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Grade 7 Study Material

The document provides an introduction to artificial intelligence (AI), explaining its definition, related fields such as machine learning and data science, and the two main types of AI: Weak AI (Narrow AI) and General AI. It also discusses the domains of AI, including data, computer vision, and natural language processing (NLP), as well as concepts of smart buildings and smart cities. Additionally, it includes questions for further exploration of the topics covered.

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49 views3 pages

Grade 7 Study Material

The document provides an introduction to artificial intelligence (AI), explaining its definition, related fields such as machine learning and data science, and the two main types of AI: Weak AI (Narrow AI) and General AI. It also discusses the domains of AI, including data, computer vision, and natural language processing (NLP), as well as concepts of smart buildings and smart cities. Additionally, it includes questions for further exploration of the topics covered.

Uploaded by

mishikatrivedi0
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Grade 7

Introduction of AI

Artificial intelligence (AI), the ability of a digital computer or computer-


controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.
Fields closely related to AI

 Machine learning- the use and development of computer systems that are able to learn
and adapt without following explicit instructions, by using algorithms and statistical models to
analyse and draw inferences from patterns in data:
 Data science- Data Science is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on extracting knowledge
from data sets which are typically huge in amount. The field encompasses analysis, preparing data
for analysis, and presenting findings to inform high-level decisions in an organization. As such, it
incorporates skills from computer science, mathematics, statics, inform...
 Neural networks -Neural networks, also known as artificial neural networks (ANNs) or
simulated neural networks (SNNs), are a subset of machine learning and are at the heart of
deep learning algorithms. Their name and structure are inspired by the human brain, …

Types of Artificial Intelligence:


Artificial Intelligence can be divided in various types, there are mainly two
types of main categorization which are based on capabilities and based on
functionally of AI. Following is flow diagram which explain the types of AI.

1. Weak AI or Narrow AI:

o Narrow AI is a type of AI which is able to perform a dedicated task


with intelligence.The most common and currently available AI is
Narrow AI in the world of Artificial Intelligence.
o Narrow AI cannot perform beyond its field or limitations, as it is only
trained for one specific task. Hence it is also termed as weak AI.
Narrow AI can fail in unpredictable ways if it goes beyond its limits.
o Apple Siriis a good example of Narrow AI, but it operates with a
limited pre-defined range of functions.
o IBM's Watson supercomputer also comes under Narrow AI, as it uses
an Expert system approach combined with Machine learning and
natural language processing.
o Some Examples of Narrow AI are playing chess, purchasing
suggestions on e-commerce site, self-driving cars, speech
recognition, and image recognition.

2. General AI:

o General AI is a type of intelligence which could perform any


intellectual task with efficiency like a human.
o The idea behind the general AI to make such a system which could
be smarter and think like a human by its own.
o Currently, there is no such system exist which could come under
general AI and can perform any task as perfect as a human.
o The worldwide researchers are now focused on developing
machines with General AI.
o As systems with general AI are still under research, and it will take
lots of efforts and time to develop such systems.

Domains of AI

1. Data In common usage and statistics, data is a collection of discrete or


continuous values that convey information, describing the quantity, quality,
fact, statistics, other basic units of meaning, or simply sequences of symbols
that may be further interpreted formally. A datum is an individual value in
a collection of data
o 2. Computer vision is a field of artificial intelligence (AI) that enables
computers and systems to derive meaningful information from digital images,
videos and other visual inputs — and take actions or make recommendations
based on that information. If AI enables computers to think, computer vision
enables them to see, observe and understand.
o Computer vision works much the same as human vision, except humans have
a head start. Human sight has the advantage of lifetimes of context to train
how to tell objects apart, how far away they are, whether they are moving and
whether there is something wrong in an image.

3. Natural language processing (NLP) refers to the branch of computer science—


and more specifically, the branch of artificial intelligence or AI—concerned with
giving computers the ability to understand text and spoken words in much the same
way human beings can.

NLP combines computational linguistics—rule-based modeling of human language—


with statistical, machine learning, and deep learning models. Together, these
technologies enable computers to process human language in the form of text or
voice data and to ‘understand’ its full meaning, complete with the speaker or writer’s
intent and sentiment.

NLP- NLP deals with the interaction between computer and


humans using the natural language. Eg Alexa

Definition of Smart Buildings


In its simplest definition, a smart building or Intelligent Building is a
structure that uses advanced technology to optimize its performance, as
regards reducing energy consumption and pollution but also operating
costs; and improving the security and quality of life of its occupants.

The transformation of a building into a digital asset is the result of the


installation of connected sensors, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, artificial
intelligence (AI), or building management systems that can be used to
control lighting, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and other systems in
the building.

Smart City
A smart city is a technologically modern urban area that uses different types
of electronic methods and sensors to collect specific data. Information gained
from that data is used to manage assets, resources and services efficiently; in
return, that data is used to improve operations across the city.

Q Ans.
1. Write a short note on the following
a) Smart City
b) NLP
c) Data
d) Computer Vision
2. Difference between Weak AI and General AI
3. List the fields closely related to AI.
4. Why do we need AI?

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