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The document explains the types and working of an electrocardiogram (ECG), which records electrical changes during a cardiac cycle. It describes the electrocardiograph's function, the principle of detecting electric currents through electrodes, and outlines three main types of ECG: resting, exercising, and ambulatory. Additionally, it highlights the normal ECG waveforms and their significance in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases and monitoring heart activity.

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4 views

Document 1

The document explains the types and working of an electrocardiogram (ECG), which records electrical changes during a cardiac cycle. It describes the electrocardiograph's function, the principle of detecting electric currents through electrodes, and outlines three main types of ECG: resting, exercising, and ambulatory. Additionally, it highlights the normal ECG waveforms and their significance in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases and monitoring heart activity.

Uploaded by

raghavlanger663
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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types and working of ecg machine

[Document subtitle]

Presented by: ADITI B, ADITYA KRISHNAN, ADITYA KR. GUPTA

BRANCH: ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNIOCATIONS

SECTION : ECE-1(L)

DATE:22/11/2023
Types and Working of Electro
cardio gram
ECG electrocardiogram

What is electrocardiogram ?
Electrocardiogram refers to the recording of electrical changes. that occurs during a cardiac cycle.

What is electrocardiograph?

It is an instrument that picks up the electric currents produced by heart muscles during a cardiac
cycle of contraction and relaxation.

Working principle of electrocardiograph:

• It works on the principle that a contracting muscle generates a small electric current that through
electrodes. can be detected and measured

The electrodes are attached to the person's skin with the help of a special jelly. The electrodes pick
up the current and transmit them to an

amplifier, inside the electrocardiograph.

Then electrocardiograph amplifies the current and records them on a paper as a wavy line.
A sensitive lever traces the changes in current on a moving sheet of paper.

There are three main types of ECG

1) Resting ECG:

It is a standard ECG type routinely used for diagnostic purposes in hospitals.

It is performed while staying lying still in a bed.

They use 12-lead configuration, capturing heart's electrical sign

from different angles.


2) Exercising ECG:

It is the ECG obtained while performing physical activities, generally walking on a treadmill or bicycle.
peddling on stationary.

It is also called stress test as it is performed to monitor the heart and its electrical activity during
physical stress.

3) Ambulatory ECG:

It is a type of ECG that represents the continuous electric activity of 24 hours or more of a heart.

In this type, a small portable ECG machine called the Holter monitor is attached to the waist, and the
person is allowed to work normally for at least a day.

40 After the desired time, the ECG is studied from the Holter machine
Normal Ecg wave:

P wave:

A small upward wave that appears first.

It indicates contraction of the atria.

GRS-wave:

It is a second wave that begins little downward wave but continues as a large upright triangular wave

It indicates ventricular contraction. & atrial relaxation.

T-wave:

It is third and small upward deflection wave

It indicates ventricular relaxation.


Applications of Ecg:

>Diagnosing related to cardiovascular diseases.

>studying heart's electrical activity && cardiac cycle.

>Assessing heart diseases & heart attacks.

>Used to evaluate the progress after medication or cardiac surgery.

>Used to check how heart performs under stress.

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