CBSE Class 12 Maths Question Paper Solution 2016

65/1/C
QUESTION PAPER CODE 65/1/C
EXPECTED ANSWER/VALUE POINTS
SECTION A 1
1. (x + 3)2x – (–2) (–3x) = 8
2

1
x=2
2

 2 5  3 1  1 2 1 1
2.   =    +
 2 4  2 0   −1 −1 2 2


3. No. of possible matrices = 34 
 1
or 81 




2 (2a + 3b) + 1 (3a – 2b) 1



4.
2 +1 2

7
4
1
= a+ b (or enternal division may also be considered)
3 3 2

5. 2 1

x y z 1
6. + + =1
3 −4 2 2

 ˆi ˆj kˆ  1
⇒ r ⋅ (4iˆ − 3jˆ + 6k)
ˆ = 12 or r ⋅  − +  = 1


3 4 2 2
 

SECTION B
7. Equation of line through A(3, 4, 1) and B(5, 1, 6)

x −3 y − 4 z −1
= = = k(say) 1
2 −3 5
General point on the line:

1
x = 2k + 3, y = – 3k + 4, z = 5k + 1
2
line crosses xz plane i.e. y = 0 if –3k + 4 = 0

4
∴ k= 1
3

 17 23  1
Co-ordinate of required point  , 0, 
 3 3  2
Angle, which line makes with xz plane:

2 (0) + ( −3) (1) + 5(0) 3 −1  3 

sin θ = = ⇒ θ = sin   1
4 + 9 + 25 1 38  38 

65/1/C (1)
 65/1/C



8. let d1 & d 2 be the two diagonal vectors:

1 1
d1 = 4iˆ − 2ˆj − 2kˆ , d 2 = −6ˆj − 8kˆ



∴ +
2 2

d 2 = 6ˆj + 8kˆ


or

Unit vectors parallel to the diagonals are:

2 ˆ 1 ˆ 1 ˆ 1
d̂1 = i− j− k
6 6 6 2

3 4  ˆ 3ˆ 4 ˆ  1
d̂ 2 = − ˆj − kˆ  or d 2 = j + k 
5 5  5 5  2

ˆi ˆj kˆ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
d1 × d 2 = 4 −2 −2 = 4i + 32 j − 24k



1
0 −6 −8

1


Area of parallelogram = d × d 2 = 404 or 2 101 sq. units 1
2 1

9. let X = Amount he wins then x = ` 5, 4, 3, – 3 1

1 2 1
P = Probability of getting a no. >4 = , q = 1− p =
3 3 2
X: 5 4 3 –3
2 3
1 2 1 2 2 1 4 2 8
P(x) ⋅ =   ⋅ =   = 2
3 3 3 9 3 3 27 3 27

5 8 12 24
Expected amount he wins = Σ XP(X) = + + −
3 9 27 27

19 1 1
= ` or ` 2
9 9 2

OR
E1 = Event that all balls are white,

E2 = Event that 3 balls are white and 1 ball is non white 
 1
E3 = Event that 2 balls are white and 2 balls are non-white 

A = Event that 2 balls drawn without replacement are white 

1 1
P(E1) = P(E2) = P(E3) =
3 2

3 2 1 2 1 1 1
P(A/E1) = 1, P(A/E2) = ⋅ = , P(A/E3) = ⋅ = 1
4 3 2 4 3 6 2
1. 13 3
P(E1/A) = = 1
1 ⋅ 13 + 13 ⋅ 1 2 + 1 1
3⋅ 6 5

65/1/C (2)
 65/1/C
sin x cos x
10. let y = u + v, u = x , v = (sin x)

du  sin x  1
log u = sin x.log x ⇒ = x sin x ⋅ cos x.log x +  +1
dx  x  2

dv 1
log v = cos x.log (sin x) ⇒ = (sin x)cos x ⋅ {cos x ⋅ cot x − sin x ⋅ log(sin x)} +1
dx 2

dy du dv  sin x  1 1
= + = x sin x ⋅ cos x ⋅ log x +  + (sin x)
cos x
{cos x ⋅ cot x − sin x ⋅ log(sin x)} +
dx dx dx  x  2 2

