MARKING SCHEME

PREBOARD CLASS 12 (MATHS)

SECTION-A
1 D 1

2 A 1

3 C 1

4 A 1

5 B 1

6 D 1

7 A 1

8 C 1

9 D 1

10 B 1

11 C 1

12 𝐶 1

13 A 1

14 D 1

15 D 1

16 B 1

17 A 1

18 D 1

19 A 1

20 D 1

SECTION-B
21 We know that, cos−1 (cos 𝑥) = 𝑥, if 𝑥 ∈ [0, 𝜋].

Now,

13𝜋
cos−1 (cos )
6
 𝜋 13𝜋 1
= cos −1 [cos (2𝜋 + )] , (∵ ∉ [0, 𝜋])
6 6

𝜋
= cos −1 [cos ] , (∵ cos(2𝜋 + 𝑥) = cos 𝑥)
6

𝜋 𝜋 1
= , (∵ ∈ [0, 𝜋])
6 6

OR

tan−1(√3) − sec −1 (−2)

𝜋
= − (𝜋 − sec −1 2), [∵ sec −1 (−𝑥) = 𝜋 − sec −1 𝑥] 1
3

𝜋 𝜋
= − (𝜋 − )
3 3

𝜋 2𝜋
= −
3 3
1
𝜋
=−
3

22 x = a tan 3 θ

Differentiating w.r.t. θ

𝑑𝑥
= a ×3 tan2 θ sec2 θ
𝑑𝜃
0.5
Again, y = a sec3 θ

Differentiating w.r.t. θ

𝑑𝑦
= a ×3 sec2 θ sec θ tan θ = 3 a tan θ sec3 θ
𝑑𝜃

𝑑𝑦 0.5
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝜃
= 𝑑𝑥 =3 a tan θ sec3 θ/ a ×3 tan2 θ sec2 θ
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝜃

𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃

1
= cosec θ
23 sec 2 x
∫ dx
√tan2 x + 4

Let, tan x = z
0.5

∴ sec 2 x dx = dz

dz 0.5
=∫
√z 2 + 22

= log |z + √z 2 + 22 | + c

= log |tan x + √tan2 x + 4| + c 1

OR

π π
∫ √1 − sin 2x dx, <x<
4 2

= ∫ √sin2 x + cos2 x − 2. sin x . cos x dx

= ∫ √(sin x − cos x )2 dx

π π 1
= ∫(sin x − cos x )dx, (in < x < , sin x is greater than cos x )
4 2

= −cos x − sin x + c 1

24 a⃗⃗ × ⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗ | sin θ n̂ , where n̂ is a unit vector.

b = |a⃗⃗ ||b

⇒ |a⃗⃗ × ⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗ | sin θ n̂|

b | = ||a⃗⃗ ||b

⃗⃗⃗ ||sin θ ||n̂ |

⇒ √(−3)2 + 12 + 22 = | a⃗⃗ || b

⇒ √9 + 1 + 4 = 2.7. |sin θ |. 1

⇒ √14 = 14 |sin θ |

1
√14
⇒ = |sin θ |
14

1
⇒ = |sin θ |
√14

1
⇒ |sin θ | =
√14
 1
⇒ sin θ = ±
√14

1
⇒ θ = sin−1 (± ) 1
√14

25 Let, 2P(X = 𝑥1 ) = 3P(X = 𝑥2 ) = P(X = 𝑥3 ) = 5P(X = 𝑥4 ) = 𝑘

𝑘 𝑘 𝑘
∴ P(X = 𝑥1 ) = , P(X = 𝑥2 ) = , P(X = 𝑥3 ) = 𝑘, P(X = 𝑥4 ) =
2 3 5

Now,

P(X = 𝑥1 ) + P(X = 𝑥2 ) + P(X = 𝑥3 ) + P(X = 𝑥4 ) = 1

𝑘 𝑘 k
⇒ + +𝑘+ =1
2 3 5
15𝑘 + 10𝑘 + 30𝑘 + 6𝑘
⇒ =1
30
61𝑘 1
⇒ =1
30
30
⇒𝑘=
61

X 𝑥1 𝑥2 𝑥3 𝑥4
1
P(X) 30 30 30 30
122 183 61 305

OR
S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

A = { 2, 4, 6}

B = {1, 2, 3}

A ∩ B = {2}

3 1
P(A) = =
6 2

3 1
P(B) = =
6 2

1
P(A ∩ B) =
6

1 1 1 1.5
P(A). P(B) = . =
2 2 4

∴ P(A ∩ B) ≠ P(A). P(B)

