ART 002 REVIEWER (Quiz and Exam) narratives, landscapes, and

contemporary diversity.
MODULE I Defining Art and its Purposes
Significance in Society
ART
 Self-expression and Identity
 Etymological Meaning
o Art facilitates personal growth, self-
o Derived from the Latin word "ars,"
reflection, and cultural pride, allowing
meaning skill or craft.
individuals and communities to express
 Philosophical Perspective
and communicate their identities.
o John Dewey's "Art as Experience"
 Catalyst for Change
(1934): Art is a culmination of human o Art inspires societal transformations by
experiences, emotions, an interaction,
raising awareness and challenging
emphasizing as a process rather than a
norms, sparking discussions and actions
product.
around social, political, or cultural
o Guillermo's "Image to Meaning":
issues.
Artworks are analyzed for their capacity  Bridge Between Cultures
to convey complex social and historical o Art transcends cultural boundaries,
narratives beyond their visible subjects.
fostering cross-cultural understanding
 Cultural and Historical Views
and appreciation through cultural
o It serves as expression, communication
exchange and dialogue.
and reflection of societal values,
conveying narratives, histories and MODULE II Exploring the Nature of Art,
cultural traditions. Appreciation, Creativity, and Imagination
 Aesthetic Perspective
 Creativity. Creativity refers to our instinctive
o Art is defined by its capacity to evoke
and intuitive power as the highest form of
sensory, emotional, and intellectual
species. Creativity is universal.
responses through its beauty and
 Imagination. Imagination is the ability to
expressive qualities.
produce and simulate novel objects, peoples and
o Key Elements of the Aesthetical
ideas in the mind without any immediate input
Perspective: of the senses. Imagination is the ability to form a
1. Beauty and Form mental image of something that is not perceived
2. Emotional Impact through the five senses.
3.Sensory Experience o Imagination produces art and vice versa.
4.Expressiveness
 Expression. Expression is the ability to convey
Purposes of Art meaning. It involves low level skills such as
spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and
 Religious and Spiritual grammar, but also high level composition skills
 Art serves worship, rituals, and spiritual such as planning, organization, determining
expression across faiths, seen in religious content, and revision to express information
iconography, sacred architecture, and effectively.
ceremonial objects.
 Political MODULE III ASSUMPTION AND FUNCTIONS
 Art acts as propaganda, activism, OF ARTS
and social commentary, advocating
Assumptions about Art:
for causes and challenging norms
through political murals, protest art, 1. Art is everywhere: This means that art can be found in
etc. many places around us, not just in museums or galleries.
Social and Cultural
 Art explores cultural identity,
reflecting and celebrating cultural
2. Art is not nature: This means that art is different from b. Cultural
the natural world around us. While nature includes
- Preserving traditions: Art can help keep customs and
things like trees, animals, and mountains, art is created
practices from the past alive. For example, making
by people to express ideas and emotions using different
traditional crafts or performing dances that have been
materials and techniques.
passed down through generations.
3. Art is imitating and creating: This means that artists
- Fostering identity: Art can show who you are and
often observe the world around them and then use their
where you come from. It can include things like wearing
imagination and skills to create something new. They
traditional clothing or singing songs from your culture.
might paint a picture of a flower they see in a garden, or
they might sculpt a statue of an animal they admire. -Promoting values: Art can teach important lessons and
values. For instance, paintings or stories might teach
4. Art perfects nature: This means that sometimes art can
about kindness, honesty, or bravery.
make things even more beautiful or meaningful than
they are in nature. For example, a painting of a sunset 3. Political
might capture the colors and feelings of the moment in a
way that makes it even more special than seeing the - Art that aims to comment on, influence, or protest
sunset itself. political issues, ideologies, events, or movements.

5. Art's message is universal: This means that art can be - The political function of art involves using various art
understood and appreciated by people from different forms and mediums as vehicles for political expression,
places and cultures. Even if someone doesn't speak the criticism, and activism. Artists create works that address
same language as the artist, they can still feel the political themes, challenge existing power structures, or
emotions and ideas that the artwork is trying to convey. bring attention to injustices and inequalities within
societies.
Functions of Art:
Examples: Protest Art, Propaganda Art, Social
1. Personal/Emotional Commentary, Activist Art.
- Self-expression: This means showing your feelings, 4. Decorative/Aesthetic:
thoughts, or ideas through art. For example, painting a
picture or writing a poem about how you feel. -Beautification: Art can make things look more attractive
or beautiful. For example, decorating a room with
-Emotional release: Art can help people let out their
feelings in a healthy way. For instance, drawing or paintings or adding designs to clothes.
writing when you're sad or angry can make you feel -Visual appeal: This means that art is nice to look at. It
better. can include things like colorful paintings, intricate
- Personal growth: Creating art can help you learn new patterns, or graceful sculptures.
things about yourself and grow as a person. When you 5. Spiritual
practice art, you get better at it, and you also learn about
your strengths and what you enjoy. - Religious practices: Art has often been used in
religious ceremonies and rituals. This can include things
2. Social/Cultural like making sacred paintings, sculptures, or music.
a. Social -Ceremonies: Art can be part of special events or
-Commentary: Art can be used to talk about important celebrations, like weddings or festivals. People might
issues in society, like fairness or equality. Artists might use art to decorate spaces or perform traditional dances.
make paintings or sculptures that show their thoughts on -Spiritual expression: Some art is made to show feelings
these topics. or beliefs about things that are bigger than just everyday
- Raising awareness: Art can help people learn about life. For example, making sculptures or paintings that
things they might not know much about, like represent ideas about the soul or the afterlife.

endangered animals or different cultures. Artists might

create exhibitions or performances to share this
knowledge.
 thoughts, and emotions that they aim to express
through their creation.

MODULE IV: BASIC PHILOSOPHICAL

PERSPECTIVES OF ART
ART AS MIMESIS (Plato)
 The concept of art as mimesis refers to the idea
that art is an imitation or representation of
reality.
ART AS REPRESENTATION (Aristotle)
 Aristotle believes that art should be judged by
the accuracy and effectiveness of its imitation.
ART AS PURPOSIVE WITHOUT PURPOSE(Kant)
 Kant's idea that art seems intentional but lacks a
specific purpose beyond the aesthetic experience
it provides.
ART AS DASEIN (Heidegger)
 Heidegger's concept of art as a manifestation of
human existence and experience, reflecting the
human condition.
ART AS SUPREME OVER MORALITY
(Benedetto Croce)
 Croce's argument that art should not be judged
by moral standards but appreciated for its
aesthetic value.
MODULE V SUBJECT AND CONTENT
Subject: The subject of a piece of art encompasses the
identifiable objects or themes portrayed within it,
providing an answer to the question, "What is it about?"
 Representational- naturalistic/realistic- the
object is identifiable
 Abstract- combination of shapes and line, do not
directly depict the object. (unidentifiable)
Content: The content of a work of art delves into its
deeper meaning or message, addressing the question,
"What does it mean?"
 Symbolism- Artists frequently employ symbols
to represent ideas, emotions, or qualities beyond
their literal appearance.
 Context: The cultural, historical, and social
context surrounding the creation of art
significantly influences its content.
 Artist’s Intent: At the core of every artwork lies
the artist's intent—their personal vision,