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Javascript__1725655981

The document contains notes on JavaScript concepts including variable scope, shadowing, hoisting, and the execution phases of JavaScript code. It discusses the differences between 'var', 'let', and 'const', as well as array methods like map, filter, and reduce, and introduces the concepts of anonymous functions and object destructuring. Additionally, it explains the use of the spread and rest operators, along with the distinction between deep and shallow copies.

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ShreyasKumar

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

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Javascript__1725655981

Uploaded by

ShreyasKumar

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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04/09/2024, 10:36 Askify | View Notes

Javascript Notes

Notes by:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ramanjot-singh-5b574422b/

00:59

scope is a certain region of a program where a defined variable exists

and can be recognized and beyond that it cannot be recognized so
there can be multiple types of scopes

02:12

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04/09/2024, 10:36 Askify | View Notes

02:24

02:32

02:35

this is called variable shadowing in ehich for that block where its
scope was limited temporairaly a changed tp "Hi"
03:28

Notes by:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ramanjot-singh-5b574422b/

03:21

while shadowing a variable it should not cross the boundary of scope

that is we can shadow where variable by using let but cannot do the
opposite so if we try to shadow let variable by var variable it will be
called illegal shadowing

04:09

04:26

we cannot redeclare a variable by using let and const but we can do

using var

04:59

05:06

this is fine as it comes under shadowing

05:27

in const declaration we need to provide const some value while

declaring it so it cannot be declared without initializing it.

Notes by:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ramanjot-singh-5b574422b/

06:27

06:53

When we execute a js code there are two phases one is a creation

phase and the other is execution phase so in creation phase three
things happen first it creates a global or a window object so

07:14

07:20

07:12

the second step is it setups a memory heap for storing variables and
function references that means it takes all of the variables and
functions and stores it inside of this window object and the third step
is that it initializes those functions and variable declarations with
undefined

Notes by:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ramanjot-singh-5b574422b/
07:40

for the function declarations it takes the whole complete function

from here and stores it inside of our window object and this is the
exact reason why hosting occurs

07:58

07:59

during the execution phase the javascript engine executes the code
line by line assigning the values to variables and executes the
function calls also for every new function created javascript engine
creates a new execution context .

08:44

javascript also uses something called call stack which is a

mechanism to keep track of all of the function calls

08:54

09:00

During the creation phase javascript engine moves your

variables and function declarations to the top of your code and
this is known as hosting.

09:40

How javascript looks at it

09:52

10:32

let helps to overcome the limitation of var which did not warned us
about the declaration earlier

Javascript Notes
Notes by:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ramanjot-singh-5b574422b/

11:12

let and var are going to be hosted in the temporal deadzone.

temporal dead zone is the time between the declaration and the
initialization of let and const variables .

13:25

13:49

temporal dead zone is the term to describe the state where variables
are in the scope but they are not yet declared .

02:19

this will do is it's going to take each element of this array (nums) and
multiply by 3 and it's going to return a completely new array inside .
num,i,arr ki jagah kuch bhi p[ass kar do but ye dhayan rakho ki num
hai voh jo nums mai iterate karega

02:37

03:21

in short filter returns only those elements from the array which
fulfills the provided criteria.

04:15

reduce takes two arguments a callback function and an intial value

acc contins value of the previous com,puation and curr contains the
current value

basical
06:37

reduce helps in reducing the value of array to a single array value

agar new array create karna chahte hai toh ham map ka use karenga
but agar ham existing mai hechange karna chahte hai toh ham for
each ka use karenga

16:17

16:33

the second difference is that you can chain stuff on map so i can say
dot and something we can let's say if we want to do dot filter and do
some operation inside of this filter .

16:48

Approach 1)

18:01

Better approch using

18:36

19:56

Notes by:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ramanjot-singh-5b574422b/

21:34

22:35

these functions map ,filter and reduce allows chaining we can chain
other functions in front of these functions .

23:14

24:42

25:46

01:03

01:40

anonymous function is a function which has no name and this

anonymous function can be assigned to a variable or can be passed
as a callback .

01:51

03:33

understand how powerful functions are in javascript that we can pass

them inside of another function just like a variable and we can also
manipulate and return them from that function so this is called first
class function .

