½

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY – YEAR WISE SUBJECT CONTENT

First Year BPT Second Year BPT Third Year BPT Fourth Year BPT
EXAM PAPERS
Paper I: Paper I: Paper I: Physiotherapy
Paper I:
Pathology & General Medicine & in Neurological
Human Anatomy Conditions
Microbiology Pediatrics
Paper II:
Paper II: Paper II: Biochemistry Physiotherapy in
Paper II: Surgery
Human Physiology & Pharmacology Musculoskeletal
Conditions
Paper III: Paper III:
Paper III: Physiotherapy in
Exercise Therapy – I Paper III: Orthopedics
Exercise Therapy – II & Cardio respiratory and
& Basic & Traumatology Medical
Exercise Physiology
Biomechanics Surgical Conditions
Paper IV: Paper IV: Community
Paper IV:
Paper IV: Physiotherapy
Psychology & Neurology, Obstetrics
Electrotherapy Rehabilitation and
Sociology & Gynecology assistive technologies

Paper V:
Paper V: Biomedical Paper V: Kinesiology & Paper V: Ethics and
Physical & Functional
Physics Biomechanics Management
Diagnosis

Paper VI: Research

Paper VI: English -------------- Methodology & ----------------
Biostatistics

NON-EXAM PAPERS

A: Orientation to A: ENT & Dermatology A: Basics in Radiology

-------------------
Physiotherapy conditions & diagnostic procedures

B: First Aid & CPR B: Basic Nursing B: Psychiatry ---------------

1
 A. REGULATIONS GOVERNING BPT DEGREE COURSE:
1. These ordinances shall be called “The Ordinances, Syllabus and Scheme of Examination
pertaining to the Bachelor of Physiotherapy course, BPT.” The Bachelor of
Physiotherapy program shall be under the Faculty of Medicine.
2. The name of the Degree program shall be Bachelor of Physiotherapy [BPT].
3. This revised syllabus will be applicable from academic year 2019- 20.
B. AIMS & OBJECTIVES OF BPT DEGREE COURSE:
1. AIM OF THE COURSE
The aim of the course in “Bachelor of Physiotherapy” is to qualify students who complete
it satisfactorily to work independently as Physiotherapists, including working in
interdisciplinary teams. The course must train students to plan, execute, evaluate and
document physiotherapeutic work within the areas of promotion of good health, prevention
of illness, treatment, habilitation, rehabilitation, and development of the profession, so that
students acquire professional competence in the field of physiotherapy.
On the Bachelor of Physiotherapy course, acquiring professional competence means that
the student must be able to:
I. Contribute to developing, supporting, maintaining and restoring people’s optimal movement
and functional abilities, with the aim of promoting good health and quality of life to prevent
restrictions and loss of functionality in individuals.
II. Direct physiotherapeutic intervention aim is to focus on individuals and groups of all ages
in interaction with their environment, leisure activities, work and taking into account
ergonomic factors.
III. Work in cooperation with patients and their relatives, colleagues, and professionals from other
disciplines, irrespective of their cultural and linguistic backgrounds.
IV. Initiate and participate in professionally-related research and development work.
V. Take further courses in theory and clinical practice after completing the basic education,
including diploma, master’s degree and special postgraduate degree courses.
Satisfactory completion of the course gives the right to use the title Bachelor of
Physiotherapy (BPT).
2. OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE
This course shall allow the students:
I. To acquire adequate knowledge of basic medical subjects and to develop skills and
techniques of therapeutic exercises and therapeutic modalities so that they can manage

2
 various medical surgical conditions of patients.
II. To acquire knowledge so that they can point out by assessing the medical and surgical
conditions of the patient.
III. To acquire skills in management, research and teaching as well as guidance and
counseling of patients.
IV. To acquire proper attitude for compassion and concerns for patients and welfare of
physically handicapped in the community.
V. To practice moral and ethical values with regard to physiotherapy.
3. ELIGIBILITY
3.1 Qualifying Examination:
As prescribed by the Admission Committee of Education department of Govt. of Gujarat
from time to time.
3.2 Age:
A candidate seeking admission to Bachelor of Physiotherapy course should have completed
17 years of age, as on 31st December of the year of admission.
3.3 Medical Fitness Certificate:
Every candidate before admission to the course shall furnish to Principal of the Institution a
certificate of Medical Fitness from an authorized Medical Officer to the effect, that the
candidate is physically fit to undergo Physiotherapy course.
4. DURATION OF THE COURSE
The duration of the BPT course shall be four and half years including internship of six
months.
5. MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION
English shall be the medium of instruction for all the subjects of study and for the
examinations of the BPT Course.
6. ATTENDANCE
A candidate is required to attend at least 80% of the total classes conducted in a year in all
subjects prescribed for that year, separately, in theory and practical / clinical to become
eligible to appear for the university examination in the first attempt. Principals should notify
at their college, the attendance details at the end of each academic year without fail, under
intimation to the University.
No relaxation, whatsoever, will be permissible to this rule under any ground including
indisposition etc. Condone of shortage of attendance rests with the discretion of Vice-
3
 Chancellor.
Filling of University examination form: Candidates desirous of appearing for university
examination must forward their applications in the prescribed form to the registrar through
the Principal of the Institutions on or before the date prescribed for the purpose.
7. INTERNAL ASSESSMENT
There should be a minimum of two (2) internal examinations during I, II, III and IV years.
Distribution of 20 marks in internals is as follows:
a. Internal examination marks (Theory and Practical separately) – 10 marks
b. Attendance: 5 marks (3 marks for 80% to 90% and 5 marks for > 90%)
c. Seminar presentations, workshops and conferences attended, journal submission and
discipline: 5 marks
The calculated internal marks must be sent to the University twenty days before the
University examination as per notification. Proper record which forms the basis of the
Internal Assessment should be maintained for all students and should be available for
scrutiny. The marks of periodical tests should be displayed on the student notice board by
Principals.
A Candidate must obtain a 35% mark in theory and practical separately in internal
assessment to be eligible to write the university examination. Any student who fails in
paper(s) of an academic year may re-appear for Internal Assessment Examination of
the failed paper(s) again to improve the internal assessment marks. The fresh marks
will be submitted to the university.

4
8. DETAILED COURSE CONTENT
FIRST YEAR BPT
Total No. of
Paper
Subject Code Subject title Allotted Hours Hours of Hours/
No.
study Week
Theory Practical
*
I PT0101 Human Anatomy 150 100 250 7-8
II PT0102 Human Physiology* 150 50 200 6-7
Exercise Therapy – I & Basic
III PT0103 100 100 200 6-7
Biomechanics
IV PT0104 Psychology & Sociology 40+40 *** 80 2-3
V PT0105 Biomedical Physics 80 *** 80 2-3
VI PT0106 English 40 *** 40 1-2
Non-Exam Papers
A. PTs0107 Orientation to Physiotherapy 30 *** 30 1-2
B. PTs0108 First Aid & CPR 40 *** 40 1-2
Clinical Observation Posting 140 140 2-3
Extra-curricular Activities
[Conference, Tours, Seminar,
100 100 2-3
Workshops, Sports and Cultural
Activities]
Total Hours in FYBPT 1160
*
These medical subjects should be taken by respective medical faculty
SECOND YEAR BPT
Total No. of
Paper Subject
Subject title Allotted Hours Hours of Hours /
No. Code
study Week
Theory Practical
I PT0201 Pathology & Microbiology* 40+40 *** 80 2-3
*
II PT0202 Biochemistry & Pharmacology 40+40 *** 80 2-3
Exercise Therapy – II &
III PT0203 100 150 250 7-8
Exercise Physiology
IV PT0204 Electrotherapy 150 200 350 7-8
V PT0205 Kinesiology & Biomechanics 150 *** 150 6-7
Non-Exam Papers
A. PTs0207 ENT & Dermatology conditions 30 *** 30 1-2
B. PTs0208 Basic Nursing 30 *** 30 1-2
Supervised Clinical Observation 140 140 2-3
Extra-curricular Activities
[Conference, Tours, Seminar,
100 100 2-3
Workshops, Sports and Cultural
Activities]
Total Hours in SYBPT 1210
*
These medical subjects should be taken by respective medical faculty
5
 THIRD YEAR BPT
Total No. of
Paper Subject
Subject title Allotted Hours Hours of Hours /
No. Code
study Week
Theory Practical
General Medicine &
I PT0301 50+30 *** 80 2-3
Pediatrics*
II PT0302 Surgery* 80 *** 80 2-3
*
III PT0303 Orthopedics & Traumatology 80 *** 80 2-3
Neurology, Obstetrics &
IV PT0304 50+30 *** 80 2-3
Gynecology*
Physical & Functional
V PT0305 100 100 200 6-7
Diagnosis
Research Methodology &
VI PT0306 40+40 *** 80 2-3
Biostatistics
Non-Exam Papers
Basics in Radiology &
A. PTs0307 20 *** 20 1-2
diagnostic procedures
B. PTs0308 Psychiatry 20 *** 20 1-2
Supervised Clinical Training 450 7-9
450
Extra-curricular Activities
[Conference, Tours, Seminar,
3-4
Workshops, Sports and Cultural 100 100
Activities]
Total Hours in TYBPT 1190
*
These medical subjects should be taken by respective medical faculty
FOURTH YEAR BPT
Total No. of
Paper Subject
Subject title Allotted Hours Hours of Hours /
No. Code
study Week
Theory Practical
Physiotherapy in Neurological
I PT0401 120 20 140 4-5
Conditions
Physiotherapy in Musculoskeletal
II PT0402 120 20 140 4-5
Conditions
Physiotherapy in Cardio
III PT0403 respiratory and Medical Surgical 100 20 120 3-4
Conditions
Community Physiotherapy
IV PT0404 Rehabilitation and assistive 60+30 20 110 2-3
technologies
V PT0405 Ethics and Management 20+20 - 40 1-2

Supervised Clinical Training 960 960 24

Total Hours in Fourth year BPT 1510

*
These medical subjects should be taken by respective medical faculty

6
 INTERNSHIP & RESEARCH PROJECT

Sr. No Description Course Hours / Week Total (Approx.)

1. Internship 46-48 1100
2. Research 6-7 180
Total 1280

9. SCHEDULE OF EXAMINATION
Colleges will be conducting one internal examination and one preliminary examination and
the internally assessed and calculated marks (as specified in clause 7) to be sent to the
university at least 15 days before the commencement of the final university examinations in
the format prescribed by the University.

The final university examinations will be held at the end of the respective years of study.
The dates of examinations will be notified by the university from time to time.

10. CRITERIA FOR PASSING

10.1 Regular University Examination
Students are declared to have passed University examination in a subject, if they
secure 50% of the marks in theory and 50% in practical separately. For computation
of 50% marks in theory and practical, the marks scored in the internal assessment
(theory and practical) shall be added to the University conducted written and
practical examination. It is not compulsory to pass in section – I and section – II
separately.
10.2 Promotion Criteria / Carry over system
I. It is not mandatory to pass in 1st year BPT Examination to proceed to 2nd
year BPT class. However, it is mandatory to pass in all subjects of 1st year
BPT examination to be conducted in the month of February, to be eligible
to appear for regular 2nd year BPT University examination.
II. It is not mandatory to pass in 2nd year BPT Examination to proceed to 3rd
year BPT class. (Students can be allowed to attend classes in 3rd BPT only
if he/she has passed 1st BPT University exam.) However, it is mandatory to
pass in all subjects of 2nd year BPT examination to be conducted in the
month of February, to be eligible to appear for 3rd year BPT University
examination.
III. It is not mandatory to pass in 3rd year BPT Examination to proceed to 4th
year BPT class. (Students can be allowed to attend classes in 4th BPT only
if he/she has passed 2nd BPT University exam.) However, it is mandatory
to pass in all subjects of 3rd year BPT examination to be eligible to appear
for 4th year BPT University examination.
IV. A candidate cannot be declared to have passed the examination until he/she
has passed in all the subjects in that examination.

7
 11. SCHEME OF EXAMINATIONS
FIRST YEAR BPT
Mark Distribution
Paper Subject Duration of
Subject title Total
No. Code theory exam Theory Practical
Marks

External Internal External Internal

Human
I PT0101 3 Hours 80 20 80 20 200
Anatomy
Human
II PT0102 3 Hours 80 20 80 20 200
Physiology
Exercise
Therapy – I &
III PT0103 3 Hours 80 20 80 20 200
Basic
Biomechanics
Psychology & 80
IV PT0104 3 Hours 20 **** **** 100
Sociology (40+40)
Biomedical
V PT0105 3 Hours 80 20 **** **** 100
Physics
VI PT0106 English 2 Hours 40 10 **** **** 50

SECOND YEAR BPT

Duration
Paper Subject Mark Distribution Max.
Subject title of theory
No. Code Marks
exam
Theory Practical
External Internal External Internal
Pathology & 80
I PT0201 3 Hours 20 **** **** 100
Microbiology (40+40)
Biochemistry & 80
II PT0202 3 Hours 20 **** **** 100
Pharmacology (40+40)
Exercise
Therapy – II &
III PT0203 3 Hours 80 20 80 20 200
Exercise
Physiology
IV PT0204 Electrotherapy 3 Hours 80 20 80 20 200
Kinesiology &
V PT0205 3 Hours 80 20 **** **** 100
Biomechanics

8
 THIRD YEAR BPT
Duration
Paper Subject of Mark Distribution Max.
Subject title
No. Code theory Marks
exam Theory Practical
External Internal External Internal
General Medicine 80
I PT0301 3 Hours 20 **** **** 100
& Pediatrics (50+30)
II PT0302 Surgery 3 Hours 80 20 **** **** 100
Orthopedics &
III PT0303 3 Hours 80 20 **** **** 100
Traumatology
Neurology,
80
IV PT0304 Obstetrics & 3 Hours 20 **** **** 100
(50+30)
Gynecology
Physical &
V PT0305 Functional 3 Hours 80 20 80 20 200
Diagnosis
Research
80
VI PT0306 Methodology & 3 Hours 20 **** **** 100
Biostatistics (40+40)

FOURTH YEAR BPT

Duration
Paper Subject Mark Distribution Max.
Subject title of theory
No. Code Marks
exam
Theory Practical
External Internal External Internal
Physiotherapy in
I PT0401 Neurological 3 Hours 80 20 80 20 200
Conditions
Physiotherapy in
II PT0402 Musculoskeletal 3 Hours 80 20 80 20 200
Conditions
Physiotherapy in
Cardio
80 20
III PT0403 respiratory and 3 Hours 80 20 200
(55+25) (15+5)
Medical Surgical
Conditions
Community
Physiotherapy
80 20
IV PT0404 Rehabilitation 3 Hours 80 20 200
(55+25) (15+5)
and assistive
technologies
Ethics and
V PT0405 2 Hours 40 10 **** **** 50
Management
9
12. EXAMINERS

There shall be two (2) examiners for practical subjects; external examiner from outside the
university and internal examiner from the same university.

a. It is mandatory for the staffs involved in examination duty (Paper setting, paper
evaluation and practical) in Physiotherapy subjects, to have a Master degree in
Physiotherapy with a designation of Assistant Professor and above from an UGC
recognized institution/University.

b. All examiners should compulsorily fulfill the norms and standards as specified by UGC
Regulations on Minimum Qualification for Appointment of Teachers and other academic
staff in Universities and Colleges and other measures for the maintenance of standards
in Higher Education, July 2018

Note: Number of students examined per day per examiner should not exceed 50. In case of
increase in number of students, more pair of internal and external examiners should be
included to conduct practical and to evaluate theory papers.

13. GRACE MARKS

If a student fails in a subject (theory or practical) in the annual University examination, a

total of 10 grace marks will be given to the student by the University before the declaration
of result irrespective of the number of heads under which the student has failed.

14. DECLARATION OF CLASS

First Class with Distinction – 75% and above marks in any subject in first attempt

First Class – 60% - 74% marks in aggregate in first attempt

Second Class – 50% - 59% marks in aggregate in first attempt

Pass class – passed in more than 1 attempt irrespective of the % of marks secured

15. EXEMPTION FROM RE-EXAMINATION

Candidates who have failed in the examination, but obtained pass marks in any subjects shall
be exempted from re-examination in those subjects. Candidates who have failed in theory
&/or practical in any subject, will have to appear in theory & practical both again for that
particular subject.

10
16. INTERNSHIP PROGRAM

a. There shall be six months of Internship after the final year examination for students,
declared to have passed the examination in all the subjects.

b. During the internship students shall have to work full time, average 7 hours per day, for
6 Calendar months.

c. The Internship should be rotatory and cover clinical branches concerned with
Physiotherapy such as Neurology, Neurosurgery, Orthopaedics, Cardiothoracic
including ICU, Sports, Paediatrics, General Medicine, General Surgery, Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, both inpatient and outpatient services.

d. Internship completion certificates will be issued only after submission of the research
project.

e. An internee shall be entitled for maximum 6 days leave during six months period of
internship posting. An internee will not be permitted to avail more than 2 days leave in
any department. Period of leave in excess of 2 days in a department will have to be
extended in the same department. Under any circumstances this period will not be
condoned by any authority. However, if any student wants to attend any
state/national/international conference, workshop or seminar, then maximally 3 days
study leave can be granted to the students with production of the proper documents or
certificate. It should not be more than 3 days in any conditions.

f. If any students discontinue the compulsory rotatory internship more than 50% of
internship duration, official permission under the preview of the Vice Chancellor of
University is mandatory.

g. In case of any exigencies during which the students remain absent for a period more than
6 days, he/she will have to work for the extra days during which the students have
remained absent.

h. Based on the attendance and work done during posting the Head of
institution/department shall issue ‘Certificate of Satisfactory completion’ of training
following which the University shall award the Bachelor of Physiotherapy Degree or
declare the students eligible for the same.

No student shall be awarded degree without successfully completing six-month

internship.

Head of the institution (of colleges not having their own hospital) can at his/her discretion
grant NOC to the students to do the Internship at the place of their choice provided the
concerned Hospital has its own Physiotherapy clinic fully furnished with all the necessary
11
equipment as per the curriculum of the Program. For the purpose of granting NOC the
candidate shall have to submit to the Institution the status of Physiotherapy services available
at the place where they intend to do their Internship.

It is mandatory for Internee to obtain NOC from the concerned Hospital/Institute prior
to applying NOC from the head of Institute.

It is mandatory for interns to undertake a research project during internship period. Head of
the institutions should appoint appropriately qualified guides to guide interns in their
research project. Duly approved and completed research projects should be submitted to the
college before completion of the internship period.

Internship completion certificates will be issued only after submission of the research
project.

