -
Research sharpens our mind to give a judicious vision to look. It is a catalyst in solving
complex issues in different sectors including health, communications, business and the
environment.

This module will assist you in understanding the following lessons:

Lesson 1. The Importance of Research in Daily Life

Lesson 2. The Characteristics, Processes, and Ethics of Research
Lesson 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Research
Lesson 4 .The Kinds of Research across Fields of Inquiry

Learning Objectives
After going through this module, you are expected to be able to:

1. share research experiences and knowledge

2. explain the importance of research in daily life
3. describe characteristics, processes, and ethics of research
4. differentiate quantitative from qualitative research
5. provide examples of research in areas of interest (arts, humanities, sports, science,
business, agriculture and fisheries, information and communication technology, and
social inquiry)

What I know

Direction:
A. Read the following statements. Answer TRUE if the statement describes a research,
FALSE if you think it is not. Write your answers on the blank.
1.There should be adequate data before conducting a research.
2.To have an objective view of his or her study, the researcher should avoid listening
to another researcher.
3.A researcher must read literature that relates to the problem he or she is studying.
4.An opinion from any person is recognized and considered as an answer to the
question asked by the researcher.
5.The researcher has the final say in his findings.

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 B. Underline the words in the box that are related to the definition of research.

biases Instrument theories factual investigation

intuition discovery system subjective Interview
dreams experiences data phenomena guessing
productivity drama validate opinions Literature

C. Using the words encircled, formulate your own definition of research.

Use the blanks provided.

1This set of questions presented in the pre-test are extracted from the work of Cristobal, A.P.
& Cristobal, M.D. (2016).Practical Research 1 for Senior High School. C & E Publishing, Inc.
Quezon City.

Lesson 1 The Importance of Research in Daily Life

What’s in?

In your junior high school, you learned that research is essential knowing that it is
used in your daily life. It will enable you for inquiry and research in finding solutions to
problems especially in real life situations. Sharing your experiences and knowledge on the
importance of research develops your skills to think critically and relate it in every decision
you do.

What’s New?

I. What is Research?

1. Research is defined as the scientific investigation of phenomena which includes

collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation of facts that lines an individual‘s
speculation with reality.
2. Solutions to problems must be based on knowledge not on mere beliefs, guesses or
theories.
3. In research a systematic and well-planned procedure is required to meet the need in
order that information is acquired and evaluate its accuracy and effectiveness.
4. It is a process of inquiring1.

II. Nature of Inquiry.

1. Inquiry is defined as “a seeking for truth, information or knowledge”.

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 It is a problem solving technique.
2. The information and data pursued through questioning begins with gathering by
applying the different human senses.
3. Individuals carry on the process of inquiry from birth till death.
4. Inquiry is synonymous with the word investigation.

1Focus on Research: a Guide to Developing Students ‘Research Skills (1990).Alberta. Canada.

III. Investigation and Immersion

Investigation has a deeper meaning compared to “inquiry”.

It is a systematic examination of a certain event or phenomenon.

Immersion is a process whereby a researcher immerses (deeply involves) himself in the data
gathering activities and the data he has gathered is carefully read or examined by him in
detail.

Combining the idea of “inquiry”, “investigation” and “immersion”, the concept of “research”
comes in.

IV. Differentiate Inquiry from Research

Inquiry is a term that is synonymous with the word ‘investigation’. When you inquire
or investigate, you tend to ask questions to probe or examine something to request for truth,
information, or knowledge.
Research is systematic and objective creation of knowledge systematic (with a system
or method, the scientific method), objective (no bias, all angles presented), knowledge creation
(a creative process)

V. Purpose of Research
1. To inform action.
2. To prove or generate a theory.
3. To augment knowledge in a field or study.

VI. Importance of Research in Daily Life

1. Research directs us to inquire about the right information by conducting further
investigation of the actual condition. It leads us to be cautious in giving results and
findings by proving lies and supporting the truth.
2. Research empowers us with knowledge and discovers new things and issues in life. It
helps us solve problems in health, crimes, business, technology and environment.
3. Research facilitates learning as an opportunity to share valuable information to others
as a way of recognizing various concerns for public awareness.

