INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15487
Third edition
2018-09
Textiles — Method for assessing
appearance of apparel and other
textile end products after domestic
washing and drying
Textiles — Méthode d'évaluation de l'aspect des vêtements et autres
produits textiles finis après lavage et séchage domestiques
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ISO 15487:2018
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Reference number
ISO 15487:2018(E)
© ISO 2018
ISO 15487:2018(E)
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ISO 15487:2018
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Published in Switzerland
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ISO 15487:2018(E)
Contents Page
Foreword......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... iv
1 Scope.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references....................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Principle......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
5 Apparatus...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
6 Test specimens........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6
6.1 For garments or textile end product tests........................................................................................................................ 6
6.2 For fabric tests.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
7 Procedure..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
7.1 Washing and drying............................................................................................................................................................................. 7
7.2 Conditioning............................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
7.3 Observation................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7
7.4 Appearance assessment (qualitative method)............................................................................................................. 8
7.5 Grading of the smoothness appearance (optional).................................................................................................. 9
7.6 Grading of the appearance of seams (optional)....................................................................................................... 10
7.7 Grading of the appearance of creases (optional).................................................................................................... 10
7.8 Grading of the pilling, fuzzing or matting appearance (optional)............................................................ 11
7.9 iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Grading of the colour change and staining (optional)........................................................................................ 11
7.10 Evaluation of the spirality (optional)................................................................................................................................ 12
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7.11 Appearance rating of textile end products (optional)........................................................................................ 12
8 Expression of results......................................................................................................................................................................................13
ISO 15487:2018
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Annex A (informative) Information1e0627833690/iso-15487-2018 on digital descriptions of the ISO smoothness
appearance, crease and seam pucker replicas....................................................................................................................14
Annex B (informative) Example of appearance rating of textile end products......................................................15
Bibliography.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved iii
ISO 15487:2018(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
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World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www.iso
.org/iso/foreword.html. (standards.iteh.ai)
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles, Subcommittee SC 2, Cleansing,
finishing and water resistance tests. ISO 15487:2018
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This third edition cancels and replaces the 1e0627833690/iso-15487-2018
second edition (ISO 15487:2009), which has been technically
revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— in Clause 1, the appearance assessment has been extended to colour change, pilling, fuzzing, matting
appearance of fabrics, damage of components (buttons, press fasteners, slide fasteners, etc.) and
physical garment changes (e.g. spirality);
— in Clause 3, the term “durable press” has been deleted and the succeeding terms have been
renumbered;
— in Clause 6, the distinction of preparation of different test specimens (fabrics, garments, etc.) have
been specified;
— in 7.4, the use of manikin for the garment assessment has been introduced, and a (non-exhaustive)
list of appearance changes (Table 1) for the qualitative method of the assessment has been added;
— procedures described in 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9 and 7.10 have been modified and clarified;
— a new informative Annex B showing an example of appearance rating has been added;
— new references have been added in the Bibliography.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15487:2018(E)
Textiles — Method for assessing appearance of apparel
and other textile end products after domestic washing
and drying
1 Scope
This document specifies a method of test for evaluating the appearance of apparel and other textile
end products after one or several domestic washing and drying treatments. The appearance evaluated
includes colour change, pilling, fuzzing, matting appearance of fabrics, smoothness appearance of
flat fabric and seams, and the retention of pressed-in creases in garments and other textile products,
damage of components – buttons, press fasteners, slide fasteners, etc.
This document is applicable to any washable textile end product of any fabric construction. Techniques
for seaming and creasing are not included since the purpose is to evaluate textile end products as
they are supplied from the manufacturer or as ready-to-use. Techniques for seaming and creasing are
controlled by fabric properties.
This method has been developed primarily for use with domestic washing machines of Type B as
defined in ISO 6330, but it can be used with any type of machine defined in ISO 6330.
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It is recognized that prints and patterns can mask the wrinkled appearance present in textile end
products. The rating process is, however, based on the visual appearance of specimens including such
effects.