12
 TRANSCRIPT

Paper No. Subject Title Total Hours

First Year BPT
Papers for University Examination
I Human Anatomy 250
II Human Physiology 200
III Exercise Therapy – I 200
IV Psychology & Sociology 80
V Biomedical Physics 80
VI English 40
Non-Exam Papers
A. Orientation to Physiotherapy 30
B. First Aid & CPR 40
Clinical Observation Posting 140
Extra-curricular Activities (Conferences, Educational
100
Tours, Sports and Cultural Activities)
Total Hours in First Year 1160

Second Year BPT

Papers for University Examination
I Pathology & Microbiology 80
II Biochemistry & Pharmacology 80
III Exercise Therapy – II & Exercise Physiology 250
IV Electrotherapy 350
V Kinesiology & Biomechanics 150
Non-Exam Papers
A. ENT & Dermatology 30
B. Basic Nursing 30
Supervised Clinical Observation 140
Extra-curricular Activities (Conferences, Seminars,
100
Educational Tours, Sports and Cultural Activities)
Total Hours in Second Year 1210

13
 Third Year BPT
Papers for University Examination
I General Medicine & Pediatrics 80
II Surgery 80
III Orthopedics & Traumatology 80
IV Neurology, Obstetrics & Gynecology 80
V Physical & Functional Diagnosis 200
VI Research Methodology & Biostatistics 80
Non-Exam Papers
A. Basics in Radiology & diagnostic procedures 20
B. Psychiatry 20
Supervised Clinical Training 450
Extra-curricular Activities (Conferences, Seminars, 100
Workshops, Educational Tours, Sports and Cultural
Activities)
Total Hours in Third Year 1190

Fourth Year BPT

Papers for University Examination
I Physiotherapy in Neurological Conditions 140
II Physiotherapy in Musculoskeletal Conditions 140
III Physiotherapy in Cardio respiratory and Medical 120
Surgical Conditions
IV Community Physiotherapy Rehabilitation and 110
Assistive Technologies
V Ethics and Management 40
Supervised Clinical Training 960
Total Hours in Fourth Year 1510

Internship Program including Research work

I Internship 1100
II Research Work 180
Total Hours in Internship 1280
Total Transcript Hours 6350

14
15
16
 Paper I: HUMAN ANATOMY
Subject Code: PT0101
Theory: 150 Hours Practical:100 Hours

Method of Assessment: Written, Practical and Oral

Course Description: It is designed to provide students with the working knowledge of the
structure of the human body which is essential foundation for their clinical studies. Studies are
concerned with the topographical and functional anatomy of the limbs and thorax. Particular
attention is paid to the muscles, bones and joints of the regions. The abdomen, pelvis, perineum,
head and neck and central nervous system (CNS) are studied with particular reference to topics
of importance to physiotherapists. The study of the CNS includes detailed consideration of the
control of motor function.
Sr. No Description of topics Hours
Basic Structure – Not for Exam
1. HISTOLOGY 5
1.1 General Histology & basic tissues of body
Cell, Epithelium, Connective tissues, Cartilage, bone, muscular
1.2
tissues, Nervous tissue, lymphoid tissue, skin & appendages
2. EMBRYOLOGY 4
2.1 Ovum, Spermatozoa, Fertilization and formation of germ layers
2.2 Development of skin, fascia, blood vessels and lymphatics
2.3 Development of bones and muscles
2.4 Development of neural tubes and spinal cord
2.5 Development of brain and its structures
Detailed structural anatomy
1. MUSCULOSKELETAL ANATOMY – GENERAL 10
1.1 Anatomical terminologies, Positions, planes and axes
Osteology - Bone composition, functions, Classification, surface
1.2
landmarks
Arthrology - Joint Classification, structure, movements, blood supply
1.3
and nervous supply
1.4 Myology – Types of muscles and its functions
2. MUSCULOSKELETAL ANATOMY – REGIONAL
2.1 Upper Extremity 25
Osteology: Clavicle, Scapula, Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Carpals,
2.1.1
Metacarpals and Phalanges
Arthrology: Shoulder complex, Elbow joint, Radioulnar joint, Wrist
2.1.2 Joint, Carpometacarpal joints, Metacarpophalangeal joints,
intercarpal joints and phalangeal joints
Myology: Origin, insertion, nerve supply and action of muscles that
2.1.3 move the shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand joints along with scapular
muscles

17
 Structural anatomy of pectoral region, axilla, cubital fossa, palm,
2.1.4 arches of the hand, blood vessels of arm, forearm and hand, lymphatic
drainage of upper extremity
2.2 Lower Extremity 25
Osteology: Pelvic bones, femur, Patella, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsals,
2.2.1
Metatarsals and Phalanges
Arthrology: Hip complex, knee complex, ankle joint, tibiofibular
2.2.2 joints, intertarsal joints, metatarsophalangeal joints and phalangeal
joints
Myology: Origin, insertion, nerve supply and action of muscles that
2.2.3
move the hip, knee, ankle and foot joints, pelvic floor muscles
Structural anatomy of pelvic region, femoral triangle, inguinal
2.2.4 region, popliteal fossa, foot, arches of foot, blood vessels of foot,
lymphatic drainage of lower extremity
2.3 Trunk & Spine 20
Osteology: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral and coccygeal vertebrae,
2.3.1
Ribs and sternum
2.3.2 Arthrology: Intervertebral joints, joints of thoracic cage
Myology: Origin, insertion, nerve supply and action of muscles that
2.3.3
move the spinal column and thoracic region
2.3.4 Structural anatomy of intervertebral disc
2.4 Head & Neck 10
2.4.1 Osteology: Bones of the skull, facial bones and Mandible
2.4.2 Arthrology: Joints of the skull and facial bones
Myology: Origin, insertion, nerve supply and action of muscles of
2.4.3
the face and neck
2.4.4 Structural anatomy of the triangles of neck
3. NEURO ANATOMY 25
3.1 Classification of Nervous system
3.2 Nerve structure and classification
3.3 Neuron structure and classification
3.4 Parts of spinal nerve
3.5 Simple reflex arc
3.6 Central Nervous system
3.6.1 Parts of CNS
Brain – Anatomy and blood supply of Cerebrum, Cerebellum, mid
3.6.2 brain and brainstem, medulla oblongata, Pyramidal and extrapyramidal
system, Thalamus and Hypothalamus
3.6.3 Structural anatomy of meninges
3.6.4 Structural anatomy of ventricles (Brief) and CSF circulation
3.6.5 Spinal Cord – Anatomy, blood supply and pathways
3.7 Cranial nerves – Course, function, and testing
3.8 Sympathetic and parasympathetic system
3.9 Peripheral nervous system
18
 4. CARDIOVASCULAR ANATOMY 6
4.1 Structural anatomy of veins, arteries and capillaries
4.2 Heart – internal and external features, blood supply
4.3 Conductive system of heart
4.4 Lymphatic circulation, lymph nodes
5. RESPIRATORY ANATOMY 6
5.1 Structural anatomy of upper and lower respiratory tracts
Nasal air passages, Trachea, Lungs, pleura, bronchial tree,
5.1.1
bronchopulmonary segments
5.1.2 Diaphragm – Origin, insertion, nerve supply, action
5.2 Mechanism of respiration
5.3 Accessory muscles of respiration
6. ANATOMY OF DIGESTIVE ORGANS 3
6.1 Components of the digestive system
6.2 Divisions of the Abdominal cavity, Surface anatomy
6.3 Muscles of abdominal wall
6.4 Digestive organs (Brief)
7. ANATOMY OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 6
7.1 Structural anatomy of endocrine glands
8. URINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE ANATOMY 5
8.1 Structural anatomy of urinary system and organs
8.2 Structural anatomy of genital system of male and female

Recommended Books:
1. Human Anatomy - B.D. Chaurasia
2. Textbook of Anatomy - Inderbir Singh
3. Handbook of Osteology - Poddar
4. Neuroanatomy – Vishram Singh
5. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology – Tortora
6. Cunningham’s Manual of Practical Anatomy
7. Anatomy and Physiology – Smout & McDowell
8. Gray’s Anatomy
9. Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students - Richard Snell

19
 QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

PRACTICAL (100 Hours)

 Identification of dissected parts of Upper extremity, lower extremity, thoracic, abdominal

viscera and brain including muscles and nerves (60 Hours)

 Identification of bones and joints – articulated and disarticulated (20 Hours)

 Demonstrate and practice of Surface Anatomy of bones, ligaments, muscles, nerves of

body (20 Hours)

PRACTICAL EXAM FORMAT

1. Spots (10 x 3 = 30 marks)

10 spots based on

a. Bones

b. Organs – Only Brain, Heart, Kidney and Lungs

2. Journal of Anatomy (5 marks)

3. Viva on structural anatomy of bones, muscles, nerves and organs (Only Brain,
Heart, Kidney and Lungs) (45 marks)

20
 Paper II: HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Subject Code: PT0102
Theory: 150 Hours Practical:50 Hours
Method of Assessment: Written, Practical and Oral
Course Description: At the end of the course the student will be able to explain the normal
functioning of all the organ systems and their interaction for well co- ordinated total body functions
with special reference to musculoskeletal, nervous, cardio- respiratory, female urogenital system
and alteration in functions of organs due to aging, analyze physiological responses & adaptation
to environmental stresses with special emphasis on physical activity and temperature. Acquire the
skill of basic clinical examination with special emphasis to peripheral and central nervous system,
cardio-vascular and respiratory system, exercise tolerance.
Sr. No Description of topics Hours
Basic Structure – Not for Exam
1. GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY 5
1.1 Cell, Organelles – Structure and Function
1.2 Structure of cell membrane
1.3 Transport mechanisms across cell membrane
1.4 Body fluids – Composition
1. BLOOD 10
1.1 Composition and functions
1.2 Plasma - composition and functions
1.3 Plasma proteins – Types and functions
1.4 RBC, WBC, Platelets – Structure, formation and functions
1.5 Lymph-Composition, Circulation and functions
1.6 Hemoglobin – Structure and functions
1.7 Anemia – Types
1.8 Hemostasis, blood coagulation mechanisms, disorders in coagulation
1.9 Bleeding time, clotting time, ESR and blood indices
1.10 Blood grouping, Rh Factor – Types and Significance
2. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 20
2.1 Structure and functions of arteries, arterioles, capillaries and veins
Structure, properties and function of heart, heart valves, blood and
2.2
nerve supply of heart
2.3 Conducting system of the heart
2.4 Cardiac Cycle – Description of phases
2.5 Heart sounds – Types, characteristics, and identification
Cardiac output, Stroke Volume, Heart Rate, Blood pressure,
2.6 Peripheral vascular resistance– Definitions, normal values, regulations, and
variations
2.7 Basic understanding of Electrocardiography

21
 3. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 20
Structure and functions of upper and lower Respiratory tracts
3.1
including nasal passages, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli
3.2 Primary and accessory muscles of respiration
3.3 Neural and chemical regulation of respiration
3.4 Mechanism of respiration
3.5 Gaseous exchange in respiration
3.6 Pulmonary function tests, Spirometry, lung volumes and capacities
3.7 Anatomical and Physiologic dead space
3.8 Pulmonary circulation
3.9 Hypoxia, Asphyxia, Cyanosis – Description and types
3.10 Artificial Respiration
4. NERVE AND MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY 20
4.1 Nerves - Structure and function, classification, properties
4.1.1 Neurophysiology of nerve injuries and classification of nerve injuries
4.2 Muscle – Classification, Structure and properties
4.2.1 Contractile mechanism of muscles, excitation – coupling reactions
4.2.2 Motor Unit, neuromuscular junction, muscle tone, Fatigue
5. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 10
Digestive Organs - Structure and function of stomach, pancreas,
5.1
liver, gall bladder and intestine
5.2 Salivary secretions and gastric juices – Functions and regulation
5.3 Mastication and swallowing – Stages and mechanism
5.4 Digestion and absorption of nutrients
6. EXCRETORY SYSTEM 15
Excretory organs - Structure and function of kidneys, nephrons and Juxta
6.1
medullary apparatus
6.2 Renal blood flow and regulation
6.3 Formation of Urine, Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
6.4 Regulation of water excretion from body
6.5 Structure and function of urinary bladder
6.5.1 Types of bladder in pathological conditions
6.6 Mechanism of defecation
6.7 Skin and temperature regulation
7. SPECIAL SENSES 5
7.1 Vision – Structure and functions of eye ball and its components
7.1.1 Visual Pathways, visual reflexes, adaptation to light and dark
7.1.2 Pathology of vision
7.2 Hearing - Structure and function of external, middle and inner ear
7.2.1 Auditory pathway and testing of hearing
7.2.2 Pathology of hearing
7.3 Taste - Structure and function of tongue
22
7.3.1 Gustatory pathway and testing for taste

7.3.2 Pathology of taste

7.4 Smell - Structure and function of nose
7.4.1 Olfactory pathway and testing of olfaction
7.4.2 Pathology of olfaction
7.5 Touch - Structure and function of skin
7.5.1 Sensory pathway, superficial reflexes, types of sensation
7.5.2 Sensory affection in pathological conditions
8. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 15
8.1 Physiology and classification of Endocrine glands and hormones
Functions, classification and regulation of secretion of hormones –
8.2 Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Gonads and Pancreas
9. NERVOUS SYSTEM 25
9.1 Physiology and classification of nervous system
9.2 Structure and function of Brain
Structure and function of Cerebral cortex, Sensory and motor
9.2.1 Homunculus
9.2.2 Structure and function of Corpus Callosum
9.2.3 Structure and function of Basal Ganglia
9.2.4 Structure and function of Thalamus and Hypothalamus
Structure and function of Brain Stem – Pons, Midbrain and Medulla
9.2.5 Oblongata
9.2.6 Structure and function of Cerebellum
9.2.7 Structure and function of Limbic system
9.3 Structure and function of Spinal Cord
9.3.1 Spinal nerves, Reflex arc and monosynaptic reflexes
9.4 Structure and functions of Peripheral nerve
9.5 Ascending and descending pathways
9.6 Structure and functions of ventricles
Cerebrospinal Fluid – Formation, composition, circulation and
9.6.1 functions
9.7 Upper and lower motor neurons - Functional significance
9.8 Structure and function of Cranial nerves and their examination
9.9 Postural and Equilibrium mechanisms
9.10 Autonomic nervous system – Functions
Neurophysiology of Pain – Pain pathways, Gate control theory of
9.11 pain and pain modulation
10. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 5
Male - Functions of testes, pubertal changes in males, testosterone - action
10.1 and regulations of secretion
Female - Functions of ovaries and uterus, pubertal changes, menstrual
10.2 cycle, estrogens and progesterone - action and regulation

23
Recommended Books:
1. Human Physiology - Chatterjee

2. Concise Medical Physiology - Chaudhuri

3. Human Physiology - Sembulingam

4. A Textbook of Practical Physiology - Ghai C L

5. Practical physiology - Vijaya Joshi

6. Samson and Wright’s Applied Physiology

7. Textbook of Medical Physiology - Guyton & Hall

8. Principles of Anatomy & Physiology – Tortora

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

PRACTICAL (50 Hrs)

 Demonstration of RBC, WBC, Platelet count, ESR, Bleeding and clotting time,
Hemoglobin estimation and blood grouping (10 Hrs)

 Identification of graphs displaying properties of muscles, lung volumes and

capacities and ECG wave forms (5 Hrs)

 Practical application of clinical examination of Health-related Physical Fitness-

Cardiovascular endurance, Muscular Endurance, Muscular strength, Flexibility
and Body composition (10 Hrs)

 Practical application of clinical examination of Blood Pressure measurement –

Palpatory and auscultatory methods (5 Hrs)

 Practical application of clinical examination of Auscultation of Heart sounds and

Breath sounds (5 Hrs)
24
 Demonstration of Spirometry – Recording of lung volumes and capacities (2 Hrs)

 Practical application of clinical examination of heart rate, respiratory rate,

superficial, deep and cortical reflexes (5 Hrs)

 Practical application of clinical examination of cranial nerves (8 Hrs)

PRACTICAL EXAM FORMAT

1. Spots (10 x 3 = 30 marks)

10 spots based on

a. Graphs – Muscle properties, ECG, Lung volumes and capacities

b. Tools used for assessment of physical fitness

c. Stethoscope and its parts

d. Sphygmomanometer and its parts

e. Spirometer

2. Journal of Physiology (5 marks)

3. Viva on structure and functions of various systems of the body covered in the syllabus
(45 marks)

25
 Paper III: EXERCISE THERAPY – I AND BASIC BIOMECHANICS
Subject Code: PT0103
Theory: 100 Hrs Practical: 100 Hrs
Method of Assessment: Written, Practical and Oral
Course Description: In this course, the students will learn the basic principles and effects of
exercise as a therapeutic modality and will learn the techniques in the restoration of physical
functions and basic biomechanics involves the study of basic concepts of human movements.

Sr. No Description of topics Hours

1. INTRODUCTION TO EXERCISE AND EXERCISE THERAPY 4
1.1 Significance of assessment in prescribing exercise
1.2 Physiological effects and uses of exercise
1.3 Planning treatment through exercise
2. BASIC BIOMECHANICS 5
Terminologies related to movements – Axis, Planes, Kinetics,
2.1 Kinematics, types of muscle contraction and work, Closed and Open
chain activities, shunt and spurt muscles, Angle of pull
3. SIMPLE MACHINES 4
3.1 Definition, properties, types and uses of Levers, pulley and springs
3.2 Mechanical Advantage
4. THERAPEUTIC GYMNASIUM 6
4.1 Tools and equipment used in exercise therapy-Uses and application
5. STARTING POSITIONS 5
5.1 Fundamental and derived starting positions
5.2 Effects, uses and muscle work
6. MOVEMENTS CLASSIFICATION 15
6.1 Active movements
Free exercises – Principles, techniques of application, indications,
6.1.1
contraindications, effects and uses
Active Assisted exercise - Principles, Classification, techniques of
6.1.2
application, indications, contraindications, effects and uses
Resisted exercise (in general and brief) - Principles, Classification,
6.1.3
techniques of application, indications, contraindications, effects and uses
Passive movements - Principles, Classification, techniques of
6.2
application, indications, contraindications, effects and uses
6.3 End feel – definition, types of normal and abnormal end feel
7. GONIOMETRY 10
7.1 Causes for restriction of range of motion
Definition – goniometry, Active range of motion, passive range of
7.2
motion
7.3 Types of goniometer, uses

26
 Principles, techniques of application, indications, contra indications,
7.4
limitations of goniometry for joints of upper limb and lower limb
Tools used to measure range of motion of spine, Principles, techniques of
7.5 application, indications, contra indications, limitations of goniometry for
spine
7.6 Normal range of motion of upper limb, lower limb joints and spine
7.7 Trick movements – Definition, types and its significance in exercise
8. SUSPENSION THERAPY 6
Definition, types, principles of application, therapeutic effects and uses,
8.1
indications and contra indications
9. BREATHING EXERCISES 6
Patterns of breathing, types of breathing exercises - Techniques and
9.1 principles of application, therapeutic effects and uses, indications and
contra indications
LIMB LENGTH MEASUREMENTS – TYPES, TECHNIQUES
10. 5
OF MEASURING
11. GIRTH MEASUREMENTS 5
12. AMBULATORY DEVICES AND WALKING AIDS 8
12.1 Crutches – Types, measurement methods, uses
12.2 Application of 2 point, 3 point and 4 point gait patterns
13. SOFT TISSUE MOBILIZATION (MASSAGE) 15
13.1 Definition, classification of massage
Principles of application, Physiological effects and therapeutic uses,
13.2 indications and contra indications of different types of massage
techniques
13.3 Massage for upper limb, neck, face, chest, back, and lower limb
14. GROUP EXERCISE AND HOME EXERCISE 6

Recommended Books:
1. Principles of Exercise Therapy - Dena Gardiner.
2. Practical Exercise Therapy - Margaret Hollis.
3. Therapeutic Exercise - Kisner & Colby
4. Principles and Practices of Therapeutic Massage - Sinha A G
5. Measurement of Joint Motion – a guide to Goniometry - Cynthia Norkins
6. Therapeutic exercise - Hall & Brody

27
 QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION
Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

PRACTICAL (100 Hours)

Practical skillful application of techniques of

 Observation of muscle work of various positions

 Active assisted movements, Passive movements, Resisted exercises

 Goniometry

 Suspension exercises

 Breathing exercises

 Limb length measurements

 Girth measurements

 Soft tissue mobilization

PRACTICAL EXAM FORMAT

1. Spots (10 x 3 = 30 marks)

a. Based on therapeutic Gymnasium

2. Demonstration of techniques of application of any two of the

following: (30 marks)

a. Free Exercise

b. Active/Active-Assisted/Resisted Exercise

c. Passive movements of limbs

28
 d. Goniometry of joints of limbs

e. Suspension therapy

f. Breathing exercises

g. Limb length measurements

h. Girth measurements

i. Soft tissue mobilization

3. Viva on basic biomechanics, principles, indications and contra indications of various

techniques covered in the syllabus (15 marks)

4. Journal of Exercise Therapy (5 marks)

29
 PAPER IV: SECTION – I PSYCHOLOGY

Subject Code: PT0104A

Theory: 40 Hours
Method of Assessment: Written
Course description: Human Psychology involves the study of various behavioral patterns of
individuals, theories of development, normal and abnormal aspects of motor, social, emotional and
language development, communication and interaction skills appropriate to various age groups.
Sociology will introduce student to the basic sociology concepts, principles and social process,
social institutions (in relation to the individual, family and community) and the various social
factors affecting the family in rural and urban communities in India will be studied. The study of
these subjects will help the student to understand their clients while assessment and while planning
appropriate treatment methods.