 Hence, A and B are not independent 0.5

SECTION-C
26 Here, (cos y)x = ( sin x )y

Taking log both sides we get

log (cos y)x =log ( sin x )y

Or, x log cos y = y log sin x

1
Or, y log sin x = x log cos y

Differentiating both sides w.r.t x

𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
y X 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 + log sin x 𝑑𝑥 = x X + log cos y
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑦 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
Or, y cot x + log sin x 𝑑𝑥 = - x tan y 𝑑𝑥 + log cos y 1

𝑑𝑦
Or, 𝑑𝑥 (log sin x + x tan y ) = log cos y – y cot x

𝑑𝑦 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑦 – 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝑥

1
Or, 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑦

27 Given f(x) = 3x 4 − 4x 3 − 12x 2 + 5

Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x

f ′ (x) = 12x 3 − 12x 2 − 24x1 = 12x(x 2 − x − 2) = 12x(x + 1)(x − 2)

f ′ (x) < 0 if x ∈ (−∞, −1) ∪ (0,2)

∴ f(x) is strictly decreasing in(−∞, −1) ∪ (0,2) 1

Similarly, f ′ (x) > 0 if x ∈ (−1,0) ∪ (2, ∞)

1
∴ f(x) is strictly increasing in (−1,0) ∪ (2, ∞)
 π
28 4 sin x + cos x
∫ dx
0 16 + 9sin 2x

π
4 sin x + cos x
=∫ dx
0 16 + 9[1 − (1 − sin 2x )]

π
4 sin x + cos x
=∫ dx
0 16 + 9[1 − (sin x − cos x )2 ]

π
4 sin x + cos x 1
=∫ dx
0 25 − 9(sin x − cos x )2
x 0 π
4
Let, sin x − cos x = z
0.5
z −1 0
∴ (cos x + sin x )dx = dz

0
dz
=∫ 2
−1 25 − 9z

0
dz
= −∫ 2
−1 9z − 25

0
dz
= −∫ 2 2
−1 (3z) − 5

1 3z − 5 0 1
=− [log | |]
2.5.3 3z + 5 −1

1
=− [log 1 − log 4 ]
30
0.5
1
= log 4
30

OR
a
∫ f(a − x) dx
0

Let, a − x = z

∴ dx = −dz x 0 a
0
= − ∫ f(z) dz z a 0
a

a
= ∫ f(z) dz
0
 a
= ∫ f(x) dx
0

a a
∴ ∫ f(x) dx = ∫ f(a − x) dx (proved)
0 0

1
∫ x 2 (1 − x)n dx
0
1

1 b b
= ∫ (1 − x)2 [1 − (1 − x)]n dx, (Applying ∫ f(x) dx = ∫ f(a + b − x) dx)
0 a a

1
1
= ∫ (1 − x)2 x n dx
0

1
= ∫ (1 − 2x + x 2 )x n dx
0

1
= ∫ (x n − 2x n+1 + x n+2 ) dx
0

1
x n+1 x n+2 x n+3
=[ − 2. + ]
n+1 n+2 n+3 0

1 2 1
=[ − + ]
n+1 n+2 n+3
1

29 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 … (𝑖)

𝑦 = |𝑥| … (𝑖𝑖)

Solving(i) and (ii), weget

|𝑥| = 𝑥 2

⟹ 𝑥2 = 𝑥4

⟹ 𝑥 2 (1 − 𝑥 2 ) = 0

⟹ 𝑥 = −1,0,1
1.5

The required area is ∶

1 1
= 2 [∫ 𝑦𝑙 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑦𝑝 𝑑𝑥 ]
0 0
 1 1
= 2 [∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 ]
0 0
1
1 1
= 2 [ [𝑥 2 ]10 − [𝑥 3 ]10 ]
2 3

