// Blockchain Implementation in Vehicular Networks

// Imported date class so as to get timeStamp

import java.util.Date;

// Imported to make use of random numbers

import java.util.*;

// This is to use SHA-256 algorithm

import java.security.MessageDigest;

// Making our Block

class Block
{

// This is the data of our block

private String data;
// This is hash of previous block
public String previousHash;
// This is hash of current block
public String hash;
// This indicates when a block last updated
private long timeStamp;

private double trueness;

// Initializing all our members of Block

public Block(String data, String previousHash, double trueness)
{
this.data = data;
this.previousHash = previousHash;
this.timeStamp = new Date().getTime();
this.trueness=trueness;
// Hash of current block is calculated as the aggregate of all the
members present in that block
this.hash = current_block_hash_calculate();
}

public double getTruthValue()

{
return trueness;
}

public void setTruthValue(double val)

{
trueness=(trueness+val)/2;
}

// Calculatuing hash of current block

public String current_block_hash_calculate()
{
// Hash of current block is calculated as the aggregate of all the members
present in that block
String current_hash = Sha_256(previousHash + Long.toString(timeStamp) +
data);
return current_hash;
}
 //Applying Sha256 algorithm to input string and getting the hash of that
block
public static String Sha_256(String input)
{
// Wraping it inside try-catch as it is comes under checked exception
try
{
// Taking the Instance of SHA-256
MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");

// Get our input in bytes

byte[] hash_in_bytes = md.digest(input.getBytes("UTF-8"));

// Representing our hash in hexidecimal

StringBuilder hash_in_hex = new StringBuilder();

for (int i = 0; i < hash_in_bytes.length; i++)

{
// This make sure our input is in Hex form only
String hex = Integer.toHexString(0xff & hash_in_bytes[i]);
hash_in_hex.append(hex);
}

return hash_in_hex.toString();
}

// catch block
catch(Exception e)
{
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}

// Making our class

class Car
{
private int Xcoordinate;
private int Ycoordinate;

Car(int x, int y)
{
Xcoordinate=x;
Ycoordinate=y;
}

public int getXcoordinate()

{
return Xcoordinate;
}

public int getYcoordinate()

{
return Ycoordinate;
}

public void setXcoordinate(int x)

{
 Xcoordinate=x;
}

public void setYcoordinate(int y)

{
Ycoordinate=y;
}

class RSU
{
private int Xcoordinate;
private int Ycoordinate;
private String message;

RSU(int x, int y, String msg)

{
Xcoordinate=x;
Ycoordinate=y;
message=msg;
}

public int getXcoordinate()

{
return Xcoordinate;
}

public int getYcoordinate()

{
return Ycoordinate;
}

// Driver class
public class Main {

// Driver method
public static void main(String[] args) {

Random rdm = new Random();

double val=Math.random();

int xcord=rdm.nextInt(101)+200;
int ycord=rdm.nextInt(101)+200;

double tv1=Math.random();
double tv2=Math.random();
double tv3=Math.random();

String message;

// Making our 1st block

// Since it is our first block so its previous hash should be 0
Block GenesisBlock = new Block("This is our Genesis Block", "0",tv1);
//System.out.println("Genesis Block Hash is : " + GenesisBlock.hash);
//System.out.println("Hash of block previous to Genesis Block is : "
+null);

//System.out.println();

// Making our 2nd block

// Since it is our 2nd block so its previous hash should be hash of genesis
block (Block 1)
Block Block_2 = new Block("This is the 2nd
Block",GenesisBlock.hash,tv2);
//System.out.println("Block 2 Hash is : " + Block_2.hash);
//System.out.println("Hash of block previous to Block 2 (i,e Block 1)
is : " +GenesisBlock.hash);

//System.out.println();

// Making our 3rd block

// Since it is our 3rd block so its previous hash should be hash of Block 2
Block Block_3 = new Block("This is the 3rd Block",Block_2.hash,tv3);
//System.out.println("Block 3 Hash is : " + Block_3.hash);
//System.out.println("Hash of block previous to Block 3 (i,e Block 2)
is : " +Block_2.hash);

Car c1=new Car(xcord,ycord);

Car c2=new Car(xcord-50,ycord);
Car c3=new Car(xcord-110,ycord);

System.out.println();
System.out.println("-----------------------------Initial Coordinates of
Cars-------------------------");
System.out.println();

System.out.println("Initial Coordinates of Car 1 are

("+c1.getXcoordinate()+","+c2.getYcoordinate()+")");
System.out.println("Initial Coordinates of Car 2 are
("+c2.getXcoordinate()+","+c2.getYcoordinate()+")");
System.out.println("Initial Coordinates of Car 3 are
("+c3.getXcoordinate()+","+c3.getYcoordinate()+")");

System.out.println();
System.out.println("-----------------------------HAPPENING OF
EVENT----------------------------------");
System.out.println();
System.out.print("EVENT HAPPENED IS: ");

if(GenesisBlock.getTruthValue()>=0.5 && val>=0.5)

