MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(An Autonomous Institution under Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)

Hassan – 573202, Karnataka, India

Mini Project (22AI506)

Synopsis on
“Automatic Attendance Recorder using Facial Recognition”

Submitted by

Bhoomika L B 4MC22CI008
Pratham M jain 4MC22CI023
Rakshitha K S 4MC22CI024
Karthik M L 4MC23CI400

Under the guidance of

Mrs. Sushma M V B.E, M.Tech
Assistant Professor
Dept. of CSE (AI&ML)

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

(Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning)
2024-2025
 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition

Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Overview
In today’s fast-paced education environment, time management and accuracy are critical factors
in ensuring the smooth functioning of classrooms. Traditionally, attendance in classrooms is
marked manually, which is not only time-consuming but also prone to human errors and
manipulation, such as proxy attendance. Technologies like RFID and fingerprint recognition
have been employed to automate the process, but they require physical interaction, which may
disrupt the flow of a class. Moreover, such systems can be slow when handling large numbers
of students. Facial recognition technology offers a non-intrusive solution, providing a seamless
way to record attendance automatically without manual input. With advancements in machine
learning and deep learning, facial recognition systems have become more accurate, even in real-
time scenarios.

This report discusses the development of an Automatic Attendance Recorder using facial
recognition technology to efficiently record students' attendance in real time. The system will
use video feeds to detect and recognize students' faces, marking their attendance automatically
and allowing them to view their attendance status online. Fig 1.1 illustrates a "Smart Classroom
with Real-Time Facial Recognition for Automated Attendance," highlighting how this
technology seamlessly integrates into the classroom environment and enables accurate,
automated attendance marking.

Fig 1.1 Smart Classroom with Real-Time Facial Recognition for Automated Attendance

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition

1.2 Literature survey

Numerous studies have explored automated attendance systems using technologies like RFID,
fingerprint recognition, and facial recognition. Among these, facial recognition stands out due
to its non-invasive nature and accuracy. Systems like FaceNet, coupled with classifiers such as
SVM, provide high reliability for identifying individuals. However, existing systems often lack
integration with real-time reporting and user-friendly interfaces. Some of the existing research
are discussed below:

1. Ahmed et al. [1] introduced an intelligent attendance system utilizing convolutional neural
networks (CNN) for real-time face identification of students, addressing the inefficiencies of
manual attendance methods. Their system integrates face detection, identification, and
counting by employing the Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) algorithm for detecting
faces, a CNN for extracting facial features, and a Support Vector Machine (SVM) for
classification. Additionally, a Haar cascade classifier is used for face counting. The system
achieved a high classification accuracy of 99.75%, demonstrating its effectiveness in small-
scale settings such as lecture halls. The authors emphasize that this automated approach
significantly reduces time and effort while enhancing attendance tracking accuracy.

2. Al-Amoudi et al. [2] developed an automatic attendance system using face recognition with
deep learning algorithms to streamline attendance processes. The system comprises three main
components: the attendance tracking module, student profile management, and a training phase.
For face detection, Multi-Task Cascaded Convolutional Neural Networks (MTCNN) are
employed, while FaceNet handles face recognition. After capturing images of students during
class, the system processes attendance data and stores it in an Excel sheet, providing a practical
and accessible solution for educational institutions. Tested on 908 training images and 108
testing images, the system achieved 100% accuracy in face detection and 87.03% in face
recognition, proving both its reliability and cost-effectiveness by requiring no additional
hardware.

3. Rahman et al. [3] introduced a biometric attendance system that employs fingerprint
recognition to accurately monitor attendance. The system uses a fingerprint scanner to capture
and match individuals’ fingerprints against pre-registered templates, ensuring secure and
precise identification. To enhance transparency, a GSM feature is integrated, which sends
automated notifications to guardians, providing real-time updates on attendance. This
fingerprint-based approach significantly reduces errors associated with traditional methods like

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
sign-in sheets, offering a reliable and secure solution for attendance management. Additionally,
the system allows institutions to maintain comprehensive attendance records, facilitating
guardian engagement and addressing any attendance-related concerns.

4. Shrivastava et al. [4] developed an IoT-based attendance monitoring system using RFID
technology, Arduino ESP8266, and Adafruit.io to streamline student attendance tracking within
a designated area. The system automates attendance by employing RFID cards and a scanner
to capture student information, which is then uploaded to the Adafruit cloud, enabling real-time
access to attendance records. This approach significantly reduces the errors and inefficiencies
of traditional methods, providing an easy-to-use, efficient solution. The authors emphasize that
through the integration of IoT, educational authorities can remotely monitor student presence
and access comprehensive attendance statistics, enhancing the overall management process.

