MCADD-106

windows
managing file and folder in
1. Creatingfolder, cut, copy, paste,
windows.
2. Arrange icons, set display propertieshardware
3. Adding and removing software and appearance.
4. Setting date and time, screen saver and
5. Using windows accessories.
6. Settings of all control panelitems
7. Search file
folder, rename, recycle
8. Windows - 2000 Desktop setting - new Display properties,
bin operation, briefcase, control panel utility,
screen saver, background setting

managing file and folder in

1. Creating folder, cut, copy, paste,
windows

paste, and manage files and folders

In Windows, you can create folders, cut, copy, \--
using both graphical methods (via the File Explorer).
Using the Windows Graphical Interface (File Explorer)
Creating a Folder:
1. Right-Click Method:
a folder).
- Right-click in the desired location (desktop or inside
- Select New > Folder.
- Name the folder and press Enter.

Cut, Copy, and Paste Files or Folders:

1.Using Right-Click Menu: select Copy.
- Copy: Right-click a file or folder and
Cut.
- Cut: Right-click a file or folder and select
-Paste: Navigate to the desired location, right-click, and select Paste.

Managing Files and Folders:

- Renaming:
 press F2.
-Right-click the file or folder and select Rename, or select it and
-Deleting: Bin)or Shift +
Select the file or folder and press `Delete (moves it toRecycle
Delete' (permanently deletes it).
-Moving Files/Folders:
- Drag and drop the file/folder into the desired location.

Organizing Files and Folders:

- Use File Explorer's Sort and Group options:
- Open a folder.
- Click View > Sort by orGroup by to organize files by name, type, date, etc.
- Use Search:
for files/folders.
- Press 'Ctrl + F in File Explorer and type keywords to search

Arranging icons and setting Display properties in Windows:

1. Arrange Icons on the Desktop

Automatically Arrange Icons:
1. Right-Click on the Desktop:
- Right-click on an empty area of the desktop.
- Hover over View.
automatically.
- Select Auto arrange icons to organize icons
to a grid.
When enabled, you cannot freely drag icons; they snap

Align lcons to Grid:

1.Right-click on the desktop.
2. Hover over View.
3. Select Align icons togrid. even spacing.
-Icons willsnap to a grid pattern, maintaining
Manually Arrange Icons:
View in the right-click menu).
- Ensure Auto arrange icons is unchecked (under
-Drag and drop icons to your preferred positions.
Sort Icons:
1. Right-click on the desktop.
2. Hover over Sort by.
3. Choose how to sort:
- Name: Alphabetical order.
-Size: File size (if applicable).
- Item type: Group by file types.
- Date modified: Organize by last modified time.
Resize lcons:
1.Right-click on the desktop.
2. Hover over View.
3. Choose the icon size:
- Large icons
- Mediumn icons
-Smallicons

2. Set Display Properties

Change Screen Resolution and Scaling:
1. Right-Click on the Desktop:
-Select Display settings.

2. Adjust Resolution:
- Scroll to the Display resolution section. 1920xl080).
- Use the dropdown menu to select a resolution (e.g.,
- Click Apply to confirm.
3. Adjust Scaling: 100%, 125%, 150%)
- Under Scale and layout,select a scaling percentage (e.g.,
smaller.
to make text and icons larger or
Change Display Orientation:
Display orientation.
1. In theDisplay settings menu, find
2.Choose:
-Landscape (default).
monitors).
- Portrait (useful for vertical rotated displays.
-Landscape (flipped) or Portrait (tlipped) for
3. Click Apply to save changes.
Set Multiple Displays:
1. In Display settings, scroll to multiple displays.
2. Use the dropdown menu to select:
- Duplicate these displays: Mirror the same content on all monitors.
-Extend these displays: Treat each monitor as part of alarger desktop.
- Show only on [1/2]: Display content only on a specific monitor.

3.Change Desktop Background and Colors

Set a Desktop Background:
1. Right-click on the desktop.
2. Select Personalize.
3.Under Background, choose:
-Picture: Select a specific image.
Solid color: Choose a single-color background.
Slideshow: Use a series of images as a rotating background.

4.Browse and select your desired images, then adjust the fit (e.g., Fill, Stretch,
Center).
Change Theme and Colors:
1. In the Personalization menu, go to Themes.
sounds.
2. Select or customize a theme with different backgrounds, colors, and
3. Under Colors, choose between:
- Light mode
- Dark mode
-Custom: Use light or dark for specific components.

4. Advanced Display Settings

1.Right-Click Desktop > Display settings >Advanced display settings:
graphics card information.
- View refresh rate, color format, and
SYSTEM?
Q.What are the basic components of WINDOWSOPERATING
The Windows operating system comprises several key components that work
together to manage hardware resources and provide services to applications. The
primary components include:
1. Kernel: The core of the operating system, responsible for managing system
kernel
resources, hardware communication, and low-level operations. It operates in
mode, providing essential services such as process and memory management.
specifics,
2. Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL): This layer abstracts hardware
allowing the operating system to interact with various hardware platforms
hardware
uniformly. It ensures that the OS can function across different
configurations without modification.
and services that run
3. User Mode Components: These include system processes hardware access.
direct
in user mode, providing various functionalities without Session
and the
Examples are the Client/Server Runtime Subsystem (CSRSS)
Manager Subsystem (SMSS).
File System (NTFS)
4.File System: Windows primarily uses the NewTechnology supports large volumes,
to manage files and directories on storage devices. NTFS
file-level security, and efficient data organization.
network connections and protocols,
5. Networking Components: These manage to network resources. They
enabling communication between devices and access
and resource sharing.
handle tasks such as data transmission, network security,

6. Security Subsystems: Components like the Local Security Authority Subsystem

authentication, and handle
Service (LSASS) enforce security policies, manage user
access controls to protect system integrity.
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) and
7. Graphical Subsystem:This includes themanage
Graphics Device Interface (GDI), which the graphical user interface,
the screen.
rendering of windows, and visual elements on

panel windows os:

Q.ExplainDisplay Properties setting in control
users to
the Display Properties settings allowbehavior.
InWindows operating systems,aspectsof their screen's appearance and
customize and adjust various
Accessing these setings can be done through the Control Panel or by right-clicking
on the desktop and selecting "Properties" or "Personalize," depending on the
Windows version.