1 1
= 2 [ (1 − 0) − (1 − 0)]
2 3

1 1
= 2[ − ]
2 3

1
= 2. 0.5
6

1
= sq. units
3

OR
𝑦 2 = 16𝑎𝑥 … (𝑖)

𝑦 = 4𝑚𝑥 … (𝑖𝑖)

Solving(i) and (ii), weget

1
(4𝑚𝑥)2 = 16𝑎𝑥

⟹ 16𝑚2 𝑥 2 − 16𝑎𝑥 = 0

⟹ 16𝑥(𝑚2 𝑥 − 𝑎) = 0 0.5

𝑎
⟹ 𝑥 = 0,
𝑚2

The required area is ∶

𝑎 𝑎
𝑚2 𝑚2
=∫ 𝑦𝑝 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑦𝑙 𝑑𝑥
0 0
0.5
𝑎 𝑎
𝑚2 𝑚2
=∫ 4√𝑎√𝑥𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 4𝑚𝑥𝑑𝑥
0 0

𝑎
2 3 𝑚2 4𝑚 2 𝑚𝑎2
= 4√𝑎. [𝑥 2 ] − [𝑥 ]0
3 0 2

8 √𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎2
= . 2 . √ 2 − 2𝑚. 4
3 𝑚 𝑚 𝑚

0.5
 8𝑎2 2𝑎2
= −
3𝑚3 𝑚3

2𝑎2
= 𝑠𝑞. 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
3𝑚3
0.5
2𝑎2 𝑎2
∴ =
3𝑚3 12

⟹ 𝑚3 = 8

⟹𝑚=2

30 𝑑𝑦
= 1 + 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 + 𝑥2𝑦2
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
⟹ = (1 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑦 2 (1 + 𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
⟹ = (1 + 𝑥 2 )(1 + 𝑦 2 )
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
⟹ = (1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 1
1 + 𝑦2

𝑑𝑦
⟹∫ 2
= ∫(1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥
1+𝑦

−1
𝑥3
⟹ tan 𝑦 =𝑥+ +𝑐
3
1
It is given that 𝑦 = 0 when 𝑥 = 1

1
∴0= 1+ +𝑐
3

4
⟹𝑐=−
3

Hence, the particular soln is ∶

−1
𝑥3 4
tan 𝑦=𝑥+ −
3 3

OR
1
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
𝑥 sin ( ) + 𝑥 − 𝑦 sin ( ) = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑦
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 sin (𝑥 ) − 𝑥
⟹ = 𝑦 … (𝑖)
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 sin (𝑥 )
 𝑦
𝑦 sin (𝑥 ) − 𝑥
Let, 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑦
𝑥 sin (𝑥 )

𝜆𝑦
𝜆𝑦 sin ( ) − 𝜆𝑥 𝑦 sin (𝑦) − 𝑥
𝜆𝑥 𝑥
∴ 𝑓(𝜆𝑥, 𝜆𝑦) = = 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)
𝜆𝑦 𝑥 sin (𝑥 )
𝜆𝑥 sin ( )
𝜆𝑥
1
Hence, 𝑓 is a homogeneous function of degree 0.
Let, 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥

Differentiating both sides w. r. t. 𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑣
=𝑣+𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Hence, eqn (i) becomes

0.5
𝑑𝑣 𝑣𝑥 sin 𝑣 − 𝑥
𝑣+𝑥 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 sin 𝑣

𝑑𝑣 𝑣𝑥 sin 𝑣 − 𝑥
⟹ 𝑣𝑥 = −𝑣
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 sin 𝑣

𝑑𝑣 𝑣𝑥 sin 𝑣 − 𝑥 − 𝑣𝑥 sin 𝑣
⟹𝑥 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 sin 𝑣

