MULTI PURPOSE

BUILDING

Balkh, Afghanistan

DESIGN ANALYSIS REPORT

Executive Summary

Project Title: Multi-Purpose Building, Balkh, Afghanistan

General

This section describes the structures analysis and design procedures of Multi-Purpose
Building located in Balkh. The document contents the characteristics and properties of the
projected materials, magnitude and extent of loads to the structures, types of standards
and codes practiced in this project, criteria and parameters of design, analysis and design
of structures, and design summary. Ultimate state method is employed for concrete
structures. The structural design of this contract will be in accordance with current U.S.
design codes including International Building Codes (IBC), American Concrete Institute
(ACI 318-14).
Materials

The materials with the following properties shall be used in this project.
Structural Steel
ASTM A 36 —𝑓𝑦 = 250 𝑀𝑝𝑎 (36,000 𝑝𝑠𝑖)
Reinforcing Steel
ASTM A706 —𝑓𝑦 = 420 𝑀𝑝𝑎 (60,000 𝑝𝑠𝑖)
Structural Concrete
ASTM C 39 and ACI 318 —𝑓𝑐′ = 28 𝑀𝑝𝑎 (4,000 𝑝𝑠𝑖), the minimum specified
compressive strength @ 28 days, and the maximum water-cement ratio of 0.45.
Concrete PCC
ASTM C 39 and ACI 318 —𝑓𝑐′ = 21 𝑀𝑝𝑎 (3,000 𝑝𝑠𝑖), the minimum specified
compressive strength @ 28 days, and the maximum water-cement ratio of 0.45 for side
walk.
Concrete PCC for leveling = 𝑓𝑐′ = 10 𝑀𝑝𝑎 (1450 𝑝𝑠𝑖),
Masonry
ASTM C 90 — Type I, normal weight and moisture control
Grout
ASTM C 476 — with the minimum compressive strength @ 28 days of 14 Mpa (2,000
psi) and the slump range of 200 mm to 250 mm)
Mortar
ASTM C 270 —Type S with the ultimate compressive strength of 13 Mpa
Codes and References

A summary of the codes and standards which are used in the design of this project are as
follows:
IBC 2015: International Building Code
ACI 318M-14: Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete
ACI 530: Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures
ACI 530.1: Specifications for Masonry Structures
ACI 301: Specifications for Structural Concrete Buildings
ASCE 7-16: Minimum Design Loads for Building and Other Structures
ASCE 37-14: Design Load on Structure during Construction.
 UFC 3-301-01: Structural Engineering
UFC 1-200-01: Design: General Building Requirements
UFC 3-310-02A: Structural Design Criteria for Buildings
UFC 3-310-04: Seismic Design for Buildings, USACE
UFC 3-310-05A: Masonry Structural Design for Buildings, USACE
Designing Floor Slabs on Grade, 1992, Ringo& Anderson

Loads

The loads that are considered in analysis and design of these structures include the dead
loads, live loads, snow loads, seismic loads, wind loads and soil pressure.

Dead Loads & Live Loads

Dead loads are determined as per architectural/structural material used in drawings and
density of material has been taken from Table C3.1-1b, ASCE 7-16. Super imposed load
of some electrical/mechanical equipment has also taken from ASCE 7-16.
Roof Live Loads
Flat or Sloped Roof Live Load is 1.2 kPa (25 psf) – based on ASCE 37-14 (Design Load
on Structure during Construction) which will cover the live of UFC 3-301-01/ASCE 7-16.

Snow Loads
Snow load for Balkh 0.75 𝑘𝑃𝑎[Afghanistan Structural Building Codes]. The “Sloped
Roof Snow Loads, 𝑝𝑠 ” can be calculated based on section 7.4 ASCE 7-16 as follow:
𝑝𝑠 = 𝐶𝑠 𝑝𝑓
𝑝𝑓 = 0.7𝐶𝑒 𝐶𝑡 𝐼𝑠 𝑝𝑔
The terms are defined as:
Exposure category: C
𝐶𝑒 = 𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 1.0
𝐶𝑡 = 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 1.2
𝐼𝑠 = 𝐼𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 1.1
𝐶𝑠 = 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 1.0 (𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒)

Therefore, 𝑝𝑓 = 0.7(1.0)(1.2)(1.1)(0.75𝑘𝑃𝑎) = 0.7 𝑘𝑃𝑎

𝑝𝑠 = 𝑝𝑓 = 0.7 𝑘𝑃𝑎
The greater snow load shall be considered for design. In this case, 0.75 kPa could be
considered.
Floor Live Loads;
Considering the usage of the floor (switchgear and control building), a floor live load of
6kPa is assigned.
Roof Dead Loads
The roof dead load can be calculated based on the composition of the roof section. Table
below provides the load calculated details.
Table 1: Roof Dead Loads
Items Max. Gravity Load Min. Gravity Load
(kPa) (kPa)
Metal Decking 0.12 0.05
Framing 0.20 0.15
Insulation 0.01 0.05
Mech./Elec./Plumbing 0.20 0.10
Ceiling Plaster 0.24 0.20
Miscellaneous 0.10 0.00
Total 0.87 0.55
Therefore, superimposed dead load of 0.87 kpa for roof slabs shall be considered in design.
Note: This is only superimposed dead load; the self-dead-load is automatically calculated by the
programs. The weight of insulation is in accordance with manufacture.

