1.

pandas
Code:
import pandas as pd
# Create a DataFrame
data = {'Name': ['Arthur', 'John', 'Dutch','Hosea'], 'Age': [25, 30, 35, 40]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
# Filter rows where Age > 25
filtered_df = df[df['Age'] > 25]
print(filtered_df)

Output:

2. NumPy
Code:
import numpy as np
# Create a NumPy array
arr = np.array([150, 2200, 30, 44, 59])# Calculate the mean of the array
mean_value = np.mean(arr)
print(mean_value)
median_value = np.median(arr)
print(median_value)

Output:

3. Matplotlib
Code:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import matplotlib
import matplotlib as mpl
vegetables = ["cucumber", "tomato", "lettuce", "asparagus",
"potato", "wheat", "barley"]
farmers = ["Farmer Joe", "Upland Bros.", "Smith Gardening",
"Agrifun", "Organiculture", "BioGoods Ltd.", "Cornylee Corp."]
harvest = np.array([[0.8, 2.4, 2.5, 3.9, 0.0, 4.0, 0.0],
[2.4, 0.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.7, 0.0, 0.0],
[1.1, 2.4, 0.8, 4.3, 1.9, 4.4, 0.0],
[0.6, 0.0, 0.3, 0.0, 3.1, 0.0, 0.0],
[0.7, 1.7, 0.6, 2.6, 2.2, 6.2, 0.0],
[1.3, 1.2, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 3.2, 5.1],
[0.1, 2.0, 0.0, 1.4, 0.0, 1.9, 6.3]])
def heatmap(data, row_labels, col_labels, ax=None,
cbar_kw=None, cbarlabel="", **kwargs):
if ax is None:
ax = plt.gca()
 if cbar_kw is None:
cbar_kw = {}
im = ax.imshow(data, **kwargs)
cbar = ax.figure.colorbar(im, ax=ax, **cbar_kw)
cbar.ax.set_ylabel(cbarlabel, rotation=-90, va="bottom")
ax.set_xticks(range(data.shape[1]), labels=col_labels,
rotation=-30, ha="right", rotation_mode="anchor")
ax.set_yticks(range(data.shape[0]), labels=row_labels)
ax.tick_params(top=True, bottom=False,
labeltop=True, labelbottom=False)
ax.spines[:].set_visible(False)
ax.set_xticks(np.arange(data.shape[1]+1)-.5, minor=True)
ax.set_yticks(np.arange(data.shape[0]+1)-.5, minor=True)
ax.grid(which="minor", color="w", linestyle='-', linewidth=3)
ax.tick_params(which="minor", bottom=False, left=False)
return im, cbar
def annotate_heatmap(im, data=None, valfmt="{x:.2f}",
textcolors=("black", "white"),
threshold=None, **textkw):
if not isinstance(data, (list, np.ndarray)):
data = im.get_array()
if threshold is not None:
threshold = im.norm(threshold)
else:
threshold = im.norm(data.max())/2.
kw = dict(horizontalalignment="center", verticalalignment="center")
kw.update(textkw)
if isinstance(valfmt, str):
valfmt = matplotlib.ticker.StrMethodFormatter(valfmt)
texts = []
for i in range(data.shape[0]):
for j in range(data.shape[1]):
kw.update(color=textcolors[int(im.norm(data[i, j]) > threshold)])
text = im.axes.text(j, i, valfmt(data[i, j], None), **kw)
texts.append(text)
return texts
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
im, cbar = heatmap(harvest, vegetables, farmers, ax=ax, cmap="YlGn", cbarlabel="harvest
[t/year]")
texts = annotate_heatmap(im, valfmt="{x:.1f} t")
fig.tight_layout()
plt.show()

Output:
4. Seaborn
Code:
import seaborn as sns
sns.set_theme(style="white")
df = sns.load_dataset("penguins")
g = sns.JointGrid(data=df, x="body_mass_g", y="bill_depth_mm", space=0)
g.plot_joint(sns.kdeplot,
fill=True, clip=((2200, 6800), (10, 25)),
thresh=0, levels=100, cmap="rocket")
g.plot_marginals(sns.histplot, color="#03051A", alpha=1, bins=25)

