Math EC Neyyattinkara

ASSERTION AND REASONING QUESTIONS

CLASS X MATHEMATICS

UNIT : NUMBER SYSTEM CHAPTER 1: REAL NUMBERS

Direction: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a

statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Q1: Assertion: The H.C.F. of two numbers is 16 and their product is 3072. Then
their L.C.M. = 162.
Reason: If a and b are two positive integers, then H.C.F. × L.C.M. = a × b.

Q2: Assertion: 𝟏𝟐𝒏 ends with the digit zero, where n is any natural number.
Reason: Any number ends with digit zero, if its prime factor is of the form 2m x
5𝑛 ,
where m and n are natural numbers.

Q3: Assertion: A number N when divided by 15 gives the remainder 2. Then the
remainder is same when N is divided by 5.
Reason: √3 is an irrational number.

Q4: Assertion: For any two positive integers p and q, HCF (p, q) × LCM (p, q) = p ×
q
Reason: If the HCF of two numbers is 5 and their product is 150, then their LCM
is 40.

Q5: Assertion: 8! ends with digit 0 for some positive integer n.

Reason: Prime factorization of a number ending with digit 0 is of the form2" × 5# ,

where a and b are positive integers.

Q6. Assertion: If HCF(26,169) = 13 then LCM(26,169) = 676.

Reason: 𝐻𝐶𝐹(𝑎 × 𝑏) × 𝐿𝐶𝑀(𝑎 × 𝑏) = 𝑎 × 𝑏.

Q7.Assertion: The largest number that divide 70 and 125 which leaves remainder 5
and 8 is 13.

Reason: HCF(65,117) = 13.

Q8. Assertion: The given pair of numbers 231 and 396 are co-prime.

Reason: 231 and 396 have only 1 as a common factor

ANSWERS: 1) d 2) d 3) b 4) c

5) d 6) d 7) a 8)d

UNIT : ALGEBRA CHAPTER 2: POLYNOMIALS

Direction: In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a

statement of Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Q1: Assertion: A quadratic polynomial can have at the most two zeroes.

Reason: x2 + 7x + 12 has no real zeroes.

Q2: Assertion: If the sum of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 − 2kx + 8

is 2 then value of k is 1.

Reason: Sum of zeroes of a quadratic polynomial ax2+bx+c is − b/a

Q3: Assertion: If the product of the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial ax2 + 3x + 5k
is −10 then value of k is −2.

Reason: Sum of zeroes of a quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c is −b/a.

Q4: Assertion: x + 1 is a Linear Polynomial

Reason (R): The polynomials of degree 1 are called linear polynomials.

Q5: Assertion: −1 & −4 are the zeroes of polynomial x2 − 3x − 4

Reason: a real number k is said to be a zero of polynomial P(x) if P(K)= 0

Q6. Assertion: x = 2 is a zero of the polynomial 𝑥 $ + 2𝑥 − 8.

Reason: A real number ‘a’ is zero of a polynomial p(x) if p(a) = 0.

Q7. Assertion: 𝑝(𝑥) = 14𝑥 % − 2𝑥 $ + 8𝑥 & + 7𝑥 − 8 is a polynomial of degree 3.

 Reason: The highest power of x in the polynomial p(x) is the degree of the
polynomial.

ANSWERS:

1) c 2) a 3) b 4) a 5) d 6)a 7) a

UNIT : ALGEBRA
CHAPTER – 3 -PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES
Directions:
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation
of Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason is not the correct
explanation of Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) If Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.

