ITLBJ701 BACKEND USING JAVA

LEARNING UNIT 1 - PREPARE PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT

1.1Select Java programming tools

 Description of Java web programming tools

What is JDK?
JDK is an abbreviation for Java Development Kit. It is an environment of software
development used for developing applets and Java applications. JDK has a
physical existence, and it contains JRE + development tools. One can easily install
more than one version of JDK on the same computer. The Java developers can
make use of it on macOS, Windows, Linux, and Solaris. JDK assists them in
coding and running the Java programs.

It is an implementation of any of the given Java Platforms that the Oracle

Corporation released:

 Micro Edition
 Enterprise Edition
 Standard Edition
The JDK consists of a private JVM (Java Virtual Machine) along with a few other
resources, java (a loader/interpreter), like javac (a compiler), Javadoc (a
documentation generator), jar (an archiver), etc., for completing the process of Java
application development.

JDK Versions
JDK 21
JDK 21 is the latest long-term support release of Java SE Platform.

What is JRE?
JRE stands for Java Runtime Environment- also written as Java RTE. It is a set of
software tools designed for running other software. It is an implementation of
JVM, and JRE provides a runtime environment. In short, a user needs JRE to run
any Java program. If not a programmer, the user doesn’t need to install the JDK-
JRE alone will help run the Java programs.

All the versions of JDK come bundled up with the JRE (Java Runtime
Environment). This way, a user doesn’t have to download and install JRE on their
PC separately. The JRE also exists physically. It consists of a library set + a few
more files that the JVM (Java Virtual Machine) deploys at the runtime.

What is JVM?
JVM stands for Java Virtual Machine. It provides a runtime environment for
driving Java applications or code. JVM is an abstract machine that converts the
Java bytecode into a machine language. It is also capable of running the programs
written by programmers in other languages (compiled to the Java bytecode). The
JVM is also known as a virtual machine as it does not exist physically.

JVM is essentially a part of the JRE (Java Run Environment). You cannot
separately download and install it. You first need to install the JRE to install the
JVM. It is available for many software and hardware platforms. In various distinct
programming languages, the compiler functions to produce machine code for
specific systems. However, only the Java compiler produces code for a virtual
machine- also known as JVM.

All three, JDK, JRE, and JVM, are dependent. It is because each Operating
System’s (OS) condition is different from one another. But Java is independent of
the platform. The JVM has three
notions: implementation, instance, and specification.

JVM primarily performs the following tasks:

 Provides runtime environment

 Verifies code
 Loads code
 Executes code

Difference Between JDK, JRE, and JVM CDSX

Parameter JDK JRE JVM
Full-Form The JDK is an The JRE is an The JVM is an
abbreviation for Java abbreviation for Java abbreviation for Java
Development Kit. Runtime Environment. Virtual Machine.

Definition The JDK (Java The Java Runtime The Java Virtual
Development Kit) is a Environment (JRE) is Machine (JVM) is a
software development an implementation of platform-independent
kit that develops JVM. It is a type of abstract machine that
applications in Java. software package that has three notions in the
Along with JRE, the provides class libraries form of specifications.
JDK also consists of of Java, JVM, and This document
various development various other describes the
tools (Java Debugger, components for running requirement of JVM
JavaDoc, compilers, the applications written implementation.
etc.) in Java programming.

Functionality The JDK primarily JRE has a major JVM specifies all of
assists in executing responsibility for the implementations. It
codes. It primarily creating an environment is responsible for
functions in for the execution of providing all of these
development. code. implementations to the
JRE.

Platform The JDK is platform- JRE, just like JDK, is The JVM is platform-
Dependency dependent. It means also platform- independent. It means
that for every different dependent. It means that that you won’t require
platform, you require a for every different a different JVM for
different JDK. platform, you require a every different
different JRE. platform.

Tools Since JDK is primarily JRE, on the other hand, JVM does not consist
responsible for the does not consist of any of any tools for
development, it tool- like a debugger, software development.
consists of various compiler, etc. It rather
tools for debugging, contains various
monitoring, and supporting files for
developing java JVM, and the class
 applications. libraries that help JVM
in running the program.

Implementation JDK = Development JRE = Libraries for JVM = Only the

Tools + JRE (Java running the application runtime environment
Runtime Environment) + JVM (Java Virtual that helps in executing
Machine) the Java bytecode.