{
message="Accident happened at coordinate ("+xcord+","+ycord+") of Car
1";
System.out.println(message);
GenesisBlock.setTruthValue(1);
}

else if(GenesisBlock.getTruthValue()<0.5 && val>=0.5)

{
message="False Accident message send by Car 1";
System.out.println(message);
GenesisBlock.setTruthValue(-1);
return;
 }

else if(GenesisBlock.getTruthValue()>=0.5 && val<0.5)

{
message="Traffic Jam happened at coordinate ("+xcord+","+ycord+") of
Car 1 ";
System.out.println(message);
GenesisBlock.setTruthValue(1);
}

else
{
message="False Traffic Jam message send by Car 1";
System.out.println(message);
GenesisBlock.setTruthValue(-1);
return;
}

System.out.println();

RSU rsu=new RSU(xcord,ycord+50, message);

Car[]arrayofcar=new Car[4];

arrayofcar[1]=c1;
arrayofcar[2]=c2;
arrayofcar[3]=c3;

boolean visited[]=new boolean[4];

visited[1]=true;

System.out.println();
System.out.println("-----------------------------HAPPENING OF V2V
Communication----------------------");
System.out.println();

V2Vcommunication(arrayofcar, visited, 1);

System.out.println();
System.out.println("-----------------------------HAPPENING OF V2R
Communication----------------------");
System.out.println();

System.out.println("Coordinates of RSU are ("+rsu.getXcoordinate()

+","+rsu.getYcoordinate()+")");
V2Rcommunication(arrayofcar,visited, rsu);

System.out.println();
System.out.println("-----------------------------Final Coordinates of
Cars---------------------------");
System.out.println();

System.out.println("Final Coordinates of Car 1 are ("+c1.getXcoordinate()

+","+c1.getYcoordinate()+") ###### UNCHANGED");
System.out.println("Final Coordinates of Car 2 are ("+c2.getXcoordinate()
+","+c2.getYcoordinate()+") ###### CHANGED");
System.out.println("Final Coordinates of Car 3 are ("+c3.getXcoordinate()
+","+c3.getYcoordinate()+") ###### CHANGED");
 }

public static void V2Vcommunication(Car[]arrayofcar, boolean[]visited, int

carnumber)
{

if(carnumber==3)
return;

int q=carnumber;
for(;q<arrayofcar.length-1;q++)
{
int val1=Math.abs(arrayofcar[q].getXcoordinate()-
arrayofcar[q+1].getXcoordinate());
int val2=Math.abs(arrayofcar[q].getYcoordinate()-
arrayofcar[q+1].getYcoordinate());

double reach=Math.sqrt((val1*val1)+(val2*val2));

if(visited[q+1]==false)
{

if(reach<=50)
{
visited[q+1]=true;
System.out.println("Incident information passed from Car "+q+" to
Car "+(q+1));

int xcord=arrayofcar[q+1].getXcoordinate();
int ycord=arrayofcar[q+1].getYcoordinate();

V2Vcommunication(arrayofcar, visited, carnumber+1);

System.out.println("Car "+(q+1)+" moves to Right from coordinate

("+xcord+","+ycord+") to coordinate ("+(xcord+25)+","+(ycord-25)+")");
arrayofcar[q+1].setXcoordinate(xcord+25);
arrayofcar[q+1].setYcoordinate(ycord-25);

break;
}

else
{
System.out.println("Incident information cannot be passed from Car
"+q+ " to Car "+(q+1)+" because Car "+(q+1)+" is not in a range of Car "+q);
System.out.println("No other Car is in reach of Car "+q);
return;
}

}
}

System.out.println("No other Car is in reach of Car "+(q+2));

public static void V2Rcommunication(Car[]arrayofcar, boolean[]visited, RSU

rsu)
 {
System.out.println("Incident information passed from Car 1 to RSU ");

for(int q=2;q<arrayofcar.length;q++)
{
int val1=Math.abs(rsu.getXcoordinate()-
arrayofcar[q].getXcoordinate());
int val2=Math.abs(rsu.getYcoordinate()-
arrayofcar[q].getYcoordinate());

double reach=Math.sqrt((val1*val1)+(val2*val2));

if(reach<=150)
{
if(visited[q]==true)
System.out.println("Car "+q+" is in reach of RSU but it already
gets V2V communication from Car 1");

else
{
System.out.println("Incident information passed from RSU to Car
"+q);
int xcord=arrayofcar[q].getXcoordinate();
int ycord=arrayofcar[q].getYcoordinate();

System.out.println("Car "+q+" moves to Left from coordinate

("+xcord+","+ycord+") to coordinate ("+(xcord+25)+","+(ycord+25)+")");
arrayofcar[q].setXcoordinate(xcord+25);
arrayofcar[q].setYcoordinate(ycord+25);

else
System.out.println("Incident information cannot be passed from RSU to
Car "+q+" because Car "+q+" is not in a range of RSU");

System.out.println("No other Car is in reach of RSU");

}