1. ASSERTION: There are infinite number of lines which passes through (1, 13)
REASON: A linear equation in two variables has infinitely many solutions
ANS b)
2. ASSERTION: The graph of linear equations 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 12 and 5𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 4
gives a pair of intersecting lines
REASON: The graph of linear equation s 𝑎' 𝑥 + 𝑏' y+ 𝑐' = 0 and
"! #
𝑎$ 𝑥 + 𝑏$ y+ 𝑐$ = 0 gives a pair of intersecting lines if ""
≠ #!
"

ANS a)
3. ASSERTION: If the pair of lines are coincident , then we say that pair of
lines is inconsistent and it has a unique solution.
REASON: If the pair of lines are parallel then the pairs has no solution and is
called consistent pair of equations.
ANS d)
4. ASSERTION: If one equation of a pair of dependent linear equations is
−3𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 2 = 0 The second equation will be −𝟔𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎𝒚 − 𝟒 = 𝟎
"! # (
REASON: The condition for dependent linear equation is ""
= #! ≠ (!
" "

ANS c)
 UNIT : ALGEBRA CHAPTER- 4 QUADRATIC EQUATION
1 Assertion: If one root of the quadratic equation 6x2 – x – k = 0 is 2/3, then the
value of k is 2.
Reason: The quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0 has atmost two roots.
2..Assertion: (2x – 1)2 – 4x2 + 5 = 0 is not a quadratic equation.
Reason: An equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0, where a, b, c ∈ R is called a
quadratic equation.
3. Assertion: The roots of the quadratic equation x2 + 2x + 2 = 0 are imaginary
Reason: If discriminant D = b2 – 4ac < 0 then the roots of quadratic equation ax2 +
bx + c = 0 are imaginary.
4. Assertion: 3x2 – 6x + 3 = 0 has repeated roots.
Reason: The quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 have repeated roots if discriminant
D>0
ANS1.b ANS 2. a ANS 3. a ANS4. C

UNIT: ALGEBRA CHAPTER 5 - ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION

a) Both assertion and reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation
for Assertion
b) Both assertion and reason are correct and Reason is not the correct
explanation for Assertion
c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false
d) Both Assertion and Reason are false
1. ASSERTION: Sum of natural number from 1 to 100 is 5050
REASON: The formula of general term an is an = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
ANS: b)
2. ASSERTION: If numbers a, b, c are in AP then b-a = c-b
REASON: Given three numbers are in AP then the common difference will be
same
ANS a)
3. ASSERTION: The value of n, if a =10 , d= 5, an =95 is 18.
!
REASON: The formula of general term an is an= $ [ 2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]

ANS c)
4. ASSERTION: The sum of the series with the nth term 𝑡! = 9 − 5𝑛 is 220
when number of terms n = 6
REASON: Sum of first n terms in an AP is given by the formula
Sn= 2𝑛 [ 2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
ANS d)
UNIT : GEOMETRY CHAPTER 6: TRIANGLES

Directions:

In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of

reason (R).
Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(b)Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(c)Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d)Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
Q.1. Assertion (A): If two sides of a right angle are 7 cm and 8 cm, then its third
side will be 9 cm.
Reason (R): In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of
the squares of the other two sides.

Answer: (d)

Q.2. Assertion (A): If ∆ABC and ∆PQR are congruent triangles, then they are also
similar triangles.
Reason (R): All congruent triangles are similar but the similar triangles need not be
congruent.

Answer: (a)

Q.3. Assertion (A): In the given figures, ΔABC ~ ΔGHI.

Reason (R): If the corresponding sides of two triangles are proportional, then they
are similar.

Answer: (a)

Q.4. Assertion (A): In the ∆ABC, AB = 24 cm, BC = 10 cm and AC = 26 cm, then

∆ABC is a right angle triangle.
Reason (R): If in two triangles, their corresponding angles are equal, then the
triangles are similar.

Answer: (b)
Q.5. Assertion (A): In the given figure, PA || QB || RC || SD.
Reason (R): If three or more line segments are perpendiculars to one line, then they
are parallel to each other.

