M.A. Population Studies Syllabus
M.A. Population Studies Syllabus
Syllabus: 2021-22
M. A. in Population Studies
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PS-101: PRINCIPLES OF POPULATION STUDIES
Unit-I
Demographic Concepts and Definitions: Population, Nuptiality, Fertility, Morbidity,
Mortality, Migration, Urbanization; Basic Measures: Cohort, Period, Mid-Year Population;
Nature and Scope of Population Studies; Its Relationship with Other Disciplines;
Components of Population Change: Fertility, Mortality and Migration.
Unit-II
History of Demographic Data: Major sources of data about the population in the past;
Global Population Trends-Past, Present and Future Trends across the World, Continents
and Developed/Developing Countries; World Population Growth and Doubling Time;
History of Population Growth in India; Current Population Scenario and Demographic
Profile of India and States.
Unit-III
Basic Theories of Population: Malthusian, Marxian and Optimum Population Theories;
Biological Theories of Herbert Spencer, Corrado Ginnis and Thomas Doubleday;
Demographic Transition: Concept, Theory and Different Stages- Pre-Industrial Stage,
Industrial Revolution, Post-Industrial Revolution.
Unit-IV
Population Composition and Characteristics (India): Age-Sex Structure (Pyramid), Sex
Ratio, Sex Ratio at Birth, Marital Status, Rural-Urban Distribution; Occupation, Education,
Religion and Caste Composition; Age-Sex Structures of Population in Developed and
Developing Countries; Importance of Age-Sex Structure in Population Dynamics and
Factors Affecting Sex Ratio of the Population. Sex Ratio of India’s Population and Role of
Different Factors in Changing Sex Ratio.
Unit-V
Determinants of Population Growth: World and India; Population Ageing: Socio-economic
Consequences of Population Ageing in the World and India. Population Ageing and
Labour Force: Implications of Population Ageing on Labor Force, Retirement and Work
Participation among Elderly; Occupational Distribution among the Elderly;
Demographic Dividend: Determinants and Consequences. Population Policies in India.
Suggested Readings:
Agarwala, S. N. (1981), India`s Population Problems, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
Bhende, A. and T. Kanitkar (2019), Principles of Population Studies, Himalaya Publishing
House, Mumbai.
Bloom, D.E., D. Canning, et.al. (2002): The Demographic Dividend: A New Perspective on
the Economic Consequences of Population Change. Santa Monica, CA, RAND
Bogue, Donald J. (1969), Principles of Demography, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York.
Bose, Ashish (2001), Population of India: 2001 Census Results and Methodology, B. R.
Publishing Corporation, Delhi.
Heslop A (1999), Ageing and Development, Social Development Working Paper: 3, Help
Age International.
Mason, A. (2007), “Demographic Dividends: The Past, the Present, and the Future”, in A.
Mason and M. Yamaguchi (eds.), Population Change, Labor Markets and Sustainable
Growth: Towards a New Economic Paradigm, Emerald Publishing Limited, Bingley.
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Prskawetz, Bloom, and Lutz, eds., (2008), Population Aging, Human Capital
Accumulation, and Productivity Growth, A Supplement to Population and
Development Review.
Shrivastava, O. S. (1983), A Text Book of Demography, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.,
Delhi.
Shryock, Henry S., Jacob S. Siegel and Associates (1976), The Methods and Materials of
Demography, Academic Press, Inc., California.
United Nations (1973), The Determinants and Consequences of Population Trends, Vol. I,
Department of Economic and Social Affairs, New York.
Weeks, John R. (2015), Population: An Introduction to Concepts and Issues, Wadsworth
Publishing Company, California.
Unit-II
Sample Registration System in India: History and different Acts of Sample Registration
System, Uses and Limitations; Difference between Civil Registration System and Sample
Registration System; National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO) and its Different
Rounds.
Unit-III
Demographic and Health Surveys (History, Objectives/Goals, Questionnaire, Available
Information): World Fertility Survey (WFS); National Family and Health Survey (NFHS);
District Level Household and Facility Survey (DLHS); Indian Human Development
Survey (IHDS); Annual Health Survey (AHS);Longitudinal Aging Study in India
(LASI);Comprehensive Nutrition Survey; Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) – India;
National Mental Health Survey of India.
Unit-IV
United Nation’s Data: Demographic and Social Statistics, Demographic Yearbook, World
Population Prospects, UNICEF, UNFPA, UNDP and UNIFEM; World Health
Organization WHO): Data Bank, Indicators, Countries Covered; International Labour
Organization (ILO); International Organization for Migration (IMO); World Bank Data:
Open Data Base System, Restricted Data Base System.
Unit-V
Data Appraisal (Evaluation and Adjustment of Data): Types and Sources of Errors in
Population Data; Adjustment in Age Data: Graphical Representation of Age Data,
Whipple’s Index, Myer’s Index, United Nation’s Age-Sex Accuracy Index-Assumptions,
Applications and Limitations; Completeness of Vital Registration Data;
Chandrasehkaran’s Deming Formula; Smoothing of Age Data.
Suggested Readings:
Bhende, A. and T. Kanitkar (2019), Principles of Population Studies, Himalaya Publishing
House, Mumbai.
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Bose, Ashish (2001), Population of India: 2001 Census Results and Methodology, B. R.
Publishing Corporation, Delhi.
Crook, Nigel (1997), “Principles of Population and Development: With Illustrations from
Asia and Africa”, in Ian Timaeus and Nigel Crook (eds.), Population and Subsistence:
Theories and Evidences: Part-I, Oxford University Press, London.
Demeny, Paul (2003), Population Policy: A Concise Summary,Policy Research Division
Working Paper No. 173, Population Council, New York.
Hauser, Philip M. and O. D. Duncan (eds.) (1959), The Study of Population, University of
Chicago Press, Chicago.
Pathak, K. B. and F. Ram (1998),Techniques of Demographic Analysis, 2nd Edition, Himalaya
Publishing House, Bombay.