5. Akhilesh et al. [5] presented a real-time attendance management system that leverages facial
recognition to streamline attendance tracking during lectures. Utilizing deep learning
techniques, the system detects and recognizes student faces in real-time, automating the
attendance process. A frontal face detector identifies students, and the recognized faces are
recorded in an Excel sheet. The system’s training phase is conducted on Google Colab, and it
employs cosine similarity for face matching against pre-stored data. This approach provides a
hands-free and efficient solution, addressing limitations of traditional and biometric methods,
such as fingerprint or RFID systems, for use in educational and organizational settings.

Sl.No Paper name Author Year Source Summary

1 “An Intelligent M. A. Ahmed, 2022 Journal of This paper introduces

Attendance Mohanad Engineering an attendance system
System Based Dawood Science and using CNN for face
on Salman, Rawan Technology recognition and SVM
Convolutional Adel Alsharida, for classification,
Neural Z. T. Al-Qaysi, achieving 99.75%
Networks for Maytham M. accuracy. The system
Real-Time Hammod automates attendance
Student Face tracking, replacing
Identifications “ traditional manual

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
approaches with an
efficient solution.

2 “Automatic Ibrahim Al- 2022 ResearchGate This paper discusses

Attendance Amoudi, an automatic
System Using Rosdiyana attendance system
Face Samad, Nor Rul using MTCNN and
Recognition Hasma FaceNet algorithms
with Deep Abdullah, for face detection and
Learning Mahfuzah recognition. The
Algorithm” Mustafa, Dwi system automatically
Pebrianti. logs attendance in an
Excel sheet and
achieves 100% face
detection accuracy
and 87.03%
recognition accuracy.
3 “Fingerprint Md. Saidur 2023 ResearchGate This paper explores a
Based Rahman, K. M. fingerprint-based
Biometric Rumman, biometric attendance
Attendance Rubab system that utilizes
System” Ahmmed, Md. GSM technology to
Abdur Rahman, notify guardians of
Md. student attendance.
Asaduzzaman The system offers a
Sarker secure, automated
solution to attendance
tracking by using
fingerprint data.

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
4 “IoT Based Anurag 2023 ResearchGate This paper proposes
RFID Shrivastava, S. an IoT-based RFID
Attendance J. Suji Prasad, system for
Monitoring Ajay Reddy automating student
System of Yeruva, P. attendance. The
Students using Mani, Pooja system integrates
Arduino Nagpal, Abhay RFID with Arduino
ESP8266 & Chaturvedi and Adafruit.io,
Adafruit.io on allowing real-time
Defined Area” monitoring of
attendance records
via the cloud,
ensuring efficiency
and accuracy in
tracking.
5 “Real-Time Akhilesh S, 2020 IOSR This paper presents an
Attendance Gayathri Journal of automated attendance
Management Geetha Nair, Engineering system using facial
System” Krishnendhu B, (IOSRJEN) recognition. The
Jeen Raju, Riya system captures live
John images, detects faces,
and logs attendance to
an Excel sheet. It uses
deep learning for face
detection.

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition

1.3 Problem Identification

The current attendance recording systems suffer from various limitations, including:

• Time Inefficiency: Manual attendance methods waste valuable class time, especially
in large classrooms.
• Inaccuracies and Proxy Attendance: There is potential for human error and proxy
attendance in manual systems, leading to false records.
• Physical Wear and Tear: Biometric systems like fingerprint readers require contact,
which can degrade over time and pose hygiene concerns, especially post-pandemic.
• Student Disruption: Methods requiring active student participation (scanning cards or
fingerprints) can disrupt the classroom.

The need for a more automated, non-intrusive, and efficient system is evident, and facial
recognition offers the potential to overcome these issues while providing an accurate and
scalable solution.

1.4 Objectives

The Automatic Attendance Recorder is designed to leverage facial recognition technology to

streamline the attendance process in educational institutions. By automating the detection and
recording of students' attendance in real-time, the project aims to enhance efficiency, accuracy,
and ease of access to attendance data for both students and faculty:

1. Real-Time Facial Detection and Recognition:

• Implement a robust facial recognition system capable of identifying students as they

enter the classroom. This involves utilizing machine learning algorithms and computer
vision techniques to ensure accurate and timely detection.
• The system will continuously scan the classroom environment, capturing images of
students and comparing them against a pre-existing database of enrolled students.