Output:
5. Scikit-learn
Code:
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
iris = load_iris(as_frame=True)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import mpl_toolkits.mplot3d # noqa: F401
from sklearn.decomposition import PCA
fig = plt.figure(1, figsize=(8, 6))
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection="3d", elev=-150, azim=110)
X_reduced = PCA(n_components=3).fit_transform(iris.data)
scatter = ax.scatter(
X_reduced[:, 0],
X_reduced[:, 1],
X_reduced[:, 2],
c=iris.target,
s=40,
)
ax.set(
title="First three PCA dimensions",
 xlabel="1st Eigenvector",
ylabel="2nd Eigenvector",
zlabel="3rd Eigenvector",
)
ax.xaxis.set_ticklabels([])
ax.yaxis.set_ticklabels([])
ax.zaxis.set_ticklabels([])
legend1 = ax.legend(
scatter.legend_elements()[0],
iris.target_names.tolist(),
loc="upper right",
title="Classes",
)
ax.add_artist(legend1)
plt.show()

Output:

6. SciPy
Code:
import numpy
from pylab import plot, show, grid, xlabel, ylabel
from brownian import brownian
def main():
 delta = 2
T = 10.0
N = 500
dt = T/N
m = 20
x = numpy.empty((m,N+1))
x[:, 0] = 50
brownian(x[:,0], N, dt, delta, out=x[:,1:])
t = numpy.linspace(0.0, N*dt, N+1)
for k in range(m):
plot(t, x[k])
xlabel('t', fontsize=16)
ylabel('x', fontsize=16)
grid(True)
show()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()

Output:

7. Plotly
Code:
import plotly.graph_objects as go
import pandas as pd
z_data = pd.read_csv('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/plotly/datasets/master/api_docs/
mt_bruno_elevation.csv')
fig = go.Figure(data=[go.Surface(z=z_data.values)])
fig.update_traces(contours_z=dict(show=True, usecolormap=True, highlightcolor="limegreen",
project_z=True))
fig.update_layout(title=dict(text='Mt Bruno Elevation'), autosize=False,
scene_camera_eye=dict(x=1.87, y=0.88, z=-0.64),
width=500, height=500, margin=dict(l=65, r=50, b=65, t=90))
fig.show()

Output:

8. Statsmodels
Code:
%matplotlib inline
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
import pandas_datareader as pdr
import seaborn as sns
from statsmodels.tsa.api import acf, graphics, pacf
from statsmodels.tsa.ar_model import AutoReg, ar_select_order
sns.set_style("darkgrid")
pd.plotting.register_matplotlib_converters()
sns.mpl.rc("figure", figsize=(16, 6))
sns.mpl.rc("font", size=14)
data = pdr.get_data_fred("HOUSTNSA", "1959-01-01", "2019-06-01")
housing = data.HOUSTNSA.pct_change().dropna()
housing = 100 * housing.asfreq("MS")
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax = housing.plot(ax=ax)
mod = AutoReg(housing, 3, old_names=False)
res = mod.fit()
res = mod.fit(cov_type="HC0")
sel = ar_select_order(housing, 13, old_names=False)
sel.ar_lags
res = sel.model.fit()
fig = res.plot_predict(720, 840)

Output:

9. TensorFlow and PyTorch

Code (TensorFlow):
import tensorflow as tf
mnist = tf.keras.datasets.mnist
(x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()
x_train, x_test = x_train / 255.0, x_test / 255.0
model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
tf.keras.layers.Flatten(input_shape=(28, 28)),
tf.keras.layers.Dense(128, activation='relu'),
tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.2),
tf.keras.layers.Dense(10)
])
predictions = model(x_train[:1]).numpy()
predictions
tf.nn.softmax(predictions).numpy()
loss_fn = tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=True)
loss_fn(y_train[:1], predictions).numpy()
model.compile(optimizer='adam',loss=loss_fn,metrics=['accuracy'])
model.fit(x_train, y_train, epochs=5)
model.evaluate(x_test, y_test, verbose=2)
probability_model = tf.keras.Sequential([model,tf.keras.layers.Softmax()])
probability_model(x_test[:5])

Output:

Code(PyTorch):
import torch
x = torch.ones(5) # input tensor
y = torch.zeros(3) # expected output
w = torch.randn(5, 3, requires_grad=True)
b = torch.randn(3, requires_grad=True)
z = torch.matmul(x, w)+b
loss = torch.nn.functional.binary_cross_entropy_with_logits(z, y)
print(f"Gradient function for z = {z.grad_fn}")
print(f"Gradient function for loss = {loss.grad_fn}")
loss.backward()
print(w.grad)
print(b.grad)

Output:

10. OpenCV
Code:
from google.colab.patches import cv2_imshow
!curl -o logo.png https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?
q=tbn:ANd9GcRW9h4fU35Nb2lGTCcT-GS1pVkWd5gqV0yegw&s
import cv2
img = cv2.imread('logo.png', cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)
cv2_imshow(img)

Output: