Scribd
Upload
29 views

Basic Plant Structure

The document provides detailed information on basic plant structures, including definitions and functions of parts such as axil, axillary bud, flower, stem, and root. It also discusses the tissue systems in plants—dermal, ground, and vascular—along with their components and functions. Additionally, it addresses questions related to the structure and function of vascular tissues, particularly xylem and phloem, and their roles in plant physiology.

Uploaded by

eddchristianbag0146
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
29 views

Basic Plant Structure

The document provides detailed information on basic plant structures, including definitions and functions of parts such as axil, axillary bud, flower, stem, and root. It also discusses the tissue systems in plants—dermal, ground, and vascular—along with their components and functions. Additionally, it addresses questions related to the structure and function of vascular tissues, particularly xylem and phloem, and their roles in plant physiology.

Uploaded by

eddchristianbag0146
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Name:Edd Christian Z.

Baguio Rating: ____________________


Date: ____________________

Activity No. 5
Basic Plant Structure

Use the information below to identify the basic plant structures.


. (right side top to bottom)terminal
bond, flower, flower stalk, axil, lateral shoot or branch, leaf, petiole, root, root cap | (left side top to bottom)
axillary bud, second nodes, internode, first node, stem, tap root

axil - the angle between the upper side of the stem and a leaf, branch, or petiole.
axillary bud - a bud that develops in the axil.
flower - the reproductive unit of angiosperms.
flower stalk - the structure that supports the flower.
internode - the area of the stem between any two adjacent nodes.
lateral shoot (branch) - an offshoot of the stem of a plant.
leaf - an outgrowth of a plant that grows from a node in the stem. Most leaves are flat and contain chloroplasts;
their main function is to convert energy from sunlight into chemical energy (food) through photosynthesis.
node - the part of the stem of a plant from which a leaf, branch, or aerial root grows; each plant has many
nodes. Label the two lower nodes (the first and second nodes) on the plant diagram.
petiole - a leaf stalk; it attaches the leaf to the plant.
root - a root is a plant structure that obtains food and water from the soil, stores energy, and provides support
for the plant. Most roots grow underground.
root cap - a structure at the ends (tips) of the roots. It covers and protects the apical meristem (the actively
growing region) of the root.
stem - (also called the axis) is the main support of the plant.
tap root - the main root of some plants; the tap root extends straight down under the plant.
terminal bud - a bud located at the apex (tip) of the stem. Terminal buds have special tissue, called apical
meristem, consisting of cells that can divide indefinitely.

Tissue System Component Tissues Location of Tissue Systems


and Its Functions
Dermal Tissue System Epidermis
• protection Periderm (in older stems and
• prevention of water loss roots)
Ground Tissue System Parenchyma tissue
• photosynthesis Collenchyma tissue
• food storage Sclerenchyma tissue
• regeneration
• support
• protection
Vascular Tissue System Xylem tissue
• transport of water and minerals Phloem tissue
• transport of food

1. Where is the vascular tissue system located in roots?


2. The vascular tissue in plants is arranged in long, discrete strands called vascular bundles.
These bundles include both xylem and phloem, as well as supporting and protective cells. In
stems and roots, the xylem typically lies closer to the interior of the stem with phloem towards
the exterior of the stem.

3. Why does the dermal tissue system is located outermost?

Primary dermal tissues, called epidermis, make up the outer layer of all plant organs (e.g., stems, roots,
leaves, flowers). They help deter excess water loss and invasion by insects and microorganisms.

4. What type of tissue are the veins in leaves?


Veins consist of vascular tissue, xylem, and phloem, and connect the vascular tissue of the stem to the
photosynthetic cells of the mesophyll, via the petiole.
5. How would you relate the vascular tissue system of plants to animals?
Dermal tissue covers and protects the plant. Vascular tissue transports water, minerals, and sugars to
different parts of the plant. Ground tissue serves as a site for photosynthesis, provides a supporting
matrix for the vascular tissue, and helps to store water and sugars.

(Read more about xylem and phloem)


Use the information in the table to help answer the questions below it.

Vascular Tissue Xylem Tissue Phloem Tissue


Function • Conduct water and dissolved minerals • Conduct food and other organic
• Support substances
Cell Types Unique to This Tracheids Vessel members
Tissue Compani Sieve-
on tube
cells element
s

1. What is the difference between tracheids and vessel members? Which do you think is more efficient in
conducting water, tracheids or vessel elements? Why?

Vessel is a syncyte, formed by the piling up of many cells while tracheids are not syncyte, they are
individual cells. Vessels are more efficient conduits of water than are tracheids is due in part to the facy
that water can flow relatively unimpeded from vessel element to vessel element through the
perforations in their end walls.

2. In terms of structure, what is the difference between xylem and phloem?

Xylem tissues are the tubular-shapes structure, with the absence of cross walls. This tissues are tubular-
shaped, elongated, structures with the presence of walls with thin sieve tubes. It is located in the centre
of the vascular bundle.

3. Are the companion cells helping the phloem cells? If yes, How?

Yes, companion cell A type of cell found within the phloem of flowering plants. Each companion cell is
usually closely associated with a sieve element. Its function is uncertain, though it appears to regulate
the activity of the adjacent sieve element and to take part in loading and unloading sugar into the
sieve element.

4. Vessel members are unique to which tissue

Xylem

Monocot Stems and Roots


Label the tissues that are indicated by numbers.
Most monocots undergo only primary growth.

Cross Section of a Monocot Stem


1.Epidermis 3. 5.ground tissue
Phloem tissue

2.Vascular Tissue 4.

Xylem tissue
6
Cross Section of a Monocot Root: Label the parts

7.epidermis, 8.cortex, 9.endodermis, 10.pericycle, 11. Phloem, 12. Xylem, 13.pith,

You might also like