Lowersixth Biology Scheme of work 2016/2017

Seq Week Hr TOPIC CONTENT OBJECTIVES Suggested activities

No s students should be able to: Hint on methodology
1 3 - Contact with students - Students get to know subject
5th – 9th content and classroom rules
Sept. 1. Microscopy 1. Definition of microscope - Define a microscope
2. Light and electron microscopes - Identify the parts of the parts of a - Study the parts of a
3. Diagram of light microscope microscope microscope
4. Functions of parts of light microscope Give the uses of a microscope in - Uses and care of the
5. Care of the microscope the biology laboratory microscope
2 3 2. 1 1. The study of the cell (cell theory) - State the cell theory; give a brief - Observe prokaryotic and
12th –16th Introduction 2. The structure of the prokaryotic cell history eukaryotic cell under light
Sept. to the cell - Identify the components of a cell microscope
as seen under the light -
microscope
3 3 3. The structure of the eukaryotic cell - Observe, estimate size
19th -23rd 4. Differences between prokaryotic and - State the differences between and calculate
Sept eukaryotic cells. prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells magnification of prepared
plant and animal
Sequence 1

specimens
4 3 2.2. Cell Ultra 1. Structure of plant and animal cells as seen - Relate structure to functions - Mount, stain and observe
26th – structure under electron microscope - Compare structure of plant and slides of plant and animal
30th Sept (cell 2. Functions of parts of the plant and animal animal cells as seen under tissues e.g. onion
organelles) cells electron microscope epidermis, Bryophylum
2. Differences between plant and animal cells epidermis, Tradescantia
epidermis, cheek cells,
hair, follicle, letter E.
- Observe pond water and
Hay infusion to identify
various plants and
animals
5 3 2.3. Cell 1. Introduction - State the aim of cell division
3rd – 7th Division 2. Definition of terminologies - Define terms such as haploid,
Oct. 3. Chromosome structure and number diploid, chromosome, chromatid,
interphase, centromere, etc.
6 3 SEQUENCE
10th – 14th EVALUATION
Oct.
End of 1st sequence
1 3 4. Mitosis - Give the various steps of mitosis - Prepare and observe
n
u

2
q
e

e
S

1
 17th – 21st - Difference between mitosis in plant and and meiosis mitosis in onion root tip
Oct. animal cells - Describe chromosome movement - Draw, label and annotate
during mitosis and meiosis the various stages of
- mitosis and meiosis
2 3 5. Meiosis (reproduction division) - Differentiate between mitosis and
24th – 28th Comparison of mitosis and meiosis meiosis
–Oct
3 3 - Significance of mitosis and meiosis State the significance of each type
31st Oct - - Where mitosis and meiosis occur in life cycles of division in reproduction
5th Nov.. of plants and animals
Identification of haploid and diploid cells in
living organisms
4 3 2.4. 1. Movement of substances in and out of the cell Differentiate between diffusion, - Observe diffusion in
7th - 11th Movement of (diffusion, osmosis, active transport, osmosis and active transport and water, using a dye or ink
Nov. substances phagocytosis, pinocytosis) simply mentioned explain their roles in living - Carryout experiment
(details will be done under plants) organisms using potato and salt to
observe osmosis
5 3 3. Molecular 1. Structure of monosaccharides, disaccharides, Identify the different types of
14th – 18th organization polysaccharides (starch, glycogen, cellulose) carbohydrates
Nov. 3.1.
Carbohydrate
s
6 3 SEQUENCE -
21st – 25th EVALUATION
Nov.
End of 2nd sequence
1 3 2. Other polysaccharides, reducing and non- - Experiments to identify
28 Nov –
th reducing sugars. the following in a
2nd Dec. laboratory:
- Starch, reducing and non-
reducing sugars
Sequence 3