Activity 1: Question and Answer

Directions: Answer the questions briefly. Write your answers on the space provided,
1. What is Research?
2. What is inquiry and its nature?
3. What is the difference between inquiry and research?
4. How important is research in your daily life activities?
5. Why is there a need to conduct research?

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 What is it?

Discussion of Activity 1
You just learned the importance of research in daily life. Answer the following questions
briefly on the blanks provided.
1. Was there an instance in your life when you did an inquiry or research? Share and
describe your experiences .What are your challenges and difficulties?
2. As a learner in senior high school, how important is research in your daily life?

What’s more?

Direction: What makes these images a portrayal of what research is?

Write your reflection on the right space of the image.

1.

2.

3.

4.

What I have learned

Let’s check how well do you know about research. Write your answers on the space
provided.
1. Research is different from inquiry because the later will ask you a question .If
inquiring is synonymous with investigation then what makes inquiry different from
research which also investigates?
2. Research in our daily life help us to understand various issues in life leading to a
solution, in what way does research empowers you with knowledge to learn new
things?

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 What I can do

Direction. Answer the following question.

1. What is the importance of research in your education as a 21st Century learner?

2. As a learner, what do you want to research on? Why?

Additional Activities

Interview your classmate or a friend about their plans after senior high school. .Ask
them how research played a major role in their chosen track or strand. Make a report about
it and share it to your teacher.
Write your report using a narrative format. Make use of the notes you wrote down
before and after you conducted your interview to flesh out the report. The first is the brief
detail about what the report is, who is the interviewee and the location of the interview. Then
break up the interview into paragraphs, like narrating a story and finally a conclusion
paragraph to end your report.

Assessment

Direction:
A. Read the following statements. Answer TRUE if the statement describes a research,
FALSE if you think it is not. Write your answers on the blank.
1. An opinion from any person is recognized and considered as an answer
to the question asked by the researcher.
2. A researcher must read literature that relates to the problem he or she is
studying.
3. The researcher has the final say in his findings.
4.To have an objective view of his or her study, the researcher should avoid
listening to another researcher.
5.There should be adequate data before conducting a research.

B Underline the words in the box that are related to the definition of research.
phenomena experiences theories discovery validate
biases interview investigation intuition dreams
guessing system instrument Literature drama
subjective factual opinions data productivity

C. Using the words underlined, formulate your own definition of research.

1This set of questions presented in the post-test are extracted from the work of Cristobal,
A.P. & Cristobal, M.D. (2016).Practical Research 1 for Senior High School. C & E Publishing,
Inc. Quezon City.

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REFERENCES:
Abdullah, S.N. (2018) .Practical Research 1: Qualitative Research [PowerPoint
slides].Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu./ppt
Baraceros, E.L. (2016).Practical Research 1. Ist ed. Rex Book Store. Manila
Buenseco, D.B, Dacanay, D.E., Manalo, G.A. (2016).Department of Education
Practical Research 1. Teachers Guide .Ist ed. Lexicon Press, Inc. Pasig City
Calmorin, L.P. (2016).Research and Thesis Writing with Statistics and Computer
Application. Rev.ed.Rex Book Store. Manila
Cristobal, A.P., Jr, & Cristobal, M.D. (2016). Practical Research 1 for Senior High
School. Ist ed.C & E Publishing Inc.Quezon City.
Accessed in June 2020
https://www.slideshare.net/annnams1/lesson-1-nature-of-inquiry-and-research
https://rdcastro1.wordpress.com/2017/12/04/practical-research-1-quiz-1-reviewer/
https://studentniche.blogspot.com/2017/06/practical-research-lesson-1.html

Lesson 2 The Characteristics, Processes, and Ethics of

Research

Research is a process of gathering, analysing and interpreting information to answer

questions. A good research follows processes that must have certain characteristic. It must
be systematic, controlled, rigorous, valid and verifiable, empirical and critical. To avoid
unethical practices researchers had obligations to adhere professional standards in
conducting research .Thus to consider a research writing ethical it must be clear, accurate,
just and authentic.
.