Sr. No. Description of topics Hours

1. INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY 4
1.1 Definition, Branches and methods
1.2 Role of Psychology in Physiotherapy
Influence of heredity and environment on individual – Nature Vs
1.3
Nurture
Development and growth of behavior in infancy and childhood,
1.4
adolescence, adulthood and old age, normal and abnormal
2. MOTIVATION 3
2.1 Definition and types
2.2 Motivation cycle
2.3 Theories of motivation
3. ATTENTION AND PERCEPTION 3
3.1 Types of attention, Factors determining attention
3.2 Principles of perceptual grouping
3.3 Errors or abnormalities in perception – Illusions and Hallucinations
4. PERSONALITY 3
4.1 Definition, types and theories of personality
4.2 Factors influencing personality
4.3 Assessment of Personality and personality disorders
5. LEARNING 5
Theories of learning – Trial and error, Classical and Operant
5.1
conditioning
5.2 Learning disabilities
6. ATTITUDE AND BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION 3
6.1 Definition and theories of attitude and behavior
6.2 Methods and therapies for behavioral modification
6.3 Factors affecting attitude and behavior
30
 7. MEMORY 3
7.1 Types and Theories
7.2 Methods to improve memory
8. THINKING 3
8.1 Types and Process of thinking
8.2 Problem solving, decision making and creative thinking
9. EMOTION 3
9.1 Theories of emotion and stress
9.2 Physiological and psychological changes to stress
9.3 Stress management
10. FRUSTRATION AND CONFLICT 2
10.1 Types of frustration and conflict
Defense mechanism – Denial, Identification, regression, repression,
10.2
projection, sublimation and rationalization
11. INTELLIGENCE 2
11.1 Theories of intelligence
11.2 Intelligence tests and their uses
12. COMMUNICATION 4
12.1 Different types
12.2 Effective communication skills
13. COUNSELING 2
13.1 Principles of psychological counseling, its significance

Recommended Books:
1. Introduction to psychology - S.K.Mangal
2. Introduction to psychology - Morgan and King,
3. Psychology for Physiotherapists - Ramalingam

31
 PAPER IV: SECTION – II SOCIOLOGY
Subject Code: PT0104B
Theory: 40 Hours
Method of Assessment: Written
Sr. No Description of topics Hours
1. INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY 3
1.1 Definition and Branches
1.2 Role of sociology in Physiotherapy
2. SOCIAL FACTORS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 3
2.1 Definition and role of social factors in health and disease conditions
3. SOCIALIZATION 4
3.1 Meaning and nature
3.2 Primary, secondary and anticipatory socialization
3.3 Agencies of socialization
4. FAMILY AND SOCIAL GROUPS 6
4.1 Role of social groups in health and disease
4.2 Types of social groups – Primary, secondary and Formal, informal
4.3 Family as a social group
4.4 Types of family and their functions; Advantages and disadvantages
4.5 Role of family in health and disease
5. COMMUNITY 4
5.1 Advantages and disadvantages of Urban and Rural community
5.2 Health Hazards in urban and rural communities
6. CULTURE 4
6.1 Definition and significance
6.2 Role of culture in health and disease
7. SOCIAL CHANGE 5
7.1 Meaning and significance
7.2 Factors affecting social change
7.3 Stress related to social change
7.4 Social change and its role in health and disease
8. SOCIAL PROBLEMS 6
8.1 Common Social problems encountered in the society
8.2 Consequences of the following social problems and their remedies
8.2.1 Population explosion
8.2.2 Poverty and unemployment
8.2.3 Beggary
8.2.4 Alcoholism
8.2.5 Juvenile delinquency
8.2.6 Prostitution
8.2.7 Geriatric issues
32
 9. SOCIETY AND THE DISABLED 4
9.1 Meaning of disability
9.2 Social security and legislation for the disabled
10. SOCIAL WORKER 1
10.1 Role of Medical Social Worker in rehabilitation

Recommended Books:
1. Introduction to the study of Sociology - Sachdeva and Vidyabushan
2. Textbook of Sociology for Physiotherapy Students - KP Neeraja
3. Text Books of Sociology for Graduates Nurses and Physiotherapy Students
- Indrani T K
4. Sociology for Physiotherapists - Dibyendunarayana Bid

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I (Psychology): 40 Marks

Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II (Sociology): 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

33
 PAPER V: BIOMEDICAL PHYSICS
Subject Code: PT0105
Theory: 80 Hours
Method of Assessment: Written
Course Description: At the end of the course the candidate will be able to Describe the
fundamentals of general physics and able to relate its application in Physiotherapy,
Understand basic physical principles of sound, light and heat and their application in
Physiotherapy, Understand basic aspects of electricity and electronics as related to its
application in electrotherapy instruments, Describe in brief certain common electrical
components such as capacitors, transformers, valves and transistors; and will be able to
identify such components.

Sr. No Description of topics Hours

1. GENERAL PHYSICS 15
1.1 Force
1.1.1 Definition, types, unit
1.1.2 Motion and its types, Newton’s Laws of motion
1.2 Equilibrium
1.2.1 Definition and types
1.3 Work, power, energy and torque
1.3.1 Definition, types and unit
1.4 Friction
1.4.1 Definition and types, Laws governing friction
1.5 Fluid mechanics and Hydrodynamics
1.5.1 Physical properties of water
Buoyancy, Specific Heat and Thermal Conductivity, Viscosity,
1.5.1.1. Hydrostatic pressure

1.5.1.2 Archimedes principles, Pascal’s Law

1.6 Elasticity
1.6.1 Principles, Hook’s Law
2. HEAT 10
2.1 Properties of heat and temperature
2.2 Heat transfer and conducting properties
Kirchoff’s law, Joule’s law of heat production, Grothus law and
2.3
laws of thermodynamics, cosine law, inverse square law
2.4 Biophysics of superficial heat and cold 10
3. SOUND
3.1 Frequency, Wavelength, Amplitude, vibration and phases of sound
3.2 Newton’s formula for velocity of sound
3.3 Lap lace’s correction

34
3.4 Interference and resonance of sound waves
3.5 Doppler effect and Echo
3.6 Ultrasonic sound waves – production and application
4. LIGHT 10
4.1 Electromagnetic spectrum
4.2 Laws of emission, reflection, refraction, absorption and interference
4.3 Fiber optics and LASER
5. ELECTRICITY 15
5.1 Definition, types and units
5.2 Characteristics of charged body and lines of forces
5.3 Electromagnetic induction, Potential difference and EMF
5.4 Resistance in series and parallel
5.5 Current
Types – Direct current, alternate current and modified current; units
5.5.1
of measurement of current
Ohm’s law, Faraday’s law, Lenz’s law, Fleming’s right hand rule
5.5.2
and Eddy currents
5.6 Valves, Transformers
5.6.1 Principles, types, construction and working
5.7 Fuse
5.7.1 Uses and practical implications
5.8 Electric Shock
5.8.1 Definition, types and safety precautions
6. MODERN PHYSICS 10
6.1 X-ray – Production, properties and application
6.2 IR rays and UV rays – Short wave and microwave diathermy.
Therapeutic currents –Iimpulses, definition and types, pulse duration
and depletion times
Galvanic current, Faradic currents, Surging current, exponentially
progressive current, biphasic current
7. ELECTRONICS 10
Thermionic valves and their characteristics, semi-conductor devices:
diode, its characteristics, types and uses
Rectifier, half wave, full wave, its characteristics, types and uses
Transistor: types, mode of connection, characteristics, use as an
amplifier,
Oscillating circuit, production of shaped pulses
Triode valve as amplifier and oscillator
Cathode Ray Oscilloscope

35
Recommended Books:
1. Biophysical Bases of Electrotherapy - Alex Ward, 1st Edition
2. Physical Principles Explained - Low & Reed
3. Biophysics: An Introduction - Roland Glaser
4. Principal of Electronics - V. K. Mehta
5. Fundamentals of Physics - Robert Resnik

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

36
 PAPER VI: ENGLISH

Subject Code: PT0106

Theory: 40 Hours
Method of Assessment: Written
Course Description: This course is designed to help the student acquire a good command and
comprehension of the English language through individual, papers and conferences. The student
at the end of training is able to Read and comprehend English language, Speak and write
grammatically correct English, Appreciates the value of English literature in personal and
professional life.
Sr. No. Description of topics Hours
1. GRAMMAR 10
1.1 Vocabulary, framing sentences
1.2 Phonetics
2. COMPREHENSION 5
2.1 Reading and comprehending
3. COMPOSITION 15
3.1 Various forms of composition
3.1.1 Letter writing
3.1.2 Notes taking
3.1.3 Resume and curriculum vitae development
4. SPOKEN ENGLISH 10
4.1 Verbal communication
4.2 Discussion, debate and Public speaking skills

Recommended Books:
1. English Grammar Collins, Birmingham University, International Language Data Base
2. Wren and Martin - Grammar and Composition
3. Spoken English - V Shasikumar and P V Dhanija

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 (A) Do as Directed (Six out of Six) 6+4=10
(B) Expand the idea (Any One out of Two)
Q: 2 (A) Letter writing (Any One out of Two) 5+5=10
(B) Write a paragraph (Any One out of Two)
Q: 3 (A) Write a report. (One out of One) 5+5=10
(B) Write a conversation. (Any One out of Two)
Q: 4 (A) Write an essay. (Any One out of Two) 5+5=10
(B) Precis Writing. (One out of One)

37
 NON-EXAM PAPERS

A. ORIENTATION TO PHYSIOTHERAPY
Course Description: This course is designed to help the student acquire the geographical
orientation of the various concerned sections of the education department and clinical training
areas and to get an overall idea about the graduate programme and its scope in the professional
practice.

Sr. No. Description of topics Hours

1. History of Physiotherapy 3
Definition, Scope, branches, code of conduct, governing bodies –
2. 4
National and International
3. Status of Physiotherapy profession in India and abroad 4
4. Modes of management of disorders and diseases in Physiotherapy 4
5. Role of Physiotherapists in the health care system 4
6. Branches and fields in Physiotherapy 5
7. Scope and areas of practice for Physiotherapy professionals 4
8. Basic guidelines of Code of conduct in Physiotherapy 2

B. FIRST AID & CPR

Course Description: At the completion of this course the student of First Aid and CPR must be
able to identify and manage situation of common emergencies.

Sr. No. Description of topics Hours

1. Significance of First Aid 2

2. Principles of emergency care and First Aid 2
3. Basic instrumentations used in First Aid 3
4. First Aid for accident victims 3
5. First Aid during natural disaster and calamities 3
6. First Aid in fractures and spinal cord injuries 3
7. First Aid in cardiac arrest 3
8. First Aid in respiratory distress and failure 3
9. First Aid in Burns 3
10. First Aid in poisoning 3
11. First Aid in drowning 3
12. First Aid in Shocks 3
13. Concept of Cardiopulmonary resuscitation 6

38
 CLINICAL OBSERVATION POSTING

Total Hours: 140

Students will be posted in rotation in the following areas/wards. The students will be observing
and assisting physiotherapists to provide physiotherapy care for the patients.

1. General Physiotherapy OPD

2. Exercise Therapy and Gymnasium Department
3. Electrotherapy Department

39
SECOND YEAR BPT

40
 Paper I: SECTION – I: PATHOLOGY
Subject Code: PT0201A
Theory: 40 Hrs
Method of Assessment: Written

Course Description: This subject form a vital link between preclinical subjects and clinical
subjects. Pathology involves the study of causes and mechanisms of diseases. The knowledge and
understanding of Pathology of diseases is essential to institute appropriate treatment or suggest
preventive measures to the patient.
Sr. No. Description of topics Hours

1. GENERAL PATHOLOGY
1.1 Introduction 01
1.2 Cell injuries 03
Aetiology and Pathogenesis with a brief recall of important aspects of
1.2.1
normal cell structure
Reversible cell injury: Types, Sequential changes, Cellular swellings,
1.2.2
vacuolation, Hyaline changes, Mucoid changes.
1.2.3 Irreversible cell injury: Types of Necrosis & Gangrene, Autolysis.
Pathologic calcification: Dystrophic and Metastatic. Intracellular
1.2.4
Accumulations
1.3 Inflammation and Repair 03
Acute inflammation: features, causes, vascular and cellular events,
1.3.1
Inflammatory cells and Mediators
Chronic inflammation: Causes, Types, Classification nonspecific and
1.3.2
granulomatous with examples
Repair, Wound healing by primary and secondary union, factors
1.3.3 promoting and delaying the process. Healing in specific site including bone
healing
1.4 Circulatory Distrurbances 03
1.4.1 Hyperemia/Ischemia and Haemorrhage
Edema: Pathogenesis and types
Thrombosis and Embolism: Formation, Fate and Effects
Infarction: Types, Common sites
1.5 Growth Disturbances and Neoplasia 03
Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia, Aplasia, Hypoplasia, dysplasia.
1.5.1
Precancerous lesions
Neoplasia: Definition, classification, Biological behaviour: Benign and
1.5.2
Malignant, Carcinoma and Sarcoma
1.6 Hematology 03
1.6.1 Constituents of blood and bone marrow, Regulation of hematopoiesis
1.6.2 Anemia: Classification, clinical features & lab diagnosis
41
 1.6.3 Hemostatic disorders, Vascular and Platelet disorders & lab diagnosis
1.6.4 Coagulopathies - (i) Inherited (ii) Acquired with lab diagnosis
1.6.5 Leukocytic disorders: Leukocytosis, Leukopenias, Leukemoid reaction
Leukemia: Classification, clinical manifestation, pathology and
1.6.6
Diagnosis
1.6.7 Hemorrhagic disorders: Hemophilia - causes and classification
2. SYSTEMIC PATHOLOGY
2.1 Cardiovascular Pathology 04
Congenital Heart diseases, Atherosclerosis, Rheumatic Heart disease,
2.1.1 Myocardial Infarction, Thromboplebitis, Endocarditis - aetio- pathogenesis
and diagnosis
2.2 Respiratory Pathology 03
Pneumonia, Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Asthma, Tuberculosis, Carcinoma of
2.2.1 lungs, Occupational lung diseases - aetio-pathogenesis
and diagnosis
2.3 Musculoskeletal Pathology 03
Osteomyelitis, Rickets/ Osteomalacia, osteoporosis, Rheumatoid
2.3.1 arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Paget’s disease, Gout, inflammatory
myopathy, muscular dystrophies - aetio-pathogenesis and diagnosis
2.4 Neuropathology 04
Meningitis, Encephalitis, Cerebral Hemorrhage, Cerebro Vascular
2.4.1 Accident, Brief outline of CNS Tumors, Neuritis, Neuralgia, GBS,
Neuropathies - aetio-pathogenesis and diagnosis
2.5 Gasterointestinal Pathology 02
Peptic ulcer, benign & malignant tumors of intestine, infective &
2.5.1 inflammatory bowel diseases, intestinal tuberculosis, ‘Crohn’s disease,
ulcerative colitis - aetio-pathogenesis and diagnosis
2.6 Hepato-Biliary Pathology 02
2.6.1 Hepatitis – Classification, aetio-pathogenesis and diagnosis, Cirrhosis
2.6.2 Jaundice: Types, aetio-pathogenesis and diagnosis
2.7 Urinary pathology 02
Nephritis, Glomerular Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome - aetio-
2.7.1
pathogenesis and diagnosis
2.8 Dermatopathology 02
Skin tumors: Squamos cell carcinoma, Basal cell carcinoma,
2.8.1
Melanoma - aetio-pathogenesis and diagnosis
2.9 Endocrine pathology 02
2.9.1 Non-neoplastic lesions of Thyroid, Thyroid tumors, Diabetes mellitus
Recommended Books:
1. Textbook of Pathology – Harsh Mohan
2. Pathologic basis of Disease – Cotran, Ramzi
3. Pathology of Disease - Naik
4. Pathology: Implications for Physical Therapists – Goodman and Boissonnault
42
 Paper I: SECTION – II: MICROBIOLOGY
Subject Code: PT0201B
Theory: 40 Hrs
Method of Assessment: Written

Course Description: Microbiology involves the study of common organisms causing diseases
including nosocomial infections and precautionary measures to protect one from acquiring
infections. The knowledge and understanding of Microbiology of diseases is essential to institute
appropriate treatment or suggest preventive measures to the patient.
Sr. No Description of topics Hours
1. INTRODUCTION 01
2. CLASSIFICATION OF MICRO ORGANISM 10
Bacterial Morphology, cells structure, difference between prokaryotes and
2.1 eukaryotes, capsule, flagella, fimbrae, pilli, cell wall, plasma membrane,
cytoplasm, ribosomes
2.2 Classification of Bacteria, Morphological characteristics of different bacteria
Definitions: infections, parasite, host, vector, fomite, contagious disease,
2.3 infectious disease, epidemic, endemic, pandemic, Zoonosis, Epizootic,
Attack rate
3. MODES OF TRANSMISSION OF DISEASES 04
Various routes of spread of infection, Hospital acquired infection, Bacteria
3.1
responsible for nosocomial infectious
4. STERILIZATION & DISINFECTION 05
Physical Methods, Chemical Methods, Mechanism of Sterilizations,
Difference between sterilization and disinfection, Universal precautions
4.1
and waste disposal process, Biomedical Waste management, Universal
precautions (PPE and immunization)
5. BACTERIOLOGY 05
Pathogenesis, collection and transportation for laboratory diagnosis of:
Gram Positive Cocci: Staphylococci, Streptococci and Pneumococci;
5.1
Myobacterial:M. Tuberculosis, M. leprae; Gram-Negative Bacilli - Typhoid,
Cholera, Dysentery; Urinary tract infections-E.coli
6. VIROLOGY 05
Pathogenesis, collection and transportation for laboratory diagnosis of:
6.1
Poliomyelitis, Herpes, Rabies, Measles, HIV infection, Chickenguniya
7. IMMUNOLOGY 05
Active, passive, Natural, acquired, Antigen, Antibody, type of antibodies,
7.1 Antigen antibody reactions, Hypersensitivity reactions, Mechanism of
immunity,Immunization, Handling of infected materials

43
 8. MYCOLOGY 05
General properties of fungi. Classification based on disease: superficial,
8.1 subcutaneous, deep mycosel opportunistic infections including
Mycotoxins, systemic mycoses
General principles of fungal diagnosis, Rapid diagnosis. Method of
8.2
collection of samples. Antifungal agents

Recommended Books:

1. Textbook of Microbiology – Ananth Narayan

2. Textbook of Microbiology – Chakrovorthy
3. Medical Microbiology - Irving

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I (Pathology): 40 Marks

Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II (Microbiology): 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

44
 Paper II: SECTION – I: BIOCHEMISTRY
Subject Code: PT0202A Theory: 40 Hrs
Method of Assessment: Written

Course Description: At the end of this curriculum students will be able to identify the mechanisms
of metabolism of various macro and micro nutrients. They will be able to correlate the biochemical
aspects of various disorders and diseases. They will acquire knowledge in brief about the clinical
biochemistry, with special reference to liver and renal function tests, blood study for lipid profile,
metabolism of fat, carbohydrates, proteins, bone minerals, electrolyte balance, water balance and
acid – base balance.

