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LEARNING MODULE 3A: GENERAL STRUCTURE OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH PAPER

Lesson 1
General Structure of Quantitative Research Paper

Journal articles follow the IMRAD format

OLD STRUCTURE IMRAD

Title, author, contact details, abstract,
keywords
Chapter 1 – Introduction Introduction
Chapter 2 – Review of Related Literature
Chapter 3 – Methodology Materials and Methods (Methodology)
Chapter 4 – Presentation, Analysis, and Results and Discussion
Interpretation of Data
Chapter 5 – Summary of Findings, Summary of Findings, Conclusion, and
Conclusion, and Recommendations Recommendations
Chapter 6 – Proposed Program References
Manuscript Guide:
 Short Size Bond Paper
 Font style: Arial
 Font size: 12”
 Spacing: 1.5 spacing
 Margins: Left – 1.5”; Right, Top, & Bottom – 1”
 Use APA Style Citation and Referencing format

PRELIMINARY PAGES (to be included ONLY in the submission of the FINAL MANUSCRIPT)
 Title Page
 Approval Sheet
 Abstract
 Acknowledgment
 Dedication
 Table of Contents
 List of Tables and Figures

I. CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION
o Background of the Study
o Statement of the Problem
o Statement of Hypotheses
o Framework
 Theoretical Framework
 Conceptual Framework
 Schematic Diagram
o Scope and Delimitation of the Study
o Significance of the Study
o Definition of Terms

II. CHAPTER 2 – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

III. CHAPTER 3 – METHODOLOGY

o Research Design
o Participants of the Study
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SUBJECT CODE: RMAS 411 MODULE No. 1 TERM: 1
FIRST SEMESTER A.Y. 2022-2023
 COLEGIO DE STA.ANA DE VICTORIAS, INC.
Osmeña Avenue, Victorias City, Negros Occidental, 6119

o Research Instruments
 Validity of the Instrument
 Reliability of the Instrument
o Data Gathering Procedure
o Statistical Tools
o Data Interpretation
o Ethical Considerations

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

V. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
VI. REFERENCES
VII. APPENDICES
a. Survey Questionnaire
b. Letter to Conduct Study
c. Validity of the Instrument
d. Reliability of the Instrument

Lesson 2
Citation and Referencing

Different Citation Styles

 APA (American Psychological Association) is used by Education, Communication, and
Social Sciences (Political Science, Psychology, Social Work)
 MLA (Modern Language Association) style is used by the Humanities (English,
Literature, Art, Philosophy, Religion)
 Chicago/Turabian style is generally used by Business, History, and the Fine Arts

In-text citation is
 “used to provide information that can immediately tell the reader the source of
the material just presented by providing the name of the author and year of
publication in parenthesis”

Example: Nominal scale is defined as the assignment of numbers or symbols to designate

a sub-class that represents unique characteristics (Williams, 1968).

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SUBJECT CODE: RMAS 411 MODULE No. 1 TERM: 1
FIRST SEMESTER A.Y. 2022-2023
 COLEGIO DE STA.ANA DE VICTORIAS, INC.
Osmeña Avenue, Victorias City, Negros Occidental, 6119

Bibliography vs. References

 BIBLIOGRAPHY: list all materials that were used and cited in your work plus other
additional reading materials that you may have read, but not cited.
 REFERENCES: list all materials that were used and cited in your work.
How to list a published work in List of References (Manual)

Citing a book (printed copy)

APA format structure: Author, A. (Year of Publication). Title of work. Publisher City, State:
Publisher

Example: Finney, J. (1970). Time and again. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.

Citing a book from an online database (online library)

APA format structure: Author, A. (Year of Publication). Title of work. Retrieved from
http://xxxxxx or DOI:xxxxxxx

Example: Devercelli, A.E., Neuman, M., & Wodon, Q. (2015). Investment in early childhood
development: Review of the world bank’s recent experience. Retrieved from http://xxxxxxxxxxx

Citing a reliable website (school/university/organization) with an author

* Blogs and online dictionaries are not considered in academic paper

APA format structure: Author, A. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Title of work. Retrieved
from http://xxxxxx or DOI:xxxxxxx

Example: Simmons, B. (2015, January 9). The tale of two Flaccos. Retrieved from
http://grantland.com/the-triangle/the-tale-of-two-flaccos/

Citing a reliable website (school/university/organization) without an author

* Blogs and online dictionaries are not considered in academic paper

APA format structure: Name of school/organization. (Year, Month Date of Publication). Title of
work. Retrieved from http://xxxxxx or DOI:xxxxxxx

Example: American Diabetes Association. (2017, January 19). Advocacy priorities: Federal
priorities. Retrieved from http://www.diabetes.org/advocacy/advocacy-priorities/federal-
priorities

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SUBJECT CODE: RMAS 411 MODULE No. 1 TERM: 1
FIRST SEMESTER A.Y. 2022-2023
 COLEGIO DE STA.ANA DE VICTORIAS, INC.
Osmeña Avenue, Victorias City, Negros Occidental, 6119

REFERENCES
American Psychological Association (2019). APA Style Sixth Edition Resources.
Balaoro, Q. (2013). Parts of a Research Paper. Southville International School and Colleges.
Retrieved from https://bit.ly/2BjUyo3.
Cherry, K. (2020). Basic Rules of APA Format. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/36JZUo6.
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting and Evaluating Quantitative
and Qualitative Research, 4th ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
Del Rosario-Garcia, M., Jerusalem, V., Palencia, J., & Palencia, M. (2016). Practical Research 1:
Basics of Qualitative Research, Fastbooks Educational Supply, Inc.
EBSCO Help. (2017). In CINAHL, what are Research Instruments? – Support – EBSCO Help.
IRSC Libraries. APA Style Guide: APA Quick Guide. Retrieved from
https://irsc.libguides.com/apa/quickguide.
Jerusalem, V.L., Del Rosario-Garcia, M., Delos Reyes, A.M., Palencia, M.M., & Calilung, R.P.
(2018). Practical Research 2: Exploring Quantitative Research (1st ed.). Fastbooks
Educational Supply Inc.
Leedy, P. & Ormrod, J. (2001). Practical research: Planning and design (7th ed.). Upper Saddle
River, NJ: Merrill Prentice Hall. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
Ragma, F. (2016). Research 1 & 2: Qualitative and Quantitative Research for Senior High School
Reference.com. (2017). What is the meaning of scope and delimitation of the study? I
Reference.com. Retrieved from https://www.reference.com/education/meaning-scope-
delimitation-study-3elb555aedd388ea#
University of Birmingham. Harvard: Reference List and Bibliography. Retrieved from
https://bit.ly/36JY46G.
University of Library System. Citation Styles: APA, MLA, Chicago, Turabian, IEEE: Home.
Retrieved from https://pitt.libguides.com/citationhelp.
University of Richmond (2017). Writing in the Disciplines. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/2zLUj4J.

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SUBJECT CODE: RMAS 411 MODULE No. 1 TERM: 1
FIRST SEMESTER A.Y. 2022-2023