2. Automated Attendance Marking:

• The so lution will automatically log attendance based on recognized faces, eliminating
the need for manual roll calls. This feature will save valuable instructional time and
minimize the likelihood of human error in attendance tracking.

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
• The system will update attendance records in real time, ensuring that faculty can rely on
accurate data without the hassle of administrative overhead.
3. Secure Database Storage:

• Attendance data will be securely stored in a centralized database, ensuring that records
are maintained accurately and protected against unauthorized access.
• Implement security measures such as encryption, user authentication, and access
controls to safeguard sensitive information, complying with relevant data protection
regulations.

4. User-Friendly Platform for Management and Access:

• Develop an intuitive web or mobile application interface that allows students and faculty
to easily manage and view attendance records.
• The application will enable faculty to generate reports, track attendance trends, and send
notifications to students regarding their attendance status.

1.5 Proposed Method

The Proposed Method for the Automatic Attendance Recorder includes the following
components:

1. Face Detection and Recognition:

• The system uses a live video feed to capture the faces of students present in the
classroom. We will utilize Haar cascades or more advanced deep learning models like
ResNet or MobileNet for face detection. These models offer real-time processing
capabilities, which are crucial for maintaining the flow of the class.
• For face recognition, a pre-trained FaceNet or OpenFace model will be used. These
models convert the detected face into a 128-dimensional embedding, which is then
compared to the stored embeddings in the database for identification.
2. Database Management:

• Each student’s facial data will be captured during registration and stored in a secure
database. The system will use this data to match recognized faces with the
corresponding student profiles and mark attendance.

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
• A NoSQL database such as MongoDB will be used to manage the student data
efficiently, providing fast query times and scalability.

3. Attendance Marking:

• Upon successful recognition of a student's face, the system will automatically update
their attendance status for the respective class session.

• The system will handle multiple students entering or leaving the classroom at different
times by continuously monitoring the video feed.

4. User Interface:

• A simple and intuitive web interface will be provided for students and faculty. Students
can view their attendance records, while faculty can monitor attendance statistics.

• The system will also generate reports for administrators or faculty, summarizing
attendance records over a specific time frame.

Deep Learning Model

For real-time facial recognition, the following deep learning models will be considered:

• FaceNet: A deep learning model that converts faces into 128-dimensional embeddings.
FaceNet has been widely used in facial recognition tasks for its accuracy and speed.

• MobileNetV2: A lightweight convolutional neural network optimized for mobile

devices, making it ideal for real-time recognition in classroom settings.

• YOLOv5: A real-time object detection model that can detect faces along with other
objects. YOLO can be used for multi-object recognition if attendance needs to be
integrated with other classroom tasks.

Software and Hardware

• Software: Python, OpenCV, TensorFlow/Keras, Flask (for the web interface),

MongoDB (for database management).

• Hardware: A webcam for capturing video feeds, and a server or a powerful PC for
running the deep learning models in real-time.

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
Flowchart of the Automatic Attendance Recorder using Facial Recognition

Fig 1.2 illustrates the Flowchart of the Automatic attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
and how it works.

1. Video Input: Live video feed from the classroom.

2. Face Detection: Detect faces in the video using the detection model.

3. Face Recognition: Compare detected faces with the stored embeddings in the database.

4. Attendance Marking: Update the attendance status for the recognized students.

5. Database Update: Attendance data is saved in the database.

Fig 1.2 Flowchart of the Automatic attendance recorder using Facial Recognition

1.6 Organization of the Report

For any study or report, a well-defined and structured documentation plays decisive role. It
helps in understanding subject matters with allied challenges and scopes followed by solutions.
In this reference, the overall report is organized in 4 chapters, each discussing a distinct
contribution. A snippet of the key contributions is given as fallow:

Chapter-1: Introduction

This chapter provides an overview of the project, highlighting the importance of automating
attendance systems. It includes a literature survey summarizing related works and identifying
gaps in existing solutions. The problem statement defines the issues addressed by this project,
while the methodology outlines the approach taken. Finally, this section explains the report's
structure to guide the reader through the study.

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
Chapter-2: Methodology

This chapter describes the technical implementation of the system. It begins with a block
diagram illustrating the system's architecture and workflow. The algorithm section details the
step-by-step processes used for facial recognition and attendance marking. Additionally, a
flowchart is included to visually represent the sequence of operations involved in the system,
from data input to attendance report generation.