Seismic Loads
The seismic load for the cast-in-place concrete building based on their location, Balkh-
Afghanistan, is summarized in the following table.
Table 2: Seismic loads parameters
No. Parameters Magnitude (characteristics)
1 Risk Category II [ASCE 7-16 Table 1-1]
2 Seismic Importance Factor 1.0 [ASCE 7-16 Table 1.5-2]
3 Seismic Site Class D
4 𝑠𝑠 (short period response) 0.78g [For Balkh, Afghanistan]
5 𝑠1 (1-section period 0.27g [For Balkh, Afghanistan]
response)
6 Seismic Design Category D [ASCE 7-16 Section 11.6.2]
7 Seismic Resisting System Special Moment Resisting Frame
(X-Direction) Systems
8 Seismic Resisting System Special Moment Resisting Frame
(Y-Direction) Systems

9 Seismic Analytical Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure

Procedure
10 Response Modification 8 [Special Moment Resisting Frame]-
Coefficient (R) ASCE 7-16 Table 12.2.1
11 Over strength Factor (Ω0 ) 3 [Special Moment Resisting Frame]-
ASCE 7-16 Table 12.2.1
12 Deflection Amplification 5 ½ [Special Moment Resisting Frame]-
Factor (C𝑑 ) ASCE 7-16 Table 12.2.1

Foundation Systems

The foundation systems consist of spread (single and Combined) footing under all columns for
the building. Footing thickness is determined considering one-way shear, two-way shear
(punching shear) and flexure.
The bearing capacity for the foundation of Multi-Purpose Building has been calculated in
accordance with Terzaghi Method. In design of Multi-Purpose Building; the soil properties of the
less bearing capacity have been considered.
 BEARING CAPACITY OF SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS
Terzaghi Method

Date 4/15/2020
Identification Foundation Check

INPUT
Units of Measurement
SI SI or E

Foundation Information
Shape SQ SQ, CI, CO, or RE
B= 2 m
L= 2 m
D= 1 m

Soil Information
c= 1.961 kPa
phi = 21.5 deg
gamma = 15.1 kN/m^3
Dw = 50 m

Factor of Safety
F= 3

Terzaghi Results

Bearing Capacity
q ult = 248 kPa
qa= 83 kPa (0.84 kg/cm2)

Allowable Column Load

P= 236 kN

Subgrade Modulus Used In SAFE Software for Design of Foundation

(Reference: Foundation Analysis and Design, 5th Edition by Joseph E. Bowles)

qu = 248.00 kPa Ultimate bearing capacity (Geotechnical Report)

FOS = 3.0 Factor of safety
qall = 83 kPa Allowable soil bearing capacity

Calculation of vertical modulus of subgrade reaction is provided below:

ks = 9,960 kPa/m Vertical modulus of subgrade reaction (k s = 40 x FOS x qall)
ks = 1.02 kg/cm3

Floor Systems

The floor system is considered to be slab-on-grade system. Based on critical bay and loading
condition, the thickness of the slab is selected. A thickness of 15 cm proposed by the architect is
determined to be adequate.
Procedures for Analysis and Design of Structure

The analysis of the structures is done with the finite element method. The seismic analysis, as
mentioned, is done by equivalent lateral force procedure a method permitted by IBC 2015. For
each node of beams and columns, six degrees of freedom are considered. As mentioned before,
ETABS is used for modeling, analysis and design of concrete frames considering that the frames
are special concrete moment frames. Besides, loads calculation is shown that the wind load is not
governing the design for lateral load resisting systems. Instead, seismic loads govern the design.
Since all the buildings are concrete structures, the requirements of ACI, ASCE 7 and IBC 2015
are considered in design. Moreover, the structures are designed for both strength and
serviceability. Besides strength and serviceability, the drifts are also checked with the
requirements of the associated codes. Table below provides the allowable drift control.

Table 3: Allowable drift values (Table 12.12-1 of ASCE 7.16)

Occupancy Category
Structure
I or II III IV
Structures, other than masonry shear wall structures, 4 0.025ℎ𝑠𝑥 0.020ℎ𝑠𝑥 0.015ℎ𝑠𝑥
stories or less with interior walls, partitions, ceilings and
exterior wall systems that have been designed to
accommodate the story drifts.
Masonry cantilever shear wall structures 0.010ℎ𝑠𝑥 0.010ℎ𝑠𝑥 0.010ℎ𝑠𝑥
Other masonry shear wall structures 0.007ℎ𝑠𝑥 0.007ℎ𝑠𝑥 0.007ℎ𝑠𝑥
All other structures 0.020ℎ𝑠𝑥 0.015ℎ𝑠𝑥 0.010ℎ𝑠𝑥
ℎ𝑠𝑥 is the story height below level x
Analysis and Design of Building

The building frames and slabs are analyzed and designed by ETABS. The building footings are
analyzed and designed by SAFE. The following sections summarize the calculation, analysis and
design.

Analysis and Design of Frames

The frames are 3D modeled and the boundary conditions are specified as required. The frames are
considered as “special moment resisting frame”. The loadings are specified as noted in the
loading section mentioned above.