What’s in?

In the previous lessons, you learned the meaning of research and its importance in
your daily life. Research is different from inquiry. When you inquire or investigate, you tend
to ask questions to probe or examine something to request for truth, information, or
knowledge. The importance of research helps improved life as well as finding a solution to
problems through reliable and validated information.

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 What’s New?

I. Characteristics of Research1
1. Empirical. Research is based on direct experience or observation by the researcher.
2. Logical. Research is based on valid procedures and principles.
3. Cyclical.Research is a cyclical process because it starts with a problem and ends with a
problem.
4. Analytical. Research utilizes proven analytical procedures in gathering the data, whether
historical, descriptive, and experimental and case study.
5. Critical. Research exhibits careful and precise judgment.
6. Methodical. Research is conducted in a methodical manner without bias using systematic
method and procedures.
7. Replicability. The research design and procedures are replicated or repeated to enable the
researcher to arrive at valid and conclusive results

II. The Seven Steps of the Research Process

Step 1. Define and develop your topic (Research Problem).

 Factors to Consider in Selecting a Research Problem

1. Researcher‘s area of interest
2. Availability of funds
3. Investigator‘s ability and training

Step 2. Find background information about your chosen topic (Review of Related
Literature).
Step 3. Plan your research design including your sample (Methodology).
Step 4. Gather necessary data using open ended questions (for qualitative research) and
closed-ended questionnaire or paper pencil test questionnaire (for quantitative
research) (Data Gathering Activities).
Step 5. Process and analyse data using thematic analysis (for qualitative research) and
statistical tools (for quantitative research).
Step 6. Formulate new insights gained (for qualitative research) conclusions (for
quantitative research) and recommendations.
Step 7. Define new problem.

1For more information on this Seven Steps of the Research Process, see Abdullah, S.N.
(2018).Practical Research 1: Qualitative Research [PowerPoint slides].Retrieved from
http://www.academia.edu./ppt

III. Ethics in Research

Research ethics are guidelines for the responsible conduct of research which educates
and monitors researchers to ensure high standard. It promotes the aim of research, such as
expanding knowledge and supports the values required for collaborative work, such as
mutual respect and fairness.

 Ethical considerations in conducting research

1. Objectivity and integrity

2. Respect of the research subjects ‘right to privacy and dignity and protection of

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 subjects from personal harm
3. Presentation of research findings
4. Misuse of research role
5. Acknowledgement of research collaboration and assistance
6. Distortions of findings by sponsor

 What are these ethics in research1?

1. Informed Consent.This is required to secure in order protect the rights of the participants
in your study. Inform your participants about the criteria set for choosing them as
informants and the schedule of one-on-one interview at the convenient time they are
available. Participation to the study will be completely voluntary.
2. Honesty.It report data, results, methods and procedures, and publication status. Do not
fabricate, falsify and misrepresent the data.
3. Objectivity.Avoid bias in experimental design, data analysis, data interpretation, peer
review, personnel decisions, grant writing, expert testimony, and other aspects of
research.
4. Integrity.Keep your promises and agreements; act with sincerity; strive for consistency of
thought and action.
5. Carefulness.Avoid careless errors and negligence; carefully and critically examine your
work and the work of peers. Keep good records of research activities.
6. Openness. Share data, results, ideas, tools and resources. Be open to criticism and new
ideas.
7. Respect for Intellectual Property. Honour patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets and
other forms of intellectual property. Do not use published or unpublished data,
methods, or results without permission. Give credit where credit is due. Never
plagiarize, fabricate and falsify.
8. Confidentiality. Protect confidential communications, such as papers or grants submitted
for publication, personnel records, trade or military secrets, and patient records.
9. Responsible Mentoring. Help to educate, mentor, and advise others. Promote their welfare
and allow them to make their own decisions.
10. Responsible Publication. Publish in order to advance research and scholarship, not to
advance your own career. Avoid wasteful and duplicative publication.
11. Respect for Colleagues. Respect your colleagues’ opinion, treat them fairly and do not
outsmart others.
12. Social responsibility. Strive to promote social acceptance and prevent or mitigate social
harms through research, public education, and advocacy.
13. Non-discrimination. Avoid discrimination against colleagues or students on the basis of
sex, race, ethnicity, or other factors that are not related to their scientific competence
and integrity.
14. Competence. Maintain and improve your own professional competence and expertise
through lifelong education and learning; take steps to promote competence in science
as a whole.
15. Legality. Know and obey relevant laws and institutional and government policies.
16. Animal Care. Show proper respect and care for animals when using them in research. Do
not conduct unnecessary or poorly designed animal experiments.
17. Human Subjects protection. When conducting a research on human subjects, minimize
harms and risks and maximize benefits; respect human dignity, privacy, and
anonymity.

