REPORT WRITING

Submitted To: Dr. Waseem Tufail

Submitted By: Malaika Sumbal

Roll No: MSPSY-23-03

MS Clinical Psychology

Department of Applied Psychology

University of Sahiwal

(2023-2025)
 Table of Contents

Sr.no Contents Page

no

1 BDI-II………………………………………………………………………….. 2

2 Beck Anxiety Inventory………………………………………………………. 2

3 Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised (CESD-R-20)… 2

4 DASS-21……………………………………………………………………….. 2

5 GAD-7…………………………………………………………………………. 3

6 Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale……………………………………………….. 3

7 Mobility Inventory for Agoraphobia…………….…………………………. 3

8 Mood Disorder Questionnaire……………………………………………….. 3

9 Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory - Revised (OCI-R) (OCI-R)……………... 3

10 Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS)……………………………………….. 4

11 Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ)…………………………………... 4

12 Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)………………………... 4

13 Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS)……………………………………... 4

14 Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)…………………………………………. 4

15 Ghazali Personality Inventory……………………………………………….. 5

16 HEXACO-PI-R……………………………………………………………….. 5

17 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3)……,,,,,,,………. 5

18 NEO Personality Inventory-3………………………………………………... 5

19 Scoring……………………………………………………………………….. 7

20 References……………………………………………………………………. 13
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NAME: S. M
AGE: 24, 5
GRADE: Masters
SCHOOL: University of Sahiwal.
EXAMINER: Malaika Sumbal, MS Clinical Psychology.
REASON FOR REFERRAL
For Self-knowledge
RELEVANT BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Client currently lives in a blended family with her parents two sisters and one brother, ages
16, 19 and 23. Currently, Client’s mother is a house wife. Her father is a businessman.
Client attended a Private school from age 3.5 until the end of tenth grade. She then attended
DPS and College for Intermediate. She always preferred to be silent in the class. Her conduct was
good during schooling. She enjoys spending time on Instagram and YouTube. She preferred to
spend most of her time alone.
TEST ADMINISTERED
• BDI-II
• Beck Anxiety Inventory
• Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised (CESD-R-20)
• DASS-21
• GAD-7
• Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale
• Mobility Inventory for Agoraphobia
• Mood Disorder Questionnaire
• Obsessive-Compulsory Inventory-Revised (OCI-R)
• Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS)
• Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ)
• Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)
• Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS)
• Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)
• Ghazali Personality Inventory
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• HEXACO-PI-R
• Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3)
• NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-3)
Test Behaviors
BDI-II
Contains 21 items and identifies symptoms and attitudes associated with depression. The
BDI-II dropped four items (Weight Loss, Body Image Change, Somatic Preoccupation, and Work
Difficulty) from the original BDI and replaced them with four new items (Agitation,
Worthlessness, Concentration Difficulty, and Loss of Energy). The respondent must recall, based
on the previous two weeks, the relevance of each statement relating to: sadness, pessimism, sense
of failure, loss of pleasure, guilt, expectation of punishment, dislike of self, self-accusation,
suicidal ideation, episodes of crying, irritability, social withdrawal, indecisiveness, worthlessness,
loss of energy, insomnia, irritability, loss of appetite, preoccupation, fatigue, and loss of interest
in sex (Beck & Steer, 1988).
Beck Anxiety Inventory
The BAI is a self-report anxiety inventory consisting of 21 questions. The BAI assesses
frequency of anxiety symptoms over a 1-week period while minimizing their relationship with
depression. Fourteen items ask about somatic symptoms and 7 ask about cognitive symptoms
associated with anxiety. Patients rate the severity of each of these items on a 4-point Likert scale.
The BAI is a valid and reliable instrument for detecting anxiety, including among elderly patients.
Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised (CESD-R-20)
The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) is a
modified version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. This measure assesses
both depressive symptoms as well as symptom improvement in a wide range of children and
adolescents, ages 6–17. The CES-DC was first developed to measure the incidence and prevalence
of depression among children and adolescents in large-scale epidemiological research. Several
research studies have found the CES-DC to be a reliable and valid measure of depressive
symptoms in children.
DASS-21
The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales – 21 (DASS-21) is 21-item self-report measure
designed to assess the severity of general psychological distress and symptoms related to
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depression, anxiety, and stress in adults’ older adolescents (17 years +).
GAD-7
The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7) is a seven-item instrument that is
used to measure or assess the severity of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Each item asks the
individual to rate the severity of his or her symptoms over the past two weeks. Response options
include “not at all”, “several days”, “more than half the days” and “nearly every day”.
Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale
The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) is a psychological assessment tool specifically
designed to evaluate the range and severity of social anxiety disorder (SAD) symptoms. Introduced
by Dr. Michael R. Liebowitz in 1987, the scale addresses the need for a comprehensive measure
to adequately reflect the complex nature of social anxiety.
The LSAS distinguishes itself by assessing not only the fear associated with social interaction and
performance situations, but also the avoidance behaviors that often accompany such fears. This
dual focus provides a more complete view of social anxiety, encapsulating both the emotional
distress and the consequential behavioral adaptations that characterize the disorder.
Mobility Inventory for Agoraphobia
The development of the Mobility Inventory for Agoraphobia (MI), a 27-item inventory for
the measurement of self-reported agoraphobic avoidance behavior and frequency of panic attacks,
is described. On this instrument, 26 situations are rated for avoidance both when clients are
accompanied and when they are alone.
Mood Disorder Questionnaire
The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) helps to screen for bipolar symptoms linked to
bipolar spectrum disorders. This is used in the evaluation of outpatient psychiatric populations and
refers to all the bipolar spectrum disorders (bipolar I, II, and cyclothymia).
Obsessive-Compulsory Inventory-Revised (OCI-R)
The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (“OCI-R”) is an 18-item self-report scale for OCD.
The OCI-R is a shorter version than the OCI (Fao et al., 1998). Even though the OCI-R has only
18 items, it retains many of the qualities of the OCI. It was found to have good to excellent internal
consistency, test–retest reliability, and convergent validity. Each item is scored on a 5-point scale
(0-4 points), and the total score is the sum of the scores on all items. According to the authors,
people with OCD typically have a score of 21 points and higher.
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Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS)

