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ROM

ROM, or Read-Only Memory, is a non-volatile type of computer memory that retains data without power and is primarily used for storing fixed instructions. It comes in various types, including Mask ROM, Programmable ROM, EPROM, and EEPROM, each with different capabilities for data writing and erasure. ROM is commonly used for applications like BIOS storage, firmware in embedded systems, and boot loaders for operating systems.

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6 views

ROM

ROM, or Read-Only Memory, is a non-volatile type of computer memory that retains data without power and is primarily used for storing fixed instructions. It comes in various types, including Mask ROM, Programmable ROM, EPROM, and EEPROM, each with different capabilities for data writing and erasure. ROM is commonly used for applications like BIOS storage, firmware in embedded systems, and boot loaders for operating systems.

Uploaded by

swagkitten456
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ROM, or Read-Only Memory, is a type of

computer memory that is non-volatile, meaning it retains its data even when the
power is turned off. As the name implies, data stored in ROM can only be read and
accessed; it cannot be modified or overwritten under normal circumstances.

Here's a breakdown of key characteristics and types of ROM:

1. Non-Volatile: Unlike Random Access Memory (RAM), which loses its data when the
power is turned off, ROM retains its contents permanently. This makes ROM ideal for
storing critical system instructions or firmware that need to be preserved even
when the device is powered down.
2. Read-Only Access: ROM is primarily used for storing fixed, pre-programmed data
or instructions that are essential for the operation of a computer or electronic
device. Once data is written to ROM during manufacturing, it cannot be altered or
deleted, hence the term "read-only."
3. Types of ROM:
 Mask ROM (MROM): In this type of ROM, the data is programmed during
the manufacturing process using a mask, hence the name. Once
programmed, the data is permanently fixed and cannot be changed.
 Programmable ROM (PROM): PROM allows the user to write data to the
memory once after purchase, using a special device called a PROM
programmer. Once programmed, the data is fixed and cannot be altered.
 Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM): EPROM allows for multiple writes
and erasures. It retains its data even when the power is turned off. However,
to erase the data, it needs to be exposed to ultraviolet light for a specified
duration.
 Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM): EEPROM can be
erased and reprogrammed electrically, without the need for ultraviolet light.
This makes it more convenient for updating firmware or storing user-specific
settings in electronic devices.
4. Applications: ROM is used in various applications, including:
 Storing BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) in computers.
 Firmware in embedded systems, such as smartphones, tablets, and consumer
electronics.
 Boot loaders for operating systems.
 Cartridges for video game consoles.
 Read-only memory for optical discs, such as CD-ROM and DVD-ROM.

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