𝑑𝑣 −𝑥
⟹𝑥 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 sin 𝑣

𝑑𝑣 1
⟹𝑥 =−
𝑑𝑥 sin 𝑣

𝑑𝑥
⟹ sin 𝑣 𝑑𝑣 = −
𝑥 0.5

𝑑𝑥
⟹ ∫ sin 𝑣 𝑑𝑣 = − ∫
𝑥

⟹ − cos 𝑣 = − log|𝑥| + 𝑐

𝑦
⟹ − cos ( ) = − log|𝑥| + 𝑐
𝑥

π
It is given that 𝑦 = when 𝑥 = 1
2
0.5
π
∴ − cos = − log 1 + 𝑐
2

⟹ −0 = −0 + 𝑐
 ⟹𝑐=0

Hence, the complete soln is ∶

𝑦
− cos ( ) = − log|𝑥|
𝑥

𝑦
⟹ cos ( ) = log|𝑥| 0.5
𝑥

31
The region bounded
by the points A, B, C
and D is the feasible
region.

1.5

Corner Points 𝐌𝐚𝐱𝐢𝐦𝐢𝐳𝐞 𝐙 = 𝟑𝐱 + 𝟗𝐲

𝐴(5, 5) 60
𝐵(15, 15) 180
1
𝐶(0, 20) 180
𝐷(0, 10) 90
Maximum value of 𝑍 is 180 and which is at any point on the line segment joining 0.5
B and C.
SECTION-D
32 For Reflexive:

𝑎𝑏 = 𝑏𝑎, for all 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℕ.

1.5
∴ (𝑎, 𝑏) R (𝑎, 𝑏), for all 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℕ.

Hence, R is reflexive.

For Symmetric:
Let, 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 ∈ ℕ such that (𝑎, 𝑏) R (𝑐, 𝑑).

(𝑎, 𝑏) R (𝑐, 𝑑)

⟹ ad = bc

⟹ da = cb

⟹ cb = da

Hence, (𝑐, 𝑑) R (𝑎, 𝑏).

∴ (𝑎, 𝑏) R (𝑐, 𝑑) ⟹ (𝑐, 𝑑) R (𝑎, 𝑏), for all 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 ∈ ℕ.

1.5

Hence, R is symmetric.

For Transitive:

Let, 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑, 𝑒, 𝑓 ∈ ℕ such that (𝑎, 𝑏) R (𝑐, 𝑑) and (𝑐, 𝑑) R (𝑒, 𝑓).

(𝑎, 𝑏) R (𝑐, 𝑑) ; (𝑐, 𝑑) R (𝑒, 𝑓)

⟹ ad = bc ; cf = de

c a c e
⟹ = ; =
d b d f

a 𝑒
⟹ =
b 𝑓

⟹ af = be

Hence, (𝑎, 𝑏) R (𝑒, 𝑓).

∴ (𝑎, 𝑏) R (𝑐, 𝑑) ; (𝑐, 𝑑) R (𝑒, 𝑓) ⟹ (𝑎, 𝑏) R (𝑒, 𝑓), for all 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑, 𝑒, 𝑓 ∈ ℕ.

Hence, R is transitive. 2

Hence, R is an equivalence relation on ℕ × ℕ.

OR

For one-one:

Let, 𝑥1 , 𝑥2 ∈ ℕ (Domain) such that 𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 𝑓(𝑥2 )

⟹ 𝑥1 2 + 𝑥1 + 1 = 𝑥2 2 + 𝑥2 + 1

⟹ 𝑥1 2 − 𝑥2 2 + 𝑥1 − 𝑥2 = 0
 ⟹ (𝑥1 + 𝑥2 )(𝑥1 − 𝑥2 ) + (𝑥1 − 𝑥2 ) = 0

⟹ (𝑥1 − 𝑥2 )(𝑥1 + 𝑥2 + 1) = 0

⟹ (𝑥1 − 𝑥2 ) = 0 (∵ 𝑥1 , 𝑥2 ∈ ℕ ⟹ 𝑥1 + 𝑥2 + 1 ≠ 0)

⟹ 𝑥1 = 𝑥2
2.5
∴ 𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 𝑓(𝑥2 ) ⟹ 𝑥1 = 𝑥2 for all 𝑥1 , 𝑥2 ∈ ℕ (Domain).

Hence, 𝑓 is one-one.

For onto:

Let us take 1 from ℕ (Co − domain) such that 𝑓(𝑥) = 1

⟹ 𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 1 = 1

⟹ 𝑥2 + 𝑥 = 0

⟹ 𝑥(𝑥 + 1) = 0

⟹ 𝑥 = 0, −1

But, 0, −1 ∉ ℕ (Domain)
2.5
Hence, for 1 in co-domain, we do not get its pre image in domain.