1For more information on this Ethics of Research, see Abdullah, S.N. (2018).Practical
Research 1: Qualitative Research [PowerPoint slides].Retrieved from
http://www.academia.edu./ppt

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IV. Rights of Research Participants
1. Human Rights. They are moral principles or norms that describe certain standards of
human behaviour and are regularly protected as natural and legal rights. They
constitute a set of rights and duties necessary for the protection of human dignity,
inherent to all human beings.
2. Intellectual Property. It protects creations of the mind, which have both a moral and a
commercial value.
3. Copyright Infringement. It is the use or production of copyright-protected material without
permission of the copyright holder. Copyright infringement means that the rights
accorded to the copyright holder, such as the exclusive use of a work for a set period
of time, are breached by a third party
Examples:
a. Downloading movies and music without proper payment for use.
b. Recording movies in a theatre
c. Using others’ photographs for a blog without permission
d. Copying software code without giving proper credit
e. Creating videos with unlicensed music clips
4. Voluntary Participation. People must not be coerced into participating in research process.
Essentially, this means that prospective research participants must be informed
about the procedures and risks involved in research and must give their consent to
participate.
5. Anonymity. It is the protection of people’s identity through not disclosing their name or not
exposing their identity. It is a situation in data gathering activities in which
informant’s name is not given nor known.
6. Privacy. It is someone’s right to keep his personal matters and relationships secret. It is
the ability of an individual to seclude him from disturbance of any research activity.

V. Ethical Standards in Research Writing

Research Misconduct includes fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism. It doesn’t
include honest error of differences of opinion. It can erode trust between researchers and
funding agencies, which make it more difficult for colleagues at the same institution to receive
grants.

Plagiarism

Plagiarism refers to the act of using another person’s ideas, works, processes, and
results without giving due credit. It should not be tolerated as the unauthorized use of original
works, a violation of intellectual property rights.

Three different acts are considered plagiarism:

1. Failure to cite quotations and borrowed ideas,
2. Failure to enclose borrowed language in quotation marks, and.
3. Failure to put summaries and paraphrases in your own words.

Activity 1: Question and Answer

Directions: Answer the questions briefly. Write your answers on the space provided.
1. Why is research practical and realistic?
2. The first step of research process is to develop your topic or research problem. What is
the importance of considering those factors in selecting a research problem?
3. Explain briefly. Research starts with a problem and ends with a new problem.
4. What is the purpose of research ethics in doing research work?
5. A research can be replicated but not the findings. Why?

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 What is it?

Discussion of Activity 1

You just learned the characteristics, processes and ethics of research.

1. As a researcher, you can play the role of a member of a research team, can you identify
the processes involved in conducting research and its characteristics? Enumerate
those processes.
2. What are the various research ethics and rights of a research participants.

What’s more?

