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Pre Calculus q2 Week 5 Problems Involving Circular Functions

Calcilus lesson 4

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XantipheYvette Rabino
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11 views

Pre Calculus q2 Week 5 Problems Involving Circular Functions

Calcilus lesson 4

Uploaded by

XantipheYvette Rabino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PROBLEMS

INVOLVING
CIRCULAR
FUNCTIONS
PRE-CALCULUS
LEARNING C MPETENCY:

Solve situational
problems involving
circular functions.
(STEM_PC11T-Iid-2)
Introduction:
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
Repetitive or periodic
behavior is common in nature.
The time-telling device known
as SUNDIAL is a result of the
predictable rising and setting
of the sun everyday. It consists
of a flat plate and a gnomon.
As the sun moves across the
sky, the gnomon casts shadow
on the plate, which is calibrated
to tell the time of the day.
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
Some motions are also periodic. When a weight is
suspended on a spring, pulled down, and released, the weight
oscillates up and down. Neglecting resistance, this oscillatory
motion of the weight will continue on and on, and its height is
periodic with respect to time.
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION

Periodic motions are usually modeled by either sine or


cosine functions, and are called SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTIONS.
Unimpeded movements of objects like oscillation, vibration,
rotation, and motion due to water waves are real-life occurrences
that behave in simple harmonic motion.
EQUATIONS OF SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
The displacement 𝒚 (𝒅𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒓 𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉) of an object
behaving in a simple harmonic motion with respect to time (𝒕) is given
by one of the following equations:
𝒚 = 𝒂 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒃 𝒕 − 𝒄 + 𝒅 or 𝒚 = 𝒂 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒃 𝒕 − 𝒄 + 𝒅
In both equations, we have the following information:
𝑀−𝑚
• Amplitude 𝑎 = - the maximum displacement above and below
2
the rest position or central position or equilibrium, where 𝑴 is the
maximum height and 𝒎 is the minimum height;
2𝜋
• Period - the time required to complete one cycle (from one
𝑏
highest or lowest point to the next);
𝑏
• Frequency - the number of cycles per unit of time;
2𝜋
• 𝒄 – responsible for the horizontal shift in time; and
• 𝒅 – responsible for the vertical shift in displacement.
EXAMPLE 1:
A Ferris wheel is 60 ft. It
makes one revolution every
100 seconds. You climb up
6ft of stairs to get on the
wheel at its lowest point.
Model the height of the
rider as a sinusoidal
function and graph one
revolution.
EXAMPLE 2:
Suppose you ride a Ferris
wheel. The lowest point of the
wheel is 3 meters off the ground,
and its diameter is 20 m. After it
started, the Ferris wheel
revolves at a constant speed,
and it takes 32 seconds to bring
you back again to the riding
point. After riding for 150
seconds, find your approximate
height above the ground.
EXAMPLE 3:
A weight is suspended
from a spring and is moving up
and down in a simple harmonic
motion. At start, the weight is
pulled down 5cm below the
resting position, and then
released. After 8 seconds, the
weight reaches its highest
location for the first time. Find
the equation of the motion.
EXAMPLE 3:
A weight is suspended from a spring and is moving up
and down in a simple harmonic motion. At start, the weight is
pulled down 5cm below the resting position, and then released.
After 8 seconds, the weight reaches its highest location for
the first time. Find the equation of the motion.

SOLUTION:
We are given that the weight is located at its lowest position at
𝒕 = 𝟎; that is 𝒚 = −𝟓 when 𝒕 = 𝟎. Therefore, the equation is 𝒚 = −𝟓 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒃𝒕.
Because it took the weight 8 seconds from the lowest point to its
immediate highest point, half the period is 8 seconds.
1 2𝜋 𝜋 𝜋𝑡
𝑥 =8 → 𝑏= → 𝑦 = −5 𝑐𝑜𝑠
2 𝑏 8 8
EXAMPLE 4:
sine function; displacement zero at time 𝒕 = 𝟎;
moving up initially; amplitude = 10 cm; 𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒐𝒅 = 𝟔 𝒔𝒆𝒄

SOLUTION:
let a = 10, b = 6
2𝜋 2𝜋 2𝜋 𝜋
If the period = p = = , then b = =
𝑏 6 𝑝 3
𝑦 = 𝑎 sin 𝑏 𝑡 − 𝑐 + 𝑑, 𝑐 = 0 , no horizontal shift and 𝑑 = 0, no
vertical shift
𝜋
𝑦 = 10 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑡
3
EXAMPLE 5:
cosine function; lowest point 10 cm below the
equilibrium at time 𝒕 = 𝟎; 𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒐𝒅 = 𝟕 𝒔𝒆𝒄

SOLUTION:
let a = 10, b = 7
2𝜋 2𝜋 2𝜋 2𝜋
If the period = p = = , then b = =
𝑏 7 𝑝 7
Therefore, 𝑝 = 7.
𝑝 7
Hence, c = =
2 2
𝒚 = 𝒂 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒃(𝒕 − 𝒄) + 𝒅, d = has no vertical shift = 0
2𝜋 7
𝑦 = 10 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑡 − )
7 2
TRY IT!
Direction: Solve the following problems completely.

1. A Ferris wheel has a diameter of 36 meters and a


center C which is 20 meters above the ground. It rotates
once every 32 seconds. A platform allows a passenger
to get on the Ferris wheel at the point P which is 20
meters above the ground. If the ride begins at the point
P when the time 𝒕 = 𝟎 seconds, and passengers start by
travelling downward, find a function which models the
height above the ground of a passenger after 𝑡 seconds.
TRY IT!
2. A weight is suspended from a spring and is
moving up and down in a simple harmonic
motion. At start, the weight is pushed up 6 cm
above the resting position, and then released.
After 14 seconds, the weight reaches again to
its highest position. Find the equation of the
motion, and locate the weight with respect to
the resting position after 20 seconds since it
was released.
Thanks!
Do you have any questions?
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