∴ 𝑓 is not onto.

33 1 1 1
𝐴 = [0 1 3]
1 −2 1 1
|𝐴| = 1(1 + 6) − 1(0 − 3) + 1(0 − 1) = 7 + 3 − 1 = 9(≠ 0)
∴ 𝐴−1 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑠.
1 3 0 3 0 1 𝑡
| | −| | | |
−2 1 1 1 1 −2 7 3 −1 𝑡
1 1 1 1 1 1
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝐴 = − | | | | −| | = [−3 0 3]
−2 1 1 1 1 −2
1 1 1 1 1 1 2 −3 1
[ |1 3| −|
0 3
| |
0 1
| ]

7 −3 2
=[ 3 0 −3]
−1 3 1
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝐴 1 7 −3 2 2
∴ 𝐴−1 = = [3 0 −3]
|𝐴| 9
−1 3 1

𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 6, 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 7, 𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 0
 The above system of equations can be written as: 𝐴𝑋 = 𝐵,
where,
1 1 1 𝑥 6
𝐴 = [0 𝑦
1 3] , 𝑋 = [ ] , 𝐵 = [7]
1 −2 1 𝑧 0
21/9
1 7 −3 2 6
−1
1 42 − 21 + 0 1 21
∴𝑋=𝐴 𝐵= [ 3 0 −3] [7] = [ 18 + 0 + 0 ] = [18] = [18/9]
9 9 9 1
−1 3 1 0 −6 + 21 + 0 15 15/9
7
3
= 2
5
[3]
7 5
∴𝑥= , 𝑦 = 2, 𝑧 = 1
3 3
4
34
∫ [|x − 1| + |x − 2| + |x − 3|] dx
1
4 4 4
= ∫ |x − 1| dx + ∫ |x − 2| dx + ∫ |x − 3| dx
1 1 1

Now,

4
∫ |x − 1| dx
1

4
= ∫ (x − 1) dx
1

4
x2
= [ − x]
2 1

1 1
= [(8 − 4) − ( − 1)] = 4 + = 4.5 1.5
2 2

Now,

4
∫ |x − 2| dx
1

2 4
= ∫ (2 − x) dx + ∫ (x − 2) dx
1 2

2 4
x2 x2
= [2x − ] + [ − 2x]
2 1 2 2
 1
= [(4 − 2) − (2 − )] + [(8 − 8) − (2 − 4)]
2

= 2 − 1.5 + 2
1.5
= 2.5

Now,

4
∫ |x − 3| dx
1

3 4
= ∫ (3 − x) dx + ∫ (x − 3) dx
1 3

3 4
x2 x2
= [3x − ] + [ − 3x]
2 1 2 3

9 1 9
= [(9 − ) − (3 − )] + [(8 − 12) − ( − 9)]
2 2 2 1.5

= 4.5 − 2.5 − 4 + 4.5 = 2.5

4
∴ ∫ [|x − 1| + |x − 2| + |x − 3|] dx
1

= 4.5 + 2.5 + 2.5

= 9.5 0.5

35 The equation of a line joining the points B (0, – 1, 3) and C (2, – 3, – 1) is

𝑟⃗⃗ = (0𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂) + 𝜆[(2𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ − 1𝑘̂) − (0𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂)]

⇒ 𝑟⃗⃗ = (−𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ ) + 𝜆(2𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ − 4𝑘̂)

⇒ 𝑟⃗⃗ = (2𝜆)𝑖̂ + (−2𝜆 − 1)𝑗̂ + (−4𝜆 + 3)𝑘̂, 𝜆 ∈ ℝ

1
So any point on line BC is to the form (2λ, – 2λ – 1, – 4λ + 3)
Let foot of the perpendicular drawn from point A to the line BC be T(2λ, – 2λ – 1,
– 4λ + 3).
 Now, DR’s of line AT is (2λ + 1, – 2λ – 1 – 8, – 4λ + 3 – 4) or (2λ + 1, 2λ – 9, – 4λ – 1