Chapter-3: Experimental Setup and Results

This chapter discusses the experimental setup, including the tools and technologies employed,
as well as the dataset used for testing the system. The dataset is described in detail, covering
the number of samples, preprocessing techniques, and sources. Results are presented through
performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and confusion matrix analysis.
Comparisons with existing solutions highlight the advantages of the proposed system, and
visual representations such as graphs are included to support the discussion.

Chapter-4: Conclusion, Future Scope and References

This chapter concludes the study by summarizing the project’s key contributions and findings.
It highlights the effectiveness and practical applications of the system. Limitations encountered
during the study are discussed, followed by potential future enhancements, such as improving
recognition accuracy in low-light conditions, scaling the system for larger datasets, and
integrating additional features like mobile application support. It including research papers,
books, and other resources that informed the development and evaluation of the system.

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Chapter 2

Methodology
The project integrates facial recognition algorithms with real-time attendance tracking. The
methodology includes face detection using Haar Cascade, feature extraction with FaceNet, and
classification via SVM. The system securely stores student details, captures images for training,
and compares real-time images during class to mark attendance.

Fig 2.1 illustrates the Block Diagram of the Automatic attendance recorder using Facial
Recognition and how this methodology works.

1. Teacher Login for System Activation

• The system begins with a secure login interface accessible only to authorized teachers.

• The teacher logs in using unique credentials, ensuring that the attendance data remains
secure and cannot be accessed or manipulated by unauthorized personnel.

• This block establishes system readiness for subsequent operations.

2. Student Registration with Personal Details and Photo Samples

• During the registration phase, the teacher inputs each student's details, such as their
unique student number (USN), name, branch, gender, contact number, and email
address.

• Multiple photos of each student are captured from different angles to build a robust
dataset. These photos are preprocessed and stored in the system for training the facial
recognition model.

• This block ensures the creation of a comprehensive database for accurate identification.

3. Face Detection and Embedding Extraction Using Haar Cascade and FaceNet

• Face Detection:

o The Haar Cascade algorithm is used to detect faces in the input images or video
streams. It identifies the location of faces within a frame and crops the face
region for further processing.

• Embedding Extraction:

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
o The cropped face images are passed through the FaceNet model, which
generates unique 128-dimensional embeddings (numerical representations) for
each face.
o These embeddings are stored as a reference in the system database, serving as
the identity signatures of registered students.

4. Real-Time Image Capture During Class

• During the attendance session, the system activates a live camera feed to capture real-
time images of students in the classroom.

• The live images undergo preprocessing, including face detection and embedding
extraction, using the same techniques applied during registration.

• This step ensures that the system continuously monitors and processes student images
in real time.

5. Attendance Marking by Comparing Embeddings Using SVM

• The embeddings extracted from the live images are compared with the stored
embeddings in the database.

• A Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier determines whether a live face matches
any of the stored embeddings.

• If a match is found, the system marks the corresponding student as "Present." If no

match is found, the student is marked as "Absent."

• This ensures accurate and real-time attendance marking, eliminating manual errors and
proxy attempts.

6. Attendance Report Generation

• Once attendance marking is complete, the system generates detailed attendance reports.

• These reports include information such as the student’s name, USN, class name, date,
time, and attendance status (Present/Absent).

• Reports can be searched, viewed, or emailed to authorized personnel, providing a

seamless and automated way of managing attendance records.

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition

Fig 2.1 Block Diagram of Automatic Attendance recorder using facial recognition

2.1 Algorithm of Method

Step 1: Start the System

Initialize the system.

Display the login interface for the teacher.

Step 2: Teacher Login

Prompt the teacher to enter username and password.

Validate the credentials:

o If valid, proceed to the next step.

o If invalid, display an error message and request re-entry.

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
Step 3: Student Registration

Enter student details:

o Unique Student Number (USN), name, branch, gender, contact number, and
email address.

Capture multiple facial images of the student from different angles.

Preprocess each image:

o Resize and normalize the images.

Detect faces using the Haar Cascade algorithm.

Extract 128-dimensional embeddings for each detected face using the FaceNet model.

Store the embeddings and student details in the database.

Step 4: Activate Attendance Session

Teacher selects the class and activates the attendance session.

Turn on the live camera feed to capture classroom images.

Step 5: Real-Time Face Recognition

Continuously capture images from the live feed.

Detect faces in real-time using the Haar Cascade algorithm.

