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Lec 9 - Moment Area Theorems

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20 views22 pages

Lec 9 - Moment Area Theorems

Uploaded by

zubair
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CE 206

Structural Analysis-I

Moment Area Theorems

Lecture 9

Fall 2024

Maj Muhammad Adnan Hanif


Civil Engineering Wing
MCE, Risalpur
Email: [email protected]
Disclaimer!

The students are strictly advised to follow


the book for preparation. These slides are
just for help and do not cover the entire
scope of the contents.
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Moment-Area Theorems
• The initial ideas for the two moment-area theorems were
developed by Otto Mohr and later stated formally by Charles E.
Greene in 1873.
• These theorems provide a semigraphical technique for
determining the slope of the elastic curve and its deflection due to
bending.
•Particularly advantageous to solve problems involving beams,
subjected to a series of concentrated loadings or having segments
with different moments of inertia.
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Theorem 1
• The change in slope between any two points on the elastic curve
equal to the area of the bending moment diagram between these
two points, divided by the product EI.
• If we draw the moment diagram for the beam and then divide it by
the flexural rigidity, EI, the “M/EI diagram” shown results.

• The change in the slope of the tangents on either side of the


element dx is equal to the lighter-shaded area under the M/EI
diagram.
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Theorem 1
• Integrating from point A on the elastic curve to point B, we get

• The notation is the angle of the tangent at B measured with


respect to the tangent at A.
• The angle is measured counterclockwise from tangent A to tangent
B if the area of the M/EI diagram is positive, if this area is negative,
or below the x axis, the angle is measured clockwise from tangent A
to tangent B.
• is measured in radians.
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Theorem 2
• The vertical distance of point A on a elastic curve from the tangent
drawn to the curve at B is equal to the moment of the area under the
M/EI diagram between two points (A and B) about point A .
• The second moment-area theorem is based on the relative
deviation of tangents to the elastic curve.

• An exaggerated view of the vertical deviation dt of the tangents on


each side of the differential element dx are shown.
• Since the slope of the elastic curve and its deflection are assumed
to be very small, it is satisfactory to approximate the length of each
tangent line by x and the arc by dt.
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Theorem 2
• Using the circular-arc formula, we can write:

• Using

• Vertical deviation of the tangent at A with respect to the tangent at


B can be found by integration,

• Here is the distance from the vertical axis through A to the


centroid of the area between A and B
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Theorem 2
• If the moment of a positive M/EI area from A to B is computed, it
indicates that the tangent at point A is above the tangent to the
curve extended from point B. Similarly, negative M/EI areas indicate
that the tangent at A is below the tangent extended from B.

•Note that in general t A|B is not equal to t B|A as shown in figure


below

• Moment-area theorems can only be used to determine the angles


or deviations between two tangents on the beam’s elastic curve.

• In general, they do not give a direct solution for the slope or


displacement at a point on the beam.
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Example 1
• Determine the slope at points B and C of the beam shown, using moment-
area theorems
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Example 1
M/EI Diagram: It is easier to solve the problem in terms of EI and substitute
the numerical data as a last step.

• Elastic Curve: By the construction, the angle between tan A and tan B,
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Example 1
• Moment-Area Theorems

Applying Moment-Area Theorem 1,

Substituting numerical data for E and I, and converting feet to inches,

The negative sign indicates that the angle is measured clockwise from A.
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Example 1
• Moment-Area Theorems

In a similar manner, the area under the M/EI diagram between points A
and C equals,

Substituting numerical data for E and I, and converting feet to inches,


Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Example 2
• Determine the deflection at C of the beam shown, using moment-
area theorems
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Example 2
M/EI Diagram: It is easier to solve the problem in terms of EI and substitute
the numerical data as a last step.

• Elastic Curve: By the construction,


Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Example 2
• Moment-Area Theorems

Applying Moment-Area Theorem 2,

Similarly,

Substituting the results in equation.


Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Example 2
• Moment-Area Theorems

Working in units of kips and inches,


Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Example 3
Determine the slope at the roller B of the double overhang beam
shown
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Example 3
Determine the slope at the roller B of the double overhang beam
shown

𝛉𝐁 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟒𝟏
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Example 4
• Determine the deflection at C of the beam shown, using moment-
area theorems
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Example 4
M/EI Diagram: It is easier to solve the problem in terms of EI and substitute
the numerical data as a last step.

• Elastic Curve: By construction,


Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Example 4
• Moment-Area Theorems

Applying Moment-Area Theorem 2, Using the table on the inside back


cover for the parabolic segment and considering the moment of the M/EI
diagram between A and C about point C,
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures
Example 4
• Moment-Area Theorems

The moment of the M/EI diagram between A and B about point B gives,

Substituting the results in equation.

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