03:45

04:56

09:15

var use nahi karna bcoz uska block scope hota hai

11:27

hostling works differently in case of fuctions which means it doesnt

matter wwheather we are calling the fucrion before or after declering
Notes by:

https://www.linkedin.com/in/ramanjot-singh-5b574422b/
14:29

we have a variable present in a scope we will not go and check the

global scope we will always refer to the current scope .

16:10

this is called spread operator

16:29

16:14

here when we use this operator this is called rest operator ...nums

16:55

17:30

a=5
x=6
y=3
baki ...numbers mai hoga

hen we use rest operator or spread operator it should always be the

last one so just like this so what this will do is

18:37

19:33

21:17

we cannot have the arguments key word inside the arrow function

23:10

this inside the arrow function points to the global object where as
this inside normal function is pointing to the object use
08:43

in order to traverse in object we use for each loop

a[ andar string ] hona chahiye to access it

Notes by:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ramanjot-singh-5b574422b/

11:07

JSON.stringyfy ne object ko convert kar diya string mai

11:48

to convert back

14:52

15:20

15:05

when we provide these two keys inside of this square bracket what
this will basically do is it's gonna only stringify level and health

18:54

aise acess karna object mai sai usko kehte hai object destructuring

Notes by:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ramanjot-singh-5b574422b/

21:07

we are basically creatring a reference by doing this so any change

made to d or c will change hence output in this case is "hello"
Deep copy ka matlab koi reference na hona and shallow copy ka
matlab reference hona
28:13

ye kuch tarike the

11:31

these are not part of javascript but they are ways we can use powers
of browser in js code
00:46

when the timer expiers it will go to the call stack by using the call
back queue bcoz it will not directly go to the call stack.

16:53

17:23

the function of the event loop is to check the vallback queue and
whatever in it to the call stack and the call stack quickly executes
this call back function.

whenever we run a javascript code a global execution context is

created and pushed inside the call stack and the code is executed line
by line
20:06

when it sees the console.log() the it call the web api method console
so print "Start"

20:23

Notes by:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ramanjot-singh-5b574422b/

22:07

In the web apis environment it registers the call back () mathod and
attach event click to it
22:43

as we do not have anything to to execute so this global execution

context is pop out of stack
23:29

when any user click on the button the call back fuction is pushed
into the call back queue
and it waits over here for it turn to get executed .
The event loop has only one job to constantly moniter the call stack
and call back queue

34:20

bcoz the microtask queue has the higher priority it gives chance to
the cbf fuction to get inside the call stack
35:08

36:03

ab last mai isme cbt ka bhi nikal liya

Task queue will only be given oppertunity once
microtask queue is completed

Blocking the main stack of js is called blocking the main thread so

that is why we say is there is any heavy function that takes time we
should always use an asyn function

06:09

aise samjh ki now it is the responsibility of the

createorder api to call procedd to payment

08:40

our program kept on growing horizontaly insetead of vartically call

back hell
Inversion of control means that we giving the control of our pogram
to other part of code which we are not aware of

07:14

whenever const promise = createOrder(call) this line is executed .

This createOrder(call) api will return us a promise which is nothing
but a empty object and the program will go on executing after some
time this empty object will be filled with data automatically
whatever asyunc time it takes
Now what we will do is attach a call back fuction to this promise
object and once we have data tp this promise object the call back
fuction attached would automatically be called.So we will have
control of our program with us as we are not passing our code some
other unkown code.
Fetch returns us a promise.

20:56

24:34

Notes by:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ramanjot-singh-5b574422b/

29:55

this is called promise channing

31:18

return add karna mat bhulna

05:22

jo createOrder promise pas karega usko create karne ke liye we use

this syntax this Promise() constructor takes a function which has
resolve and
reject are the functions given by javascript to build

promises.

10:17

18:06

we should always use the catch statement to handle errors gracefully

promise ko resolve karne ke liye we use resolve() THIS

25:56

WE return what we need to handle in the next level of the chain

while doing promise chaning

30:45

what ever errors are there before this catch will be handeled and
after the catch jo bhi then statemenet hai voh run ho jayngi

we are attcahing a faliure call back function with catch in order to

handle error