For each detected face:

o Extract embeddings using the FaceNet model.

o Compare the extracted embeddings with the stored database using SVM

▪ If a match is found, mark the corresponding student as Present.

▪ If no match is found, mark the student as Absent.

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
Step 6: Attendance Report Generation

At the end of the session:

o Compile the attendance data.

o Include details: student name, USN, class name, date, and attendance status
(Present/Absent).

Store the attendance report in the database.

Provide options to:

o View the report.

o Search for specific entries.

o Email the report to authorized personnel.

Step 7: End the System

End the attendance session.

Log out the teacher and securely close the system.

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2.2 Flowchart

Start

Teacher Login

Yes

No
Is Login
Successful?

Register Students

Detect Face and

Embeddings Extract

Capture Real-Time
Images During
Class

Compare
Embeddings with
Database (SVM)
Yes
Mark as Present

Does Face
Match?

Mark as Absent
No
Generate Attendance
Report

End

Fig 2.2 Flowchart Diagram of Automatic Attendance recorder using facial

recognition

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Chapter 3

Experimental Setup and Results

3.1 Experimental Setup

1. Dataset Collection

The first step in the experimental setup involves creating a comprehensive dataset to train and
test the system.

Data Collection Phase:

• During the registration phase, facial images of each student were collected from
various angles to capture diverse facial features.
• Images include variations such as:
Different lighting conditions (e.g., bright light, dim light).
Changes in pose (e.g., front-facing, slight head tilts).
Expressions (e.g., neutral, smiling).

2. Preprocessing

Before using the dataset, the images undergo preprocessing to standardize and enhance their
quality.

• Image Resizing:

o All images are resized to a fixed resolution (e.g., 224x224 pixels) to meet the
input requirements of the FaceNet model.

o This ensures uniformity and reduces computational overhead.

• Image Enhancement:

o Normalization: Pixel values are normalized to a standard scale (e.g., 0–1) for
faster convergence during embedding generation.

o Contrast Adjustment: Enhances the visual quality of images to ensure better

detection by Haar Cascade and embedding extraction by FaceNet.

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3. Technologies Used

The experimental setup relies on three core technologies:

1. Haar Cascade (Face Detection)

o A pre-trained machine learning algorithm that detects face regions in an

image.

o The algorithm scans the image using a sliding window approach and identifies
faces based on pre-defined Haar-like features (e.g., edges, lines).

o This ensures that only the relevant face regions are cropped and sent for
further processing.

2. FaceNet (facenet_keras.h5)

o A deep learning model trained to generate 128-dimensional embeddings for

each face.

o These embeddings act as unique identifiers for faces and are stored in the
database for recognition.

o FaceNet ensures high accuracy in distinguishing between similar-looking

individuals.

3. Support Vector Machine (SVM)

o A machine learning classifier used to compare embeddings.

o During attendance marking, SVM determines whether the embeddings from

real-time images match any of the stored embeddings.

4. Hardware and Software Requirements

The hardware and software used are critical for ensuring smooth processing and real-time
performance.

Hardware Setup

• Camera: A high-definition (HD) webcam or equivalent capable of capturing clear

images in real-time.

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
• Processor: Intel Core i5 or higher for efficient image processing.
• RAM: 8GB to handle the computational load during face detection and embedding
extraction.

Software Setup

• Programming Language: Python 3.8 or higher.

• Libraries and Frameworks:

TensorFlow/Keras: For implementing the FaceNet model.

OpenCV: For face detection and image preprocessing using Haar Cascade.

Scikit-learn: For training and using the SVM classifier.

5. Training and Testing

• Training Dataset

o During the registration phase, embeddings generated by FaceNet are used to

train the SVM classifier.

o The dataset consists of multiple embeddings per student to account for

variations.

• Testing Dataset

o Images captured during live attendance sessions are used to test the system’s
recognition performance.

3.2 Results and Discussion

3.2.1 Results

1. Functionality

o The system successfully detects and recognizes students’ faces in real-time

using live camera feeds.

o For each detected student, the system matches the face against the database
and records attendance automatically.

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
o The final attendance report is generated with details such as student names,
USNs, attendance status (Present/Absent), date, and time.

2. Attendance Report

Storage and Retrieval

• Storage in Database:

o The attendance report is stored in a structured format within the database.

o Each session is recorded with a unique session ID, allowing retrieval of past
attendance records.

