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NT-11S

The document provides solutions for various mathematical problems related to finding unit digits of sums and products. It explains methods for determining unit digits using properties of numbers, cyclic patterns, and prime numbers. Each solution is presented with calculations and reasoning to arrive at the final unit digit.

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Santosh Kumar
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3 views

NT-11S

The document provides solutions for various mathematical problems related to finding unit digits of sums and products. It explains methods for determining unit digits using properties of numbers, cyclic patterns, and prime numbers. Each solution is presented with calculations and reasoning to arrive at the final unit digit.

Uploaded by

Santosh Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mathematics

SET - 11

SOLUTIONS
1. We can find the unit digit just by adding the unit digits 3, 5, 0, 5, 4 as
3 + 5 + 0 + 5 + 4 = 17
So the unit digit (or the last digit) of the resultant value of the expression 123 + 345 + 780 + 65 + 44 will
be 7. (you can verify it by doing the whole sum)
2. We can find the unit digit of the product of the given expression just by multiplying the unit digits (6, 3, 9)
instead of doing the whole sum.
Thus 6 × 3 × 9 = 162
Hence, the unit digit of the product of the given expression will be 2. (you can verify it by doing the complete
sum).
3. The unit digit can be obtained by multiplying the unit digits 5, 1, 0. Then 5 × 1 × 0 = 0 thus the unit digit will
be zero.
4. The prime numbers are 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19.... etc.
Now we know that if 5 is multiplied by any odd number it always gives the last digit 5. So the required unit
digit will be 5.
5. The last digit of 21 = 2
22 = 4
23 = 8
24 = 6
25 = 2
Since its cyclic period is four, it means the unit digit of 2 will repeat after every 4 steps. Hence we can say that
the last digit of 21, 25, 29, 213, 217, 221, 225, 229, 233, 237 is the same and the last digit of 22, , 26, 210, 214,
218......230, 234, 238 is same and the last digit of 23, 27, 211, 215, ....... 231, 235, 239 is same and the last digit of
24, 28, 212, 216, ....... 232, 236, 240 etc. is same
Hence the last digit of 235 is 8.
6. The unit digit of (12)78 will be same as (2)78. Now since we know that the cyclic period of unit digit of 2 is 4.
The remainder when 78 is divided by 4 is 2. Hence the unit digit of 278 will be same as 22 which is 4. Thus the
unit digit of 1278 is 4.
7. Since we know that the unit digit of (33)123 will be same as (3)123. Now the unit-digit of 3123 will be 7 since it
will be equal to the unit of 33.
Thus the unit digit of (3)123 is 7.

1
Mathematics

8. The unit digit of the given expression will be equal to the unit digit of the sum of the unit digits of both the terms
individually.
Now, unit digit of 347 is 7(since it will be equal to 33) and the unit digit of 752 is 1 (since it will be equal to 74)
Thus the unit digit of 347 + 752 is 7 + 1 = 8.
9. The unit digit of 36 is 9.
The unit digit of 47 is 4
The unit digit of 63 = 6
The unit digit of 74 is 1
The unit digit of 82 is 4
The unit digit of 95 is 9
Therefore the unit digit of the given expression is 6, (since 9 × 4 × 6 × 1 × 4 × 9 = 7776)
10. 111! = 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 ×.......... × 110 × 111
Since there is product of 5 and 2 hence it will give zero as the unit digit.
Hence the unit digit of 111! is 0 (zero)
11. The set of prime number S = (2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13........)
Since there is one 5 and one 2 which gives 10 after multiplying mutually, it means the unit digit will be zero.
12. The set of required prime number = {3, 5, 7, 11......}. Since there is no any even number is the set so when
5 will multiply with any odd number, it will always gives 5 as the last digit.
Hence the unit digit will be 5.
13. The last digit of the expression will be same as the last digit of 2888 + 8222.
Now the last digit of 2888 is 6 and the last digit of the 8222 is 4.
Thus the last digit of 2888 + 8222 is 0 (zero), since 6 + 4 = 10.

14. The last digit of 3232 32 is same as 23232

But 23232 = 2323232.........32 times


32
 232  2 48( 3232........31 times )

 232  2 4 n ,
32

where n = 8 × (32 × 32 × ......... × 31 times)


Again 24n = (16)n  unit digit is 6, for every n  N
Hence, the required unit digit = 6
15. The unit digit of the whole expression will be the equal to the unit digit of the sum of the unit digits of the
expression.

2
Mathematics

Now adding the unit digits of 12 + 22 + 32 + ....... + 102


We get 1 + 4 + 9 + 6 + 5 + 6 + 9 + 4 + 1 + 0 = 45
Hence, the unit digit of 12 + 22 + .......... + 102 is 5.
Now since there are 10 similar columns of numbers which will yield the same unit digit 5. Hence the sum of
the unit digits of all the 10 columns is 50 (5 + 5 + 5 + ....... + 5)
Hence, the unit digit of the given expression is 0 (zero).
16. The unit digit of 11 = 1
The unit digit of 22 = 4
The unit digit of 33 = 7
The unit digit of 44 = 6
The unit digit of 55 = 5
The unit digit of 66 = 6
The unit digit of 77 = 3
The unit digit of 88 = 6
The unit digit of 99 = 9
The unit digit of 1010 = 0
Thus the unit digit of the given expression will be 7.
( 1 + 4 + 7 + 6 + 5 + 6 + 3 + 6 + 9 = 47)

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