OR

dy −2 sin (log x) 3 cos (log x)

= + 1
dx x x

dy 1
⇒ x = –2 sin (log x) + 3 cos (log x), differentiate w.r.t ‘x’
dx 2

d2 y dy −2cos (log x) 3 sin (log x)

⇒ x + = − 2
dx 2 dx x x

d2y dy d2y dy 1
⇒ x2 2
+x = – y ⇒ x2 2 + x +y = 0
dx dx dx dx 2

dx 1
11. = 2a cos 2t (1 + cos 2t) – 2a sin 2t⋅sin 2t 1
dt 2
dy
= –2b sin 2t (1 – cos 2t) + 2b cos 2t⋅sin 2t 1
dt

dy  2b cos 2t ⋅ sin 2t − 2b sin 2t (1 − cos 2t)  b 1

 =  = +1
dx  t = π 2a cos 2t (1 + cos 2t) − 2a sin 2t ⋅ sin 2t  t = π a 2
4 4

dy dy 3a x 2
12. y2 = ax3 + b ⇒ 2y = 3ax2 ∴ = 1
dx dx 2 y

dy  3a 4
Slope of tangent at (2, 3) =  = ⋅ = 2a 1
dx  (2, 3) 2 3

Comparing with slope of tangent y = 4x – 5, we get, 2a = 4 ∴ a = 2 1

Also (2, 3) lies on the curve ∴ 9 = 8a + b, put a = 2, we get b = – 7 1

2 x2 x2 t A B
13. Let x = t ∴ 4 2 = 2 2
= = + 1
x +x −2 (x − 1) (x + 2) (t − 1) (t + 2) t − 1 t + 2

1 2
Solving for A and B to get, A = ,B= 1
3 3

x2 1 1 2 1 1 x −1 2 x
∫ x 4 + x 2 − 2 dx = ∫ 2
3 x −1
dx + ∫ 2
3 x +2
dx = log
6 x +1
+
3
tan −1
2
+C 1+1

65/1/C (3)
 65/1/C

sin 2  − x 
π π π π
2
2
sin x 2
2 
2
cos 2 x
14. Let I = ∫ sin x + cos x dx, Also I = ∫ dx = ∫ dx 1
sin  − x  + cos  − x 
π π cos x + sin x
0 0 0
2  2 
π π
2 2
1 1 1 1
Adding to get, 2I = ∫ sin x + cos x
dx =
2 ∫ cos (x − π 4) dx 2
+1
0 0

π π
2
π ) dx = 1 log sec  x − π  + tan  x − π 
1 2
⇒ 2I = ∫ sec (x −     1
0

4
2 2  4  40

1
⇒ 2I =
2
{
log 2 + 1 − log 2 −1 }
1  1 2 +1 1
⇒I= log 2 + 1 − log 2 −1 or log
2 2  2 2 2 −1 2

OR
3/2 1/2 3/2
1
∫ | x cos πx | dx = ∫ x cos πx dx − ∫ x cos π x dx 1
2
0 0 1/2

1/2 3/2
 x sin πx cos πx   x sin πx cos πx  1
=  + 2  − +  1
 π π 0  π π2 1/2 2

1 1  3 1  5 1
= − 2 − − − = − 2 1
2π π  2π 2π  2π π

3 5
15. ∫ (3x + 1) 4 − 3x − 2x dx = −
2
4 ∫ (−4x − 3) 4 − 3x − 2x 2 dx −
4 ∫ 4 − 3x − 2x 2 dx 1

2 2
1 3 5  41   3
= − (4 − 3x − 2x 2 ) 2 −
2 4
2 ∫   −  x +  dx
 4   4
1+1

 4x + 3 41 2  
1 2 32 5  3 41 −1  4x + 3  
= − (4 − 3 − 2x ) − 2 −  x +  + ⋅ sin    + C 
2 4  8 16  4  32  41  
 
1 3 5  4x + 3 41 2  4x + 3    1
= − (4 − 3x − 2x 2 ) 2 −  4 − 3x − 2x 2 + ⋅ sin −1    + C 
2 4  8 32  41   