The scale is a useful way of assessing overall panic disorder severity at baseline, and it
provides a profile of severity of the different panic disorder symptoms. It is a good monitoring tool
because it is brief and sensitive to change, and can be used to track symptoms over time.
The scale consists of seven items, each rated on a 5-point scale. The items assess panic
frequency, distress during panic, panic-focused anticipatory anxiety, phobic avoidance of
situations, phobic avoidance of physical sensations, impairment in work functioning, and
impairment in social functioning.
Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ)
The PSWQ is a 16-item self-report scale designed to measure the trait of worry in adults.
Worry is regarded as a dominant feature of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The scale
measures the excessiveness, generality, and uncontrollable dimensions of worry.
Patient Health Questionnaire
The PHQ-9 is a tool used to measure depression rates. It was created in 2001 by several
medical doctors using a grant provided by the pharmaceutical company Pfizer. The drug company
and developers made the PHQ-9 free and do not require permission to reproduce, display, or
distribute the questions.
Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS)
The development of the SIAS was based on the conceptualization that social anxiety occurs
in two types of situations; those involving social interaction with others (e.g., initiating and
maintaining conversation) and those involving being observed or scrutinized by others. Each type
of situation requires somewhat different skills, and a socially anxious person may fear one, the
other, or both types of situations (Heimberg, Mueller, Holt, Hope & Liebowitz, 1992). The SIAS
attempts to measure the first of the two concepts, social interaction anxiety. The SIAS consists of
20 items that are rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from “not at all characteristic of me” to
“extremely characteristic of me.” Items are self-statements describing reactions to social
interactions in dyads or groups. A total SIAS score is generated by summing the ratings after
reverse scoring three positively worded items.
Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)
The Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) is one of the most frequently utilized rating scales
to assess manic symptoms. The scale has 11 items and is based on the patient’s subjective report
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of his or her clinical condition over the previous 48 hours. Additional information is based upon
clinical observations made during the course of the clinical interview. The items are selected based
upon published descriptions of the core symptoms of mania. The YMRS follows the style of the
Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) with each item given a severity rating. There are
four items that are graded on a 0 to 8 scale (irritability, speech, thought content, and
disruptive/aggressive behavior), while the remaining seven items are graded on a 0 to 4 scale.
These four items are given twice the weight of the others to compensate for poor cooperation from
severely ill patients. There are well described anchor points for each grade of severity.
Ghazali Personality Inventory
The Ghazali Personality Inventory was designed to measure normality in Pakistani
Muslims based on concepts from Ghazali and other scholars.
HEXACO-PI-R
The HEXACO model of personality structure is a six-dimensional model of human
personality that was created by Ashton and Lee and explained in their book, The H Factor of
Personality,[1] based on findings from a series of lexical studies involving several European and
Asian languages. The six factors, or dimensions, include honesty-humility (H), emotionality (E),
extraversion (X), agreeableness (A), conscientiousness (C), and openness to experience (O). Each
factor is composed of traits with characteristics indicating high and low levels of the factor. The
HEXACO model was developed through similar methods as other trait taxonomies and builds on
the work of Costa and McCrae and Goldberg. The model, therefore, shares several common
elements with other trait models. However, the HEXACO model is unique mainly due to the
addition of the honesty-humility dimension.
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3)
The new MMPI®-3 is the most up-to-date personality assessment available for mental
health, medical, forensic, and public safety settings. The test is modernized for today’s clients and
provides new norms and updated items and scales. The MMPI-3 continues to build on the history
and strengths of the MMPI instruments to provide an empirically validated, psychometrically
relevant standard for psychological assessment.
NEO PI-3
The neo (neuroticism, extraversion, openness) personality inventory is a widely used
psychological assessment tool designed to measure the five-factor model (FFM) of personality.
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Developed by Paul t. Costa JR. And Robert R. McCrae, it provides insight into an individual's
personality traits across five broad dimensions: neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience,
agreeableness, and conscientiousness.
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SCORE INTERPRETATION
Scoring of BDI-II
Raw scores Score ranges Severity level
4 0-13 Minimal Range