Why Use It? Why use JDK? Why use JRE? Why use JVM?
Some crucial reasons to Some crucial reasons
Some crucial reasons to use JRE are: to use JVM are:
use JDK are:
 If a user wants to  It provides its
 It consists of run the Java users with a
various tools applets, then they platform-
required for must install JRE independent way
writing Java on their system. for executing the
programs.  The JRE consists Java source
 JDK also of class libraries code.
contains JRE for along with JVM  JVM consists of
executing Java and its supporting various tools,
programs. files. It has no libraries, and
 It includes an other tools like a multiple
Appletviewer, compiler or a frameworks.
Java application debugger for Java  The JVM also
launcher, development. comes with a
compiler, etc.  JRE uses crucial Just-in-Time
 The compiler package classes (JIT) compiler
helps in like util, math, for converting
converting the awt, lang, and the Java source
code written in various runtime code into a low-
Java into libraries. level machine
bytecodes. language. Thus,
 The Java
it ultimately runs
application faster than any
launcher helps in regular
opening a JRE. It application.
then loads all of  Once you run
the Java
 the necessary program, you
details and then can run JVM on
executes all of its any given
main methods. platform to save
your time.
Features Features of JDK Features of JRE Features of JVM
Here are a few crucial
 Here are a few  Here are a few features of JVM:
crucial features crucial features of
of JDK: JRE:  The JVM
 It has all the  It is a set of tools enables a user to
features that JRE that actually run applications
does. helps the JVM to on their device
 JDK enables a run. or in a cloud
user to handle  The JRE also environment.
multiple consists of  It helps in
extensions in deployment converting the
only one catch technology. It bytecode into
block. includes Java machine-specific
 It basically Plug-in and Java code.
provides an Web Start as  JVM also
environment for well. provides some
developing and  A developer can basic Java
executing the easily run a functions, such
Java source code. source code in as garbage
 It has various JRE. But it does collection,
development not allow them to security,
tools like the write and compile memory
debugger, the concerned management,
compiler, etc. Java program. and many more.
 One can use the  JRE also contains  It uses a library
Diamond various along with the
operator to integration files given by
specify a generic libraries like the JRE (Java
interface in place JDBC (Java Runtime
of writing the Database Environment)
exact one. Connectivity), for running the
JNDI (Java program.
 Any user can
 easily install Naming and  Both JRE and
JDK on Unix, Directory JDK contain
Mac, and Interface), RMI JVM.
Windows OS (Remote Method  It is easily
(Operating Invocation), and customizable.
Systems). many more. For instance, a
 It consists of the user can feasibly
JVM and virtual allocate a
machine client maximum and
for Java HotSpot. minimum
memory to it.
 JVM can also
execute a Java
program line by
line. It is thus
also known as an
interpreter.
 JVM is also
independent of
the OS and
hardware. It
means that once
a user writes a
Java program,
they can easily
run it anywhere.

 IDE
An integrated development environment (IDE) is a software application that
provides comprehensive facilities for software development. An IDE normally
consists of at least a source-code editor, build automation tools, and a debugger.
Netbeans and their versions
Eclipse and their versions
 Application server
 Application servers are network computers that store and run an application for
client computers. Application servers, whatever their function, occupy a large
chunk of computing territory between database servers and the end user.

The difference between web server and application server

Web servers deliver static content, like HTML pages, images, videos, and files.
Application servers deliver dynamic content, like real-time updates, personalized
information, and customer support. Does not typically use multithreading.

Apache Tomcat
Glassfish
 Selection Requirements

 Compatibility
Hardware requirements for java programming

The hardware requirement actually depends on the version of java you want to use.
The java 8 version requires following hardware configuration :

 RAM: At least 128 MB

 Disk Space: 124 MB for JRE, 2 MB for Java Update
 Processor: Minimum Pentium 2 266 MHz processor
 Software requirements for java programming

 1. An editor like notepad, notepad++, TextPad, etc. for windows operating

system and Vim, Notepadqq, Geany etc. for linux based operating system to
write the java program.

 Current stable version

There are four platforms of the Java programming language: Java Platform,
Standard Edition (Java SE) Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE) Java
Platform, Micro Edition (Java ME)
 Selection of Tools
 JDK
 IDE
 Application server

1.2Install and configure JDK

 JDK Installation steps
Run setup
Following setup wizard progress
 Configulation and Testing of JDK
Set path
Run java command in cmd

1.3Install appropriately IDE

 IDE Installation steps
 Run setup
 Following setup wizard progress
 Configulation and Testing IDE
 Install missing plugins/ libraries
 Run java command in cmd

1.4Install appropriately application servers

 Installation of IDE
 Execution of the setup
 Installation steps
 Configulation Application server
 Set necessary configulations like username, password,linking it
with IDE,etc
 Run Hello world program