INDIAN

CONSTITUTION
A REVELATION

Std. VIII Social Studies - Indian Constitution – A Revelation 1 of 19

 Learning
Objectives
• To understand the Making of the Constitution
of India
• To analyse the key features of the Indian
Constitution

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 STARTER ACTIVITY
VIDEO TIME
https://www.youtube.com/embed/XrKEtEzqZ7g?si=N
Hto5iBEM7zC7r2y

Vid2_CB_VIII_SSc_Indian Constitution - A Revelation

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 THE
MAKING OF
THE
INDIAN
CONSTITUTI
ON
Std. VIII Social Studies - Indian Constitution – A Revelation 4 of 19
 STAGE 1
13 DEC 1946 - 22 JAN 1947
First Session of the Constituent
Assembly
• On December 13, 1946, the Constituent Assembly
of India began framing the Constitution with
Jawaharlal Nehru as the Prime Minister.
• The Objectives Resolution declared India as an
Independent Sovereign Republic to establish a
Constitution for its future governance.
• The Assembly adopted the Resolution on January
22, 1947, and India moved towards becoming a
Sovereign Republic.

Std. VIII Social Studies - Indian Constitution – A Revelation 5 of 19

 STAGE 2
27 FEB 1947 - 30 AUG 1947
Committee Stages and Second
Session of Constituent Assembly
Debates
• After the first session of the Constituent Assembly,
several committees were established to examine
various aspects of the Constitution.
• These committees submitted their reports to the
Constituent Assembly between April and August
1947.
• The assembly discussed the recommendations and
deliberations concluded on August 30 1947.

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 STAGE 3
01 FEB 1947 - 31 OCT 1947
Draft Constitution by the
Constitutional Adviser
• In October 1947, B.N. Rau, the Constitutional
Adviser to the Constituent Assembly, submitted
a Draft Constitution to the Drafting Committee.
• The draft was prepared based on various
committee reports and discussions in the
previous stages.

Std. VIII Social Studies - Indian Constitution – A Revelation 7 of 19

 STAGE 4
27 OCT 1947 - 21 FEB 1948
First Draft Constitution
• The Drafting Committee
scrutinized the Draft Constitution
on October 27, 1947.
• After making changes, they
submitted the final draft to the
President of the Constituent
Assembly on February 21, 1948.

Std. VIII Social Studies - Indian Constitution – A Revelation 8 of 19

 FINAL STAGE
26 JAN 1950
Enactment and Adoption of
the Constitution of India
• The Drafting Committee scrutinized the
Draft Constitution on October 27, 1947.
• After making changes, they submitted
the final draft to the President of the
Constituent Assembly on February 21,
1948 and the Constitution of India
came into effect on January 26, 1950.

Std. VIII Social Studies - Indian Constitution – A Revelation 9 of 19

 KEY FEATURES OF THE
INDIAN CONSTITUTION
• Federalism
• Parliamentary Form of Government
• Separation of Powers
• Secularism
• Fundamental Rights and Fundamental
Duties

Std. VIII Social Studies - Indian Constitution – A Revelation 10 of 19

 FEDERALISM
Federalism refers to the division of power between a central authority
and its sub-units.

Why according to you, does the Indian Constitution emphasize on the

Indian Government to follow Federalism?

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 FEDERALISM
Since India is a large country with diverse geography and population,
a single government at the centre cannot do justice to its role. State
Governments are better positioned to deal with the problems and
concerns of their states.

The Constitution allows autonomy of the state in most

matters, but reserves matters of national importance with
the centre. Laws are made by the central as well as the state
governments.
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 PARLIAMENT FORM OF
• GOVERNMENT
A parliamentary form of government is essentially a representational
type of government in which individual legislative body members are
elected, and the outcomes of those elections determine who runs
the government.
• The political party that receives the most votes in the Lok Sabha
forms the government, and the leader of that party is chosen to
serve as the Prime Minister, the head of government.
• The President is the nominal executive and the
head of state. The executive is a part
of the legislature and is
consequently accountable to it.

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 SEPARATION OF POWERS
Passes, changes, and House of Representatives
Legislative Branch
repeals laws (Lok Sabha)

Carries out laws, runs

Executive Branch President
government day to day

Interprets laws,
Judicial Branch Supreme Court
settles arguments

Std. VIII Social Studies - Indian Constitution – A Revelation 14 of 19

 Can you suggest
ways in which
responsibilities are
divided within the
school to ensure
smooth and efficient
operations?

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 DISCUSSION
TIME!!!
Mr X and Mr Y are discussing religion during a lunch break at
work. Mr X, noting the widespread popularity of Hinduism
globally, asserts, "Hinduism is clearly the most important
religion since it's followed by the majority of people." Mr Y,
taking a sip of their coffee, furrows their brow in
disagreement. They respond, "I see your point, but I don't
think popularity equates to importance. There are other
factors to consider, like cultural significance, historical
impact, and philosophical depth." As they delve into a
thoughtful discussion, they explore the complexities of
religious importance beyond mere numerical majority.
• Why did Mr Y not agree with Mr X’s views?

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 SECULARIS
M
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Vid3_CB_VIII_SSc_Indian Constitution - A Revelation

• What is secularism?
• Why is this important in a country like India?
Std. VIII Social Studies - Indian Constitution – A Revelation 17 of 19
 FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND
• Fundamental Rights are DUTIESthose rights that are
essential for individuals to live with dignity in our
society. They are incorporated in the Constitution
as a safeguard against the state’s arbitration and
violations committed by other individuals.
• The constitution lays down some basic duties
that each citizen is expected to fulfill. These are
known as Fundamental Duties.
• These rights and duties are aimed to achieve the
harmonious development of the nation and its
people.

Std. VIII Social Studies - Indian Constitution – A Revelation 18 of 19

 CLOSURE ACTIVITY

Frame your own Fundamental

Rights and Duties on a plain
drawing sheet with the help
of the following points:
 Towards your classmates
 In your classroom
 Towards your school

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