16. The differential equation can be re-written as:

dy x−y dy dv 1 1
= , put y = vx, =v+x +
dx x+y dx dx 2 2

dv 1− v 1+ v 1
⇒ v+x = ⇒ dv = dx 1
dx 1 + v 1 − 2v − v 2 x
integrating we get

1 2V + 2 1 1 1
⇒ ∫ 2
2 V + 2V − 1
dv = – ∫ dx = log | V 2 + 2V − 1| = − log x + log C
x 2
1
2
∴ Solution of the differential equation is:

1 y 2 2y 1
log
2
+ − 1 = log C − log x or, y2 + 2xy − x 2 = C2
2 x x 2
65/1/C (4)
 65/1/C
17. Let radius of any of the circle touching co-ordinate axes in the second
quadrant be “a” then centre is (–a, a)
∴ Equation of the family of circles is:

1
(x + a)2 + (y – a)2 = a2, a ∈R 1
2
⇒ x2 + y2 + 2ax – 2ay + a2 = 0

x + yy′ 1
Differentiate w.r.t. “x”, 2x + 2yy′ + 2a – 2ay′ = 0 ⇒ a = 1
y′ − 1 2
∴ The differential equation is:

x + yy′   x + yy′  
2 2 2
 x + yy′  
 x + y′ − 1  +  y − y′ − 1  =  y′ − 1  
      
2 2 2 
 xy′ + yy′   x + y   x + yy′   1
⇒  +  =  
 y′ − 1   y′ − 1   y′ − 1  

π
18. sin −1 x + sin −1 (1 − x) = cos −1 x ⇒ sin −1 (1 − x) = − 2sin −1 x 1
2

π −1  −1 2 −1
⇒ 1 – x = sin  − 2sin x  ⇒ 1 − x = cos (2 sin x) ⇒ 1 − x = 1 − 2 sin (sin x) 1
2 
⇒ 1 – x = 1 – 2x2 1

1
Solving we get, x = 0 or x = 1
2
OR

−1 x −1 y
From the equation: cos = α − cos
a b

x  y x  y  y
= cos  α − cos −1  ⇒ = cos α ⋅ cos  cos −1  + sin α ⋅ sin  cos −1  1+1
a  b a  b  b

x y ⋅ cos α y2 x y y2
⇒ = + sin α 1 − 2 ⇒ − cos α = sin α 1 − 2 1
a b b a b b
Squaring both sides,
2
x cos α 
2  y2  1
⇒  −y  =  sin α 1 − 2 

a b   b  2

x22xy y2 1
⇒ 2 − ⋅ cos α + 2 = sin2 α.
a ab b 2

19. let ` x be invested in first bond

and ` y be invested in second bond
then the system of equations is:

10x 12y 
+ = 2800 
100 100  5x + 6y = 140000 
 ⇒  1
12x 10y  6x + 5y = 135000 
+ = 2700
100 100 
65/1/C (5)
 65/1/C

5 6  x  140000 
let A =   ; X =  ; B =  
6 5   y 135000 
∴ A⋅X = B

1  5 −6 
|A| = – 11; A–1 =
−11  −6 5 
1

−1 x  1  5 −6  140000  10000  1 1
∴ Solution is X = A B ⇒   =     =   +
 y  −11  −6 5  135000  15000  2 2
∴ x = 10000, y = 15000, ∴ Amount invested = ` 25000 
Value: caring elders 1

SECTION C
20. Let x kg of fertilizer A be used
and y kg of fertilizer B be used
then the linear programming problem is:
Minimise cost: z = 10x + 8y 1

12x 4y 
Subject to + ≥ 12 ⇒ 3x + y ≥ 300  2
100 100

5x 5y 
+ ≥ 12 ⇒ x + y ≥ 240 
100 100 
x, y ≥ 0 



1
Correct Graph 1
2
Value of Z at corners of the unbounded region ABC:


Corner Value of Z  1
A (0, 300) ` 2400 

B(30, 210) ` 1980 (Minimum) 
C(240, 0) ` 2400 

The region of 10x + 8y < 1980 or 5x + 4y < 990 has no point in common to the
1
feasible region. Hence, minimum cost = ` 1980 at x = 30 and y = 210
2