Proteins, lipid, vitamin C

2 3 3.2. Lipids 1. Tryglycerides Identify the different types of
5th – 9th 2. Phospholipids lipids
Dec.
3 3 3. Waxes
12th – 16th 4. Functions of lipids
Dec
4 3 3.3. Proteins 1. Amino acids Identify the structural unit of
19th – 2. Synthesis of polypeptides proteins

2
 23rd
Christmas Break
5 3 3. Functions of polypeptides State the functions of polypeptides
9 – 13
th th 4. Protein structures
Jan.
6 3 SEQUENCE
16th – 20th EVALUATION
Jan.
End of 3rd sequence
1 3 3.4. Nucleic Evidence that the nucleus contains the Identify the different nucleic acids Experiments on the
23rd – acids hereditary material and state their roles in protein preparation of plant and
27 Jan.
th Evidence that DNA is the hereditary material synthesis and reproduction animal tissues using slides
State common mutagens to show details including
the nuclei
2 3 Experiments on bacterial transformation Describe experiments explaining
30th – 3rd Experiment to identify the transformation and transformation
Feb. the transforming principle
3 3 Transduction experiments Describe experiments explaining
Sequence 4

6th – 10th Chromosome analysis transduction principles

Feb. Metabolic stability of DNA
4 3 Constancy of DNA within the cell
13th – 17th Connection between mutagenesis and their
Feb. effects on DNA
5 3 Structure of nucleotides Identify the different components Use of models
20th – 24th Ribonucleic acid (RNA), deoxyribonucleic acid that make up a nucleotide
Feb. (DNA)
Differences between RNA and DNA
6th 3 SEQUENCE
27th Feb. EVALUATION
– 3rd Mar.
End of 4th sequence
1 3 DNA replication - Give the stages involved in DNA
6th – 10th The genetic code replication, specifying the
Mar. enzymes that are involved in the
Sequence 5

process
2 3 Protein synthesis - Explain the stages that lead to
13th – 17th Gene expression and control (operon) the synthesis of proteins
Mar. - Explain cellular regulation
3 3 5.5. Enzymes Enzyme structure and function
20th – 24th Enzyme and activation energy

3
 Mar.
4 3 Mechanism of enzyme action Explain the various hypothesis of
27th – 31st enzyme action
Mar.
2 term break
nd

5 3 Properties of enzymes Explain the properties and - Simple experiments to

17th – 21st specificity, reversibility, enzyme concentration, functioning of enzymes show the presence of
Apr. substrate concentration, temperature, inhibitors Explain the effects of different enzyme action in plant
factors on enzyme catalyzed and animal tissues e.g.
reactions potato, liver, kidney,
muscle, etc.
- Experimental work to
include a study of the
effect of temperature, pH,
substrate and enzyme
concentration on enzymes
catalysed reactions using
examples of enzymes such
as amylase (diastase),
sucrose (invertase),
catalase
dehydrogenase,etc
6 3 SEQUENCE
24th – 28th EVALUATION
Apr.
End of 5th sequence
1 3 Enzyme cofactors, activators and prosthetic
2nd – 5th groups
May
2 3 Classification of enzymes - Give the various classes or
8th – 12th groups into which enzymes can
Sequence 6

May be classified
3 3 Control of metabolic pathway
15 – 19
th th

May
4 3
22 - 26
nd th

May
5 SEQUENCE
29th May EVALUATION
4
 – 2nd Jun.

UPPER SIXTH BIOLOGY SCHEME OF WORKS FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2017 – 2018
Wk s Content OBJECTIVES: Suggested Suggested Student’s Materials, Competence
The students teacher’s activities teaching aids Envisaged
should be able to: activities