Sr.
Description of topics Hours
No.

1. CARBOHYDRATE CHEMISTRY AND METABOLISM 04

1.1 Definition, classification, composition, sources, properties and functions
1.2 Metabolism and absorption
1.3 Aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis
1.4 Glycogenolysis, glycogenesis
1.5 Hormonal regulation of glucose
2. LIPID CHEMISTRY AND METABOLISM 04
2.1 Definition, classification, composition, sources, properties and functions
2.2 Metabolism and absorption
3. PROTEINS AND AMINOACIDS: CHEMISTRY AND METABOLISM 04
3.1 Definition, classification, composition, sources, properties and functions
3.2 Metabolism and absorption
4. ENZYMES 04
4.1 Definition, classification with examples, Factors affecting enzyme action
4.2 Isoenzyme and co-enzyme
4.3 Clinical importance and uses of enzymes
4.4 Inhibition and type of inhibitors
5. NUCLEIC ACIDS 02
5.1 Chemistry, composition and functions
DNA, RNA – definition, structure and function, types, difference between
5.2
DNA and RNA, genetic code
6. VITAMINS 04
Definition, Classification and functions, dietary sources of each of the
6.1
vitamins
6.2 Absorption and transport, Daily requirements, deficiency and toxicity

45
 7. MINERALS 03
Definition, functions, dietary sources of Calcium, phosphate, iron,
7.1
Magnesium, fluoride, selenium, molybdenum, copper, zinc etc
7.2 Absorption and transport, Daily requirements, deficiency and toxicity
8. ACID-BASE BALANCE 03
8.1 Buffer systems of the body
8.2 Role of various physiological systems in acid – base balance
9. WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 03
9.1 Mechanism of regulation of water balance including thermoregulation
9.2 Mechanism of regulation of Electrolyte balance and role of ADH
10. CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY 04
10.1 Biochemical events of muscle contraction
10.2 Liver function test and its clinical importance
10.3 Renal function test and its clinical importance
11. NUTRITION 05
11.1 Importance of nutrition
11.2 Nutritional values of food
11.3 Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), factors affecting BMR and its importance
11.4 Recommended daily dietary allowances for adult male, female and children
11.5 Nutritional disorders

Recommended Books:
1. Essentials of Biochemistry – Satyanarayan
2. Textbook of Medical Biochemistry – Chatterjee
3. Textbook of Biochemistry for Medical students - Vasudevan

46
 Paper II: SECTION – II: PHARMACOLOGY

Subject Code: PT0202B

Theory: 40 Hrs

Method of Assessment: Written

Course Description: This subject involves the study of effects of various drugs on the systems of
the body prescribed for different diseases and disorders. It also involves describing the common
routes of administration, adverse reactions of these drugs, precautions to be taken in administration
and effects it may have on the Physiotherapeutic interventions used.

Sr. No. Description of topics Hours

1. GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY 04
Introduction, Definitions, Classification of drugs, Sources of drugs,
1.1
Routes of drug administration
Distribution of drugs, Metabolism and Excretion of drugs,
1.2
Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics
1.3 Factors modifying drug response
Elementary knowledge of drug toxicity, drug allergy, drug
1.4
resistance, drug potency, efficacy and drug antagonism
2. AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM 04
General considerations – The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
2.1
Systems, Receptors, Somatic Nervous System
Cholinergic and Anti-Cholinergic drugs, Adrenergic and
2.2
Adrenergic blocking drugs, Peripheral muscle relaxants
3. CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY 06
Drugs Used in the Treatment of Heart Failure: Digitalis, Diuretics,
3.1
Vasodilators, ACE inhibitors
Antihypertensive Drugs: Diuretics, Beta Blockers, Calcium Channel
3.2 Blockers, ACE Inhibitors, Central Acting Alpha Agonists,
Peripheral Alpha Antagonists, Direct acting Vasodilators
3.3 Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Drugs Used in the Treatment of Vascular Disease and Tissue
3.4 Ischemia: Vascular Disease, Hemostasis Lipid-Lowering agents,
Antithrombotics, Anticoagulants and Thrombolytics
Ischemic Heart Disease – Nitrates, Beta-Blockers, Calcium Channel
3.5
Blockers
3.6 Cerebral Ischemia
3.7 Peripheral Vascular Disease

47
 4. NEUROPHARMACOLOGY 06
4.1 Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs: Barbiturates, Benzodiazepines
4.2 Antianxiety Drugs: Benzodiazepines, Other Anxiolytics
Drugs Used in Treatment of Mood Disorders: Monoamine Oxidase
4.3
Inhibitors, Tricyclic Antidepressants, Atypical Antidepressants, Lithium
4.4 Antipsychotic drugs
5. DISORDERS OF MOVEMENT 03
5.1 Drugs used in Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease
5.2 Antiepileptic Drugs
5.3 Spasticity and Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
6. INFLAMMATORY/IMMUNE DISEASES 06
Non-narcotic Analgesics and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory
6.1 Drugs: Acetaminophen, NSAIDs, Aspirin, Nonaspirin NSAIDs, drug
Interactions with NSAIDs
Glucocorticoids: Pharmacological Uses of Glucocorticoids, adverse
6.2
effects, Physiologic Use of Glucocorticoids
Drugs Used in Treatment of Arthritic Diseases: Rheumatoid Arthritis,
6.3
Osteoarthritis, Gout
Drugs Used in the Treatment of Neuromuscular Immune/Inflammatory
6.4 Diseases: Myasthenia gravis, Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies,
systemic lupus Erythmatosus, Scleroderma, Demyelinating Disease
7. RESPIRATORY PHARMACOLOGY 05
Obstructive Airway Diseases, Drugs used in Treatment of
7.1
Obstructive airway Diseases, Allergic Rhinitis
8. DIGESTION AND METABOLISM 03
Gastrointestinal Pharmacology: Peptic Ulcer Disease, Constipation,
8.1
Diarrhea
Drugs Used in Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Insulin, Oral
8.2
Hypoglycemics
9. CHEMOTHERAPY 03
9.1 General Principles, administration and side effects

Recommended Books:
1. Pharmacology for Physiotherapy students – Padmaja Udaykumar
2. Pharmacology for Physiotherapist – H L Sharma, K K Sharma
3. Pharmacology Handbook for Physiotherapists- Jacqueline Reznik Ofer Keren Joanne Morris
Iftah Biran

48
 QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I (Biochemistry): 40 Marks

Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II (Pharmacology): 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

49
 Paper III: EXERCISE THERAPY – II AND EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY

Subject Code: PT0203

Theory: 100 Hrs Practical: 150 Hrs

Method of Assessment: Written, Practical and Oral

Course Description: In this course, the students will learn the advanced principles of exercise as
a therapeutic modality and will learn and practice the techniques in the restoration of physical
functions that involve the basic concepts of human movements. They will also understand and
apply the physiological basis of exercise including energy requirements for exercise.

Sr. No Description of topics Hours

1. JOINT MOBILIZATION 08
Range of motion restriction – Causes; Definition – Mobilization,
1.1 Manipulation; indications, limitations, contraindications and
precautions, applications of Mobilization technique to various joints
1.2 Differentiate mobilization and manipulation
Principles and application of Maitland, Kaltenborn and Mulligan
1.3
joint mobilization and manipulation techniques
2. TRACTION 04
Definition, types, indications, contraindications and principles of
application of techniques of manual and mechanical traction
3. MUSCLE LENGTH TESTING (MLT) 08
Flexibility – Definition; causes of muscle tightness, difference
3.1
between tightness and contracture
3.2 Contractures – Definition, types and characteristics
3.3 Principles and techniques of testing muscle length
4. STRETCHING 08
Definition, properties of soft tissue, mechanical and neurophysiological
4.1 properties of connective tissue, mechanical
properties of non-contractile tissue
Determinants, types and effect of different stretching techniques,
4.2
precautions and general applications of different stretching technique
5. MANUAL MUSCLE TESTING (MMT) 08
5.1 Causes of muscle weakness
5.2 Principles, grades, indications and limitations of MMT
5.3 Techniques of MMT for upper, lower limb, trunk and facial muscles
6. RESISTED EXERCISE 08
6.1 Differentiate strength, power and endurance

50
 Tools used for resistance in exercise – Dumbbells, barbells, weights,
6.2
theraband, thera tubes etc
Types of resisted exercises: Manual and Mechanical resistance
exercise, Isometric exercise, Dynamic exercise: Concentric and
6.3
Eccentric, Dynamic exercise: Constant versus variable resistance,
Open-Chain and Closed-Chain exercise, Isokinetic exercise
6.4 Specific exercise regimens
6.4.1 Isotonic: de Lormes, Oxford, Macqueen, Circuit weight training
Isometric: BRIME (Brief Resisted Isometric Exercise), Multiple
6.4.2
Angle Isometrics
6.5 Plyometric Training
PROPRIOCEPTIVE NEUROMUSCULAR FACILITATION
7. 08
(PNF)
Definition, Neurophysiological principles of PNF, principles of
7.1
techniques and application
PNF diagonal patterns of Upper limb, lower limb, trunk, head and
7.2
neck
7.3 Techniques of emphasis – stretching and strengthening techniques
8. AEROBIC EXERCISE 06
8.1 Definition, types, determinants and principles of application
Physiological effects and uses in therapy and various therapeutic
8.2
conditions
8.3 Basic procedures to evaluate aerobic capacity
9. HYDROTHERAPY 06
9.1 Properties of water and their advantages in exercising
9.2 Goals, indications, precautions and contraindications
9.3 Accessories and tools used in Hydrotherapy
Badragaz technique, Whirl Pool Bath and Hubbard tank – Principles
9.4
of application of techniques
10. POSTURE 05
10.1 Definition, characteristics of good and bad posture
10.2 Postural control
10.3 Types of deviant postures
10.4 Postural assessment and tools used
10.5 Postural correction exercises and techniques
11. BALANCE 05
11.1 Definition and Key terms
11.2 Balance control, Components of balance
11.3 Balance impairment, its causes and Balance assessment
11.4 Balance training

51
52
 12. COORDINATION 05
12.1 Definition of coordination and incoordination
12.2 Causes of incoordination
12.3 Coordination tests – Equilibrium and non-equilibrium
12.4 Principles and techniques of application of Frenkel’s exercises
13. FUNCTIONAL EXERCISE 03
13.1 Significance of incorporation of functionality to exercises
13.2 Mat activities
13.3 Functional progression of exercise from lying to walking
14. POSTURAL DRAINAGE 03
15. RELAXATION TECHNIQUES 03
Definition of muscle tone, fatigue, postural tone, physical and
15.1
psychological stress
15.2 Indications for relaxation
Principles and application of different General and Local relaxation
15.3
techniques
16. EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 12
Energy currency, synthesis and utilization of Adenosine Tri
15.1
Phosphate (ATP)
Immediate, Short term and Long term energy systems –
15.2
mechanisms
15.3 Physiological effects of exercise on various systems of the body

Recommended Books:

1. Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques – Carolyn Kisner

2. Maitland's Peripheral Manipulation: Management of Neuromusculoskeletal

Disorders - Elly Hengeveld Kevin Banks

3. Manual Mobilization of the Joints: The Kaltenborn Method of Joint

Examination and Treatment : The Extremities - Freddy M. Kaltenborn, Olaf
Evjenth, Traudi Baldauf Kaltenborn, Dennis Morgan, Eileen Vollowitz

4. The Mulligan Concept of Manual Therapy: Textbook of Techniques – Wayne

Hing, Toby Hall, Darren Rivett, Bill Vicenzino, Brian Mulligan

5. Daniels and Worthingham’s Muscle Testing: Techniques of Manual

Examination - Hislop, H.J. and Montgomery, J.

6. Muscles: Testing and Function, with Posture and Pain – Florence Kendall,
Elizabeth Kendall McCreary
53
 7. PNF in Practice - An Illustrated Guide - Adler, Susan, Beckers, Dominiek,
Buck, Math

8. Stretching Anatomy – Arnld Nelson, Jouko Kokkonen

9. The Science and Physiology of Flexibility and Stretching - David G. Behm

10. Stretching for Functional Flexibility - Phil Armiger, Michael A. Martyn

11. Therapeutic Stretching Hands-On Guides for Therapists - Jane Johnson

12. Essentials of Exercise Physiology - Victor L. Katch, William D. McArdle, Frank I. Katch

13. Physiology of Sport and Exercise - W. Larry Kenney, Jack H. Wilmore, David L. Costill

14. Exercise Physiology - Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance – Scott K.
Powers, Edward T. Howley

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

PRACTICAL (150 Hours)

1. Practical skillful application of techniques of

2. Different types of mobilization techniques

3. Mechanical and manual traction techniques

4. Muscle length testing procedures

5. Stretching of various muscles of upper, lower limb, neck and trunk

6. Manual muscle testing procedures for various muscles of upper, lower limb, neck and trunk

7. Different types of resisted exercise techniques including Plyometrics

54
 8. Diagonal patterns of PNF for Upper, lower limb, trunk and head and neck

9. Specific techniques of emphasis in PNF – Stretching and strengthening

10. Basic aerobic testing procedures and aerobic exercises

11. Observational assessment of Posture

12. Balance and coordination testing

13. Balance and coordination exercises

PRACTICAL EXAM FORMAT

1. Demonstration of techniques of application of any two of the following: (40 marks)

i. Mobilization techniques

ii. Mechanical and manual traction techniques

iii. Muscle length testing of any one of the muscles

iv. Stretching of any one of the muscles

v. Manual muscle testing of any one of the muscles

vi. Resisted exercise technique

vii. Techniques of PNF for upper or lower limb or head or neck or trunk

viii. Any one of the techniques of emphasis in PNF

ix. Observational postural analysis

2. Demonstration of techniques of application of any two of the following: (20 marks)

i. Any one of the types of resisted exercise techniques

ii. Testing of balance and coordination

iii. Exercises for balance and coordination

3. Viva on basic biomechanics, principles, indications and contra indications of various

techniques covered in the syllabus (15 marks)

4. Journal of Exercise Therapy - II (5 marks)

55
 Paper IV: ELECTROTHERAPY

Subject Code: PT0204

Theory: 150 Hrs Practical: 200 Hrs

Method of Assessment: Written, Practical and Oral

Course Description: The student will learn the principles, techniques and effects, indication,
contra- Indication and the dosage parameter for various electro therapeutic modalities in the
restoration of physical function. In addition they will learn the physiological effects and
therapeutic uses of various topical pharmacotherapeutic agents to be used for the application of
therapeutic effects along with electrotherapy modalities.

Sr. No Description of topics Hours

1. INTRODUCTION 10
Action Potential, Resting membrane potential, Propagation of Action
Potential, Motor unit, Synapse, Accommodation, Stimulation of
1.1 Healthy Muscle, Stimulation of Denervated Muscle, Stimulation for Tissue
Repair
Types of currents – Alternating, Direct; Low, medium and high frequency;
1.2 their therapeutic effects
1.3 Modified Direct and alternating currents used in therapy
1.4 Basic introduction to Pain – Types, pathway, theories and modulation
2. LOW FREQUENCY CURRENTS 20
Sinusoidal currents, Anodal-Cathodal Galvanism, Neuromuscular Electrical
2.1
Stimulation
Faradic current – Definition, physiological and therapeutic effects,
2.2 indications, contraindications and techniques of application in
neuromuscular stimulation
Galvanic current - Definition, physiological and therapeutic effects,
2.3 indications, contraindications and techniques of application in neuromuscular
stimulation
2.4 Didynamic current – Definition, therapeutic effects and application
High Voltage Pulsed Galvanic Stimulation (HVPGS) - Definition,
2.5
therapeutic effects and application
Iontophoresis - Definition, Principles, Techniques of application, Ions
2.6 commonly used in iontophoresis and their clinical indication, Physiological
effect & Therapeutic effects, Dosage, Dangers & Contraindications
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) – Definition,
2.7 types, physiological and therapeutic effects, indications, contraindications
and techniques of application

56
3. MEDIUM FREQUENCY CURRENTS 20
Interferential Currents (IFC) - Definition , Production of interferential current,
3.1 Types ( Static & Dynamic) ,Parameters, Indications &
Contraindications, Physiological & therapeutic effects, Dangers & Precautions
3.2 Russian Currents & Rebox Currents
4. HIGH FREQUENCY CURRENTS 20
Short Wave Diathermy (SWD) - Definition of Short wave, Frequency
4.1
and Wavelength, mechanism of production of SWD
4.2 Types of electrodes, principles of placement and spacing of electrodes
Indications, contraindications, dangers, precautions, physiological and
4.3
therapeutic effects
4.4 Various methods of application in various conditions and Tuning
Pulsed Short Wave Diathermy - Definition, characteristics & mechanism of
4.5 production, methods of application, Indications, contraindications, dangers,
precautions, physiological and therapeutic effects
Micro Wave Diathermy (MWD) - Definition, characteristics & mechanism of
4.6 production, methods of application, Indications, contraindications, dangers,
precautions, physiological and therapeutic effects
Long Wave Diathermy (LWD) - Definition, characteristics & mechanism of
4.7 production, methods of application, Indications, contraindications, dangers,
precautions, physiological and therapeutic effects
5. ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM 15
Physical properties of electromagnetic radiations reflection, refraction,
5.1
absorption, penetration
Infrared Rays (IRR) - Definition, Production of Infra-Red rays, types of
generators - luminous and non-luminous generators; Method of application,
5.2
Parameter - Penetration, Duration and Frequency of treatment; Indications,
contraindications, dangers, precautions, physiological and therapeutic effects
6. ULTRA VIOLET RAYS (UVR) 05
Definition, Production of UVR, Types of UVR - Mercury vapour lamps
6.1 (Kromayer lamp), Fluorescent tubes (Alpine sun lamp), Theraktin tunnel and
PUVA apparatus
6.2 Test dosage and its calculations, Filters, sensitizers
Method of application in various conditions. Parameters - Penetration,
6.3 Absorption, Duration and Frequency of treatment; Indications,
contraindications, dangers, precautions, physiological and therapeutic effects
7. LASER 07
Definition, characteristics & mechanism of production, Types of
7.1
LASER
Method of application. Parameters - Penetration, Duration and Frequency of
7.2 treatment; Indications, contraindications, dangers, precautions, physiological
and therapeutic effects
8. ULTRASOUND 10
8.1 Definition, characteristics & mechanism of production
8.2 Coupling media, Various methods of application

57
 8.3 Mode, Intensity, Duration and Frequency of treatment
Physiological effects and therapeutic effects – Thermal and non- thermal
8.4
effects
Indications, contraindications, dangers, precautions, physiological and
8.5
therapeutic effects
8.6 Phonophoresis & its implications
9. CRYOTHERAPY 08
9.1 Physiological and therapeutic effects of cold, heat versus cold
Different techniques of application, Indications, contraindications,
9.2
dangers and precautions
Contrast Bath - Methods of application, Therapeutic uses, Indications &
9.3
Contraindications
10. WAX THERAPY 08
Principles & Composition of Wax Bath Therapy unit, Various
10.1
methods of application
Indications, contraindications, dangers, precautions, physiological and
10.2
therapeutic effects
11. MOIST HEAT THERAPY (HYDRO COLLATOR PACKS) 07
11.1 Principles, Methods of application
Indications, contraindications, dangers, precautions, physiological and
11.2
therapeutic effects
12. ELECTRODIAGNOSIS 20
Faradic Galvanic (FG) test, Strength Duration (SD) curve, Nerve Conduction
12.1
Studies (NCS), Electromyography (EMG)
12.2 Chronaxie and Rheobase
Biofeedback – Physiological Principles, different methods of
12.3
application, indications and contraindications

Recommended Books:

1. Clayton’s Electrotherapy: Theory and Practice – Froster, A. and Palastanga, N.

2. Electrotherapy Explained: Principles and Practice – Val Robertson, Alex Ward, John Low,
Ann Reed

3. Clinical Electrotherapy – Roger M. Nelson, Dean P. Currier, Karen W. Hayes

4. Physical Agents in Rehabilitation – Michelle Cameron

5. Thermal Agents in Rehabilitation – Susan L. Michlovitz

6. Basis of Electrotherapy – Subhash Khatri

7. Fundamentals of Electrotherapy & Biomedical Physics – Ashish Kakkad

58
 8. Evidence-Based Guide to Therapeutic Physical Agents – Alain Yvan Belanger

9. Electrotherapy: Evidence-Based Practice – Sheila Kitchen

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

PRACTICAL (200 Hours)

1. Identification of basic electrical components in electrotherapeutic equipment.

2. Demonstration and practice of use of electrotherapy modalities applying the principles of

electrotherapy with proper techniques, choice of dosage parameters and safety precautions.