Srinivasan, K. (1998), Basic Demographic Techniques and Applications, Sage Publications, New
Delhi.
Stauffer, Cheryl Lynn (ed.) (2000), Human Population: Fundamentals of Growth and Change,
Population Reference Bureau, Washington, D.C.
Unit-II
Importance of Studying Fertility; Basic Concepts in Fertility – Fecundity, Fecundability
and Sterility, Birth Order and Parity; Basic Measures of Fertility: Crude Birth Rate, General
Fertility Rate, Age-specific Fertility Rate, Total Fertility Rate, Gross Reproduction and Net
Reproduction Rates, Child-Woman Ratio; Fertility Differentials by Socio-economic
Status;Sex Preference and its Relation with Fertility.
Unit-III
Fertility Decline in European and Non-European Industrialized Countries; Factors and
Implications of Fertility Decline in Developed Countries; Pattern of Fertility Transition in
Developing Countries With Special Focus on SAARC Region; Fertility Transition in India:
Historical Trendsand Regional Patterns.
Unit-IV
Theories of Fertility: Davis and Blake Intermediate Variable Framework and Bongaart’s
Proximate Determinant Model; Social Capillarity Theory; Theory of Diffusion and
Cultural Lag; Theories of Leibenstein, Becker and Easterlin; UN Threshold Hypothesis.
Lee and Bulatao framework of fertility determinants
Unit- V
Family Planning: Meaning, Objectives and Importance; History of Family Planning
Movement in the World; Evolution of Family Planning Programme in India; Methods of
Family Planning: Modern and Traditional Methods;Use and Effectiveness of Family
Planning Methods; Contraceptive Rates: Prevalence and Continuation Rates; Concept of
Unmet Need for Family Planning; Family Planning and HIV; Adolescent, Youth and
Family Planning; Sex Preference and Family Planning.
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Suggested Readings:
Bhende, A. and T. Kanitkar (2019),Principles of Population Studies, Himalaya Publishing
House, Mumbai.
Caldwell, J.C. (1982),Theory of Fertility Decline,Academic Press, Inc., London.
Driver, Edwin D. (2016),Differential Fertility in Central India, Princeton University Press,
New Jersey.
Guilmoto, C. Z. and S. I. Rajan (2001),“Spatial Patterns of Fertility Transition in India
Districts”,Population and Development Review, 27(4), 713-38.
Hauser, Philip M. and O. D. Duncan (eds.) (1959),The Study of Population,University of
Chicago Press, Chicago.
Shryock, Henry S., Jacob S. Siegel and Associates (1976),The Methods and Materials of
Demography, Academic Press, Inc., California.
Bongaarts, J. and RobertG. Potter (1983),Fertility, Biology and Behaviour: An Analysis of the
Proximate Determinants, Academic Press, Inc., New York.
Rele, J. R. (1987),“Fertility Levels and Trends in India, 1951-81”,Population and Development
Review, 13(3), 513-530.
Unit-II
Mortality: Concept and Definition; Basic Measures: Crude Death Rate, Specific Death
Rates (Age-specific Death Rate, Sex-specific Death Rate, Cause-specific Death Rate,
Maternal Mortality, U-5 Mortality, Child Mortality, Infant Mortality, Post-neonatal and
Neonatal Mortality, Late and Early Neonatal Mortality, Perinatal Mortality).
Unit-III
Mosley and Chen Framework for the Study of Child Survival; Levels and Trends of Infant
and Child Mortality in Odisha; The Causes of High Infant Deaths in BIMARU States;
Levels, Trends and Determinants of Mortality in Developed and Developing Countries
with special reference to India.
Unit-IV
Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases: Concepts and Causes of Sickness,
Major Issues of Community Health: Immunization, Nutrition, Reproductive and Child
Health, Sanitation; Issues of Women's Health; Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY);
Disability-Adjusted Life Expectancy (DALE).
Unit-V
Cross-examination of Morbidity and Mortality by Ethnicity, Education, Gender, Nutrition,
Age and Sex; Occupational Morbidity and Health Hazards; Public Health Expenditure in
India; Out of Pocket Expenditure for Morbidity and its Variation by Income, Marital
Status and Place of Residence.
Suggested Readings:
Bhende, A. and T. Kanitkar (2019), Principles of Population Studies, Himalaya Publishing
House, Mumbai.
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Bose, Ashish (2001), Population of India: 2001 Census Results and Methodology, B. R.
Publishing Corporation, Delhi.
Das Gupta, Monica, L. C. Chen and T. N. Krishnan (eds.) (1996), Health, Poverty and
Development in India, Oxford University Press, Delhi.
Demeny, Paul (2003), Population Policy: A Concise Summary, Policy Research Division
Working Paper No. 173, Population Council, New York.
Mahadevan, K. (ed.) (1992), Health Education for Quality of Life, B. R. Publishing
Corporation, Delhi.
Park, K. (2015),Text Book of Preventive and Social Medicine, Bhanot Publishers, Jabalpur.
Preston, Samuel H. (ed.) (1982), Biological and Social Aspects of Mortality and the Length of
Life, Ordina Editions, Liege.
Shryock, Henry S., Jacob S. Siegel and Associates (1976), The Methods and Materials of
Demography, Academic Press, Inc., California.
Srinivasan, K. (1998), Basic Demographic Techniques and Applications, Sage Publications, New
Delhi.
United Nations (1973), The Determinants and Consequences of Population Trends, Vol. I,
Department of Economic and Social Affairs, New York.
Unit-II
Basics of Operating System, Basics of Popular Operating System (LINUX, WINDOWS),
Word Processing Basics, Opening Word Processing Package, Menu Bar, Using the Help,
Using the Icons Below Menu Bar.