START OF SEQUENCE 1

Wk 1 1.0. HEREDITY AND GENETICS  Distinguish F1 and Defines and Students learn to define Family pictures Capacity
Sept. 1.1. Introduction and Definition of F2 generations, explains terms as terms as used in genetics. judgment,
04 – terms as used in genetics genotype and used in genetics. interpretation
08 1.2. Mendelian laws of inheritance and appreciating
phenotype,
the flow of genes
1.2.1. Mendel’s law of segregation haploidy and
through
1.2.2. Monohybrid inheritance diploidy, generations.
1.2.3. Genetic representation of homozygosity and Genetic
monohybrid crosses heterozygosity, counseling in
dominance and paternity cases
recessive, and inheritable
mutations and diseases
mutagens, and
hybrid vigor

Wk 2 1.2.4. Mendel’s law of independent  State the laws of Explains the

Sept. assortment inheritance and transmission of
11 – 1.2.5. Dihybrid inheritance; describe Mendel’s traits from
15 genetic representation of work parents to
dihybrid crosses  Explain sickle cell offspring.
1.2.5.1. Test cross anaemia and
1.2.5.2. Sex determination albinism
 Construct and use
punnet
square/chequer
board
Wk 3 1.3. Deviation from Mendelian
Sept. laws
18 – 1.3.1. Linkage Ask student to Bring pictures of family

5
 22 1.3.2. Crossing over and  Distinguish bring pictures of members and identify
recombination between acquired family members inherited characteristics
1.3.3. Sex linkage and inherited in order to bring
1.3.4. Co-dominance characteristics and out inherited
1.3.5. Partial dominance their practical characteristics
1.3.6. Multiple alleles applications
1.3.7. Lethal genes
Wk 4 1.4. Gene interactions  Calculate the cross
Sept. 1.4.1. Epistasis over values or
25 – 1.4.2. Comb presentation in frequencies (COV)
29 domestic fowls  Predict and
1.4.3. Polygenes explain the
inheritance of ABO
blood group, the
Rh factor
Wk 5
Oct.
SEQUENCE 1 EVALUATION
02 -
06
Wk 6 2.0. VARIATION AND MUTATIONS  Distinguish Guides students Identify characteristic DNA models Genetic
Oct. 2.1. Variation between to identify of continuous and Student counseling
09 - 2.1.1. Continuous variations continuous and characteristics discontinuous population
13 2.1.2. Discontinuous variation discontinuous that show variations
2.1.3. Presentation of variations variations continuous and
e.g. Table of data, Line discontinuous
graph, Histogram, Bar graph, variations.
Kite graph, Pie chart

END OF SEQUENCE 1

START OF SEQUENCE 2
Wk 1 2.2. Mutations
Oct. 2.2.1. Gene mutations  Define mutations Illustrates gene Construct DNA models
16 – 2.2.2. Chromosome mutations  Distinguish mutations on to study gene
20 2.2.3. Genetic screening and between gene DNA models. mutations.
counseling and Helps students
chromosomal
mutations
Wk 2 3.0. AUTOTROPHIC NUTRITION  Define nutrition Prescribes Carry out experiments Leave types, Appreciate

6
Oct. 3.1. Review of leaf structure and state its experiments to to: chromatographic life’s
23 – 3.2. Adaptation for obtaining importance to show the effect  Determine the paper, water dependency on
27 energy (sunlight) living organisms of different conditions which plant, potted photosynthesis,
3.3. Adaptation for obtaining and plant, thus plant
 Differentiate with factors on the affect photosythesis
microscope conservation
removing gases examples rate of
between photosynthesis
different modes
of nutrition

Wk 3 3.4. Mechanism of light  Describe Gives  Show the distribution

Oct. absorptioin photosynthesis guidelines on of stomata on upper
30 - 3.4.1. The nature of light and show the the extraction and lower leaf surface
Nov. 3.4.2. The photosynthetic importance of of  Separation of leaf
3 pigments photosynthesis in photosynthetic photosynthetic
3.4.3. Absorption and action nature pigments. pigments by
spectra  Relate leaf chromatography
3.5. Mechanism of morphology and Investigate the
photosynthesis anatomy to requirements of
3.5.1. Light harvesting photosynthesis mineral elements and
3.5.2. Light dependent stage  State the factors observe deficiency
(photolysis) affecting symptoms
3.5.3. Light independent stage photosynthesis
3.5.4. Fate of photosynthetic  Sketch graphs of
products the rate of
photosynthesis
plotted against
light intensity for
two different
temperature and
explain why the
results obtained
support the
hypothesis that
photosynthesis is
carried out in
two different
stages
 Outline the
chemical changes