Read and Analyse

Direction: Read the following articles below and answer the questions that follow .Write
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Ethics in Qualitative Research

Certain ethical challenges in qualitative research necessitate sustained

attention of two interconnected worlds: the world of the researcher and the world of the
participant. A critical view of some of the ethical challenges in the participants’
andresearchers’ world reveals that how we examine both these worlds’ effects how we
design our research. In addition, it reflects the need for researchers to develop an ethical
research vocabulary at the inception of their research life through multiple modes. The
modes may include dialogue in the spoken and written and visual to affect their aims
to adhere to the principles of respect, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice in a way
that is mutually beneficial to the participant and the researcher.1
Further, the deliberations in this paper reveal that a critical conscious
research ethics are embedded in the unfolding research ethics process involving the
participants and the researchers, and both the participant and researcher add equal
weight to the transparency of the ethical process and add value to building
methodological and ethical rigor to the research. 1
The global public health response to COVID-19 could be significantly
enhanced by safe, effective vaccines and treatments, reliable measures of correlates of
immune protection, and improved scientific knowledge of the disease and its
transmission. It is widely agreed that vaccines would be particularly important, and
over 100 candidate vaccines are currently being developed . Well designed human
challenge studies provide one of the most efficient and scientifically powerful means for
testing vaccines, especially because animal models are not adequately generalizable to
humans.
Challenge studies could thus be associated with substantial public health
benefit in so far as they (a) accelerate vaccine development, (b) increase the likelihood
that the most effective (candidate) vaccines will ultimately become available), (c) validate
tests of immunity, and (d) improve knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection and
transmission.

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 Lesson 3 Quantitative and Qualitative Research

Research has two broad methodologies; qualitative research and quantitative

research. Quantitative and qualitative researches are complementary methods that you can
combine in your research studies to get results that are both wide-reaching and profound.
To get the best results from these methods in your research, it’s important that you
understand the differences between them which you will study in this lesson.

What’s in?

In the previous lessons, you learned that research should be systematic, objective,
feasible, empirical and clear. These characteristics guide you in realizing the real nature of
research following the processes as well as the factors in selecting your general problem or
topic. As a researcher you need to consider the ethics and unethical practices in conducting
research.

What’s New?

I. When to use Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research

Quantitative data can help you see the big picture.

Qualitative data adds the details and can also give a human voice to your survey results.

Concept Map showing the Designs of Research.1

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 Ethnography Experimental Research
Grounded Theory
Pre-Experimental
Case Study True-Experimental
Quasi-Experimental
Discourse Analysis
Phenomenology
Non-Experimental
Historical Research Research

Narrative Report (Survey Research)

1. Descriptive Research
Biography
2.Comparative Research
1. Scholarly Chronicle 3.Correlational Research
2. Intellectual
Biography
3. Life History Writing
Action Research
4. Memoir Biography
5. Narrative Biography

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II. Difference: Qualitative Research versus Quantitative Research2

Qualitative Quantitative
-It aims to create new theory based -The purpose is to test a
on the gathered data. hypothesis or theory.
Objective -A fact-finding research used to -Measures problem using rating
gain understanding of individual scale and other research
differences in terms of feelings and parameters of group similarities.
experiences.
-natural setting -measurement setting

-making stories out of a certain -performs measures out of a

Data Description
phenomenon. certain phenomenon.
-Uses pictures, words, sentences,
- Uses numbers, scales,
paragraphs, compositions,
narrations and short stories hypotheses, calculations,
computations and statistics tools.

Sample (size) Small judgment (by decision) Large sample representatives of

sampling population
Data Gathering Unstructured or semi structured Standardized /Structured
(flexible processes)
Uses census, survey
Uses interviews, participant questionnaire, checklist, paper-
observation, group discussions. pencil test and experimentation.
Ex: Case Study, field research
Uses closed ended questions.
Uses open ended questions. This questions can only be
It is a freeform survey questions answered by selecting from a
allow a participant to answer in limited number of options,
open-text format, responses are usually “multiple-choice”, “yes or
unlimited to a set of options. no”, or a rating scale

Example:
Example: Strongly agree to strongly
Guide questions for the interviews disagree
In quantitative research closed
1. What was your experiences ended questions are the basis of
during quarantine period on the all statistical analysis techniques
COVID-19 pandemic? How did you applied on questionnaires and
handle the situation caused by the surveys.
pandemic?
2. Was the support of the National Sample Question:
and Local Government enough for Do you agree on online modality
your basic needs? Did they conduct class in transitioning the new
evaluation for those who were normal of education?
affected? a. Strongly agree
b. Agree
c. Disagree
d. Strongly disagree

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 Inductive Deductive
The researcher starts with the Starts from a hypothesis or
Activities observations, an open mind without already created theory
biases, gathering all exact details of emphasizing the previously
the topic and generalization or new researched phenomenon from
theory is given towards the end of different views (tested against
the research process. observations).