Unit-III
Opening and Closing Documents, Opening Documents, Save and Save As, Page Setup,
Print Preview, Printing of Documents, Elements of Electronic Spread Sheet, Opening of
Spread Sheet, Addressing of Cells, Printing of Spread Sheet, Saving Workbooks.
Unit-IV
File Management, System Maintenance, Protection from Virus, Worms, Malware and
Spyware, Search Engine; Graphical User Interface(GUI): Concept of GUI, Evolution of
Human and Machine Interface, Common Graphical User Interface terms, Functionality of
Graphical User Interface, A Look at Some Graphical User Interfaces.
Unit-V
Practice: Basics of Microsoft Office: Word (Formatting, Table Creation etc.), Excel
(Calculation and Formula Writing), Power Point (Hyperlink, Animation, etc.), Web
Browsing, Basics of Email and Online Applications, Scanning of Documents, CD Writing,
Preparation of CV/Resume.
Suggested Readings:
Bansal, S. K. (2001), Internet Technologies, APH Publishing Corporation, Delhi.
Bartee, Thomas C. (2001), Digital computer Fundamentals, TATA McGraw Hill, Noida.
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Floyd, Thomas L. (2015), Digital Fundamentals, Ninth Edition, Pearson Education India,
Delhi.
Goel, A. (2010), Computer Fundamentals, Pearson Education India, Delhi.
Norton, Peter (2017), Introduction to Computers, Sixth Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, Noida.
Rajaraman, V. (2014), Fundamentals of Computers, 6th Edition, PHI Publications, Delhi.
Sinha, Pradeep K. and Priti Sinha (2004), Computer Fundamentals, 8th Edition, BPB
Publications, Kolkata.
Wang, Wallace (2011), MS-Office 2007 for Dummies, Wiley Publishing Company, New
Jersey.
Unit II
Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median and Mode; Measures of Dispersion: Range,
Quartile Deviation, Mean Deviation and Standard Deviation; Coefficient of Variation;
Measures of Skewness and Kurtosis; Measures of Location: Quartile, Decile and Percentile.
Unit III
Concepts of Statistical Population and Sample; Concepts of Sample, Parameter and
Statistic; Sampling Distribution of a Statistic, Types of Sampling: Probability and Non-
probability Sampling; Sample Variance and Sample Proportion; Estimate of Standard
Error.
Unit IV
Probability: Concept and Basic Properties, Distribution: Normal and Abnormal; Moving
Average; Arithmetic and Exponential Growth Rates; Interpolation and Extrapolation;
Dependent and Independent Variables; Bi-variate ad Multivariate Association between
Different Variables/Factors.
Unit V
Correlation Analysis - Pearson and Spearman Coefficients; Regression Analysis: Linear
Regression and Multiple Regression Models; Concepts of Hypothesis, Null and
Alternative Hypotheses, Level of Significance, Type I and Type II Errors; Parametric
Tests: ‘F’, ‘t’ and ‘Z’; Non-Parametric Tests and their Uses, Chi-square Test.
Suggested Readings:
Blalock (Jr.), Hubert M. (1979), Social Statistics, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Croxton, F. E., D. J. Cowden and S. Klein (1982), Applied General Statistics, Prentice-Hall of
India, New Delhi.
Goon, A. M., M. K. Gupta and D. Dasgupta (1985), Basic Statistics, World Press, Calcutta.
Gupta, S. C. (1992), Fundamentals of Statistics, Himalaya Publishing House, Bombay.
Ramchandran, P. (1968), Social Work Research and Statistics, Allied Publishers, Bombay.
Siegel, Jacob S. and David A. Swanson (eds.) (2004), The Methods and Materials of
Demography, Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego.
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Snedecor, G. W and W. G. Cochran (1994), Statistical Methods, Oxford and IBH Publishing
Company, New Delhi.
Weiss, Robert S. (1968), Statistics in Social Research: Introduction, John Wiley and Sons, New
York.
Unit II
International Migration: Sources of Data and Types - Labour Migration, Brain Drain,
Refugee and Illegal Migration; Determinants; Consequences upon Demography, Economy
and Society; Socio-economic Effects of Remittances; Linkage of International Migration
with Health; World System Theory, Social Network Theory, Cumulative Causation
Theory.
Unit III
Urbanization: Concept, Importance of Study and Sources of Data; Urban and Related
Concepts used in Indian Census; Components of Urban Population Growth; Kingsley
Davis Model of Urbanization; Level and Tempo of Urbanization; City Population
Distribution; Rank Size Rule and Primacy Index.
Unit IV
Direct Measures of Internal Migration: Estimation of Lifetime and Inter-censal Migration
from Place of Birth; Duration of Residence and Place of Last Residence Data; Indirect
Measures of Internal Migration: National Growth Rate Method; Vital Statistics Method;
Survival Ratio Methods; Problems of Base Population.
Unit V
Theories of Internal and International Migration – Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration, Everett
Lee’s Theory of Migration, Todaro’s Model of Rural-Urban Migration, Lewis-Fei-Ranis,
Stouffer, Zelinsky, Neoclassical Economic Theory, New Household Economic Theory,
Duel Labour Market Theory, World System Theory, Social Network Theory, Cumulative
Causation Theory.
Suggested Readings:
Chandana, R. C. (2002), Geography of Population: Concepts, Determinants and Patterns,
Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
Chopra, Kanchan (2001), Migration, Common Property, Resources and Environmental
Degradation, Sage Publications, New Delhi.
Halton, T. J. and J. G. Willianson (1998), The Age of Mass Migration: Causes and Economic
Impact, Oxford University Press, New York.
Mangalam, J. J. (1968), Human Migration: A Guide to Migration Literature, University of
Kentucky Press, Lexington.
8
Pathak, K. B. and F. Ram (1992), Techniques of Demographic Analysis, Himalaya Publishing
House, Bombay.
Shaw, Gareth and Dennis Wheeler (1985), Statistical Techniques in Geographical Analysis,
John Willey and Sons, Chichester.