7
 of light and dark
reaction of
photosynthesis
 Draw a flow
diagram of the
above

Wk 4 3.6. Factors affecting  Explain action

Nov. photosynthesis and absorption
06 – 3.6.1. Concept of limiting factors spectra
10 3.6.2. Effect of carbon dioxide  Distinguish
concentration on rate of between cyclic
photosynthesis and non-cyclic
3.6.3. Effect of temperature on phosphorylation
rate of photosynthesis  Explain the terms
compensation
point,
photorespiration,
limiting factors
State limiting
factors of
photosynthesis
Wk 5
Nov.
SEQUENCE 2 EVALUATION
13 –
17
Wk 6 3.6.4. Other factors affecting the  Describe Measure the rate of
Nov. rate of photosynthesis biochemistry of photosynthesis using a
20 – 3.6.5. Effect of inorganic ions on C4 water plant e.g. elodea
24 the rate of photosynthesis photosynthesis and draw a large label
3.6.6. Chemosynthesis and explain its diagram of the
importance apparatus used
State uses of end
products of
photosynthesis
END OF SEQUENCE 2

START OF SEQUENCE 3
Wk 1 4.0. HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION  Distinguish Helps students Locate endoparasitic Ticks on dogs lies Control of
Nov. 4.1. Parasitism: Plasmodium between endo to locate and ectoparasitic in hair, athlete’s parasites on

8
27 – (malaria parasite), parasitic and ecto parasites in situations in their foot, mistletoe, pets, humans
Dec. flat worms parasites and the locality locality and determine Ascaris, etc. as well as crop
1 4.2. Saprobiontism; extracellular effect of each host and parasite plants
digestion by saprobionts named parasite
Appreciate
4.2.1. Economic importance of on its host Test for reducing and
dietary
saprobionts  Explain the non-reducing sugars, complements
4.3. Mutualism importance of starch, proteins, lipids
4.3.1. Digestion of cellulose by symbionts and vitamin C Appreciate the
microorganisms bacteria in Investiate the action of natural link
4.3.2. Mutualism and nitrogen leguminous digestive enzymes and between
cycle plants and factors affecting animal mouth
alimentary canal Dissect a small parts and diet
of ruminants mammal, fish, frog or
toad, bird to show Food
 Distinguish
processing,
between digestive system and
food
carbohydrates, associated glands and preservation
proteins and organs
lipids Draw various types of
 State the beaks of birds and
importance of various mammalian
various chemical teeth
compounds in Dissect and draw
plant and animal various types of mouth
nutrition parts of insects, etc

Wk 2 4.4. Holozoic nutrition  Explain the Prescribes

Dec. 4.4.1. Diet factors that experiments on Fish, toad or frog,
04 – 4.4.2. Carbohydrates and fats determine food testes and small bird and
08 (energy requirements) dives mammal
energy
4.4.3. Proteins, vitamins, requirements in guidelines on
minerals, water, dietary humans how to carry
fibres (roughage), milk  Relate the them out
4.4.4. Principles of digestion various types of
teeth in
mammals, beaks
in birds and
mouth parts in

