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a+++b -> (a++)+b

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What is forward reference w.r.t. pointers in c?

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Can you have constant volatile variable?

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What are the different storage classes in C?

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What are the 4 different types of inheritance relationship?

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What are the features different in pSOS and vxWorks?

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#define cat(x,y) x##y concatenates x to y. But cat(cat(1,2),3) does not expand but gives preprocessor warning. Why?

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What are the different qualifiers in C?

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malloc(sizeof(0)) will return ? valid pointer

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Multiple inheritance - objects contain howmany multiply inherited ancestor?

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Difference between object oriented and object based languages?

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What will this return malloc(sizeof(-10))

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++*ip increments what? it increments what ip points to

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Advantages and disadvantages of using macro and inline functions?

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What are the different BSD and SVR4 communication mechanisms

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How is generic list manipulation function written which accepts elements of any kind?

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Which way of writing infinite loops is more efficient than others?

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 Why cannot arrays be passed by values to functions?

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How is function itoa() written?

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Can structures be passed to the functions by value?

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How do you write a function which takes 2 arguments - a byte and a field in the byte and returns the value of the field
in that byte?

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How would you find out the no of instance of a class?

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What is interrupt latency? How can you recduce it?

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Order of constructor and destructor call in case of multiple inheritance?

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How can you define a structure with bit field members?

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Operations involving unsigned and signed ? unsigned will be converted to signed

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Who to know whether system uses big endian or little endian format and how to convert among them?

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What is the difference between hard real-time and soft real-time OS?

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How many nuclear plants are there in India and what are they? which place they are located?

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What is the output of printf(" abcd ef"); -> ef

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What is the differnce between embedded systems and the system in which rtos is running?

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What happens when recursion functions are declared inline?

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Can u have inline virtual functions in a class?

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When you inherit a class using private keyword which members of base class are visible to the derived class?

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Is java a pure object oriented language? Why?

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What are set up time & hold time constraints? What do they signify? Which one is critical for estimating maximum clock
frequency of a circuit?
 View Answer
Explain Order of constructor and destructor call in case of multiple inheritance?

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Explain What are the different qualifiers in C?

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Explain What is forward reference w.r.t. pointers in c?

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How is function itoa() written in C?

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Scope of static variables?

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What is interrupt latency?

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Explain Operations involving unsigned and signed? unsigned will be converted to signed?

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Error ? what it does?

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How to define a structure with bit field members?

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Explain What happens when recursion functions are declared inline?

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Explain What are the 5 different types of inheritance relationship?

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Explain Scope of static variables?

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Explain What is the difference between embedded systems and the system in which RTOS is running?

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Explain Scope of static variables?

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Explain what is interrupt latency? How can we reduce it?

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Explain What is interrupt latency?

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Explain What is forward reference w.r.t. pointers in c?

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Explain What happens when recursion functions are declared inline?

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Explain Operations involving unsigned and signed? unsigned will be converted to signed?

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Explain Order of constructor and destructor call in case of multiple inheritance?

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Explain What are the features different in pSOS and vxWorks?

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Explain Difference between object oriented and object based languages?

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What are the advantages and disadvantages of using macro and inline functions?

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Explain Why cannot arrays be passed by values to functions?

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Explain what is interrupt latency? How can we reduce it?
 View Answer
Explain What are the different qualifiers in C?

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Explain What are different qualifiers in C?

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Explain What are the 5 different types of inheritance relationship?

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Explain What will this return malloc(sizeof(-10))?

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Explain Can structures be passed to the functions by value?

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Explain Can we have constant volatile variable?

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Explain Can we have constant volatile variable?

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Explain What are the different storage classes in C?

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How is function itoa() written in C?

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Explain What is the difference between embedded systems and the system in which RTOS is running?

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How to define a structure with bit field members?

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Explain What is interrupt latency?

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Explain Scope of static variables?

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Explain What are the features different in pSOS and vxWorks?

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Explain Difference between object oriented and object based languages?

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Explain Why cannot arrays be passed by values to functions?

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Explain What are different qualifiers in C?

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Explain What are the 5 different types of inheritance relationship?

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Explain What are the 5 different types of inheritance relationship?

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Explain What will this return malloc(sizeof(-10))?

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Explain Can structures be passed to the functions by value?

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Explain Can we have constant volatile variable?

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Explain What are the different storage classes in C?

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Explain What is forward reference w.r.t. pointers in c?

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how to improve performance of processor in embedded system design

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Question :
a+++b -> (a++)+b
Category Embedded Systems Interview Questions
Rating (0.4) By 1458 users
Added on 7/6/2005

Views 3074

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Answers:

both are not equal

Posted by: g.durga

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Both are equal

Because a+++b will be converted to (a++)+b

Posted by: jeyaraj

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Both are not equal, to know that do the following example

int a = 10,b = 20,c;
c=a+++b;
printf(" the result of a+++b is %d ",c);

c=(a++)+b;
printf(" the result of (a++)+b is %d ",c);

Then the results are 30 and 31.