Siegel, Jacob S. and David A. Swanson (eds.) (2004), The Methods and Materials of
Demography, Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego.
Yadava, K. N. S. (1989), Rural-Urban Migration in India: Determinants, Patterns and
Consequences, Independent Publishing Company, Delhi.
Unit-II
Philosophical Foundations: Equality, Freedom, Justice, Human Dignity, Self-respect,
Human Values, Individual and Collective, Power and Authority, Right to be Human,
Moral and Ethical Base of Human Kind; Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), International Covenant on
Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR).
Unit-III
Inclusive Policy: Concepts, Meaning and Forms of Social Inclusion, Poverty and
Dimensions of Social Exclusion; Reducing Poverty by Tackling Social Exclusion; Current
Policies of Protective Discrimination, Public Policies to reduce Social Exclusion,
Constitutional Safeguards, Post-industrial Structuralism, Norm of Structural Exclusion.
Unit- IV
Women: Development of International Norms for Protection of Women, National
Commission for Women; Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes: National Commissions,
State Commissions; Protection of Civil Rights (PCR) Act, and the subsequent SC and ST
Prevention of Atrocities Act 1989 and Rules 1995; Declaration on the Rights of
Indigenous Peoples.
Unit- V
Development and Trade off on Human Rights: The Divide between the Developing
Countries and the Developed Countries; From ITO to WTO: Uruguay Round of GATT
Negotiations; Technology and Workers Rights; From Consumer Rights to Human Rights;
Trade related sanctions for human rights violations. Employment of Manual Scavengers
and Construction of Dry Latrines (Prohibition), Act 1999; Housing Scheme for
Marginalized Communities.
Suggested Readings:
Ahuja, Ram (1993), Indian Social System, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
Himanshu. (2018). India Inequality Report: Widening Gaps. London: Oxfam.
Kalaramdam, Sreevidya (2016), Panchayat Raj and Empowerment of Women, New
Century Publications, New Delhi.
9
Kury, Helmut and Sławomir Redo (eds.) (2018), Refugees and Migrants in Law and Policy:
Challenges and Opportunities for Global Civic Education, Springer International
Publishing, Cham.
Oommen, T. K. (2014), Social Inclusion in Independent India, Orient Blackswan, New
Delhi.
Subramanyam. V. and K Sekhar (2010), Social Exclusion, Integration and Inclusive
Policies, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
Team Prabhat Prakashan (2019), Government Schemes, Missions, Campaigns and
ProgrammesIn India, Prabhat Prakashan, New Delhi.
The World Bank (2011), Poverty and Social Exclusion in India, Washington, D. C.
Thorat, Sukhadeo and Narender Kumar (2008). B.R. Ambedkar: Perspectives on Social
Exclusion and Inclusive Policies, New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Thorat, Sukhadeo (2009). Dalits in India: Search For Common Destiny, New Delhi: Sage
Publications.
Young, Katharine G. (ed.) (2019), The Future of Economic and Social Rights, Cambridge
University Press, New York.
Unit I
Epidemiology: Historical aspect, Definition, Components and Aims; Epidemiological
Methods: Descriptive Epidemiology, Analytical Epidemiology - Case Control and Cohort
Studies; Concepts of Attributable and Relative Risk; Concept of Experimental
Epidemiology; Concepts of Association and Causation; Uses of Epidemiological Studies.
Unit II
Investigation of an Epidemic: Objectives and Major Steps; Screening for Diseases:
Concept, Use and Types; Screening Test and its Evaluation; Randomized Controlled Trail:
Concept, Steps, Types; Non-Randomized Trails: Concepts and Types.
Unit III
Health: Concept and its determinants; Public Health: concept and historical aspect; Health
Care of the Community: Concept, Levels, Elements and Principles of Health Care;
Assessment of Health Status and Health Problems; Primary Health Care in India: Village,
Sub-centre, PHC, CHC and District Levels; Health Insurance.
Unit IV
Health System: Goals, Elements and Characteristics, Multi-Levels of Operations,
Interactions and Interrelationships; Overview of the Health System in India; Policy
Making: Key Components; Health Policy and Analysis: Policy Actors, Focus and Forms of
Policy Analysis; Development of National Health Policy: Evolution of Indian National
Health Policies in 1981-83, 2001 and 2017.
Unit V
Sustainable Development Goals; ICDS Programme; National Rural Health Mission;
National Health Programmes on communicable diseases: National AIDS Control
Programme (NACP), Integrated Disease Surveillance Projects (IDSP); National health
Programmes on Non-communicable Diseases: National Tobacco Control Programme
(NTCP), National Mental Health Programme (NMHP).
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Suggested Readings:
Banerji, Debabar (1985), Health and Family Planning Services in India: An Epidemiological,
Socio-cultural and Political Analysis and A Perspective, Lok Prakash, New Delhi.
Good, Christopher Saxty (ed.) (1976), The Principles and Practice of Clinical Trials:Based on a
Symposium organized by the Association of Medical Advisers in the Pharmaceutical
Industry, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.
McMahon, B. and T. F. Pugh (1970), Epidemiology: Principles and Methods, Little Brown and
Company, Boston.
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2000), Bulletin on Rural Health Statistics in India,
Government of India, New Delhi.
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2002), National Health Policy: 2002, Government of
India, New Delhi.
Park, K. (2009), Text Book of Preventive and Social Medicine, BanarsidasBhanot Publishers,
Jabalpur.
United Nations (2010), Millennium Development Goals Report 2010, Department of Economic
and Social Affairs, New York.
Epidemiology and Management for Health Care: Sathe,et al. Popular Prakashan,
Mumbai,
Maxcy-Rosenau-Last Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Fourteenth Edition Ed
Robert Wallace, MD, et al.
Unit II
Environmental Degradation: Air pollution, Water Pollution, Soil Pollution, Noise
Pollution, Green House Effect: Global Warming, Climate Change, Ozone Depletion, Acid
Rain; Population growth and carrying capacity; Pressure of Population Growth on Land:
Soil Erosion, Desertification, Deforestation and Soil Salinity.