3. Demonstration and practice of evaluation of patient’s condition common to electrotherapy

techniques, reading of medical records, identifying indications and contraindications for
electrotherapy.

4. Significance and explanation of Performa used in Electrotherapy

5. Patient reception, explanation of importance of electrotherapy in his/her condition

6. Collection of apparatus and accessories used for treatment

7. Demonstration of placement of electrodes/leads

8. Motor point identification and stimulation of individual muscle and group muscle

9. Faradic foot bath, Faradism under pressure.

10. Plotting Strength Duration (SD) graph, diagnosis using electro diagnostic test – Faradic
Galvanic (FG) test and SD curve, Measuring Chronaxie and Rheobase

59
11. Placement of electrodes in TENS & IFT for various indications

12. Demonstration and practice of treatment techniques using SWD, Pulsed Short Wave
Diathermy, Microwave diathermy and Long Wave Diathermy.

13. Demonstration and practice of treatment techniques using IRR

14. Demonstration and practice of technique of UVR exposure for various conditions, Calculation
of test dose

15. Demonstration and practice of technique of application of LASER

16. Demonstration and practice of application of Ultrasound for different regions using various
methods of application

17. Demonstration and practice of application of cryotherapy using various methods

18. Demonstration and practice of application of contrast bath

19. Demonstration and practice of application of wax bath using various methods

20. Demonstration and practice of application of Hydrocollator packs

21. Demonstration of Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS) and Elecctromyography (EMG)

22. Demonstration of Biofeedback techniques used in diagnosis and therapy

PRACTICAL EXAM FORMAT

1. Demonstration of techniques of application of any two of the following: (40 marks)

i. Identification and stimulation of motor points of individual or group

muscles

ii. Faradism under pressure

iii. Faradic Foot bath

iv. Plotting Strength Duration (SD) graph with Chronaxie and

Rheobase calculations

v. Electrode placements of TENS, IFT for various conditions

vi. Electrode placements of SWD for various conditions

60
 vii. Application of Ultra sound for various conditions

2. Demonstration of techniques of application of any two of the following: (20 marks)

i. Application of IRR for various conditions

ii. Calculation of test dose and application of UVR in specific

conditions

iii. Application of LASER in specific conditions

iv. Application of cryotherapy using various methods

v. Application of contrast bath

vi. Application of wax bath using various methods

vii. Application of Hydrocollator packs

3. Viva on basic Physical principles of electrotherapy, indications and contra indications of

various techniques covered in the syllabus (15 marks)

4. Journal of Electro Therapy (5 marks)

61
 Paper V: KINESIOLOGY & BIOMECHANICS

Subject Code: PT0205

Theory: 150 Hrs

Method of Assessment: Written

Course Description: Students will learn the concepts and mechanical principles that form the
basic to human movement. At the end of this course, they will be able to describe the Biophysical
properties of connective tissue, & effect of mechanical loading, & factors which influence the
Muscle strength, & mobility& stability of articular & periarticular soft tissues. It will supplement
the knowledge of anatomy and enable the student to have a better understanding of the principles of
biomechanics and their application in musculoskeletal function and dysfunction.

Sr. No Description of topics Hours

PART – I: BASICS OF BIOMECHANICS AND KINESIOLOGY
1. INTRODUCTION 05
Revision of basic biomechanics: Kinetics, Kinematics and other
1.1 principles, Osteokinematics and Arthrokinematics, Young’s Modulus,
Stress-Strain curve, Creep properties of viscoelastic tissues
2. HUMAN SKELETAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 08
Composition and structure of bone, biomechanical properties of bone,
2.1
response of bone to stress, pathomechanics of bone damage
Composition and structure of articular cartilage, biomechanical properties of
2.2 articular cartilage, lubrication of articular cartilage, response of articular
cartilage to stress, pathomechanics of articular cartilage damage
2.3 Classification of Joints, their structure and functions
3. SKELETAL MUSCLE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 08
Composition and structure of skeletal muscles, mechanics of muscle
3.1 contraction, muscle fiber types and differentiation, Behavioral properties of
musculotendinous unit – Extensibility, Elasticity and irritability
Factors affecting muscular force generation: Length – Tension
3.2
relationship, Force – Velocity relationship, Stretch – Shortening cycle
3.3 Pathomechanics of muscle damage and injuries
4. BIOMECHANICS OF TENDONS, LIGAMENTS AND NERVES 06
Composition, structure and biomechanical properties of tendons, ligaments
and nerves.
4.1
Response of tendons, ligaments and nerves to stress, pathomechanics of
tendon, ligament and nerve injury

62
 PART – II: BIOMECHANICS OF UPPER EXTREMITY
5. BIOMECHANICS OF SHOULDER COMPLEX 15
Structure and functions of joints of the shoulder complex: Sternoclavicular
joint, Acromioclavicular joint, Coracoclavicular joint, Glenohumeral joint,
5.1
Scapulothoracic joint. Ligaments, bursae and their functions in stability and
mobility of shoulder complex.
Mechanics and pathomechanics of muscle activity at the Shoulder
5.2
Complex
Analysis of forces on the shoulder complex during movements and
5.3
activity.
6. BIOMECHANICS OF ELBOW UNIT 10
Structure and functions of Elbow joint: Humeroradial joint, Humeroulnar
6.1 joint and Superior Radioulnar joint. Ligaments, capsule, bursae and their
functions in stability and mobility of elbow joint.
6.2 Mechanics and pathomechanics of muscle activity at the Elbow joint
6.3 Analysis of forces on the Elbow joint during movements and activity.
7. BIOMECHANICS OF WRIST AND HAND UNIT 10
Structure and functions of wrist and hand joints: Inferior Radioulnar joint,
wrist joint, intercarpal joints, carpometacarpal joints, metacarpophalangeal
7.1 joints and interphalangeal joints. Ligaments and their functions in stability
and mobility of wrist and hand.
7.2 Mechanics and pathomechanics of muscle activity at the forearm
7.3 Analysis of forces on the wrist joint during movements and activity.
7.4 Mechanics and pathomechanics of intrinsic muscles of the hand
7.5 Analysis of forces of pinch and grasp activity
PART – III: BIOMECHANICS OF HEAD AND SPINE
8. BIOMECHANICS OF HEAD AND FACE UNIT 08
8.1 Mechanics and pathomechanics of muscle activity at the face, eyes
8.2 Structure and functions of temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
8.3 Mechanics and pathomechanics of muscle activity at the TMJ
8.4 Analysis of forces on the TMJ during movements and activity
9. BIOMECHANICS OF HEAD SPINE UNIT 15
Structure and functions of spinal column: Cervical, thoracic, lumbar,
9.1 sacral and coccygeal vertebrae. Intervertebral discs, ligaments and their
functions in stability and mobility of spine.
9.2 Mechanics and pathomechanics of cervical spine and its muscles
9.3 Analysis of forces on the cervical spine during movements and activity
Mechanics and pathomechanics of thoracic spine and its muscles
9.4 including Respiratory mechanics
9.5 Analysis of forces on the thoracic spine during movements and activity
9.6 Mechanics and pathomechanics of lumbar and sacral spine and its muscles

63
 Analysis of forces on the lumbosacral spine during movements and
9.7
activity
Significance of integrated function of Lumbo - Pelvic – Hip (LPH)
9.8
complex
PART – IV: BIOMECHANICS OF LOWER EXTREMITY
10. BIOMECHANICS OF HIP AND PELVIS COMPLEX 15
Structure and functions of joints of the pelvis and hip. Ligaments, capsule,
10.1 bursae and their functions in stability and mobility of hip and
pelvis complex.
Mechanics and pathomechanics of muscle activity at the hip and
10.2
pelvis complex
Analysis of forces on the hip and pelvis complex during movements
10.3
and activity.
11. BIOMECHANICS OF KNEE COMPLEX 15
Structure and functions of joints of the Knee: Medial and Lateral
tibiofemoral, Patellofemoral joints and superior tibiofibular joint. Menisci,
11.1
Ligaments, Capsule, bursae and their functions in stability and mobility of
knee complex.
Mechanics and pathomechanics of muscle activity at the knee
11.2
complex
Analysis of forces on the knee complex during movements and
11.3
activity.
12. BIOMECHANICS OF ANKLE AND FOOT COMPLEX 10
Structure and functions of joints of the ankle and Foot: Inferior tibiofibular
joint, Talocrural joint, subtalar joint, Intertarsal joints, Tarsometatarsal joints,
12.1 metatarsophalangeal joints and interphalangeal
joints. Ligaments and their functions in stability and mobility of ankle and
foot complex.
Mechanics and pathomechanics of muscle activity at the ankle and
12.2
foot complex
Analysis of forces on the ankle and foot complex during movements and
12.3
activity.
12.4 Structure and function of plantar arches
PART – V: BIOMECHANICS OF POSTURE AND GAIT
13. POSTURE 10
Definition of posture, Characteristics of optimal posture, factors affecting
13.1
optimal posture and common postural abnormalities
13.2 Observational and Objective methods to analyze posture
14. GAIT 15
Definition of Gait, functional goal of Gait: Weight Acceptance, Single limb
14.1
support and limb advancement
Gait Cycle, Phases of Gait, Terminologies used in Gait cycle:
14.2
Traditional and Ranchos Los Amigos (RLA)

64
 Temporal and Spatial parameters of gait, physiological determinants
14.3
of gait.
Characteristics of optimal gait: Kinetics and Kinematics of Gait –
14.4 Joint kinematics, muscle activation during gait and Ground Reaction Forces
(GRF).
Factors influencing optimal gait. Pathological Gait: Mechanisms,
14.5
deviations and effect of the deviations on different joints
Gait Assessment and Analysis: Observational Gait Analysis (OGA),
14.6
Instrumented Gait Analysis and its clinical application

Recommended Books:

1. Joint Structure and Function: A Comprehensive Analysis - Pamela K Levangie, Cynthia C

Norkin

2. Essentials of kinesiology for the Physical Therapist Assistant - Paul Jackson Mansfield,
Donald A. Neumann

3. Clinical Kinesiology and Anatomy - Lynn S. Lippert

4. Kinesiology: The Mechanics and Pathomechanics of Human Movement - Carol A. Oatis

5. Measurement for Evaluation in Kinesiology - Ted A. Baumgartner, Andrew S. Jackson,

Matthew T. Mahar, David A. Rowe

6. Biomechanics: Principles and Application – Donald R. Peterson, Joseph D. Bronzino

7. Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement - Joseph Hamill, Kathleen M. Knutzen

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

65
 NON-EXAM PAPERS

A. ENT & DERMATOLOGY CONDITIONS

Course Description: This course is designed to help the student acquire the basic knowledge on the
clinical presentation, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, clinical examination and
management of common conditions of skin and Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT)

Sr. No Description of topics Hours

1. Anatomy and Physiology of Ear, Nose and Throat 4
Focused learning on Otitis media, Facial palsy, Sinusitis and nasal
2. 4
septal defects
Common pharmacological and surgical management of ENT
3. 4
conditions
4. Tracheostomy procedures and role of Physiotherapy 4
5. Hearing loss as a disability and Hearing Aids 3
6. Anatomy and Physiology of Integumentary system 4
7. Skin Infections: Fungal, Bacterial and viral. 4
Physiotherapeutic interventions in conditions affecting the integumentary
8. 3
system

B. BASIC NURSING

Course Description: At the completion of this course, students must be able to identify the role
of nursing professionals in the healthcare management and manage situation of common
emergencies as a team with the nursing professionals.

Sr. No Description of topics Hours

1. Nursing as a profession: History of Nursing 6
2. Role of nurses in health care management system 4
Collaborative functioning of nurses with other health care
3. 4
professionals
4. Nurses as bed side care providers 4
5. Nutrition and its significance to nurses 4
6. Nurses in emergency care 4
7. Nurses in ICU 4

66
 SUPERVISED CLINICAL OBSERVATION
Total Hours: 140

Students will be posted in rotation in the following areas/wards. The students will be assisting
physiotherapists to provide physiotherapy care for the patients.

1. General Physiotherapy OPD

2. Exercise Therapy Department

3. Electrotherapy Department

67
THIRD YEAR BPT

68
 Paper I: SECTION – I: GENERAL MEDICINE

Subject Code: PT0301A

Theory: 50 Hours

Method of Assessment: Written

Course Description: This module will focus on etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation
and management of various medical conditions involving the cardio vascular, respiratory,
pulmonary, metabolic and general infections enabling the learner to acquire skills to identify the
conditions with appropriate history and clinical examination. Students will also learn the
pharmacological management of these medical conditions, its effects on various symptoms and its
use during therapy.

Sr. No Description of topics Hours

1. CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 18
Definition, Classification, Manifestation, general principles of
1.1
diagnosis and management of Hypertension
Definition, Manifestation, general principles of diagnosis and
management of cardiac conditions – Ischemic Heart Disease, Rheumatic
1.2
Heart Disease, Myocardial Infarction, Angina Pectoris, Heart Failure,
Infective Endocarditis, Cardiomyopathy
Definition, Manifestation, general principles of diagnosis and
1.3
management of valvular heart disease – Congenital and Acquired
Investigations used in Cardiovascular conditions – Basics of ECG (normal
1.4
and abnormal), Stress testing
ICU – Instrumentation including ventilation setting and monitoring,
1.5
Assessment, monitoring and management in ICU
2. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 14
Definition, Manifestation, general principles of diagnosis and
2.1 management of common respiratory infections – Tuberculosis,
pneumonia, bronchitis, lung abscess
Definition, Manifestation, general principles of diagnosis and
2.2 management of Obstructive and restrictive lung diseases – Chronic
Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis
Definition, Manifestation, general principles of diagnosis and
2.3 management of pleural diseases – Pleural effusion, Pneumothorax,
Hydropneumothorax, Emphysema
Definition, classification, Manifestation, general principles of diagnosis
2.4
and management of chest wall deformities
Definition, Manifestation, general principles of diagnosis and
2.5
management of Occupational lung diseases

69
 Investigations used in respiratory and pulmonary conditions – Chest
2.6
X-ray, Blood Gas Analysis, Pulmonary Function testing (PFT)
3. METABOLIC AND ENDOCRINE MEDICINE 08
Definition, classification, Manifestation, general principles of
3.1
diagnosis and management of Diabetes mellitus
Definition, Manifestation, general principles of diagnosis and
3.2
management of Thyroid, pituitary and adrenal conditions
Definition, Manifestation, general principles of diagnosis and
3.3
management of Obesity
Definition, Manifestation, general principles of diagnosis and
3.4
management of Nutrition Deficiency diseases
4. BONE, JOINT AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISORDERS 05
Definition, Manifestation, general principles of diagnosis and
4.1
management of Arthritis (Rheumatoid and Osteo)
Definition, Manifestation, general principles of diagnosis and
4.2 management of Gout, Systemic Lupus Erythmatosis and
Polymyositis
5. DISORDERS OF BLOOD 05
Definition, classification, Manifestation, general principles of diagnosis
5.1
and management of Anemia
Definition, classification, Manifestation, general principles of diagnosis
5.2
and management of Hemophilia

Recommended Books:

1. Davidson’s Principles and practice of Medicine – Stuart H Ralston, Ian D Penman,

Mark W J Strachan, Richard P Hobson

2. Harrison’s Manual of Medicine – Dennis L Kasper, Eugene Braunwald, Anthony S

Fauci, Stephen L Hauser, Dan L Longo, J Larry Jameson

3. Hutchinson’s Clinical Methods: An Integrated Approach to Clinical

Practice – Michael Swash, Michael Glynn

4. Kumar and Clark’s Clinical Medicine – Parveen Kumar, Michael Clark

70
 Paper I: SECTION – II: PEDIATRICS

Subject Code: PT0301B

Theory: 30 Hours

Method of Assessment: Written

Course Description: This module will focus on etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation
and management of various pediatrics conditions and students will acquire skills to identify and
describe normal development and growth of a child, significance and importance of immunization
and psychological aspects of development. It also will enable the learner to acquire skills of clinical
examination of a neonate with respect to various physiological functions.

Sr. No Description of topics Hours

1. NORMAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 03
1.1 Normal motor, sensory, mental, social and language development
2. PRENATAL, NEONATAL AND POSTNATAL 03
2.1 High Risk Pregnancy – maternal and neonatal factors
2.2 Maternal infections
2.3 Pregnancy induced hypertension and other chronic maternal diseases
IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMMES FOR NEWBORN &
3. 03
CHILDREN
3.1 WHO specified vaccinations
4. NUTRITION FOR NEWBORN 07
4.1 Nutritional requirements, breast feeding
Malnutrition syndromes, Vitamin and mineral deficiencies in children and
4.2
their management
5. MEDICAL ISSUES IN CHILDREN 14
Definition, pathology, clinical presentation and management of Cerebral
Palsy, Poliomyelitis, Muscular Dystrophy, Rheumatic Fever, Mental
5.1
retardation, Atrial Septal Defect, Ventricular Septal Defect and Patent Ductus
Arteriosus
Definition, pathology, clinical presentation and management of
5.2
Tetanus, Diptheria, measles, chicken pox and malaria

Recommended Books:

1. Examination of the Newborn: A Practical Guide – Helen Baston, Heather Durward

2. Nelson’s Essentials of Pediatrics – Karen J Marcdante, Robert M Kleigman

3. Practical Pediatrics – M J Robinson, D M Roberton

71
 QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 50 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any Two out of Four) 10x2=20
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II: 30 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

72
 Paper II: SURGERY

Subject Code: PT0302

Theory: 80 Hours

Method of Assessment: Written

Course Description: This module will enable the students to understand the basics of types of
surgery, surgical incisions and post-surgical complications. It will also enable the learners to
identify and interpret the investigations, pre-operative and post-operative evaluation, indications
and management related to general surgery, neurosurgery, cardiothoracic surgery and
reconstructive surgeries.