9
 insects to their
feeding habits
 Differentiate
between
phagocytic,
carnivorous and
herbivorous
modes of feeding
Wk 3 4.5. Digestion in humans  Relate the Gives
Dec. 4.5.1. Digestion in the mouth structure of the guidelines on
11 – 4.5.2. Swallowing and mammalian the various
15 peristalsis alimentary canal dissections
4.5.3. Digestion in the small to their function Guides students
intestine  Describe on how to
4.5.4. Absorption and digestion in a observe various
assimilation carnivore and mammalian
4.5.5. Water reabsorption in herbivore and teeth and
the large intestine state the various determine
4.5.6. Adaptations of the ileum adaptations dental formulae
for absorption  Explain the
4.5.7. Elimination (egestion) importance
microorganisms
in food
processing,
storage and
spoilage and
state modern
methods of food
preservation
Wk 4 5.0. CELLULAR RESPIRATION  Describe the
Dec. 5.1. Adenosine triphosphate structure and
18 – (ATP) functions of ATP
22 5.1.1. Structure of ATP
5.1.2. Importance of ATP
5.2. Glycolysis
5.2.1.

(Dec. 25 – Jan. 5) CHRISTMAS BREAK

10
Wk 5
Jan. SEQUENCE 3 EVALUATION
08 –
12
Wk 6 5.3. Kreb’s cycle (Tricarboxylic  Explain  Displays  Draw a diagram of a Photograph of Arts and design
Jan. Acid Cycle) glycolysis, Kreb’s diagram or respirometer and respirometer, Explorative
15 – 5.3.1. Importance of Kreb’s cycle cycle and photograph of explain how it is small mammal, skills
19 5.3.2. Electron transport system insect (cockroach Analysis and
electron respirometer used to measure the
or grasshopper), orderly
(ETS) transport system  Gives respiratory rates of bird presentation of
5.3.3. Mitochondria and oxidative  Outline the role directives on small invertebrates Graph sheets data
phosphorylation of enzymes in how to dissect  Dissect a mammal,
5.3.4. Anaerobic respiration respiration and locate locate and identify
(anaerobiosis)  Describe the respiratory the structures of the
5.3.5. Alcoholic fermentation economic organs of a respiratory system
5.3.6. Lactate fermentation importance of mammal,  Dissect
5.3.7. Comparison in energy yield anaerobic insect, and grasshopper/cockro
5.3.8. Alternative respiratory respiration in fish ach and examine the
substrates e.g. proteins industry and at Provides data tracheal system
5.3.9. Respiratory quotients (RQ) home on breathing  Examine the gills of a
 State the role of rate and gives bony fish by means
ATP produced guidelines on of a lens/microscope
during cellular representation  Interpret data on
respiration of data on rate of breathing
 Define graph before and after
respiratory exercise
quotient and Plot graphs using data
state its on rate of breathing
importance under different
conditions
END OF SEQUENCE 3

START OF SEQUENCE 4

Wk 1 6.0. Waste products of metabolism State different Guides students Identify plant parts Plant fruits, old
Jan. 6.1. Origin and removal of plant and animal to identify plant responsible for leaves, tree backs
22 – potential toxic metabolic metabolic wastes, and animal elimination of Small mammal

11
 26 wastes from plants and their origins and parts that carrymetabolic wastes
animals methods of metabolic Dissect a small
elimination wastes mammal to study the
excretory system
Wk 2 7.0. Gaseous exchange  Define  Design Carryout experiments Germinating Grow food
Jan. 7.1. Reasons for gaseous exchange respiration experiments to show the following: seeds, a small crops
29 – 7.2. Respiratory surfaces  Distinguish to  Respiration occurs in mammal
Feb. 7.3. Mechanisms of gaseous Leaves from
between aerobic demonstrate plants and animals
terrestrial and
2 exchange in small organisms, and anaerobic that: e.g. using
aquatic plants
insects, bony fish, mammals respiration  Respiration germinating seeds, a
and flowering plants  State the features occurs in mammal, etc
7.4. Control of ventilation in and types of plants and  The necessity of
humans respiratory animals oxygen for
7.5. Measurement of lung capacity surfaces  Oxygen is germination
 Describe the necessary for  That carbon dioxide
mechanism of gas germination is produced during
exchange in  Carbon aerobic and
various dioxide is anaerobic conditions
respiratory produced  Compare internal
surfaces during structure of leaves of
 Distinguish aerobic and terrestrial and
between parallel anaerobic aquatic plants
flow and counter conditions
flow and explain
the importance of
counter flow in
gas exchange
systems
 List and discuss
the main
mechanisms
involved in
regulating gas
exchange
Wk 3 8.0. Excretion and homeostasis  Distinguish Brings a Dissect mammal to The kidney as a
Feb. 8.1. Excretion and homeostatis in between mammal and locate the organs of cleansing
05 – animals excretion and guides students excretion and those organ and
09 8.1.1. Definition of excretion and on the associated with therefore
digestion
creating
homeostasis  Explain the dissection homeostasis
awareness to
8.1.2. Structure and function of necessity of location and the its care e.g.