Unit III
Environment in the Context of Development, Interrelationship between Population
Growth, Environment and Development; Concepts of Development and Its Measures:
Human Centered Development-Welfare Approach, Investment in Human Capital
Approach, Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Sustainable Development Goals
(SDG) in relation to Environment.
Unit IV
Implications of population growth on food supply, water, sanitation, housing,
employment, health and education; Human Eco-systems: Ecological imbalance caused by
natural and human factors and their impacts on human ecological systems;
Environmental Sustainability.
Unit V
Environment in the Context of Development, Interrelationship between Population
Growth, Environment and Development, Guidelines for Environmental Protection,
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International Protocols, Developmental Plans, Polices and Strategies in India in the
Context of Population and Environment.
Suggested Readings:
Dash, M. C. and P. C. Mishra (2001), Man and Environment, Macmillan India, Calcutta.
Kumar, U. and M. J. Asija (2007), Biodiversity: Principles and Conservation, Agrobios (India),
Jodhpur.
Mehta, C. S. (2009), Environmental Protection and the Law, A.P.H. Publishing Corporation,
New Delhi.
Narayan, B. (2009), Disaster Management, A.P.H. Publishing Corporation, New Delhi.
Prakash, Indu (1994), Disaster Management: Societal Vulnerability to Natural Calamities and
Man Made Disasters, Preparedness and Response Indian Scene, Rashtra Prahari
Prakashan, Ghaziabad.
Sharma, P. D. (2000), Ecology and Environment, Rastogi Publications, Meerut.
Singh, Savindra (2015), Environmental Geography, Pravalika Publications, Allahabad.
Singh, Y.K. (2006), Environmental Science, New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi.
Unit II
Quantitative Methods of Data Collection: Direct, Self-administered and Telephonic
Interview; Qualitative Methods of Data Collection: Participant and Non-participant
Observation; Focus Group Discussion, Construction of Schedule and Questionnaire;
Research Ethics.
Unit III
Concept and Importance of Sampling; Difference between Sample Survey and Census;
Sampling Frame; Sample Size Determination; Large-scale Survey- National Family Health
Survey, District Level Household Survey, National Sample Survey Organization;
Sampling and Non-sampling Errors; Pilot Survey.
Unit IV
Variable: Meaning and Measurement Scales; Data Processing: Editing, Classification and
Tabulation; Meaning and Need of Interpretation of Data; Presentation of Uni-variate, Bi-
variate, and Multi-variate Tables; Report Writing: Steps, Format and Referencing/
Bibliography.
Unit V
Level of Measurement: Nominal, Ordinal, Interval and Ratio; Types of Scales: Likert,
Thurstone and Bogardus Social Distance Scales; Comparative Rating Scale, Non
Comparative Rating Scale; Intellectual Property Rights.
Suggested Readings:
Ahuja, Ram (2001), Research Methods, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
12
Blalock (Jr.), Hubert M. (1979), Social Statistics, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Croxton, F. E., D. J. Cowden and S. Klein (1982), Applied General Statistics, Prentice-Hall of
India, New Delhi.
Goode, William J. and Paul K. Hatt (1952), Methods in Social Research, McGraw-Hill, New
York.
Goon, A. M., M. K. Gupta and D. Dasgupta (1985), Basic Statistics, World Press, Calcutta.
Kothari, C. R. (2004), Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques, New Age International
Publishers, New Delhi.
Weiss, Robert S. (1968), Statistics in Social Research: Introduction, John Wiley and Sons, New
York.
Young, V. P. and F. C. Schmid (1973), Scientific Social Survey and Research: An Introduction to
the Background, Contents, Methods, Principles and Analysis of Social Studies, Prentice-
Hall of India, New Delhi.
Unit I
Indian Economy: The Pre-British Period; Trend and Pattern of Economic Development
after Independence; National Income, Human Resources and Development, Occupational
Structure, Natural Resources and Environmental Quality, Infrastructure.
Unit II
Concept of Economic Growth and Development; Characteristics of Modern Economic
Growth; Kuznets economic growth and income inequality; concept of sustainable
development.; Assessing Development from Per Capita Income to PQLI; Human
Development Index (HDI), Gender Development Index (GDI), Human Poverty Index
(HPI).
Unit III
India as a Developing Economy: Meaning and Characteristics of Indian Economy as a
Developing Economy, Major Issues of Development. Process of Industrial transition,
Natural Resources, Economic development and environmental Degradation;
Globalization: Meaning and Scope; Globalization and its Advocacy; Globalization and its
Impact on India.
Unit IV
Non-specific Classical and Neo-classical Theories: Schumpeterian, Marxian; Rosenstein-
Rodan; Stage Theory; Myrdal and Hirschman; Arthur Lewis's Two-Sector Model; Big
Push Theory, Liebenstein's Critical Minimum Effort Theory, Harrod-Domar and Solow's
Growth Models.
Unit V
Agriculture and WTO, Food Processing, Subsidies, Agricultural Prices and Impact of
Public Expenditure on Agricultural Growth; Infrastructure in the Indian Economy:
Energy, Power and Transport in India’s Economic Development, Growth of Indian
Railways, Rail-Road Co-ordination; Water Transport in India, Civil Aviation in India;
Communication System in India.
13
Suggested Readings:
Bhagwati, Jagdish and Arvind Panagariya (eds.) (2012), India’s Reforms: How they Produced
Inclusive Growth, Oxford University Press, New York.
Byres, T. J. (ed.) (1998), The Indian Economy: Major Debates Since Independence, Oxford
University Press, Delhi.
Datt, Gaurav and Ashwani Mahajan (2016), Indian Economy, S. Chand Publishing, New
Delhi.
Dreze, Jean and Amartya Sen (1997), Indian Development: Selected Regional Perspectives,
Oxford University Press, Delhi.