Background (or Desktop): Enablesusers to changethe desktop background by

selecting a picture, solid color, or slideshow. Users can also customize how the
background image is positioned on the screen.
Screen Saver: Allows selection and configuration of a screen saver, including
setting the wait time before activation and requiring apassword on resume for
added security.
Appearance: Provides options to modify the visual elements of windows and
buttons, such as color schemes, fonts, and styles, enabling a personalized look and
feel.
Settings: Offers controls for adjusting screen resolution and color quality.Users
can also configure multiple monitor setups and access advanced settings for the
display adapter.

Q.What is mail merge? Explain steps mail merge two documents using MS
Word.
a batch of
Mail Merge is a feature in Microsoft Word that enables users to create
personalized documents by combining a single template with a data source
containing individual information. This is particularly useful for generating form
letters, labels, envelopes, or emails where each document includes unique details,
such as recipient names and addresses.
Word:
Steps to Perform aMail Merge in Microsoft
1. Prepare the Data Source: merged, such as an Excel
Create a data source containing the information to be well-structured, with
spreadsheet or an Outlook contacts list. Ensure that the data is Address).
Name, and
clear headers for each column (e.g., First Name, Last
2. Set Up the Main Document:
an existing one as your
Open Microsoft Word and create a new document or use
template. Mail Merge, and select the type of
Navígate to the Mailings tab, click on Start Envelopes, and Labels).
document you want to create (e.g., Letters,
Document:
3. Link the DataSource to the Main
choose Use an Existing List.
In the Mailings tab, click on Select Recipients and
 locate your data source file (e.g., Excel spreadsheet), select it, and
Browse to containing your data.
confirm the specificworksheet or table
4. Insert Merge Fields:
where you want personalized information to
Place your cursor in the document
field
appear.
Insert Merge Field in the Mailings tab and select the appropriate
Click on
(e.g., First Name, Last Name). personalized information you wish to include.
Repeat this step for each piece of

Documents:
5. Preview the Merged
merged
Results button in the Mailings tab to see how the
Use the Preview data.
documents will look with actual information appears correctly.
records to ensure that all
Navigate through the

6. Complete the Merge:

tab.
preview, click on Finish & Merge in the Mailings
After the

Q.explain Page Layout in word processing.

arrangement and formatting of elements on a page,
Page layout refers to appears in a document. Proper page layout ensures that
the
influencing how content readable. Key components of page layout
documents are visually appealing and
include:

Page Orientation:
document is displayed or printed.
Determines the direction in which a
Twocommon orientations:
vertically.
Portrait: The page is oriented horizontally.
Landscape: The page is oriented appearance and spacing of text and
images.
Changing the orientation can affect the

Page Size:
Specifies the dimensions of the page. 11")and A4 (210mm x 297mm).
Common sizes include Letter (8.5" x
 Selecting the
correctly. appropriate page size ensures that content fits well and
prints
Margins:
The blank spaces
between the content and theedges of the
Standardmargin settings provide a balanced and page.
Adjusting professional look.
margins can influence the amount of text per page and
readability. overall
Columns:
Dividing text into multiple columns can enhance readability, especially in
newsletters or brochures.
Columns help in organizing content and can be customized in terms of number and
width.

Headers and Footers:

Sections at the top (header) and bottom (footer) of each page.

Commonly used to display information like page numbers, document title, or
author's name.

Line Spacing and Paragraph Alignment:

of text.
Line spacing determines the amount of space between lines within
Paragraph alignment (left, right, center, justified) affects the text's alignment
the margins.
Q.Explain Microsoft Windows, Accessories. Tools in newer
In Microsoft Windows, Accessories (also known as Windows
users with various
versions) are a collection of utility programs designed to assist
tasks. These tools enhance the functionality of the operating system, providing
Accessories include:
capabilities beyond basic operations. Common Windows
and scientific calculations.
-Calculator: A utility for performing basic arithmetic
and editing plain text files.
- Notepad: A simple text editor for creating modifying images.
-Paint: Abasic graphics editor for creating 'and to the
capture portions of
-Snipping Tool: A screenshot utility that allows users
Screen.
 Character Map: Displays available characters in each font,
insert special symbols intodocuments. enabling users to
-WordPad: A basic word
processor for creating and editing formatted text
documents.
-Remote Desktop Connection: Allows users to connect to another computer
network or the internet. overa
- Disk Cleanup: A maintenance utility that frees up disk
space by removing
unnecessary files.
- Math Input Panel: Enables users to input mathematical expressions using a stylus
Or mouse.

Toaccess Windows Accessories:

1. Click the Start button or press the Windows key on your keyboard.
2. Scroll through the list of installed applications to find the Windows Accessories
folder.
3.Click on the folder to expand it and view the available tools.
to Windows
In Windows 11, the Windows Accessories folder has been renamed
Tools, but it stillcontains many of the same programs.