12
 the following organs: excetion in extraction of avoiding
Kidney, liver and skin organisms organs excessive
 List the main associated with consumption of
excretion and alcohol
excretory
substances in homeostasis
animals, their
origin and where
eliminated
Wk 4 8.1.3. Structure of the nephron  Describe the Examine and draw Mammal
Feb. 8.1.4. Function of the nephron human skin, mammalian kidney nd dissecting
12 – 8.1.5. Excretory products, urea, lungs, liver and make a vertical instruments
16 ammonia their functions section through the
8.1.6. Hormonal control of  Explain the kidney and identify
osmoregulation and concept of the main regions
excretion (neuro- internal Examine prepared
endocrine system and environment and slides of kidneys to
homeostasis) homeostasis show the nephron
8.1.7. Salt and water balance  Compare the
(antidiuretic hormone-DH) response in
aldosterone (Na) changes in
parathormone (Ca2+/PO4) temperature by
8.1.8. Blood sugar level (control) behavior and
8.1.9. Temperature regulation psychological
8.1.10. Carbon dioxide methods
concentration  Relate heat loss
8.1.11. pH (acid/base balance) to body size in
animals
 Describe
methods by
which a mammal
loses and gains
heat

 Explain the role

of skin,
hypothalamus,
liver and kidney
in homeostasis
Wk 5
SEQUENCE 4 EVALUATION
Feb.

13
19 –
23
Wk 6 8.2. Excretion in plants List plant
Feb. 8.2.1. Methods of excretion in excretory
26 - plants products, their
Mar 8.2.2. Useful and harmful origin and where
2 excretory products of eliminated
plants and their economic State the
importance e.g. caffeine in importance of
tea and coffee, quinine, plant excretory
fannins, colchicines, products
cocaine, nicotine in
tobacco, Canobis Sativa
Rubber gum, Papin from
pawpaw, etc,
END OF SEQUENCE 4

START OF SEQUENCE 5
Wk 1 9.0. Reproduction  Define sexual and Describe Grow yeast to observe Yeast, bread, slide Multiplication
Mar. 9.1. Types of reproduction asexual various forms budding of spirogyra, plant of plants by
5–9 9.1.1. Asexual reproduction reproduction of sexual and Grow bread mould to cutting vegetative
9.1.1.1. Binary and multiple asexual observe spore propagation,
 State the
appreciate the
fission difference and reproduction production
growth of yeast
9.1.1.2. Budding explain the Carryout vegetative as applied in
9.1.1.3. Fragmentation advantages and propagation by the bakery
9.1.1.4. Sporulation disadvantages of cutting, grafting, industry
9.1.1.5. Vegetative sexual and marcoting and
propagation asexual layering
9.1.1.6. Cloning reproduction Observe spirogyra to
9.1.1.7. Parthenogenesis,  Describe and see fragmentation and
pathernocarpy state the conjugation
importance of the
different types of
asexual
reproduction
 Discuss the
application of
vegetative
reproduction in
agriculture