Kapila, Uma (ed.) (2019), Indian Economy: Performance and Policies,, Academic Foundation,
New Delhi.
Puri, V. K. and S. K.Misra (2019), Indian Economy, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.
Tendulkar, Suresh and T. Bhavani (2012), Understanding Reforms: Post-1991 India, Oxford
University Press, Delhi.
Vakil, C. N., C H Shah and R P Nevatia (1979), Agricultural Development of India: Policy and
Problems, Orient Longman, New Delhi.
Bates, Robert H. (Ed.) (1988), Toward a Political Economy of Development: A Rational Choice
Perspective, University of California Press, Berkeley.
Chenery, H. B. and T. N. Srinivasan (Eds.) (1988), Handbook of Development Economics, Vol.
I, North Holland, New York.
Hettne, B. (1982), Development Theory and the Third World, Swedish Agency for Research
Cooperation with Developing Countries, Stockholm.
Kurien, C.T. (1996), Economic Reforms and the People, Madhyam Books, Delhi.
Sinha, R.K. (Ed.) (1992), Economic Crisis, Management and Challenges: Restructuring the Indian
Economy, Deep & Deep Publishers, New Delhi.
Todaro, M.P. (1989), Economic Development in the Third World, 4th edition, Longman,
London.
Unit-II:
Land Reforms: Need and Scope, Abolition of Intermediaries, Tenancy Reforms, Ceiling on
Land Holdings Operational land holding in India, Problems of sub-division and
Fragmentation of Holdings, Co-operative Farming. Agricultural Marketing, Co-operative
Marketing. Minimum Support Price for Food Grains; NABARD and its Role in Rural
Credit.
Unit-III:
Food security: Concept, measurement; Food Insecurity and linkage to Nutrition,
Determinants of food Insecurity, Dimensions of Food security problems. Household Food
Security: Concept, Indicators, Measurement, Local food Systems, Land Tenure and Food
Security.
14
Unit-IV:
Food Security in India: Concept, Food self-sufficiency and Food Security, PDS and its
Impact on Poverty. Policy options for reforms of PDS. Mechanization of Agriculture and
Food Security; Agricultural Subsidies: Subsidies on Fertilizers, Pesticides, Seeds. Flood,
Drought and Monsoon Irregularities and Food Insecurity; Farmers’ Suicides and
Agricultural Burden in India.
Unit-V
Agrarian Structure of Odisha: Agrarian Economy, Productivity and Land Tenurial
Systems; Land Reform; Trend in Industrial Productivity in Orissa; Odisha’s Economy:
Income, Employment, Consumption Expenditure and Cost of Living; Agriculture and
Allied Sectors, Industrial and Service Sectors.
Suggested Readings:
Ahuja, Ram (1993), Indian Social System, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
Kalaramdam, Sreevidya (2016), Panchayat Raj and Empowerment of Women, New
Century Publications, New Delhi.
Kury, Helmut and Sławomir Redo (eds.) (2018) , Refugees and Migrants in Law and
Policy: Challenges and Opportunities for Global Civic Education, Springer
International Publishing, Cham.
Oommen, T. K. (2014), Social Inclusion in Independent India, Orient Blackswan, New
Delhi.
Subramanyam. V. and K Sekhar (2010), Social Exclusion, Integration and Inclusive
Policies, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
Team Prabhat Prakashan (2019), Government Schemes, Missions, Campaigns and
ProgrammesIn India, Prabhat Prakashan, New Delhi.
The World Bank (2011), Poverty and Social Exclusion in India, Washington, D. C.
Young, Katharine G. (ed.) (2019), The Future of Economic and Social Rights, Cambridge
University Press, New York.
Unit –I
Definitions, Concepts and Terminologies: Gender, Unequal Gender Relations, Gender
Equity, Gender Disparities, Gender Inequalities, Gender Main Streaming, Gender
Sensitive Planning and Gender Balance; Feminists Theories: Evolution of Feminism; Shift
from Women in Development to Gender in Development. International and National
Experiences: Different Theories of Feminism.
Unit –II
Gender and Social Institutions in India: State, Legal System, Religious, Family, Society,
Marriage Customs and Patterns, Dowry System; Implications for Sex Ratio Trends and
Patterns in India: Son Preference, Desired Sex Composition of Children, Child Sex Ratio,
Sex Ratio at Birth and Sex Selective Abortion;
Unit-III
Gender Based Violence; Gender and Mass Media: Language, Image and Portrayal of
Women in Different Mass Media; Gender Mainstreaming; Assisted Reproductive
Technologies and its Use and Misuse; Measures to Address Infertility in India, Gender
Sensitive Financing and Budgeting.
15
Unit –IV
Reproductive Health (RH): Definition and Rationale of RH Approach; Evolution of Ideas
about Reproductive Health; Components of RH and Life Cycle Approach of RH; Abortion:
Spontaneous, Induced Abortion, Legal and Illegal Abortions, Safe and Unsafe Abortions,
Laws regarding Abortion in India; Infertility: Measurement of Infertility, Sexual
Dysfunction
Unit –V
Gender and Reproductive Health: Rights Based Approach to Gender Equity And
Reproductive Health and HIV/ AIDS; Gender and HIV/AIDS Vulnerability and its
Demographic Impact; Reproductive Rights and Ethical Issues; Human Rights and Values:
Ethical Values in RH Services, Information, Liberty of Choice, Professional and Ethical
Issues.
Suggested Readings:
Basu, Alaka M., (1992): Culture, The Status of Women and Demographic Behaviour,
Oxford University, New York.
Berer, M., (2000): Making Abortions Safe: A Matter of Good Public Health Policy and
Practice, Bulletin, WHO, Vol. 78(5), pp. 590-592. 2.