Sr. No Description of topics Hours

1. WOUND AND HEALING 10

Classification of wound, basic process involved in repair, phases of
1.1 healing process, clinical management of wound, factors affecting
healing, scars and its types
2. GENERAL SURGERY 20
Anaesthesia and its types, effects, indications and contraindications,
2.1
potential complications and its management
Common surgical incisions – classification, indications, advantages and
2.2
disadvantages, complications.
Abdominal Surgeries – Brief description of incisions, complications and
2.3 management of appendisectomy, cholecystectomy, partial
colostomy, ileostomy, hernia, prostractomy, nephrectomy
Surgical Oncology – Definition, types, clinical manifestation, stages and
2.4 surgical procedures involved in the management of cancer (specific to
lungs, spine, breast, cervix and oral cavity)
2.5 Mastectomy – classification, incisions, complications and management
2.6 Tracheostomy - classification, indications, incisions and complications
Surgical management of vascular disorders, Deep vein Thrombosis,
2.7
Gangrene – classification, clinical presentation and management
3. CARDIOTHORACIC AND PULMONARY SURGERY 20
Brief description of indications, surgery and complications of
3.1
surgeries of thorax, lungs, pleura and pericardium
3.2 Brief description of clinical presentation, surgical management and
complications of various valvular and congenital heart diseases –
Ischemic heart disease, Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), Ventricular Septal
Defect (VSD) and Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

73
 Brief description of indications, surgery and complications of
peripheral arterial disorders including Deep Vein Thrombosis
3.3
(DVT), Varicose veins, Arteriosclerosis, Atherosclerosis, Buerger’s
Disease, Raynaud’s disease.
Brief description of indications, surgery and complications of
3.4
Thoracotomy, lobectomy, pneumonectomy, thoracoplasty
4. NEUROSURGERY 20
Brief description of indications and complications of neurosurgeries-
Craniotomy, Cranioplasty, Deep Brain Stimulation, Shunting
4.1
procedures, laminectomy and Rhizotomy, Thalamatomy,
Pallidotomy, Endarterectomy
Brief description of indications, surgery and complications of Intra
4.2
cranial and spinal tumours, aneurysms and AV malformation
Brief description of surgical options and management of peripheral nerve
4.3
injuries
5. RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 10
Skin grafts – Types, indications with special emphasis to burns and
5.1
wounds
5.2 Ulcers – Classification and post-operative care
5.3 Keloid and hyperkeloid scar management
5.4 Tendon transfer surgeries and their post-surgical management

Recommended Books:

1. A Manual of Clinical Surgery – S Das

2. Bailey and Love’s Short Practice of Surgery – Norman S Williams, Christopher J K

Bulstrode, P Ronan O’Connell

3. Essential Neurosurgery – Andrew H Kaye

4. Cardiothoracic Surgical procedures and techniques: A Practical Manual – J Ernesto Molina

5. Cardiac Surgery – Joseph E Fischer

6. General Thoracic Surgery – Thomas W Shields, Joseph Locicero III, Carolyn E Reed,
Richard H Feins

7. Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Deepak M Kalaskar, Peter E Butler,

Shadi Ghali

8. Reconstructive Surgery: Anatomy, Technique and Application – Glyn Evan, Michael

Zenn

74
 QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

75
 Paper III: ORTHOPEDICS & TRAUMATOLOGY

Subject Code: PT0303

Theory: 80 Hours

Method of Assessment: Written

Course Description: This module will enable the learner to understand the aetiology,
pathomechanics, clinical manifestation, conservative and surgical management of various
traumatic and non-traumatic musculoskeletal and orthopedic conditions. It will also focus on
clinical examination skills, differential diagnosis, application and interpretation of investigative
procedures related to orthopedic conditions.
Sr. No Description of topics Hours

1. INTRODUCTION 05
1.1 Orthopedic terminologies
Clinical examination of an orthopedic patient – history taking,
1.2 physical examination, differential diagnosis, investigative
procedures (Plain radiograph, CT scan, MRI) – in brief
2. TRAUMATOLOGY 40
2.1 Fractures
Definition, classification, causes and mechanisms, clinical features,
2.1.1
process of healing and repair, complications and management
Causes, types, clinical presentation, mechanism of injury,
2.1.2 complications, conservative and surgical management of Upper limb
fractures
Causes, types, clinical presentation, mechanism of injury,
2.1.3 complications, conservative and surgical management of Lower
limb fractures
Causes, types, clinical presentation, mechanism of injury,
2.1.4 complications, conservative and surgical management of Spine,
thorax and pelvic fractures
2.2 Subluxations and Dislocations
Definition, classification, causes and mechanisms, clinical features,
2.2.1
complications and management of subluxations and dislocations
Causes, types, clinical presentation, mechanism of injury,
2.2.2 complications, conservative and surgical management of shoulder,
acromioclavicular, elbow and hip subluxations and dislocations
2.3 Soft tissue Injuries
Definition, grades and differentiation of terms used in soft tissue injuries
2.3.1 – Strain, sprain, contusion, capsulitis, tendinitis, bursitis, tenosynovitis,
Fasciitis

76
 Causes, types, clinical presentation, mechanism of injury, complications,
2.3.2 conservative and surgical management of soft tissue injuries of Upper
limb
Causes, types, clinical presentation, mechanism of injury, complications,
2.3.3 conservative and surgical management of soft tissue injuries of Lower
limb
Causes, types, clinical presentation, mechanism of injury, complications,
2.3.4
conservative and surgical management of soft tissue injuries of spine
2.3.5 Crush injuries of hand and foot
2.4 Amputations
Indications for amputation, Classification, Levels of amputation of
2.4.1 Upper and Lower limb, general principles of management following
amputation
3. NON-TRAUMATOLOGY 35
3.1 Deformities and Anomalies
Definition, classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations,
complications and management of congenital and acquired deformities
3.1.1 of neck and Spine – Klippel Feil syndrome, Torticollis, Thoracic and
chest wall deformities, Hyperlordosis, Hyperkyphosis, Scoliosis, Spina
Bifida, Meningomyelocele
Definition, classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations,
complications and management of congenital and acquired deformities of
3.1.2 Upper limb – Sprengel’s shoulder, Scapular winging, Cubitus Valgus,
Cubitus Varus, Dupuytren’s contracture, Madelung’s deformity, limb
deficiencies and hand anomalies
Definition, classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations,
complications and management of congenital and acquired deformities of
Lower limb – Congenital Dislocation of Hip, Coxa Vara, Coxa Valga,
3.1.3
Genu Varum, Genu Valgum, Genu Recurvatum, Congenital Talipes
Equinovarus, Pes cavus, Pes Planus, Hallux Valgus, Hallux Rigidus,
Hammer Toe
3.2 Infective, Inflammatory and Degenerative Conditions
Definition, classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations,
complications and management of common infective conditions of
3.2.1
musculoskeletal system – Osteomyelitis, Pyogenic Arthritis,
Tuberculous Arthritis, Septic Arthritis
Definition, classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations,
complications and management of common inflammatory conditions –
3.2.2 Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis, Hemophilic Arthritis, Juvenile
Arthritis, Gouty Arthritis, Periarthritis, Capsulitis, Spondylitis,
Tendinitis, Bursitis,Tenosynovitis
Definition, classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations,
complications and management of common degenerative conditions –
Spondylosis, Spondylolysis and listhesis, Intervertebral Disc Prolapse,
Tennis Elbow and Golfer’s Elbow, Osteoarthrosis

77
 3.3 Tumors
Definition, classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations,
3.3.1 complications and management of benign and malignant tumors of
musculoskeletal system
3.4 Metabolic bone diseases
Definition, causes, clinical presentation, investigations, complications
3.4.1 and management of metabolic bone diseases- Osteomalacia,
Osteopenia, Osteoporosis, Rickets
3.5 Surgical Procedures in Orthopedics
Classification, Indications, pre-operative and post-operative management
3.5.1 of common orthopedic surgical procedures – Arthroplasties, Osteotomies,
Arthrodesis, spinal surgeries
3.6 Miscellaneous Orthopedic conditions
Causes, clinical presentation, complications, conservative and surgical
management of entrapment syndromes, compartment syndrome, IT
3.6.1
Band syndrome, Piriformis syndrome, Plica syndrome, Hoffa’s Fat Pad
syndrome
Causes, clinical presentation, complications, conservative and
3.6.2 surgical management of poliomyelitis, leprosy, Metatarsalgia,
Morton’s Neuroma, Coccydynia

Recommended Books:

1. Apley’s System of Orthopedics and Fractures – Louis Solomon, David Warwick,

Selvadurai Nayagam

2. Clinical Orthopedic Examination – Ronald McRae

3. Cyriax’s Illustrated Manual of Orthopedic Medicine – J H Cyriax, P J Cyriax

4. Taylor’s Musculoskeletal problems and injuries – Robert B Taylor

5. Turek’s Orthopedics: Principles and their application – Stuart L Weinstein, Joseph A

Buckwalter

6. Essentials of Orthopedic Surgery – Sam W Weisel, John N Delahay

7. Surgical Exposures in Orthopedics: The Anatomic Approach – Stanley Hoppenfeld, Piet de

Boer, Richard Buckley

78
 QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

79
 Paper IV: SECTION – I: NEUROLOGY

Subject Code: PT0304A

Theory: 50 Hours

Method of Assessment: Written

Course Description: This module will enable the learner to understand the aetiology,
pathomechanics, clinical manifestation, conservative and surgical management of various
neurological conditions. It will also focus on clinical examination skills, differential
diagnosis, application and interpretation of investigative procedures related to neurological
conditions.
Sr. No Description of topics Hours

1. INTRODUCTION 02
Applied neuroanatomy: of brain and spinal cord, blood supply,
1.1 connections of cerebellum and extra pyramidal tracts, relationship of spinal
nerves to spinal cord segments, cranial nerves and plexuses (in Brief)
Applied physiology: basis / disorders of tone, muscle contraction &
1.2
movement, posture, bladder and bowel control, level of lesion – in brief
2. NEUROLOGICAL ASSESSMENT 06
2.1 Principles of clinical examination, diagnosis and differential diagnosis
Assessment of higher mental function, cranial nerves, motor and sensory
system, tone, cerebellar function
2.2 Investigative procedures in neurological conditions (in brief)
3. DISORDERS OF BRAIN 15
Cerebrovascular accidents - Definition, classification, causes, clinical
3.1 presentation, investigations, complications, medical and surgical
management
Traumatic Head injury – classification, causes, clinical presentation,
3.2 investigations, complications, medical and surgical management; Brief
description on coma.
Extrapyramidal lesions – classification based on region involved, causes,
clinical presentation, investigations, complications, medical and surgical
3.3
management of Parkinson’s disease, Parkinsonism, Chorea, Athetosis,
Dystonia, Hemiballismus
Cerebellar Dysfunction – classification, causes, clinical presentation,
3.4
investigations, complications, medical and surgical management
3.5 Cranial Nerve lesions – causes, clinical presentation, investigations,
complications, medical and surgical management

80
 Brain Tumors – classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations,
3.6
complications, medical and surgical management
4. DISORDERS OF SPINAL CORD 07
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury – classification based on level of lesion,
4.1 causes, clinical presentation, investigations, complications, medical and
surgical management
Spinal Tumors – classification, causes, clinical presentation,
4.2
investigations, complications, medical and surgical management
Classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations,
complications, medical and surgical management of Transverse
4.3
Myelitis, Sub acute combined degeneration of cord, Conus
Medullaris syndrome, Syringomyelia and Spina Bifida
5. PERIPHERAL NERVE LESIONS 08
Classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations, complications,
5.1 medical and surgical management of peripheral nerve injuries of Upper
and Lower extremities
Classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations, complications,
5.2 medical and surgical management of Entrapment or compression
neuropathies of Upper and Lower extremities
Classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations, complications,
5.3
medical and surgical management of Polyneuropathy
Causes, clinical presentation, investigations, complications, medical and
5.4
surgical management of Plexopathies – Brachial and Lumbosacral
Classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations, complications,
5.5 medical and surgical management of radiculopathies of Upper and Lower
extremities
6. DEMYELINATING AND INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS 03
Classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations, complications,
medical and surgical management of Acute Disseminated
6.1
Encephalomyelitis, Multiple Sclerosis, Guillian Barre Syndrome,
Encephalitis, Meningitis, Poliomyelitis, Tabes Dorsalis
7. NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS 03
Classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations, complications,
7.1 medical and surgical management of Progressive Muscular Dystrophy,
Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Myopathies, Motor Neuron Disease
8. NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION DISORDERS 02
Classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations, complications,
8.1 medical and surgical management of Myasthenia Gravis, Eaton-Lambert
syndrome

81
 9. CHILDHOOD NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS 04
Classification, causes, clinical presentation, investigations, complications,
9.1 medical and surgical management of Cerebral Palsy, Down’s syndrome,
Autism, Hydrocephalus, Epilepsy

Recommended Books:

1. Adams and Victor’s Principles of Neurology – Allan H Ropper, Robert H Brown

2. Bickerstaff’s Neurological Examination in Clinical Practice – Kameshwar

Prasad, John Spillane, Ravi Yadav

3. Brian’s Disease of the Nervous System – Michael Donaghy

4. Clinical Neurology – Michael J Aminoff, David A Greenberg, Roger P Simon

5. Color Atlas of Neuroscience: Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology

– Ben Greenstein, Adam Greenstein

6. Harrison’s Neurology in Clinical Medicine – Stephen L Hauser

7. Movement Disorders in Clinical Practice – K Ray Chaudhari, Willian G Ondo

8. Neurology and Neurosurgery Illustrated – Kenneth W Lindsay, Ian

Bone, Robin Callander

9. A Color Handbook: Pediatric Neurology – James F Bale Jr., Joshua L

Bonkowsky, Francis M Filloux, Gary L Hedlund, Denise M Nielsen,
Paul D Larsen

10. Textbook of Traumatic Brain Injury – Jonathan M Silver, Thomas W

McAllister, Stuart V Yudofsky

82
 Paper IV: SECTION – II: OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Subject Code: PT0304B

Theory: 30 Hours

Method of Assessment: Written

Course Description: This module will focus on the basic principles of etiology, pathophysiology,
clinical examination, investigation, diagnosis, management and prognosis of various medical
conditions involving the female reproductive system. It will cover normal and abnormal
physiological events related to puberty, pregnancy and menopause and clinical examination related
to it.
Sr. No Description of topics Hours
1. GYNECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS 12
Physiology of puberty and menstruation, hormonal regulation of
1.1
menstruation
Classification of menstrual abnormalities, clinical presentation,
1.2
diagnosis and management
Classification, causes, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management
1.3 of Urogenital dysfunctions - Uterine prolapse, Cystocele, Rectocele,
Enterocele, Urethrocele
Indications, principles, pre and post-surgical management of common
1.4 gynecological surgeries – Pelvic floor repairs, Hysterectomy,
Hysterosalphingography
Causes, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of pelvic
1.5 inflammatory diseases
Physiology, complications and management of pre, peri and post-
1.6
menopausal symptoms
2. PREGNANCY AND LABOR 18
Diagnosis of pregnancy, Development of fetus, physiological
2.1 changes during pregnancy, prenatal complications, diagnosis and
management
High risk pregnancy, Eclampsia, Diabetes Mellitus, Anaemia –
2.2
diagnosis and management
2.3 Stages and events of normal labor
Types of Surgical procedures of labor, post-operative care – Assisted
2.4
Delivery, Episiotomy, Forceps delivery, Caeserian section
2.5 Complications during labor and its management
Postnatal complications and its management, Puerperium and lactation,
2.6
complications of multiple or repeated child bearing
Medical termination of pregnancy – types, complications and
2.7
management

83
Recommended Books:
1. A Guide to Effective care in Pregnancy and Childbirth – Murray Enkin, Marc J N C
Keirse, James Neilson, Caroline Crowther, Leila Duley, Ellen Hodnett, Justus
Hofmeyr

2. DC Dutta’s Textbook of Gynecology – Hiralal Konar

3. DC Dutta’s Textbook of Obstetrics – Hiralal Konar

4. Dewhurst’s Textbook of Obstetrics and Gynaecology – Keith D Edmonds

5. Howkins & Bourne Shaw’s Textbook of Gynaecology – Sunesh Kumar,

VG Padubidri, Shirish N Daftary

6. Obstetrics for Undergraduates – Parimala Devi

7. Practical Obstetrics and Gynaecology Handbook for the General Practitioner – Tan
Thiam Chye, Tan Kim Teng, Tay Eng Hseon

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 50 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any Two out of Four) 10x2=20
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II: 30 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

84
 Paper V: PHYSICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DIAGNOSIS

Subject Code: PT0305

Theory: 100 Hours Practical: 100 Hrs

Method of Assessment: Written, Practical and Oral

Course Description: This module will enable the students to understand assessment and
evaluation, its significance in diagnosis, both physical and functional. It will be an integration of
clinical knowledge to physiotherapy specialty, gained in medical and surgical subjects and thereby
students can apply this knowledge to diagnose conditions and plan treatment goals based on the
physical and functional diagnoses.
Sr. No Description of topics Hours
1. INTRODUCTION 3
Definition of Assessment and Evaluation, Diagnosis and differential
1.1
diagnosis
1.2 Definition of physical diagnosis and functional diagnosis
2. ASSESSMENT FORMATS 12
SOAP format in general and specific to various specialized areas of
2.1 disorders – Musculoskeletal, neurological, cardiorespiratory, sports,
pediatrics, geriatrics, women’s health
Functional examination- scale and its interpretation, importance of
2.2 reliability & validity in different types of scales, Patient Reported
Outcome Measures and Performance Based Outcome Measures
2.3 Functional Diagnosis using ICIDH-2, ICF
3. DIAGNOSTIC AND INVESTIGATIVE PROCEDURES 5
Principles of use, Interpretation and limitations of common investigative
procedures used in diagnosis – Radiograph, CT Scan, MRI, ECG, PFT,
3.1 ABG, Spirometry, Electrodiagnosis including FG test, SD curve, Nerve
Conduction Studies, EMG, H and F Reflex, Diagnostic Biofeedback – in
Brief
4. PAIN ASSESSMENT 5
Definition, characteristics, types of pain including CRPS I & II, and
4.1
mechanism of pain and pain modulation
4.2 Subjective and objective methods and tools to evaluate pain
5. MUSCULOSKELETAL ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION 20
Postural Assessment - Common methods and tools used and its
5.1
interpretation
Gait Assessment - Components of Gait cycle, observational gait
analysis, Temporospatial measures of Gait and its measurements, Self-
reported and Performance based measures of Gait Assessment,
5.2
Instrumented Gait Analysis, different components used and its
interpretation, Pathological gait patterns in common
Neuromusculoskeletal conditions, its presentation and assessment

85
 Motor Examination - Assessment and Evaluation of tone, reflexes (Deep
Tendon), Assessment and Evaluation of Joint mobility (ROM) –
Passive, Active, Resisted and Isometric, End feel, Assessment and
5.3 Evaluation of Muscle power and strength, different methods used to
assess muscle strength and power, Muscle Length Testing, Limb length
measurement, measurement of various angles specific to upper limb,
lower limb and spine
Special Tests - Commonly used special tests for upper, lower limb and
5.4
spine, Brief summary of Sensitivity and specificity of special tests
6. NEUROLOGICAL ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION 20
Sensory Examination – Dermatomal assessment, Assessment and
6.1 Evaluation of superficial, deep and cortical sensation specific to common
pathological conditions
Assessment and Evaluation of reflexes – superficial, primitive neonatal,
6.2
cortical
Assessment and Evaluation of higher mental function–Level of
6.3 consciousness, cognitive function including memory and attention, speech
and language, cortical functions
Assessment and Evaluation of Cerebellar dysfunction including
6.4
coordination and balance testing
6.5 Assessment and Evaluation of movement disorders
6.6 Cranial nerve examination
Assessment and Evaluation of peripheral nerve injury and
6.7
impairment
6.8 Assessment and Evaluation of autonomic and bladder dysfunctions
CARDIOPULMONARY & RESPIRATORY ASSESSMENT AND
7. 20
EVALUATION
7.1 Measurement of vitals (Heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate)
Interpretation of Cough and sputum examination, Arterial Blood
7.2
Gas Analysis
7.3 Interpretation of heart sounds, breath sounds and breathing patterns
Chest expansion measurements and assessment of symmetry of chest
7.4
movement
Assessment and Evaluation of Dyspnea, Rate of Perceived
7.5
Exertion
Functional capacity Evaluation – Submaximal and maximal
7.6
exercise testing protocols
7.7 Pulmonary Function Testing (PFT) and Spirometry
8. SPORTS AND FITNESS ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION 15
Brief introduction - On field and laboratory assessment and
8.1
evaluation and preparticipation evaluation
Anthropometric measures in assessment of fitness including body
8.2
composition

