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PS4 Signals and Systems 8March2024

This document outlines Problem Set 4 for the Signals and Systems course at IIT-Kharagpur, focusing on various problems related to Fourier transforms of continuous-time and discrete-time signals. It includes tasks such as finding Fourier transforms, analyzing periodic signals, and exploring properties of discrete-time Fourier transforms. The problems require the application of Fourier analysis techniques and properties to derive solutions.

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Sodisetty Rahul Koushik
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18 views4 pages

PS4 Signals and Systems 8March2024

This document outlines Problem Set 4 for the Signals and Systems course at IIT-Kharagpur, focusing on various problems related to Fourier transforms of continuous-time and discrete-time signals. It includes tasks such as finding Fourier transforms, analyzing periodic signals, and exploring properties of discrete-time Fourier transforms. The problems require the application of Fourier analysis techniques and properties to derive solutions.

Uploaded by

Sodisetty Rahul Koushik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem Set 4

Instructor: Subhadip Mukherjee


Department of E&ECE, IIT-Kharagpur
EC21208: Signals and Systems
8 March 2024

Problem 1. Find the Fourier transforms of the following  continuous-time


 signals.

−at −2t
 sin πt sin 2π(t − 1)
1. e cos(ω0 t) u(t), where a > 0 2. te sin 4t u(t) 3. 4. x(t) as shown in Figure
πt π(t − 1)
∞
X
1 below. 5. αk δ(t − kT ), |α| < 1
k=0

Figure 1:

Problem 2. Consider the signal (


e−t , 0 ≤ t ≤ 1,
x0 (t) =
0, otherwise.
Determine the Fourier transform of each of the signals shown in Figure 2. You should be able to do this by

Figure 2:

explicitly evaluating only the transform of x0 (t) and then using properties of the Fourier transform.

1
Problem 3. Let x(t) have the Fourier transform X(jω), and let p(t) be periodic with fundamental frequency
+∞
X
ω0 and Fourier series representation p(t) = an ejnω0 t .
n=−∞

1. Determine an expression for the Fourier transform of y(t) = x(t)p(t).


2. Suppose X(jω) is as depicted in Fig. 3(a) and p(t) is the periodic square wave shown in Fig. 3(b).
Sketch the spectrum of y(t) = x(t)p(t).

Figure 3:

Problem 4. Consider a periodic signal x(t) whose Fourier series representation can be written as
5  k
X 1
x(t) = sin(kπt).
2
k=0

Let x̂(t) represent the signal obtained by performing impulse-train sampling on x(t) using a sampling period
of T = 0.2.
1. Does aliasing occur with this sampling period?
π
2. If x̂(t) is passed through an ideal low-pass filter with cutoff frequency and passband gain T , determine
T
the corresponding output signal g(t).

Problem 5. Let x1 (t) and x2 (t) have spectra satisfying X1 (ω) = 0 for |ω| ≥ ω1 and X2 (ω) = 0 for |ω| ≥ ω2 ,
respectively. Find the Nyquist frequency for x1 (t)x2 (t), i.e., the product of x1 (t) and x2 (t).

Problem 6. A signal limited in bandwidth to |ω| < W can be recovered from nonuniformly spaced samples
W
as long as the average sampling density is 2 samples per second. This problem illustrates a particular
2π
case of non-uniform sampling. Assume that in Figure 4(a):
• x(t) is bandlimited, i.e., X(ω) = 0 for |ω| > W .
• p(t) is a nonuniformly spaced periodic pulse train, as shown in Figure 4(b).
2π
• f (t) is a periodic waveform with period T = . Since f (t) multiplies an impulse train, only its values
W
f (0) = a and f (∆) = b are significant.
• H1 (ω) is a π
2 phase-shifter, i.e., (
j, for ω ≥ 0,
H1 (ω) =
−j, for ω < 0

2
Figure 4:

• H2 (ω) is an ideal low-pass filter, i.e.,



K,
 for 0 ≤ ω ≤ W ,
∗
H2 (ω) = K , for −W ≤ ω < 0,

0, for |ω| > W ,

where K is a possibly complex-valued constant.

1. Find the Fourier transforms of p(t), y1 (t), y2 (t), and y3 (t).


2. Specify the values of a, b, and K as functions of ∆ such that z(t) = x(t) for any bandlimited x(t) and
π
any ∆ such that 0 < ∆ < .
W
Problem 7. Using properties of discrete-time Fourier transform, show that for |α| < 1:
1
1. DTFT {(n + 1)αn u[n]} = 2.
(1 − αe−jω )
 
(n + r − 1)! n 1
2. Use induction to show that DTFT α u[n] = r , where r ≥ 2 is a positive
n!(r − 1)! (1 − αe−jω )
integer.

Problem 8. Let x[n] be a signal with Fourier transform X ejω , and let g[n] = x[2n] be a signal whose
Fourier transform is G ejω . In this problem, we derive the relationship between G ejω and X ejω .
1 −jπn   
1. Let v[n] = e x[n] + x[n] . Denote the Fourier transform of v[n] by V ejω . Express V ejω in
2 
terms of X ejω .
ω
2. Noting that v[n] = 0 for n odd, show that the Fourier transform of v[2n] is equal to V ej 2 .

3
 
3. Use the preceding results to write G ejω in terms of X ejω .

Problem 9. Let X ejω be the Fourier transform of a real-valued signal x[n]. Show that x[n] can be
Z π
written as x[n] = (B(ω) cos(ωn) + C(ω) sin(ωn)) dω, by finding expressions for B(ω) and C(ω) in terms
 0
of X ejω .

Problem 10. Consider a discrete-time signal y[n] whose Fourier transform can be written as
Z ω+ π
4
jω
X ejθ dθ.
 
Y e =
ω− π
4

Find an expression for y[n] in terms of x[n].

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