14
Wk 2 9.2. Reproduction in flowering  Describe pollen Teacher guides  Examine spores in Mature fern with
Mar. plants grain and egg the students to: sori of a fern showing sori, plain slides,
12 – 9.2.1. Flowers as reproductive formation  Examine mechanism of cover slips,
16 organs in plants prepared slides
 Compare spores in sori dispersal
and microscopes
9.2.2. Development of the male adaptations of of a fern  Carryout Variety of fruits,
and female gametophytes wind and insect showing experiments to seeds and
and gametes pollinated mechanism of demonstrate seedlings
9.2.3. Pollination flowers dispersal grafting, cutting,
9.2.3.1. Wind and insect  Pollen tube  Carryout budding, marcoting
pollination development and experiments and layering
9.2.3.2. Fertilization double to  Examine, draw and
9.2.3.3. Development of seed fertilization demonstrate differentiate
and fruits  Describe seed grafting, between seeds and
and fruit cutting, fruits
9.2.4. Conditions necessary for formation. budding,  Investigate hypogeal
seed germination  Draw and name marcoting and and epigeal
9.2.4.1. Internal and external parts of seeds, layering germination
factors fruits and state  Examine,  Carryout an
factors affecting draw and experiment to
viability and differentiate demonstrate apical
dormancy of between dominance
seeds seeds and
 Describe fruit, fruits
seed and spore  Investigate
dispersal hypogeal and
epigeal
germination
 Investigate
conditions
necessary for
seed germination
Wk 3 9.3. Life cycles Explain the life Carryout an Make drawings of the Charts showing Appreciate the
Mar. 9.3.1. Life cycles of mosses, ferns, cycle of moss, fern, experiment to different life cycles the different life making of
19 – flowering plants and Obelia flowering plant, demonstrate indicating where cycles hedges and
23 showing where apical mitosis and meiosis flower bushes
(ornamental)
mitosis and dominance occur
meiosis occur Describe the
(alternation of different life
generaions or cycles
mutagenesis as in indicating

15
 Obelia) where mitosis
and meiosis
occur
Wk 4 9.4. Reproduction in mammals Do Dissect a small Small mammal, Appreciating
Mar. 9.4.1. Human reproductive systems  Should be able to demonstrative mammal to show the dissecting kit and procreation
26 – 9.4.2. Gametogenesis, oogenesis describe the male dissection of a male and female board and developing
30 and spermatogenesis small mammal reproductive systems, an interesting
and the female
the medical
9.4.3. Reproductive cycles or systems to show the identify, draw, label
field
strategies (Oviparity,  Explain gamete male and and annotate each
viviparity, etc) formation in female part to show its
9.4.4. Factors affecting breeding mammals, how reproductive function in the
cycles and development in they are brought systems reproductive process
mammals together,
9.4.5. Courtship, mating, fertilization,
fertilization, implantation implantation,
9.4.6. Development of zygote growth and
9.4.7. The placenta and its development of
functions the foetus and
9.4.8. Birth (parturition) birth (parturition)
9.4.8.1. Twins  Discuss the role of
9.4.8.2. Lactation and parental hormones in
care mammalian
9.4.9. Hormonal control of reproduction
reproduction
9.4.9.1. The menstrual cycle
9.4.9.2. Male sex hormones
9.4.9.3. Birth control
9.4.9.4. Causes of infertility
and its cures

(Apr. 02 – 13) EASTER BREAK

Wk 5
Apr. SEQUENCE 5 EVALUATION
16 –
20
Wk 6 10.0. Growth and development  Differentiate Explain a Measure the length of Seedlings,
Apr. 10.1. Types of growth and growth between limited typical sigmoid internodes, breath of measuring
23 – patterns and unlimited growth curve leaves or height, dry devices, prepared
27 10.2. Growth parameters and Mount slides of weight of seedlings slides and graph
growth, isometric
sheets
16
 measuring growth and allometric the root and the over a period of time
10.3. Growth curves growth shoot tips Represent data
10.4. Growth in plants  Explain the role obtained in graphs,
10.5. Growth in animals and of hormones in charts or histograms
metamorphosis in insects regulating Draw curves to
and amphibians growth and illustrate growth
development patterns
 Distinguish Explain a typical
between sigmoid growth curve
complete and Draw shoot and root
incomplete tips to show growth
metamorphosis regions
 Explain the role
of hormones in
metamorphosis
END OF SEQUENCE 5