Bott, S. et al (Eds. 2003): Towards Adulthood: Exploring the Sexual and Reproductive
Health of Adolescent in South Asia, World Health Organization, Department of
Reproductive Health and Research, Geneva. 28
Dyson, Tim and Mick Moore, (1983). “On Kinship structure, female autonomy, and
demographic behaviour in India”, Population and Development Review vol. 9(1),
pp. 35-60.
Ellsberg Mary and Heise Lori L. (2005) Researching violence against women: A practical
guide for researchers and activists. WHO and Path, Washington D.C.
Folbre, Nancy. (1992). Improper arts: Sex in classical political economy. Population and
Development Review. 18(1): 105-112.
Gita Sen, Adreinne Germain and Lincoln C. Chen, (Eds.), (1994): Population Policies
Reconsidered: Health and Empowerment and Rights, Harvard University Press,
Harvard
Unit- II
Monitoring and Evaluation Framework; Requirement of Resources for Monitoring and
Evaluation, Engagement of Stakeholders in Monitoring and Evaluation; Capacity Building
for Monitoring and Evaluation. Capacity Building for Formative evaluation and
Summative Evaluation.
Unit-III
Meaning of Indicators, Process of Developing Indicator, Illustration of Indicators
Developed from Large Scale Surveys-DLHS, NFHS,LASI; Measurement, Need & Levels of
16
Indicator; Challenges in Developing Indicators from Large-Scale Surveys; Types of
Indicators – Input, Process, Output, Outcome, Impact.
Unit-IV
Monitoring of Policy Implementation: Components of Policy and Programme, Budget,
Staff, Process of Monitoring, Developing Tangible Indicators for Policy; Monitoring in
terms of Input, Process, Output, Outcome, Impact; Result based Inference.
Unit-V
Evaluation Design: Determination of Sample Size under Different Approaches and Design
Including Measurement of Change due to Interventions; Quasi Experiment Design, Case
Control Design, Evaluation Terms of Reference- Formative and Summative Evaluations,
Possible Errors during Evaluations.
Suggested Readings
FHI (2004). Introduction to Monitoring and Evaluation Monitoring and Evaluation,
monitoring HIV/AIDS programs: A facilitator’s training guide. Family Health
International
GoI& UNDP (2012). Guiding Framework for Monitoring and Impact Evaluation of
Capacity Building &Training of Panchayati Raj Institutions in States/UTs.
Government of India and United Nation’s Development Programme
Gupta, S. C and V. K. Kapoor (2014), Fundamentals of Applied Statistics, Sultan Chand &
Sons, Delhi.
IFRC and RCS (2002). Handbook for Monitoring and Evaluation. International Federation
of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies –Geneva
Rossi, Peter H., Mark W. Lipsey and Howard E. Freeman (2004). Evaluation, A Systematic
Approach. Seventh Edition. Sage Publications – New Delhi.
UNDP (2009). Handbook on planning, monitoring and evaluating for development
results. United Nations Development Programme - New York.
UNESCO (2014). Monitoring and Evaluation Guidance for School Health Programs:
Thematic Indicators. United National Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization.
Kothari, C.R. (2004). Research methodology, methods and techniques (Second revised
edition).New Delhi:New Age lnternational (P) Ltd., Publishers.
Unit-I
Statistical Approaches of Evaluation of Intervention Programme: Statistical Inferences
used in Different Intervention Design – z, t, F and Paired ‘t’ Tests; Difference in
Difference Method; Theory and Application, Advantage and Disadvantage, Regression
Implementation.
Unit-II
Log frame Matrix; Mandatory requirements for programme; SWOT analysis of National
Health Mission, Reproductive and Child Health Programme, Integrated Child
Development Services and National Adolescent Health Mission; Social Audit - Data
Requirement and Analytical Approaches, Case Study of Social Audit.
17
Unit-III
Management Information System and Use of Technology: MIS (Monitoring Information
System)- Development of Indicators, Testing of Indicators and Finalization of Indicators;
Role of Programmers; HMIS system; Global Positioning System and Use of Other
Technology.
Unit-IV
Data Requirement at Different Stages of the Project; Evaluation at Different Points:
Baseline, Mid-point, Concurrent and End-line Evaluation; Principles, Norms and
Standards for Evaluation; Randomization, Statistical Design of Randomization;
Randomized Control Trials, Time Dependant Cluster Design, Interrupted Time Series
Analysis.
Unit-V
Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA): Calculation of Benefits, Calculation of Cost and Calculation
of Net Benefits; Assumptions and Limitations of Cost-Benefit Analyses; Cost Effectiveness
Analysis (CEA); Systematic Reviews; PRISMA 2020 Checklist; Meta-Analysis; Realist
Synthesis.
Suggested Readings:
Casley, Dennis J and Kumar, Krishna (1988). The Collection, Analysis, and Use of
Monitoring and Evaluation Data. A World Bank Publication, The John Hopkins
University Press
NIRD≺ MoRD and TISS (2016). Social Audit: A manual for Trainers. National Institute
of Rural Development &Panchayati Raj; Ministry of Rural Development and Tata
Institute of Social Sciences
Bhattacherjee, Anol. (2012). Social science research: Principles, methods, and practices.
Textbooks collection. Book 3. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/oa textbooks/3
Kothari, C.R. (2004). Research methodology, methods and techniques (Second revised
edition).New Delhi:New Age lnternational (P) Ltd., Publishers.
Sijapati, D.&Thapa, K., (2013). Social research method. PrathibhaPrakashan, patanDholgt,
Lalitpur.
Gupta, S. C and V. K. Kapoor (2014), Fundamentals of Applied Statistics, Sultan Chand &
Sons, Delhi.
Page, MJ., McKenzie, JE.,Bossuyt PM et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated
guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 2021;372:n71.
Ramchandran, P. (1968), Social Work Research and Statistics, Allied Publishers, Bombay.
Siegel, Jacob S. and David A. Swanson (eds.) (2004), The Methods and Materials of
Demography, Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego.