-Uses both inductive and deductive

-They are not mutually exclusive with each other in research.
-Inductive method or “bottom-up” is used if the researcher starts
discussions from the lowest and highest means then explains the
Data discussions overall mean.
and Presentation -Deductive or “top-down “if discussion is from the overall mean going
to the lowest and highest means, deductive.
-Opinions are based on Opinions are based on laws, rules,
experience or observation. There or other recognized principles.
are no criteria used in data
discussions.

-Synthesize data, interpret, -Statistical

Data Analysis thematic. -Objective
-Subjective -The researcher employs standard
-Data analysis is influenced by the criteria in analyzing data.
personal experiences and views.
-Cultivates understanding with -Endorse a development.
Outcome high validity. Has high output replicability.
-There are no conclusions -Conclusion is formulated towards
formulated. the end of the research process.

1 For more information on these Designs of Research, see Abdullah, S.N. (2018).Practical
Research 1: Qualitative Research [PowerPoint slides].Retrieved from
http://www.academia.edu./ppt
2 For more information on “Differentiate Qualitative and Quantitative Research”, see

Abdullah, S.N. (2018).Practical Research 1: Qualitative Research [PowerPoint

slides].Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu./ppt

III. Similarities: Qualitative Research and Quantitative Research

1. Both have the process of inquiry and investigation.
2. Both improve life and help us in understanding various issues of life and in giving solutions
to our problems
3. Both start with a problem and end with a new problem.
4. Both use textual forms in analyzing and interpretation of data.
7. Both use inductive and deductive methods of presenting data.

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 What is it?

Discussion of Activity 1
You just learned to differentiate quantitative from qualitative research.
1. In one sentence, differentiate a quantitative research from qualitative research?
2. Tell whether the following statement is a quantitative research or qualitative research.
Explain your answer.
a. Prefer for statistical summary of results.
b. Prefer for narrative summary of results.

What’s more?

Direction: Using a Venn Diagram below, illustrate the differences and similarities
between a quantitative and qualitative method of research by filling in completely the Venn
diagram presented in the next page.

One example is done for you to follow.

Qualitative Research Quantitative Research

Similarities
Natural Dependent on
Setting Both are rigorous & statistical tool
uses textual form in
data analysis

What I have learned

Complete the box by filling out the missing description of qualitative or quantitative
research.
Qualitative Research Quantitative Research
1. Dependent on statistical tools
Uses open-ended questions 2.
Inductive in data gathering activities. 3.

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4. Results oriented and highly structured
Uses more flexible processes. 5.
6. Has high output replicability.
No conclusions formulated. 8.
9. Uses large sample size.
Data analysis is subjective. 10.

What I can do

What do the figures below mean? Explain and write your answer below.

Qualitative Research Quantitative Research

Additional Activities

Decide whether the following topics or research questions is qualitative or

quantitative. Explain why and what is your basis. Write your answers on the spaces
provided.
 Culinary Arts: Then and Now
 How do the TVL students feel about their chosen strand?
 What is the degree of satisfaction of students taking the different SHS?
Tracks?
 The Why and How of Social Networking Use
 The Level of Social Media Addiction among the Youth

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 What I know

Modified Identification

Direction: For the following research titles, identify from which field it belongs to by
choosing your answers from the box below. Write only the letter as your answer on the
space provided below each number.
A. Science Research
B. Fisheries research
C. Information & Communication Technology Research
D. Arts Based Research
E. Business Research
F. Humanities Research
G. Agriculture Research
H. Sports Research
I. Mathematics Research
J. Social Science Research
1 Scouring: Habitat Destruction of Coral Reefs and other Marine Animals
2.The Role of Computers in Digital Health Indicators
3. Students’ Misconceptions in Calculus
4. Making Bricks Out of Paper Strips
5.The Influence of Sports Activities on Learners Efficiency in Academics
6. Financial Attitude and Practices of Teachers
7. Psychosocial Stress Management of Senior High School Students
8. Effect of Classroom Environment through Classroom Structuring
9. Effect of Green Leaves as Nitrogen Fertilizers on Growth of Selected
Vegetables
10.Parenting Needs, Goals and Strategies for Single Parents