1).
Since, AT is perpendicular to BC.
∴ 2 × (2λ + 1) + (- 2) × (- 2λ– 9) + (- 4) (- 4λ– 1) = 0
[∵ a1a2 + b1b2 + c1c2 = 0]
⇒ 4λ + 2 + 4λ + 18 + 16λ + 4 = 0
1
⇒ 24λ + 24 = 0 , λ = -1
∴ Coordinates of foot of perpendicular is
T (2 × (- 1)), – 2 × (- 1) – 1, – 4 × (- 1) + 3) or T(- 2, 1, 7)
Let P(x, y, z) be the image of a point A with respect to the line BC. So, point T is
the mid-point of AP.
∴ Coordinates of T = Coordinates of mid-point of AP
⇒ (- 2, 1, 7) = [(x−1)/2,(y+8)/2,(z+4)/2]
On equating the corresponding coordinates, we get
– 2 = (x−1)/2, 1 = (y+8)/2 and 7 = (z+4)/2
⇒ x = -3, y = – 6 and z = 10 2

SECTION-E
36 Let A, B and C be the events that calculation is done by Jayant, Sonia and Olivia
respectively.

Let D be the event that there is an error in the calculation.

50 20 30
Then, P(A) = 100, P(B) = 100, P(C) = 100 and

P(D/A) = 0.06 ,P(D/B) =0.04 ,P(D/C) =0.03

(i)The probability that Sonia processed the calculation and committed a mistake

𝑃(𝐷/𝐵) 𝑃(𝐵)
=
𝑃(𝐷/𝐴) 𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃(𝐷/𝐵) 𝑃(𝐵) + 𝑃(𝐷/𝐶) 𝑃(𝐶)

20
0.04 ×
100
= 50 20 30
0.06 × +0.04 × +0.03 ×
100 100 100

8 1
=
47

(ii)The total probability of committing a mistake in processing the calculation

= 𝑃(𝐷/𝐴) 𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃(𝐷/𝐵) 𝑃(𝐵) + 𝑃(𝐷/𝐶) 𝑃(𝐶)

 50 20 30 1
=0.06 x 100+ 0.04 x + 0.03 x 100
100

=.047

(iii) If the form selected at random has a mistake, the probability that the form is
not processed by Jayant is

=1-probability that the form has a mistake and is processed by Jayant

𝑃(𝐷/𝐴) 𝑃(𝐴)
=1−
𝑃(𝐷/𝐴) 𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃(𝐷/𝐵) 𝑃(𝐵) + 𝑃(𝐷/𝐶) 𝑃(𝐶)

50
0.06 × 100
=1−
50 20 30
0.06 × 100 + 0.04 × 100 + 0.03 × 100
2
17
=
47

1 1
37 (i) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ along 𝑖̂= |𝐴𝐵
Projection of 𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | 𝑐𝑜𝑠 60° = 5 × = 2.5
2

Projection of ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | 𝑠𝑖𝑛 60° = 5 × √3 = 2.5√3

𝐴𝐵 along 𝑗̂ = |𝐴𝐵 2

So, scalar components of ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝐴𝐵 are 2.5, 2.5√3.

5
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 (𝑖̂+√3𝑗̂) 1
(ii) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =
Unit vector along 𝐴𝐵 =2 = 2 (𝑖̂ + √3𝑗̂). 1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ |
|𝐴𝐵 25 75
√ +
4 4

5 5√3 1 5√3
(iii) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝐵 𝑂𝐴 + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 = −3𝑖̂ + (2 𝑖̂ + 2 𝑗̂) = − 2 𝑖̂ + 2 𝑗̂. 2

38 (i) C = 5000 x2 + 40000 h2 ………(1)

x2h = 250 ⇒ h = 250/x2 …………………(2)

2
From (1) and (2), C= 5000 x2 + 40000 (250/x2)2 =5000 x2 + 2500000000/x4

𝑑𝐶
(ii)(a)For C to be minimum , 𝑑𝑥 =0 ⇒10000x – 10000000000/x5=0

⇒ x = 10 OR 2

𝑑𝐶
(b) 𝑑𝑥 = 10000x – 100000 00000/x5

Which is < 0 for 0<x<10. So, the cost function C(x) is not increasing where
0<x<10