21. Let X = Number of bad oranges out of 4 drawn = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 1

1 4 1
P = Probability of a bad orange = , q =1− p =
5 5 2
∴ Probability distribution is:

X: 0 1 2 3 4
4 3 2 2 2 4
4 4 256 4 1 4 4 1 4 4 1 4 4 1 1
P(X): C0   = C1   C2     C3     C4   2
5 625 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2

256 96 16 1
= = = =
625 625 625 625

65/1/C (6)
 65/1/C
256 256 96 16 1 4
Mean (µ) = ΣX.P(X) = 0 × + 1× + 2× + 3× + 4× = 1
625 625 625 625 625 5
Variance (σ2) = Σx2.P(x) – [Σx.P(x)]2
2
256 1 × 256 4 × 96 9 × 16 16  4  16
= 0× + + + + −  = 1
625 625 625 625 625  5  25

22. Line through ‘P’ and perpendicular to plane is:

r = (2iˆ + 3jˆ + 4k)

ˆ + λ (2iˆ + ˆj + 3k)
ˆ 1

General point on line is: r = (2 + 2λ )iˆ + (3 + λ )ˆj + (4 + 3λ )kˆ

For some λ ∈ R, r is the foot of perpendicular, say Q, from P to the plane, since it lies on plane

∴ [(2 + 2λ )iˆ + (3 + λ )ˆj + (4 + 3λ )k]

ˆ ⋅ (2iˆ + ˆj + 3k)
ˆ − 26 = 0

1 1
⇒ 4 + 4λ + 3 + λ + 12 + 9λ − 26 = 0 ⇒ λ = 1
2 2

 7 11 
∴ Foot of perpendicular is Q  3iˆ + ˆj + kˆ  1
 2 2 

let P′(aiˆ + bjˆ + ck)

ˆ be the image of P in the plane then Q is mid point of PP′

a +2ˆ b+3ˆ c+4 ˆ   7 11 

∴ Q i+ j+ k  = Q  3iˆ + ˆj + kˆ  1
 2 2 2   2 2 

a+2 b + 3 7 c + 4 11
⇒ = 3, = , = ⇒ a = 4, b = 4, c = 7 ∴ P′(4iˆ + 4ˆj + 7k)
ˆ 1
2 2 2 2 2

2 2
 7   11 
2 7 1
Perpendicular distance of P from plane = PQ = (2 − 3) +  3 −  +  4 −  =
 2  2 2 2

23. Commutative: For any elements a, b ∈ A

1
a * b = a + b + ab = b + a + ba = b * a. Hence * is commutative 1
2
Associative: For any three elements a, b, c, ∈ A
a * (b * c) = a * (b + c + bc) = a + b + c + bc + ab + ac + abc
1
(a * b) * c = (a + b + ab) * c = a + b + ab + c + ac + bc + abc 1
2
∴ a * (b * c) = (a * b) * c, Hence * is Associative.
Identity element: let e ∈ A be the identity element them a * e = e * a = a
⇒ a + e + ae = e + a + ea = a ⇒ e (1 + a) = 0, as a ≠ – 1

1
e = 0 is the identity element 1
2
Invertible: let a, b ∈ A so that ‘b’ is inverse of a
∴a*b=b*a=e
⇒ a + b + ab = b + a + ba = 0

−a 1
As a ≠ –1, b = ∈ A. Hence every element of A is invertible 1
1+ a 2

65/1/C (7)
 65/1/C
24. Correct Figure 1
Let ∆ABC be isosceles with inscribed circle of radius ‘r’
touching sides AB, AC and BC at E, F and D respectively.
let AE = AF = x, BE = BD = y, CF = CD = y then
area (∆ABC) = ar(∆AOB) + ar(∆AOC) + ar(∆BOC)