Scoring of BAI
Raw scores Score ranges Severity level
0 0-21 Low Anxiety

Scoring of (CESD-R-20)
Raw Score Cutoff Score
12 16

Scoring of DASS-21
Depression
Raw scores Score ranges Severity level
0 0-9 Normal

Anxiety
Raw scores Score ranges Severity level
0 0-7 Normal

Stress
Raw scores Score ranges Severity level
0 0-14 Normal

Scoring of GAD-7
Raw scores Score ranges Severity level
0 0-4 Minimal Anxiety
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Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale

Raw scores Score ranges Severity level

118 90 above SAD is high

Mobility Inventory for Agoraphobia

(Places)
Raw scores Cutoff score
2.6 2.5
(Open Spaces)

Raw scores Cutoff score

2 2.5
(Riding in)

Raw scores Cutoff score

3.6 2.5
(Driving or riding in a car)

Raw scores Cutoff score

2 2.5
(Situations)

Raw scores Cutoff score

5.5 2.5

Mood Disorder Questionnaire

The client marked response “NO” in each statement. Hence further medical assessment for BPD
is not warranted.
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Obsessive-Compulsory Inventory-Revised (OCI-R)

Raw scores Cutoff score

29 21

Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS)

Raw scores Cutoff score

0 9

Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ)

Raw scores Cutoff score

19 16-18

Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)

Raw scores Score ranges Severity level

2 1-4 Minimal Depression

Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS)

Raw scores Cutoff score

24 36

Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)

Raw scores Score ranges Severity level

0 0-60 Remission
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HEXACO-PI-R

Domains Raw scores

Agreeableness 36
Conscientiousness 43
Openness to experience 41
Honesty/Humility 33
Emotionality 24
Extraversion 34

NEO PI-3

Domains Raw scores

Neuroticism 36
Extraversion 43
Openness to experience 41
Agreeableness 33
Conscientiousness 24

Neuroticism Facets Scoring

Facets Raw score

N1: Anxiety 6
N2: Angry Hostility 5
N3: Depression 8
N4: Self-Consciousness 12
N5: Impulsiveness 3
N6: Vulnerability 1
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Extraversion facets scoring

Facets Raw score

E1: Warmth 3
E2: Gregariousness 1
E3: Assertiveness 15
E4: Activity 14
E5: Excitement-Seeking 17
E6: Positive Emotions 22

Openness to Experience facet scoring

Facets Raw score
01: Fantasy 18
02: Aesthetics 26
03: Feelings 13
04: Actions 12
05: Ideas 25
06: Values 20

Agreeableness facets scoring

Facets Raw score
A1: Trust 11
A2: Straightforwardness 17
A3: Altruism 23
A4: Compliance 26
A5: Modesty 20
A6: Tender-Mindedness 23
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Conscientiousness facets scoring

Facets Raw score
C1: Competence 29
C2: Order 32
C3: Dutifulness 32
C4: Achievement Striving 22
C5: Self-Discipline 29
C6: Deliberation 25
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American Psychiatric Association. (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
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American Psychiatric Association. (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
(Rev. 3rd ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
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American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
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