START OF SEQUENCE 6
Wk 1 11.0. Ecological concepts  Define the term Organizes and Carryout an ecological Chosen habitats Acquaintance
Apr. 11.1. Concept of ecology, habitat, ecology, habitat, directs project study in any one of the or plots with their
30 – niche, population, biomass, work terrestrial habitats; Measuring immediate
May community, ecosystem, forest or grassland or devices environment
ecosystem and
and managing
4 biosphere, biomass and carry capacity Takes students desert
it sustainably
carrying capacity  Identify and out for field trip
11.2. Abiotic factors describe factors Study of an aquatic
(Environmental factors) that affect habitat e.g. marine or
11.2.1. Light, temperature, population fresh water such as
atmospheric pressure, growth in general pond, river or lake
salinity, humidity, soil and relate these
texture, pH, wind and to human Write up a
topography populations comprehensive
11.3. Biotic factors  Identify the project report
11.3.1. Intraspecificc physical and
relationship; biological factors
competition predation, in the given
parasitism, symbiosis, ecosystem
commensalism, etc,  Differentiate
between
saprophytism,
parasitism, and

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 symbiosis
 Describe the
interrelationship
s of organisms in
the ecosystem
Wk 2 12.0. Energy flow and cycling of  Explain the use of Help students Construct a practicing Garden, compost,
May nutrients various methods to make a garden with a seeds and
07 – 12.1. Energy flow in the ecosystem, of carrying out practicing compost included seedlings
11 food chains, food webs, ecological garden
pyramid of numbers, investigations Use examples of food
biomass and energy  Design and Direct students chains in the garden
12.2. Nitrogen, carbon, water, carryout a study to prepare to join up to make
phosphorus and sulphur of a named habitat compost food webs
cycles and construct food
12.3. Decomposers chains and food Make calculation of
12.4. Adaptation of plants to webs ratios of consumers
various habitats  Explain the flow of and producers from
12.5. Xerophytes – semi arid area energy in data obtained.
plants ecosystem Examine roots of
12.6. Mesophytes – common  Relate adaptation legumes, fertile and
terrestrial plants of organisms to poor soils and
12.7. Hydrophytes – water plants various habitats compare the number
e.g. elodea of root nodules in the
12.8. Halophytes – salty plants e.g. plant
mangrove
12.9. Morphological adaptations
(insects, fishes, toads/frogs,
lizards, birds and named
mammals) to various
habitats
Wk 3 13.0. Man and his environment  Explain the Educate the public on Tree seedlings
May 13.1. Deforestation, soil erosion, effects of man’s the negative effects of
14 – methods of conserving water, activities on the deforestation and
18 soil, energy and other environment pollution
natural resources with regards to Tree planting
13.2. Pollution, pollutants, effects soil, water, fauna
and remedies and flora
13.2.1. Air, land and water environment
pollution  Suggest methods
13.2.2. Sound pollution of controlling and

18
 13.2.3. Pollution from cosmetics correcting the
13.2.4. Ozone layer depletion negative effects
13.2.5. Greenhouse effect of man’s
13.2.6. Global warming activities
Wk 4 Revision towards GCE
May
21 –
25
Wk 5
May SEQUENCE 6 EVALUATION
28 –
Jun.
1
Wk 6 Revision towards GCE
Jun.
04 –
08

END OF SEQUENCE 6/OFFICIAL EXAMS/SUMMER VACATION

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