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 Lesson 4 The Kinds of Research Across Fields

Developing an interest in different kinds of research will help you look into something
that affects your personality or your life in some important way. If you are interested on a
topic you are researching, you will enjoy reading and learning about it. To define clearly the
types of research in areas of interest you want to embark, focus your scientific skills, your
passion and ideas. It supports you to connect to your
career path. The examples of research in areas of interest will lead you to choose specific
topic of your research study which you will be exploring to create new knowledge.

What’s in?

(
Review
In the previous lessons, you learned about research methods to be used in your
particular field of study. Whatever methods are used, there are many resources to support
research, and any number of variations to the basic methods. Choosing a method of research
that is adaptable in your study as a learner guides you to start making a decision on what
topic you want to pursue.

What’s New?

I. Kinds of Research across Fields

Areas of Interest Description Example of Studies

Arts-Based Personal expression in various art 1. The Role of Arts in Student

Research forms is use as a primary mode of Achievement in Reading
inquiry
2. How Classroom Artistic Structure
Motivates Learning
Deals with human culture such as
Research in 1 Values Education in the Public
philosophy, religion, literature,
Humanities Schools: Practices and Challenges
linguistics and history

2. Children In-Conflict with the

It includes ancient and modern
Law: A Resolution and Intervention
languages, human geography,
laws, politics and other social
sciences.
Sports Research Intended for athletes to endure 1. Student Involvement in Athletics
their health and wellness goals and their Academic Performance
through proven high quality
products. 2. Sports and Fitness Support on
Students in Public Schools
It helps the coaches and athletes
to access information and apply it

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 to develop programs and
techniques in sports.

Science Research Discover laws, postulates theories 1. Utilization of Garbage and other
that can explain natural or social Waste Resources as Cleaning
phenomena. Materials

Applies systematic and 2. Making of COVID -19 Cure out of

constructed scientific method to Heat Transfer
obtain, analyze and interpret data.

A strong and testable hypothesis

is the fundamental part of the
scientific research.

Provides mathematics mastery 1. Student Difficulties in General

topics and helps develops Mathematics: Remediation and
Mathematics confidence and interest to solve Interventions
Research more mathematical problems.

It may also assist to find new

methods to simplify calculations. 2. A Systemic Approach to Changing
Classroom Practices for Enhancing
Mathematics Outcomes

Agriculture Improves productivity and quality 1. Green Space in School: Social and
Research of crops irrigation, storage Environment Perspective
methods, effective farm
management and marketing of 2. Is Urban Gardening as a Source
agricultural resources. of Well-Being?

Agriculture is the backbone of the

economic system providing food,
raw material and employment
opportunities.

Fisheries research Increase the productivity and 1. Finding a Future: Sustaining

management of fishery resources Inland Fishery
to provide food: protect and
maintain different bodies of water
2. Fishing for Change: Fishery Policy
for sustainable supply of aquatic
resources. in the Philippines

Information and Aim to adapt current technology 1. The Role of ICT in the New
Communication advancement which enhances Normal Education
Technology (ICT) development of resources.
Research 2. Exploring the Interactive
Computer Simulation in Public
Schools

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 Business Research Acquire information in business to 1. Developing a Framework for
maximize the sales and profit. It Small Scale Business
aids business companies
regulates which product or service 2. Business Practices and
is most profitable or in demand. Strategies of Small Enterprises at
GMall

Social Science Finds solutions for human

Research behavior gathering information 1. The Impact of COVID-19
about people and societies. Pandemic on Employment
Opportunities

2. Implementation of Enhanced
Community Quarantined in Low
Risk Area of Davao del Sur.

(Source: Abdullah, S.N. (2018), Practical Research 1-Qualitative.ppt)

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