Answer: (a)

UNIT : CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY

CHAPTER-7 COORDINATE GEOMETRY

Directions:
In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
reason (R).
Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(b)Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(c)Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d)Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

1. Assertion : The point which divides the line joining the points A(1, 2) and B(-
)' *
1, 1) internally in the ratio 1: 2 is ( $ , % )
Reason: The coordinates of the point P(x, y) which divides the line segment
joining the points A (𝑥' , 𝑦' ) and B(𝑥$ , 𝑦$ ) in the ratio 𝑚' : 𝑚$ is
+! ," -+" ,! +! ." -+" .!
L +'-+$
, +'-+$
M

2. Assertion : Ratio in which the line 3x + 4y = 7 divides the line segment

joining the points (1, 2) and (- 2, 1) is 4 : 9
Reason : The coordinates of the point P(x, y) which divides the line segment
joining the points A(𝑥' , 𝑦' ) and B(𝑥$ , 𝑦$ ) in the ratio 𝑚' : 𝑚$ is
+! ," -+" ,! +! ." -+" .!
L +'-+$
, +'-+$
M
3. Assertion : C is the mid-point of PQ, if P is (4, x), C is (y,- 1) and Q is (- 2,
4), then x and y respectively are -6 and 1.
 Reason : The mid-point of the line segment joining the points P(𝑥' , 𝑦' ) and
,! -," .! -."
Q(𝑥$ , 𝑦$ ) is L $
, $
M
4. Assertion : The point (0, 4) lies on y -axis.
Reason : The X co-ordinate on the point on y -axis is zero

5. Assertion : The point (-1, 6) divides the line segment joining the points (-3,
10) and (6, -8) in the ratio 2 : 7 internally.
Reason : Three points A,B and C are collinear if AB + BC = AC

ANS1. d ANS2. a ANS3. a ANS4. a ANS5.b

UNIT – 5 CHAPTER – 8 –INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY

Directions:

(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
1.Assertion: The value of sin 600 cos300 + sin 300 cos 600 is 1

Reason: sin 900=1 and cos 900=0

(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
2. Assertion: sin A is the product of sin and A.
Reason: The value of sin θ increases as θ increases.
ANS : (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
3. Assertion: In ∆ ABC, right-angled at B, AB = 24 cm, BC = 7 cm. The value of
𝟐𝟒
tan C is
𝟕

Reason: tan C = Opposite side/Adjacent side.

ANS (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
𝟒
4. Assertion : The value of sin θ = is possible.
𝟑

Reason : Hypotenuse is the largest side in any right angled triangle.

Ans :(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

UNIT – 5 CHAPTER – 9 –SOME APPLICATION OFTRIGONOMETRY
In the following questions ,a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
reason (R ) .Mark the correct choices as:

(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
1) Assertion: The angle of elevation of an object viewed, is the angle formed by the
line of sight with the horizontal when it is above the horizontal level.
Reason: The angle of depression of an object viewed, is the angle formed by the
line of sight with the horizontal when it is below the horizontal level.
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
2.Assertion: If the length of shadow of a vertical pole is equal to its height, then the
angle of elevation of the sun is 45°
Reason : According to Pythagoras theorem, h2= l2+b2 , where h = hypotenuse, l =
length and b = base
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
3.Assertion : In the figure, if AB = 10 m, then height BC = 10 m
!" $%
Reason : tan 45 =
"#
= "#
𝟏𝟎
1 = 𝑩𝑪 OR BC =10

Ans: (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason
(R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
4. Assertion: The line of sight is the line drawn from the eye of an observer to the
point in the object viewed by the observer.
Reason: Trigonometric ratios are used to find height or length of an object or
distance between two buildings
Ans: (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
 UNIT – GEOMETRY CHAPTER 10 - CIRCLES

DIRECTION: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed

by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:

(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).

(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).

(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

1. Assertion: If in a circle, the radius of the circle is 3 cm and distance of a point

from the center of a circle is 5 cm, then length of the tangent will be 4 cm.

Reason: (hypotenuse)2 = (base)2 + (height)2

Ans: (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).

2. Assertion: If length of a tangent from an external point to a circle is 8 cm, then

length of the other tangent from the same point is 8 cm.

Reason: Length of the tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal.

Ans: (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).

3. Assertion: If in a cyclic quadrilateral, one angle is 400, then the opposite angle is
1400.

Reason: Sum of opposite angles in a cyclic quadrilateral is equal to 3600.

Ans: (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false

4. Assertion: In the following diagram, ∠POQ = 2 ∠ PRQ

Reason: Angle subtended by the arc at the centre is double the angle subtended by
it on the remaining part of the circle

Ans: (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).