Access for Authorized Personnel:

o The teacher or admin logs into the system and selects the desired attendance
session to view or download the report.

o Reports can be exported in formats such as PDF, Excel, or CSV for easy
sharing or printing.

Sharing Reports

• Email Integration:

o After generating the report, the system can email it to authorized personnel
(e.g., the class teacher or head of the department).

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 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
• Mobile Access:

o If integrated with a mobile application, teachers can view and share reports
directly from their devices.

Fig 3.1 Illustrate the attendance report of the system

Fig 3.1 Attendance report of the system

3.2.2 Discussion

1. Strengths of the System:

o The system eliminates the need for manual attendance, saving time and effort.

o Prevents proxy attendance through facial recognition.

o Provides real-time attendance tracking and automated report generation,

ensuring efficiency and reliability.

2. Challenges Faced:

o Lighting Conditions: Recognition might be affected under poor lighting.

o Occlusions: Faces partially covered (e.g., by masks or hands) may not be

detected.

o Similar Faces: Students with similar facial features might occasionally cause
recognition difficulties.

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3. Proposed Solutions:

o Improve lighting conditions during attendance marking.

o Use additional preprocessing techniques to handle occlusions.

o Expand the training dataset with diverse face samples to improve robustness.

4. Future Enhancements:

o Integration of additional features like sending attendance reports via email or

integrating with student management systems.

o Real-time alerts for unrecognized faces to ensure security in classrooms.

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Chapter 4

Conclusion and Future Scope

4.1 Conclusion

The project successfully demonstrates the implementation of a facial recognition-based

attendance system, offering significant advantages over traditional methods. By leveraging a
combination of Haar Cascade, FaceNet, and SVM technologies, the system efficiently detects
and recognizes faces in real time, allowing attendance to be marked without manual
intervention. This saves time and effort for teachers and students alike. Additionally, the system
eliminates the possibility of proxy attendance, ensuring that only registered students are marked
present. Automated report generation further enhances the system's utility by providing
detailed attendance records, including student names, USNs, attendance status, and
timestamps. This automation not only improves accuracy but also simplifies data management
by eliminating errors commonly associated with manual records. Overall, the system is a
scalable and robust solution for automating attendance processes in classrooms, offices, and
other environments where reliable tracking is essential.

4.2 Future Scope

The future scope of the project lies in improving the system's scalability, usability, and
robustness to handle real-world scenarios more effectively. Here are the detailed opportunities
for enhancement:

1. Integration with Mobile Applications:

o Objective: Extend the system’s accessibility and usability by developing a

mobile application for teachers and administrators.

o Benefits:

▪ Teachers can mark and review attendance directly from their

smartphones.

▪ Real-time notifications for absent students can be sent to parents.

▪ Reports can be generated, shared, or emailed directly from the app.

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2. Enhancement of Recognition in Low-Light and Diverse Environments:

o Objective: Improve the facial recognition system to perform reliably under

challenging conditions, such as low-light classrooms or partially occluded faces
(e.g., masks, glasses).

o Proposed Solutions:

▪ Implementing data augmentation techniques during training, including

simulated low-light images.

▪ Using advanced neural networks such as ResNet or YOLO for more

robust face detection.

▪ Incorporating thermal imaging for low-light environments.

3. Incorporating Additional Features:

o Facial Emotion Detection: The system can also analyze student engagement
by detecting emotions like attentiveness or boredom during classes.

o Attendance Analytics: Providing insights such as monthly attendance trends,

absentee patterns, and class participation metrics.

o Multi-Factor Authentication: Combining facial recognition with other

authentication methods, such as QR codes or RFID, for added security.

References
[1] Ahmed, M. A., Salman, M. D., & Alsharida, R. A. (2022). An intelligent attendance
system based on convolutional neural networks for real-time student face identifications.
Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 3326-3341.
[2] Al-Amoudi, I., Samad, R., Abdullah, N. R. H., Mustafa, M., & Pebrianti, D. (2022).
Automatic attendance system using face recognition with deep learning algorithm. In:
Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation (Vol. 981, pp. 44). DOI: 10.1007/978-
981-16-2406-3_44
[3] Rahman, Md. S., Rumman, K. M., Ahmmed, R., Abdur Rahman, Md., & Sarker, Md. A.
(2023). Fingerprint based biometric attendance system. European Chemical Bulletin, 12,
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Dept. of CSE (AI & ML), MCE, Hassan 26

 Automatic Attendance recorder using Facial Recognition
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Dept. of CSE (AI & ML), MCE, Hassan 27