2r 2 y
1
2
2
⇒ .2y r + r + x(2
) 1
= {
2
2yr + 2(x + y)r} ⇒ x =
y2 − r 2
1

Then,

4r 2 y
P(Perimeter of ∆ABC) = 2x + 4y = + 4y 1
y2 − r 2

dP −4r 2 (r 2 + y 2 ) dP 1
= + 4 and = 0 ⇒ y = 3r 1+
dy 2
(y − r ) 2 2 dy 2

d2P  4r 2 y(2y2 + 6r 2 ) 6 3 1
 = = >0
dy 2  y = 3r
2
(y − r ) 2 3 r 2

∴ Perimeter is least iff y = 3r and least perimeter is

4r 2 y 4r 2 3r
P = 4y + = 4 3r + = 6 3r 1
y2 − r 2 2r 2

OR

let ABC be the right triangle with ∠B = 90°

∠ACB = θ, AC = y, BC = x, x + y = k (constant)

1 1 1
A (Area of triange) = . BC. AB = . x y 2 − x 2 1
2 2 2

1 2 2 1 1
let z = A2 = x (y − x 2 ) = x 2 {(k − x) 2 − x 2 } = (x 2 k 2 − 2kx 3 ) 1
4 4 4

dz 1 2 2 dz k 2k
= (2xk − 6kx ) and =0⇒ x = ,y=k – x = 1+1
dx 4 dx 3 3

d2z  1 2  k2 1
(2k − 12 kx) = − <0
2  k
=
dx  x = k 4 x= 2 2
3
3

k
∴ z and area of ∆ABC is max at x =
3

x k 3 1 π
and, cos θ = = . = ⇒θ= 1
y 3 2k 2 3

65/1/C (8)
 65/1/C
25. Point of intersection of y2 = 4x and x2 = 4y are (0, 0) and (4, 4);

1
Correct Graph 1
2

 4
x2 
are (OAQBO) = ∫  2 x −  dx 1
0
 4 

4
 4 3 x 3 
=  x 2 −

 3 12  0

32 16 16 1
= − =
3 3 3 2
4
1 3
4
x2 16 1
area (OPQAO) = ∫ dx = x  = 1
4 12  3 2
0 0

4
1 3
4
y2 16 1
area (OBQRO) = ∫ dy = y  = 1
0
4 12  3 2
0

Hence the areas of the three regions are equal.

26. 1 1 1
1 + cos A 1 + cos B 1 + cos C =0
cos 2 A + cos A cos 2 B + cos B cos 2 C + cos C
Apply C2 → C2 – C1, C3 → C3 – C1

1 0 0
⇔ 1 + cos A cos B − cos A cos C − cos A =0 3
cos 2 A + cos A (cos B − cos A) (cos B + cos A + 1) (cos C − cos A) (cos C + cos A + 1)

Taking (cos B – cos A), (cos C – cos A) common from C2 & C3

1 0 0
⇔ (cos B – cos A) (cos C – cos A) 1 + cos A 1 1 =0 1
cos 2 A + cos A cos B + cos A + 1 cos C + cos A + 1

Expand along R1
⇔ (cos B – cos A) (cos C – cos A) (cos C – cos B) = 0 1

⇔ cos A = cos B ⇔A=B ⇔ ∆ABC is an isosceles triangle 1

or or
cos B = cos C B=C
or or
cos C = cos A C=A

65/1/C (9)
 65/1/C
OR
let the cost of one pen of veriety ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ be ` x. ` y and ` z respectively then the
system of equations is:

x + y + z = 21
 1
4x + 3y + 2z = 60  1
2
6x + 2y + 3z = 70 

Matrix form of the system is:

1 1 1  x   21
      1
A⋅X = B, where A =  4 3 2  ; X =  y  ; B = 60 
2
 6 2 3   z  70 

|A| = (5) –1 (0) + 1 (–10) = – 5 1

co-factors of the matrix A are:

C11 = 5; C21 = − 1; C31 = − 1 2


C12 = 0; C22 = − 3 C32 = 2 
C13 = − 10; C23 = 4; C33 = − 1

 5 −1 −1
1 
0 −3 2 
–1 1 1
∴ A = Adj A =
|A| −5  2
 −10 4 −1

Solution of the matrix equation is X = A–1 B

x   5 −1 −1  21 5

 y 1     1
⇒   = −  0 −3 2  60  = 8 ∴ x = 5, y = 8, z = 8
5 2
 z   −10 4 −1 70  8

65/1/C (10)