UNIT : MENSURATION Chapter 12 : AREA RELATED TO CIRCLES

In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a

statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).

(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).

(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

Q.1. Assertion (A): In a circle of radius 6 cm, the angle of a sector is 60°. Then the
area of the sector is 132/7 cm².

Reason (R): Area of the circle with radius r is πr²

Ans. (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).

Q. 2. Assertion:The length of the minute hand of a clock is 7 cm. Then the area
swept by the minute hand in 5 minute is 77/6 cm2.
Reason (R): The length of an arc of a sector of angle q and radius r is given by

Ans. (b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
assertion (A).

Q. 3. Assertion: Area of a segment of a circle is less than the area of its

corresponding sector.

Reason: The area of the circle inscribed in a square of side a cm, π a2/4.

Ans. (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

Q. 4.Assertion: If outer and inner diameter of a circular path is 10m and 6m then
area of path is 16π m2.

Reason: if R and r be the radius of outer and inner circular path = π(R2- r2)

Ans. (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).

UNIT : MENSURATION

CHAPTER 13 : SURFACE AREAS & VOLUMES

Directions:

a) Both Assertion(A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation for Assertion (A)

b) Both Assertion(A) and Reason(R) are true but Reason(R) is not correct
explanation for Assertion.

c) Assertion(A) is true but Reason(R) is false.

d) Both Assertion(A) is false and Reason(R) is true.

1.Assertion(A): If we join two hemispheres of same radius along their bases, then we
get a sphere.

Reason(R): A tank is made of the shape of a cylinder with a hemispherical

depression at one end. The height of the cylinder is 1.45 m and radius is 30 cm. The
total surface area of the tank is 3.5 m2

Ans: b) both Assertion(A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason(R) is not correct
explanation for Assertion(A)

2. Assertion(A): The volume of two sphere are in the ratio 27: 8 then the surface
area is in the ratio 3:2 .
%
Reason(R): Volume of sphere= 𝜋𝑟 ' and it’s surface area= 4𝜋𝑟 &
&

Ans: c) both Assertion(A) is true and Reason(R) is false.

3. .Assertion(A): Savita had to make a model of a cylindrical kaleidoscope for her

science project. She wanted to use chart paper to make the curved surface of the
kaleidoscope. 550cm2 would be the area of chart paper required by her, if she
wanted to make a kaleidoscope of length 25 cm with a 3.5 cm radius.

Reason(R): Area of chart paper required = curved surface area of the kaleidoscope=
2πrh
 Ans: a) both Assertion(A) and Reason(R) are true and Reason(R) is correct
explanation for Assertion(A).

4. Assertion(A): The lateral surface area of a right circular cone of height 28 cm and
base radius 21 cm is 2310 cm2

Reason(R): Lateral surface area = πrl2

Ans: c) Assertion(A) is true but Reason(R) is false.

UNIT - STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

DIRECTION: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a
statement of reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

Q1) Assertion: Two dice are thrown simultaneously. There are 11 possible
𝟏
outcomes and each of them has a probability 𝟏𝟏
.
Reason: Probability of an event (E) is defined as
𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐟𝐚𝐯𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐨𝐮𝐭𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐬
P(E) = 𝐓𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐧𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐞

Q2) Assertion: The probability of an event that cannot happen or which is

impossible, is equal to zero.

Reason: The probability lies between 0 and 1. Hence, it cannot be negative.

Q3) Assertion: If P(E) = 0.07, then its probability of ‘not E’ is 0.93

Reason: P(E) + P(not E) = 1

Q4) Assertion: The probability of getting a bad egg in a lot of 400 is 0.035. The
number of bad eggs in the lot is 14.

Reason: If the probability of an event is p, the probability of its complementary

event will be 1 – p

Q5) Assertion: If the value of mode and mean is 60 and 66 respectively , then the
value of median is 64.

Reason: 3 Median = ( Mode + 2 Mean)

Q6)

Q7)

ANS.1) d ANS2) b ANS3) a ANS4) b

ANS5) a ANS6) b ANS7) d

Dear students
Try to understand these questions.
These questions are very important
for your Board Exam