Posted by: krishna

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i solved this problem in my system. both are equal

Posted by: nag

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when we do it with GCC

both will give the same result

Posted by: chandra

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Both are not equal, to know that do the following example

int a = 10,b = 20,c;

c=a+++b; //here a++ is post increment where as ++b is pre but ++b has to be incremented
after incrementing a, where in single statement it is not possible.
printf(" the result of a+++b is %d ",c);

c=(a++)+b;
printf(" the result of (a++)+b is %d ",c);

Then the results are 30 and 31.

Posted by: Munish Bhardwaj

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priority of ++ is higher than +. also ++ has R-L associativity & +,() has L-R associativity.
hence both the answers will be different
 Posted by: chethan

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Both the values are equal....

to verify
1.first execute C only.
2.execute d only.
you will find both the values to be equal

{
int a = 10,b = 30,c;
//c=a+++b;

//d=(a++)+b;
}

Posted by: pramod d

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both are not equal

because in a+++b.......it is from l-r so it is post incremented.
but in (a++)+b first incrmenting the a value after add with b.

Posted by: ashok

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both are equal because when u solve

(a++)+b,hear a++ is within braces but still as the ++ is an post increament so it gives result 30
as if a=10 and b=20 and 1st one also give 30 as result.....

Posted by: anil kumar

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int a = 5, b = 7, c;
c = a+++b;
This question is intended to be a lighthearted end to the quiz, as, believe it or not, this is
perfectly legal syntax. The question is how does the compiler treat it? Those poor compiler
writers actually debated this issue, and came up with the "maximum munch" rule, which
stipulates that the compiler should bite off as big (and legal) a chunk as it can. Hence, this
code
is treated as:
c = a++ + b;
Thus, after this code is executed, a = 6, b = 7, and c = 12.
If you knew the answer, or guessed correctly, well done. If you didn't know the answer then I
wouldn't consider this to be a problem. I find the greatest benefit of this question is that it is
good for stimulating questions on coding styles, the value of code reviews, and the benefits of
using lint.

Posted by: divya

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both are not equal..

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a=10,b=20;
clrscr();
printf("a+++b=%d ",a+++b);
printf("(a++)+b=%d",(a++)+b);
getch();
}

o/p:
a+++b=30
(a++)+b=31

Posted by: arvind singh

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both are equal

if first first evaluate the another execute then it increase the value by pre-increment then the
answer is 30 and 31 if after one statement you again assign the same value then result is same
eg
a=10,b=20;
then a+++b=30
and (a++)+b=31
but if
a=10,b=20
a+++b=30
again
a=10,b=20
then (a++)+b=30
a+++b=30
 Posted by: md asif

Contact md asif

both are equal

bcoz if u use (a++)+b only one time in programme so a+++b and (a++)+b is same bcoz a++ is
post increment,
if these values repeat in programme answer is different

Posted by: rahul upadhyay

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Both are equal.

Don't be confused, it's not a compiler issue.
Print one by one both values and u'll find them same.
either,
cout << "a+++b" << a+++b<<endl;
or,
cout << "(a++)+b" << (a++)+b<<endl;

when u'll print both values at same time, a value 'll be incremented and u'll different answers.

Posted by: Ankit Mishra

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Question :
What is forward reference w.r.t. pointers in c?
Category Embedded Systems Interview Questions
Rating (0.4) By 1156 users
Added on 7/6/2005

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Answers:

int a=10;
int *p=&a;
*p is called forward Reference.........
 Posted by: manik

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Pointer use's to reference to value a into int a=10 to memory add this value and 10 is add p
value added this data in memory location for p............for reference key is a

Posted by: pankaj

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Question :
Can you have constant volatile variable?
Category Embedded Systems Interview Questions
Rating (0.4) By 1097 users
Added on 7/6/2005

Views 3615

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Answers:

yes we can have constant volatile variable.

In this current context of code will not change the value of the variable but out side of the
program i.e. hardware registers can change it.

Posted by: rajkumar

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In some scenarios expressions having volatile variables cant be optimized by a compiler.

Posted by: shashank vimal

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precisely volatile variable warns the compiler that the value of the variable may change at any
time without the knowledge of the compiler, to the code currently executed.
volatile int * const port_add = 0x400;
 Posted by: Murali Prasath

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Volatile type tell the compiler , this variable can be changed by any external tasks, So do not
optimize while compiling and linking final executable.
Here is Example:

In Embedded system System Timer is one of the most important.

func()
{
TIME* time;
time = GetSystime();

for ( 1000 times )

{
some expressions;
}
time = GetSystime();
}

In the above function , time is a structure which gets the time before and after FOR loop.
At these two instances time is definitely different, because of FOR loop. If you go for an
embedded system compiler, generally it optimizes the "time = GetSystime();" expression.
because it thought that, code is redundant no need to load the getsystime value again from
memory , if u dont use VOLATILE. to avoid this kind of things use Volatile.

Posted by: Jay

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Const and volatile keywords should not be used together because both are opposite in nature.
A variable is declared as "const" means it's value is not able to be changed but if it is declared
as "Volatile" then it is not under control.

Posted by: PadmavathB

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