86
 Assessment and Evaluation of Aerobic capacity, Anaerobic capacity,
8.3
Flexibility, muscle strength and power in Sports and Fitness
8.4 Brief introduction to performance testing in sports

Recommended Books:

1. Assessment in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation: Views and perspectives – Michel

Barat, Franco Franchignoni

2. Clinical Tests for the Musculoskeletal System Examinations: Signs, Phenomena –

Klaus Buckup

3. Orthopedic Physical Assessment Atlas and Video: Selected Special

Tests and Movements – David J Maggie, Derrick Sueki

4. Diagnosis for Physical Therapists: A Symptom-Based Approach – Todd E

Davenport, Kornelia Kulig, Chris Sebelski, James Gordon, Hugh G Watts

5. Differential Diagnosis for Physical Therapists: Screening for Referral –

Catherine Cavallaro Goodman, Teresa E. Kelly Snyder

6. Dutton’s Orthopaedic Examination, Evaluation and Intervention – Mark Dutton

7. Evaluation of Joint Motion: Methods of Measurement and Recording – Dortha Esch,

Marvin Lepley

8. Goniometry and Manual Muscle Testing: A Handbook for Students and Clinicians –
Lynn Van

9. Handbook of Pain Assessment – Dennis C Turk, Ronald Melzack

10. Principles and Practice of Physical Rehabilitation – Neeta J Vyas, Megha S Sheth,
Srishti S Sharma, Priyasingh B Rangey

11. Writing Patient/Client Notes: Ensuring Accuracy in Documentation – Ginge Kettenb

12. Rehabilitation and Health Assessment: Applying ICF Guidelines – Elias

Mpofu, Thomas Oakland

13. Pulmonary Function Testing and Cardiopulmonary Stress Testing – Vincent C Madama

14. Joint Range of Motion and Muscle Length Testing – Nancy Berryman Reese, William

D. Bandy

87
15. Lukan’s Documentation for Physical Therapist Assistants – Wendy D. Bircher

16. Daniels and Worthingham's Muscle Testing: Techniques of Manual Examination –

Helen J Hislop, Jacqueline Montgomery

17. Measurement of Joint Motion A Guide to Goniometry – Cynthia C. Norkin, D. Joyce White

18. Neuromusculoskeletal Examination and Assessment: A Handbook for Therapists – Nicola J.

Petty

19. Therapy Outcome Measures for Rehabilitation Professionals – Pamela Enderby, Alexandra
John, Brian Petheram

20. Interpretation of Pulmonary Function Tests: A Practical Guide – Robert E. Hyatt, Paul

21. D. Scanlon, Masao Nakamura

22. Wilkins’ Clinical Assessment in Respiratory Care – Albert J. Heuer, Craig L. Scanlan

23. Rapid ECG Interpretation – Gabriel Khan

24. Manual of Nerve Conduction Studies – Ralph M. Buschbacher, Nathan D. Prahlow

25. Electromyography in Clinical Practice – Bashar Katirji

26. 101 Performance Evaluation Tests – Brian Mackenzie

27. Assessments for Sport and Athletic Performance – David H. Fukuda

28. Performance Assessment for Field sports – Christopher Carling, Thomas Reilly, A. Mark
Williams
QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

88
PRACTICAL (100 Hours)

Practical skillful application of appropriate assessment, evaluation and diagnostic

procedures on patients:

1. Demonstration and practice of different subjective and objective pain assessment, evaluation
and interpretation of test results

2. Demonstration and practice of Observational postural assessment and measurement of

various postural angles and its interpretation

3. Demonstration and practice of Observational gait analysis and measurement of temporal

and spatial variables and its interpretation

4. Demonstration and practice of Examination of superficial, deep and cortical sensation

and its interpretation

5. Demonstration and practice of assessment of tone, joint mobility including range of motion
and flexibility and its interpretation

6. Demonstration and practice of assessment of muscle strength, power and endurance and its
interpretation

7. Demonstration and practice of limb length measurement and its interpretation

8. Demonstration and practice of commonly used special tests as a diagnostic tool and its
interpretation

9. Demonstration and practice of reflex testing and its interpretation

10. Demonstration and practice of assessment of higher mental function and its
interpretation

11. Demonstration and practice of assessment of cerebellar dysfunction and its

interpretation

12. Demonstration and practice of cranial nerve examination and its interpretation

13. Demonstration of basics of interpretation of Electrodiagnosis including Faradic Galvanic

Testing, Nerve Conduction Velocity and EMG

14. Demonstration and practice of vital signs examination and its interpretation

15. Demonstration and practice of chest expansion measurement and its interpretation

89
 16. Demonstration and practice of Rate of Perceived Exertion and its interpretation

17. Demonstration of submaximal exercise testing and its interpretation

18. Demonstration of Pulmonary Function Testing and spirometry and its interpretation

19. Demonstration of commonly used aerobic and anaerobic tests and their
interpretation

20. Demonstration and practice of assessment of fitness parameters and their interpretation

PRACTICAL EXAM FORMAT (80 marks)

Marks
Type Description
(40)
Detailed subjective examination 5
Relevant Physical Examination 10
Differential Diagnosis based on history and Physical Examination 5
Long Case*
Evaluation (including interpretation of results of examination) 10
Diagnosis – Clinical, Physical and Functional 10

*Long Case: Students should perform a detailed assessment and evaluation of patient
with any neuro, musculoskeletal, cardiorespiratory, sports conditions and identify the
clinical and Physiotherapy diagnosis based on their evaluation.

Marks
Type Description
(20)
Relevant Physical Examination 8
Evaluation (including interpretation of results of examination) 7
Short Case*
Diagnosis – Possible physical and functional
limitations of patient based on the signs elicited 5

* Short Case: Students should perform the technique of examination of a specific

symptom (for example: pain assessment, tone assessment, motor or sensory
assessment) on any neuro, musculoskeletal, cardiorespiratory, sports conditions and
identify the possible functional limitation based on the signs elicited.

Viva on the basic principles of assessment, evaluation and diagnosis aspects of neuro,
musculoskeletal, cardiorespiratory and sports conditions. (20 marks)

90
 Paper VI: SECTION – I: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Subject Code: PT0306A

Theory: 40 Hours

Method of Assessment: Written

Course Description: This module will explain the basic concepts of research, importance of
conducting research in Physiotherapy and will enable students to learn the basic methods to conduct
research in a clinical set up. It will simplify the steps of conducting research from the beginning
by formulating a research question and explain the different methods used to take forward the
research, sample selection, data collection and will lead to statistical analysis which is part of
Biostatistics. It will also provide the basics of reporting the results and writing a scientific research
paper.
Sr. No Description of topics Hours

1. INTRODUCTION 06
Understanding Research: Basic concepts of research, its application in
various fields and its importance in Physiotherapy. Types of research,
1.1
Research method versus Research methodology, Characteristics of good
research, Problems encountered by researchers in India
Steps in research process, Concepts and components of research
1.2
Proposal
PART – I: THE RESEARCH PROCESS – PLANNING STAGE
2. RESEARCH QUESTION 03
2.1 Research Question, its components, methods to frame a research question

Research Variables: Dependent and Independent, Levels of measurement

(Outcome variables), measurement errors, scaling techniques. Hypothesis:
2.2
Null and Alternative, One and Two tailed
Hypothesis. Formulating a Hypothesis
3. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 05
Significance of literature review, methods of review and tools used for
3.1
literature search – search engines and databases
3.2 Critical appraisal of searched literature
4. STUDY DESIGNS 10
Classification of study designs: characteristics, pros and cons of different
4.1
types of study designs.
5. TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS 03
Understanding hypothesis testing, Errors encountered in testing the
5.1
hypothesis
5.2 Basics of choosing the right statistical tests

91
 PART – II: THE RESEARCH PROCESS – EXECUTION STAGE

6. DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE 03

Reliability and Validity: Definition, importance of reliability and validity
6.1
during data collection.
Types of data and methods used for data collection, pros and cons of
6.2
various data collection methods
7. ORGANIZING AND PROCESSING DATA 02
7.1 Methods of organizing and processing data, its significance
8. REPORTING RESEARCH SCIENTIFICALLY 04
Basic understanding of reporting research findings, steps to follow while
8.1
submitting research findings
9. RESEARCH ETHICS 04
Ethics: Definition, importance in research and different types of scientific
9.1
misconduct in research.
9.2 Plagiarism: Definition, types and ways to prevent it.
Getting Research Into Practice (GRIP), Introduction to basics of Evidence
9.3
Based Practice

Recommended Books:
1. Research Methods for Clinical Therapists: Applied Project Design and Analysis – Carolyn
M Hicks

2. Rehabilitation Research: Principles and Applications – Russell Carter, Jay Lubinsky,

Elizabeth Domholdt

3. Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques – C R Kothari

4. Essentials of Research Methodology for All Physiotherapy and Allied Health Sciences
Students – A Thangamani Ramalingam, S N Senthilkumar

92
 Paper VI: SECTION – II: BIOSTATISTICS

Subject Code: PT0306B

Theory: 40 Hours

Method of Assessment: Written

Course Description: Biostatistics as a subject covers the basic concepts of statistics in human
research, methods of data collection procedures commonly used in research, representation of data
in analytical formats, its analysis and interpretation. After completion of this module, students will
be able to identify the appropriate statistical methods and tests to use in their research. This will
also enable them to use appropriate statistical applications to analyze their data and reason out the
interpretation of their research results in publication.

Sr. No Description of topics Hours

1. INTRODUCTION 02
1.1 Definition – Statistics and Biostatistics
1.2 Basic application of statistics in health care research
1.3 Descriptive versus Inferential statistics
2. VARIABLES AND DATA 05
2.1 Types of Variables, scales of measurement
Data, types – Qualitative and Quantitative, data collection methods (in
2.2
brief)
Representing data – Types of data presentation, Basic principles of graphical
2.3
and tabular presentation
3. PROBABILITY 03
3.1 Meaning of probability, probability of an event, binomial distribution
3.2 Normal distribution and characteristics of a normal curve
3.3 Divergence from normality – Skewness and Kurtosis
4. MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY 04
Definition and calculation of Mean, median and mode – Grouped and
4.1
Ungrouped
4.2 Comparison of Mean, Median and Mode
4.3 Reasoning behind the use of mean, median and mode
4.4 Partition values – Quartiles, Deciles and Percentiles
5. MEASURES OF DISPERSION 03
Range, Mean deviation and standard deviation and their significance in
5.1
statistics
6. SAMPLING PROCEDURE 03
6.1 Population and Sample, sample size calculation and its significance,
sampling frame, types of sampling – random and non-random and its sub
types.

93
 7. HYPOTHESIS TESTING 04
Types of hypothesis – Null and Alternative, One tailed and Two tailed.
7.1 Level and tests of significance, degrees of freedom, acceptance
and rejection of null hypothesis.
7.2 Type I and Type II errors
8. CORRELATION AND REGRESSION 04
Bivariate distribution, coefficient of correlation, calculation and
8.1 interpretation of correlation coefficient, graphical representation of
correlation statistics
Lines of regression, types of regression coefficient, calculation and
8.2
interpretation of regression coefficient
9. PARAMETRIC AND NON-PARAMETRIC TESTS 09
9.1 Difference between parametric and non-parametric tests
9.2 Reasoning behind choosing a parametric or non-parametric test
Tests for normality, Paired and Unpaired t-test, Z test, ANOVA,
9.3
ANCOVA, MANOVA, Repeated Measures ANOVA
Chi Squared test, Wilcoxon test, Mann Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test,
9.4
Friedmann test
10. STATISTICAL SOFTWARES 03
10.1 Brief introduction to software used for statistical analysis

Recommended Books:

1. Methods in Bio-Statistics – B.K. Mahajan

2. An introduction of Biostatistics – Sunder Rao. P.S.S

3. Basic Biostatistics: Statistics for Public Health Practice – B. Burt Gerstman

4. Essential Medical Statistics – Betty R Kirkwood, Jonathan A. C. Sterne

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15
Section – II:40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any Three out of Four) 5x3=15
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Five out of Six) 3x5=15

94
 NON-EXAM PAPERS

A. BASICS IN RADIOLOGY & DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES

Course Description: This course is designed to help the student acquire the basic knowledge on
understanding the indications for radiology in musculoskeletal and cardiothoracic conditions, its
interpretation along with other diagnostic procedures commonly used in Physiotherapeutic and
medical diagnosis.

Sr. No. Description of topics Hours

Basic principles of imaging techniques – X-ray, CT scan, MRI,
1. US imaging 6
Common Indications for imaging techniques in musculoskeletal and
2. cardiothoracic conditions 3
3. Precautions and dangers of exposure 3
Interpretation of diagnostic findings of X-ray, CT scan, MRI, US
4. imaging 8

B. PSYCHIATRY

Course Description: At the completion of this course, students must be able to identify the basic
principles of Psychiatry and common human behavior. This module will also enable students to
understand behavioral changes in relation to pathological conditions and methods to identify and
manage them.

Sr. No Description of topics Hours

1. Difference between normal and abnormal human behavior 2

2. Classification of Psychiatric disorders 3
Psychoneurotic, Psychosomatic and personality disorders – Basic
3. 4
introduction, differences, clinical presentation and management
4. Drug and Alcohol abuse and dependence 3
5. Psychiatric disorders of childhood and adolescence 3
6. Commonly used Psychiatric tests 2
7. Psychiatric counselling and therapies – Basic principles 3

95
 SUPERVISED CLINICAL TRAINING
Total Hours: 450

The students will be clinically trained to provide physiotherapy care for the patients. They will
be trained on bed side approach, patient assessment, performing special tests, identifying
indications for treatment, ruling out contraindications, decision on treatment parameters, dosage
and use relevant outcome measures under supervision.

1. Physiotherapy OPD

2. General Medicine & MICU

3. General Surgery & CTS-ICU

4. Burns & Plastic Surgery

5. Orthopedics

6. Neurology

7. Pediatrics, PICU, NICU

8. Obstetrics & Gynecology

96
FOURTH YEAR BPT

97
 1. PHYSIOTHERAPY IN NEUROLOGICAL CONDITIONS

Subject Code: PT0401 Total Hours: 140

OBJECTIVES: -

At the end of the course candidate will be able to

1. Acquire the knowledge of normal neurodevelopment with specific reference to locomotion.

2. Assess, identify and analyze neuromotor and psychosomatic dysfunction in terms of

alteration in the muscle tone, power, coordination, involuntary movements, sensations,
perceptions etc.

3. Correlate the assessment findings with provisional diagnosis and investigations such as
EMG/NCS and arrive at Physical and functional diagnosis with clinical reasoning in
various neuromuscular disorders.

4. Plan, prescribe and execute short term and long term treatment with special reference
to relief of neuropathic and psychosomatic pain and use of various physiotherapeutic
techniques/ modalities, including ergonomic advice and parent education in neuro
pediatric cases.

5. Prescribe appropriate orthoses/splints and fabricate temporary protective and functional

splints.

SYLLABUS: -

1. Review of basic neuro anatomy and physiology

2. Physiotherapy techniques to improve tone, voluntary control, co-ordination.

3. Neuro physiotherapeutic Techniques: Concepts, principles, techniques and effects of:

NDT, PNF, Brunnstrom movement therapy, Vojta therapy, Rood’s sensory motor
approach, Contemporary task- oriented approach.

4. Application of skills as PNF, co-ordination, functional re- education, balancing exercise by

using techniques based on neuro physiological principles.

5. Tools used for neuro rehabilitation like vestibular balls, tilt board etc.

6. Application of transfer, functional re-education exercises & gait training.

7. Bladder training.

8. Developing a philosophy for caring.

98
9. Prescription of appropriate orthotic devices & fabrication of temporary splints.

10. Lifting techniques, wheel chair modifications, adaptive devices.

11. Ergonomic advice for prevention/rehabilitation to the patients / parents /caregivers.

12. Education about handling of a patient.

13. Pediatric Neuro-physiotherapy

Use of various Neurophysiological approaches & modalities in high risk babies,
minimum brain damage, developmental disorders, Cerebral palsy, Down’s syndrome,
Hydrocephalus, Spina bifida.

14. Assessment & management of brain Disorders

Stroke, Meningitis, Encephalitis, Head Injury, Parkinson’s disease, parkinsonism
syndromes, Multiple sclerosis, Brain tumors.

15. Assessment & management of spinal cord lesions and bladder dysfunction
Multiple sclerosis, transverse myelitis, Poliomyelitis/PPRP, syringomyelia, spinalcord
injury and sub-acute combined degeneration of spinal cord, Motor neuron disease (ALS,
SMA and other types), spinal tumors.

16. Assessment & Management of Co-ordination Disorders

Ataxia, Friedriech’s ataxia, Cerebellar ataxia, Sensory ataxia.

17. Assessment & Management of Muscle Disorders

Muscular dystrophy (DMD) & other myopathies.

18. Assessment & Management of disorders of neuromuscular junction

Myasthenia Gravis.

19. Assessment & management of neuropathies and nerve injuries

Emphasis on 5th, 7th and 8th cranial nerves, Peripheral nerves, Polyneuropathy –
Classification of Polyneuropathies.

20. Pre- and post-surgical assessment & management in neuro surgery

Hydrocephalus and myelomeningocele, C.V. junction anomalies, syringomyelia

21. Electro diagnostic procedures and prognosis in neurological disorders

SD curves, EMG & NCS.

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 Topic Distribution for Paper Setting
Section Topic Sr. No.
I (40 Marks) 1-15
II (40 Marks) 16-21

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 15x1=15
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Three out of Four) 3x5=15
Section – II:40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 15x1=15
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Three out of Four) 3x5=15

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 2. PHYSIOTHERAPY IN MUSCULO-SKELETAL CONDITIONS

Subject Code: PT0402 Total Hours: 140

OBJECTIVES: -

At the end of the course the candidate will be able to

1. Identify, discuss and analyze the musculoskeletal dysfunction in terms of biomechanical,

kinesiological and biophysical basis and correlate the same with the provisional diagnosis,
routine radiological and electro physiological investigations and arrive at appropriate
physical and functional diagnosis with clinical reasoning

2. Describe as well as acquire the skill of executing short- and long-term physiotherapy
treatment by selecting appropriate modes of mobilization/ manipulation, electrotherapy,
therapeutic exercise and appropriate ergonomic advice for the relief of pain,
restoration/maintenance of function & / or rehabilitation for maximum functional
independence in ADLs at home & workplace

3. Understand the nature of sports injuries, able to evaluate and treat sports injuries, understand
the role of physiotherapist in training and rehabilitating a sports person

4. Prescribe appropriate walking aids, orthoses and prosthesis

SYLLABUS: -

Anatomy of bones and soft tissues (musculoskeletal system)

1. Evaluation, interpretation of investigations & functional diagnosis (ICF) with appropriate

clinical reasoning for planning & implementation of management techniques.

2. Planning, Prescription & Implementation of short term & long term goals withclinical
reasoning.

3. Documentation.

4. Different physiotherapeutic techniques for functional restoration/ maintenance and

prevention of disability.

5. Different electro therapeutic techniques for relief of acute and chronic pain, swelling, wound
healing, re-education with clinical reasoning.

6. Different physiotherapeutic techniques to improve/maintain muscle performance.

7. Different physiotherapeutic techniques to increase joint mobility.

8. Different physiotherapeutic strategies for correction / maintenance of good posture.

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9. Different physiotherapeutic strategies to improve efficiency and safety of gait pattern.

10. Prescription of appropriate orthotic & prosthetic devices & fabrication of simple temporary
splints.

11. Appropriate Home Program & Ergonomic advice for preventive

measures &Functional efficiency at home & work place.

12. Physiotherapy approach in traumatology

Definition of fracture, classification of fracture, signs and symptoms of fracture, healing

process of fracture, factors affecting healing, methods of reduction, complications of fracture.

13. Physiotherapy assessment in fracture cases

Principles of PT management in fractures - Guidelines for fracture treatment during period

of immobilization and guidelines for treatment after immobilization period Physiotherapy
assessment and management of upper limb fractures and dislocations, lower limb fractures
and dislocations including pelvis and spinal fractures.

14. Physiotherapy assessment & management of soft tissue injury

Contusion, sprains, strains, ruptures.

15. Physiotherapy assessment & management of degenerative conditions

Osteoarthritis (OA) with emphasize on Knee, Hip and Hand cervical spondylosis, lumbar
spondylosis.

16. Physiotherapy assessment & management of inflammatory conditions

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), Still’s disease, gout, periarthritis,
bursitis, synovitis, capsulitis, tendinitis, tenosynovitis, fasciitis, Osgood Schlatter disease.

17. Physiotherapy assessment and management of infective Conditions

Tuberculosis (TB) of spine and other major joints, osteomyelitis, pyogenic arthritis, septic
arthritis.

18. Physiotherapy assessment & management of congenital and acquired deformities

Congenital - CTEV, CDH, Torticollis, pesplanus, pescavus, Sprengel’s scapula, Madelung’s
deformity.

Acquired: scoliosis, kyphosis, coxavara, genu varum, valgum and recurvatum, wry Neck.

19. Physiotherapy assessment & management of spinal conditions

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 Spondylolisthesis, Spinal canal stenosis, Spondylolysis, Intervertebral disc prolapse, Sacro-
iliac joint dysfunction, Coccydynia Sacralisation, Lumbarisation, Spina bifida occulta.

20. Physiotherapy assessment & management of amputations

Definition, indications, types, levels of amputation of lower and upper extremities, pre and
post operative assessment and management with emphasize on stump care and bandaging,
pre and post prosthetic training and complete rehabilitation.

21. Rehabilitation of patient with orthopedic surgery

Pre and post operative management of arthroplasty of all major joints, girdle stone
arthroplasty, arthrodesis, arthroscopy, osteotomy, re-attachment of limb.

22. Physiotherapy assessment & management of re-constructive surgery

Cerebral Palsy, poliomyelitis, leprosy.

23. Physiotherapy assessment & management of hand injury

24. Physiotherapy assessment & management of metabolic and hormonal disorders of the
bone tissue

Osteoporosis, rickets, osteomalacia.

25. Physiotherapy assessment & management of miscellaneous orthopaedic conditions

Mallet finger, trigger finger, Dequerian’s disease, metatarsalgia, hallux valgus, Dupuytren’s
contracture, thoracic outlet syndrome, chondromalacia patellae, ganglion, tennis elbow,
plantar fasciitis.

26. Sports Medicine

Introduction & classification of sports injury Aetiological factorsPrevention of sports injury

Frequency and site of injury

Investigation and assessment in sports injury

Management of sports injuries Pharmacology in sports Rehabilitation in sports

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 Topic Distribution for Paper Setting
Section Topic Sr. No.
I (40 Marks) 1-20
II (40 Marks) 21-27

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 15x1=15
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Three out of Four) 3x5=15
Section – II:40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 15x1=15
Q: 5 Short Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 6 Short Answer Type (Any Three out of Four) 3x5=15

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 3. PHYSIOTHERAPY IN CARDIO RESPIRATORY & MEDICAL SURGICAL
CONDITIONS

Subject Code: PT0403 Total Hours: 120

3.1 PHYSIOTHERAPY IN CARDIO-PULMONARY CONDITIONS (70 hours)

OBJECTIVES: -

At the end of the course candidate will be able to

1. Identify, discuss and analyze cardio vascular and pulmonary dysfunction based on
pathophysiological principles and arrive at the appropriate physical and functional diagnosis.

2. Select strategies for cure, care and prevention to adopt restorative and rehabilitative measures
for maximum possible functional independence of a patient at home, work place and in
community

3. Execute the effective physiotherapeutic measures (with appropriate clinical reasoning)with

special emphasis to breathing retraining, nebulization, humidification, bronchial hygiene,
general mobilization and exercise conditioning in general medical and surgical conditions

4. Acquire knowledge of the overview of patients care at the intensive care area, artificial
ventilation, suctioning, positioning for bronchial hygiene and continuous monitoring of the
patient at the intensive care area

5. Acquire the skill of evaluation and interpretation of functional capacity using simple exercise
tolerance tests, symptom limited tests

6. Acquire the skill of basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation

SYLLABUS: -

1. Anatomy and physiology of respiratory & cardiac system

Anatomy of thorax, biomechanics of thoracic cage, muscles of respiration, ventilation

perfusion matching /mismatching, compliance

2. Investigations and tests

Sub maximal /maximal exercise tolerance testing, Cardiac & Pulmonary radiographs, PFT,
ABG, ECG, hematological and biochemical Tests

3. Physiotherapy techniques to increase lung volume

Positioning, breathing exercises, Neurophysiological facilitation of respiration, mechanical

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 aids - Incentive spirometry, CPAP, IPPB

4. Physiotherapy techniques to decrease the work of breathing

Measures to optimize the balance between energy supply and demand, positioning,
Breathing re- education – Breathing control techniques, mechanical aids: IPPB,
CPAP,BIPAP

5. Physiotherapy techniques to clear secretions

Hydration, Humidification & Nebulization, Mobilization and breathing exercises, postural

drainage, Manual techniques: Percussion, vibration and shaking, ACBT, Autogenic
Drainage, Mechanical aids: PEP, Flutter, IPPB, facilitation of cough and huff, suctioning

6. Physiotherapy in common complications following surgery And Drug therapy

Drugs to prevent and treat inflammation, drugs to treat bronchospasm, drugs to treat
breathlessness, drugs to help sputum clearance, drugs to inhibit coughing, drugs to improve
ventilation, drugs to reduce pulmonary hypertension, drug delivery doses, inhalers and
nebulizers

7. Introduction to ICU & mechanical ventilator

ICU monitoring – apparatus, airways and tubes used in the ICU - Physiotherapy in the ICU
– common conditions in the ICU. Mechanical ventilator: types, modes of ventilator,
advantages and disadvantages Oxygen therapy, CPR, aseptic precautions

8. Physiotherapy assessment & management techniques in Obstructive lung conditions

Chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis

9. Physiotherapy assessment & management techniques in Restrictive lung conditions

Rib fracture, Pleural effusion, pleurisy and empyema, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary
tuberculosis, atelectasis, pneumothorax, bronchopulmonary fistula, pneumonia, ARDS

10. Physiotherapy following Lung surgeries

Pre and post operative physiotherapy assessment and management in Lobectomy,

Pneumonectomy, decortication, thoracoplasty

11. Pulmonary Rehabilitation

Definition, aims and objectives, team members, benefits, principles of exercise prescription
and techniques of rehabilitation

12. Anatomy and physiology of cardiovascular system

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 Anatomy, blood supply and conduction system of heart

13. Physiotherapy assessment & management for cardiovascular disorders

Cardiovascular disease, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, valvular diseases of

heart, cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart diseases, endocarditis

14. Cardiac Rehabilitation

Definition, aims and objectives, team members, benefits, principles of Exercise prescription
and techniques of rehabilitation

15. Physiotherapy assessment & management of vascular diseases

Venous: Thrombosis, phlebitis and phlebo-thrombosis, varicose veins, DVT, venous ulcers
Arterial: Berger’s disease, acute and chronic arterial occlusion, lymphedema

3.2 PHYSIOTHERAPY IN GENERAL MEDICAL-SURGICAL CONDITIONS (50

hours)

OBJECTIVES: -

1. Acquire knowledge of rationale of basic investigative approaches in the medical system and
surgical intervention regimes related to cardio vascular and pulmonary impairment

2. Select strategies for cure, care and prevention to adopt restorative and rehabilitative measures
for maximum possible functional independence of a patient at home, workplace and in
community

3. Acquire the knowledge of evaluation and physiotherapy treatment for obstetrics and
gynecological surgical conditions

4. Acquire the knowledge of various conditions where physiotherapy plays a vital role in the
rehabilitation (psychiatry, dermatology and ENT conditions)

5. Assess the various degrees of burns, plan and implement physiotherapy techniques for the
rehabilitation of a burn and wound patient.

SYLLABUS: -

1. Physiotherapy assessment & management for abdominal surgeries

Surgeries on upper gastro- intestinal tract - oesophagus- stomach- duodenum, surgery on

large and small intestine – appendicectomy, cholecystectomy, partial colectomy, illieostomy,
nephrectomy. Hernia: herniotomy, herniorraphy, hernioplasty.

2. Physiotherapy Assessment & management in onco surgeries

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 Mastectomy: simple, radical; hysterectomy; prostatectomy; neck dissection

3. Physiotherapy in obstetrics and gynecology surgeries

Electrotherapy and exercise therapy measures following pelvic repair and caesarean section.

4. Wounds, local infections, ulcers, pressure sores

UVR and other electrotherapeutic modalities for healing of wound, prevention of

hypergranulated scars, relief of pain and mobilization

5. Physiotherapy in burns, skin grafts and re-constructive plastic surgery

6. Physiotherapy in ENT conditions

Non-suppurative otitis media, chronic suppurative otitis media, otosclerosis, labyrinthitis and
mastoidectomy resulting into facial palsy, laryngectomy, pharyngeo – laryngectomy,
tracheostomy and its care, sinusitis

7. Physiotherapy in skin conditions

Leprosy, acne, alopecia, psoriasis, syphilis

8. Physiotherapy in psychiatric conditions

Schizophrenia, depression, psychosis, anxiety

9. Emergency Care

Basic Life Support, First aid & emergency care, Biomedical waste management.
Topic Distribution for Paper Setting
Section Topic Sr. No.
I (55 Marks) Cardiorespiratory Conditions
II (25 Marks) Medical Surgical Conditions

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 55 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 15x1=15
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Two out of Three) 10x2=20
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Four out of Five) 4x5=20
Section – II:25 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any Two out of Three) 10x2=20
Q: 5 Short Answer Type (Any One out of Two) 1x5=05

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 4. COMMUNITY PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION AND ASSISTIVE
TECHNOLOGIES

Subject Code: PT0404 Theory Hours: 110

4.1 COMMUNITY PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION (60 Hours)

OBJECTIVES: -

At the end of the course, the candidate will be able to

1. Describe the general concepts about Health, Disease & Physical fitness

2. Describe policies for the rehabilitation of disabled and Role of Council to promote
physiotherapy as a health delivery system

3. Describe the strategies to assess prevalence & incidence of various conditions responsible
for increasing morbidity in the specific community, role of physiotherapy in reducing
morbidity, expected clinical & functional recovery, reasons for non-compliance in specific
community & environmental solution for the same

4. Describe the evaluation of disability & planning for prevention & rehabilitation.

5. Describe CBR in urban & rural set up, WHO policies, concept of team work, role of multi-
purpose health worker

6. Identify with clinical reasoning the prevailing contextual (environmental & psychosocial,
cultural) factors, causing high risk, responsible for various dysfunctions & morbidity
related to lifestyle & specific community like women, aged, industrial workers & describe
planning strategies of interventional policies to combat such problems.

SYLLABUS: -

1. Concepts of community health

Preventive, promotive, restorative and rehabilitative WHO definition of health and disease

2. Health delivery system - 3 tier

3. Disability types

4. Physical &Psychological Evaluation, prevention & Legislation related to Persons with

Disability (PWD)

5. CBR

Definition, principles, types (institutional, reach out and community),concepts, WHO

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 policies Principles of Team work of medical practitioner, Physiotherapist, Occupational
Therapist, Speech & Audiology Therapist, Prosthetist & Orthotist, Clinical psychologist,
vocational counselor and social worker. Role of Physiotherapy in team, concept of
multipurpose health worker, role of Physiotherapy and strategies in 3 tier Health delivery
system, communication strategies.

6. Health Care

Prevention, Promotion & Restoration

a. In peri-pubertal age group

b. In women-pregnancy and menopause

c. In Geriatrics- neuromusculoskeletal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, metabolic and

degenerative conditions

d. In Obese / over weight

e. In Cardiovascular and Pulmonary conditions

f. In Diabetes

g. Health promotion for all

7. Women and child care

a. Antenatal exercises, Specific Breathing exercises, Relaxation, Postural training,

Pelvic floor strengthening exercises with clinical reasoning

b. Physiotherapy during labor

c. Postnatal exercises program after normal labor / labor with invasive procedures
with clinical reasoning

d. Menopause - Osteoporosis, Mental health, Physiotherapy management

e. Preterm babies

f. Adolescent age group

g. Nutritional disorders in women and children

8. Geriatrics

a. Physiology of aging, environmental changes and adaptations, balance and falls

Role of Physiotherapy in geriatric population.

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 9. Physical fitness

a. Energy system, Endurance, Aerobic Exercise, pacing of activity.

10. Ergonomics

11. IQ Testing

4.2 REHABILITATION AND ASSISITIVE TECHNOLOGIES (30 Hours)

OBJECTIVES: -

At the end of the course, the candidate will be able to

1. Acquire knowledge about biomechanical principles of application of variety of aids&

appliances used for ambulation, protection & prevention

2. Acquire in brief knowledge about various materials used for splints/Orthosis& Prostheses
and selection criteria for splints/Orthosis& Prostheses

3. Acquire the skill of fabrication of simple splints made out of low-cost material.

SYLLABUS: -

1. Introduction and terminology: prosthesis and orthosis

2. Classification of orthosis and prostheses

3. Bio-mechanical principles of orthotic application

4. Bio-mechanical principles of prosthetic application

5. Orthotic appliances for Hip, Knee, Ankle& foot - Prescription and design &modification

6. Spinal conditions inclusive of fractures, spondylolisthesis, kyphosis, scoliosis etc.

7. Upper limb conditions – splinting prescriptions with principles

8. Prosthesis:

a. Upper & lower limb; endo skeletal & exo skeletal,

b. Hip, knee & foot prosthetic components with k-levels

c. Upper limbs: cosmetic restoration, terminal devices (body powered), self- help
devices (ADL equipments), myoelectric, microprocessor / sensor controlled
(externally powered)

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 d. Adaptive devices

9. Psychological & Physiological aspects of orthotic and prosthetic application

10. Material used in fabrication of Prosthetiscs & Orthotics briefly.

11. Mobility aids:

a. Canes, crutches, walking frames, walkers, wheel chairs manual/ electrically

powered.
Topic Distribution for Paper Setting
Section Topic Sr. No.
I (55 Marks) Community Physiotherapy Rehabilitation
II (25 Marks) Assistive technologies

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 55 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 15x1=15
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any Two out of Three) 10x2=20
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Four out of Five) 4x5=20
Section – II:25 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 4 Long Essay Type (Any Two out of Three) 10x2=20
Q: 5 Short Answer Type (Any One out of Two) 1x5=05

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 5. ETHICS AND MANAGEMENT

Subject Code: PT0405 Total Hours: 40

5.1 ETHICS (20 Hours)

OBJECTIVES: -

At the end of the course the candidate will be able to:

1. Understand the moral values and meaning of ethics.

2. Acquire bedside manners and communication skills in relation with patients, peers seniors
and other professionals.

3. Develop psychomotor skills for physiotherapist patient relationship.

4. Develop skill to evaluate and make decision for plan of management based on sociocultural
values and referral practice.

5. Develop behavioral skills and humanitarian approach while communicating with patients,
relatives, society at large and co-professionals.

6. Develop bedside behavior, respect & maintain patients’ confidentiality.

7. Understand the importance of council, its functioning and Act.

SYLLABUS: -

1. Outlines of Gujarat State Council for Physiotherapists (GSCPT) Act 2011 with more
emphasis on formation, functions of council, importance for registration etc.

2. Ethical principles in health care services, research, teaching related to physiotherapy.

3. Scope of practice as patient manager, consultant, critical inquirer, educator, administrator.

4. Rules of professional conduct

a. Physiotherapy as a profession

b. Relationship with patients

c. Relationship at health care institution i.e. hospital, clinic etc.

d. Relationship with colleagues and peers

e. Relationship with medical and other professionals

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 5. Confidentiality and responsibility

6. Malpractice and negligence

7. Professional development, competence and expertise

8. Sale of goods: personal and professional standards

9. Legal aspects: legal responsibility of physiotherapists for their action in the professional
context understanding liability and obligations in case of medico legal action.

5.2 ADMINISTRATION, MANAGEMENT & MARKETING (20 Hours)

OBJECTIVES: -

At the end of course the student will be able to:

1. Learn the management basics in fields of clinical practice, teaching, research and
physiotherapy practice in the community.

2. Acquire communication skills in relation with patients, peers, seniors and other
professionals & the community.

3. Acquire the knowledge of the basics in managerial & management skills, & use of
information technology in professional practice.

4. Develop psychomotor skills for physiotherapy practice.

5. Develop skill to evaluate and make decision for plan of management based on sociocultural
values and referral practice.

6. Develop behavioral skill and humanitarian approach while communicating with patients,
relatives, society at large and co-professionals

SYLLABUS: -

1. Management studies related to local health care organization management &structure,

planning delivery with quality assurance & funding of service delivery, information
technology and career development in physiotherapy.

2. Administration-principles-based on the goal & functions at large hospital setup/domiciliary

services/private clinic/ academics.

3. Budget-planning.

4. Performance analysis- physical structure/ reporting system (man power, status, functions,
quantity & quality of services, turn over, cost benefit revenue contribution)

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 5. Setting up therapeutic gymnasium, fitness clinics, cardiac and pulmonary rehab centers etc

6. Time management

QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR THEORY EXAMINATION

Section – I: 40 Marks
Type of question Number of Questions Marks for Each Question
Q: 1 Long Essay Type (Any One out of Two) 15x1=15
Q: 2 Short Essay Type (Any One oft of Two) 10x1=10
Q: 3 Short Answer Type (Any Three Out of Four) 3x5=15

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 SUPERVISED CLINICAL TRAINING

Total Hours: 960

The students will be clinically trained to provide physiotherapy care for the patients under
supervision. They will be trained on bed side approach, patient assessment, performing special
tests, identifying indications for treatment, ruling out contraindications, decision on treatment
parameters, dosage and use relevant outcome measures under supervision. Evidence based
practice will be part of training.

1. Ortho Physiotherapy IPD & OPD

2. Neurology, Pediatric, Neurosurgery IPD & OPD & ICUs

3. Community-PHC

4. Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy, Medical & Surgical ICU, IPD & OPD

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 INTERNSHIP &
PROJECT WORK

117
 INTERNSHIP & PROJECT WORK

Total Hours: 1280

 Project will be a clinical assignment on given topic or condition. This may be done
in the form of a literature review or a small research project.

 This will give the student a practical background on research methods and recent
advances.

 This will be done during internship and with group work of 4-5 students on a given
research title.

 Research Title/Proposal for the project should be approved by first month of internship.

 Project Guide will be assigned by Principal to students.

 Internee students will be allotted 1 Hour daily for doing their ‘Project Work’ in
their internship schedule/rotation.

 Only after successful submission of ‘Project Work’, Internship completion certificate

will be issued to the students for the award of degree from the university.

118