Snedecor, G. W and W. G. Cochran (1994), Statistical Methods, Oxford and IBH Publishing
Company, New Delhi.
Mishan, E. J. (2016). Elements of Cost-Benefit Analysis, Routledge, London.
Unit-I
Concept of Large Scale Surveys, Need for Large Scale Survey, Objectives Of Cross-
Sectional, longitudinal, Rotational Surveys. Sample Size Determination and Sample
Allocations for such Surveys to Districts, States and Regions in Terms of Individuals,
Households and Primary Sampling Units.
18
Unit-II
Sources of Sampling Frame for Cross-Sectional, Longitudinal and Rotational Surveys;
Explicit and Implicit Stratifications, Domain Controlled Sampling by Regions and Social
Groups, Merging and Segmentation Procedures for Small and Large Primary Sampling
Units. Mapping and Listing for Preparation of Frame for Last Stage Sampling Units.
Sample Selection of PSUs and Households.
Unit-III
Revisit of Sub-samples, Field Check Tables, Non-response Pattern, and Quality lot
Assurance, Roles of Supervisors, Editors, Field and Nodal Agencies; Third Party Audit;
Ethical Considerations in Large Scale Sample Surveys.
Unit-IV
Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI), Process of Data Transfers, Introduction to
Features of Census and Survey Processing System (CSPro), Steps for Development of Data
Entry Software in CSPro, Estimation of Sampling Weights, Preparation of Factsheets,
Reports and Other Deliverables.
Unit-V
Introduction to Evaluation of Population, Health and Family Welfare Programme,
Objectives of the Evaluation, Types of Evaluation, Evaluation Framework, Types and
Levels of Indicators in FW Programme Evaluation, Discussion on Methodological Issues
in Different Evaluation Studies in India.
Suggested Readings:
Bertrand Jane T., Robert J. Magnani, Naomi Rutenberg (1994): Handbook of Indicators for
Family Planning Programme Evaluation, The Evaluation Project, Carolina
Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
Chaudhuri Arijit. (2010). Essentials of Survey Sampling, PHI Learning, New Delhi
Government of India, (1996): Community Need Assessment, Ministry of Health and
Family Welfare, New Delhi.
Gupta S.P (2019). Statistical Methods, Sultan Chnad and Sons, New Delhi
Kish, Leslie, (1995). Survey Sampling, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York.
Kothari, C.R. (2004). Research methodology, methods and techniques (Second revised
edition). New Delhi: New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers.
Ladusingh, L. (2018). Survey Sampling Methods, PHI Learning, New Delhi
Lohr L. Sharaon. (1999). Sampling: Design and Analysis, Duxbury Press, London
Nardi, Peter M. (2018). Doing Survey Research: A Guide to Quantitative Methods,
Routledge.
Roy, T.K., Acharya R., Roy, A.K. (2016). Statistical survey design and evaluating impact,
Cambridge University Press, New Delhi.
Unit I
Population Studies: Scope and Relationship with Other Disciplines; Views of Malthus and
Karl Marx on Population; Theory of Demographic Transition and its Different Stages;
Sources of Demographic Data; Age-sex Structure and its Common Measures.
19
Unit II
Fertility: Concept and Basic Measures - Crude Birth Rate, Age-specific Fertility Rate and
Total Fertility Rate (TFR); Gross-Reproduction Rate (GRR) and Net Reproduction Rate
(NET), Methods of Family Planning; Determinants of Fertility; Theories of Fertility:
Social Capillarity Theory, Theory of Diffusion and Cultural Lag, Theories of Leibenstein.
Unit III
Concept of Health Status: Nourishment, Morbidity and Mortality; Basic Measures of
Nourishment, Morbidity and Mortality; Factors affecting Infant Mortality; Factors
Affecting Mortality Decline in India; Concepts of Life expectancy and Life Table.
Unit IV
Migration: Concept of Mobility and Migration, Sources and Quality of Data, Types of
Migration - Internal and International, Determinants and Consequences of Internal
Migration; Factors affecting Population Distribution; Urban Area, Urbanization and Urban
Population Growth; Urban Problems in India.
Unit V
Concepts and Measures of Population Ageing; Components of Population Ageing; Inter-
relationship between Population Ageing, Fertility, Mortality and Migration; Population
Ageing and Momentum of Population Growth, Age Structure Transition and Ageing, and
Declining Population; Population Policies in Developed and Developing Countries with
Special Reference to India.
Suggested Readings:
Bhende, A. and T. Kanitkar (2010), Principles of Population Studies, Himalaya Publishing
House, Mumbai.
Chandana, R. C. (2002), Geography of Population: Concepts, Determinants and Patterns,
Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
Das Gupta, Monica, Lincoln C. Chen and T. N. Krishnan (eds.) (1996), Health, Poverty and
Development in India, Oxford University Press, Delhi.
Desai, A. R. and S. Devidas Pillai (eds.) (1990), Slums and Urbanisation, Popular
Prakashan, Bombay.
Irudaya Rajan, (2007) Social Security for the Elderly Experiences from South Asia,
Routledge, New Delhi.
Pathak, K. B. and F. Ram (1992), Techniques of Demographic Analysis, Himalaya
Publishing House, Bombay.
Siegel, Jacob S. and David A. Swanson (eds.) (2004), The Methods and Materials of
Demography, Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego.
Srinivasan, K. (1998), Basic Demographic Techniques and Applications, Sage Publications,
New Delhi.
UNFPA (2001), Population Ageing and Development: Social, Health and Gender Issues,
United Nations, Malta.
World Health Organization (2015), WHO Report on Ageing and Health, WHO, Geneva
Yadava, K. N. S. (1989), Rural-Urban Migration in India: Determinants, Patterns and
Consequences, Independent Publishing Company, Delhi.
20
PS-401: STATISTICAL METHODS AND MEASURES
*Bold-marked bit(s) in each unit of the paper is/are for self-study by the students under
the guidance of concerned teacher.
***
21