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ISO 15487:2018
2 Normative references
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1e0627833690/iso-15487-2018
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 105-A03, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A03: Grey scale for assessing staining
ISO 139, Textiles — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
ISO 6330, Textiles — Domestic washing and drying procedures for textile testing
ISO 16322-3, Textiles — Determination of spirality after laundering — Part 3: Woven and knitted garments
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
appearance
overall visual impression of garments and other textile end product, quantified by comparison of
individual components with appropriate reference standards
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ISO 15487:2018(E)
3.2
crease retention
<fabrics> visual impression of an inserted crease, quantified by comparison with a set of reference
standards
3.3
dryer crease
<fabrics> sharp fold or line running in any direction in a laundered or dried specimen
Note 1 to entry: Dryer creases are unintended results of restricted movement of specimens in the washer or
the dryer.
3.4
laundering
<fabric, garments and textile end products> process intended to remove soils and/or stains by treatment
(washing) with aqueous detergent solution and normally including rinsing, extracting and drying
3.5
seam smoothness
<fabrics> visual impression of flatness of a seamed specimen
3.6
smoothness appearance
<fabrics> visual impression of flatness of a specimen
4 Principle iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
4.1
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Garments or other textile end products are subjected to procedures simulating domestic laundering
practices. One of the washing and drying procedures specified in ISO 6330 is used, as agreed between the
ISO 15487:2018
interested parties.
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4.2 Garments or other textile end products are visually assessed under specified illumination.
A supplemental spot light suitably placed to highlight the creased area of the textile is used in crease
evaluation.
4.3 If required, garments or other textile end products are compared visually with plastic smoothness
appearance replicas, plastic crease replicas and/or photographic seam standards under specified
illumination.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Washing and drying apparatus, as specified in ISO 6330.
5.2 Lighting and evaluation area, in a darkened room using lighting arrangement shown in Figure 1
and Figure 2 and comprising the following items. Lamp dimensions should be chosen to extend beyond
the overall surface of a test specimen and replicas, when used for the assessment.
5.2.1 Two cool white (CW) fluorescent lamps, placed side by side, without baffle or glass, a minimum
of 2 m in length each.
5.2.2 One white enamel reflector, without baffle or glass.
5.2.3 One thick plywood viewing board, painted in grey to match grade 2 on the grey scale for
assessing staining specified in ISO 105-A03.
2 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
ISO 15487:2018(E)
5.2.4 One 500 W reflector floodlight and lightshield, for protecting the viewer’s eyes from direct
light for grading creases, as illustrated in Figure 2.
Dimensions in metres
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Key
1 replica ISO 15487:2018
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2 test specimen 1e0627833690/iso-15487-2018
3 board for viewing
4 example of fluorescent lamp placement
Figure 1 — Lighting and viewing arrangement for test specimens for smoothness and seam
appearance
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ISO 15487:2018(E)
Dimensions in metres
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Key
1 replica
2 test specimen
3 light shield
4 500 W reflector floodlight
5 observer
6 arbitrary eye level
Figure 2 — Lighting and viewing arrangement for creases only
5.3 Manikin, three dimensional form (used commonly for tailoring).
4 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
ISO 15487:2018(E)
5.4 American Association of Textile Chemists and Colourists (AATCC) standard plastic crease
replicas, prepared for evaluating creases, as shown in Figure 3.
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FigureSTANDARD
3 — AATCC standard PREVIEW
plastic crease replicas
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5.5 AATCC photographic standards prepared for evaluating seam appearance (single- and
double-needle stitching), as shown in Figures ISO 15487:2018
4 and 5.
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Figure 4 — AATCC standard single-needle seam smoothness photograph
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ISO 15487:2018(E)
Figure 5 — AATCC standard double-needle seam smoothness photograph
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5.6 AATCC standard smoothness appearance replicas prepared for evaluating appearance, as
shown in Figure 6 (see also Annex A).
(standards.iteh.ai)
NOTE Details of the source of supply can be obtained from the Secretariat of ISO/TC 38/SC 2.
ISO 15487:2018
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Figure 6 — AATCC standard 3D smoothness appearance replicas
6 Test specimens
6.1 For garments or textile end product tests
Select three items for testing.
6 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
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6.2 For fabric tests
Prepare three test specimens, each measuring 38 cm × 38 cm, cut parallel to the length direction,
pinked to prevent fraying and marked to indicate the length direction
7 Procedure
7.1 Washing and drying
Wash and dry the specimens in accordance with one of the procedures specified in ISO 6330, as agreed
between the interested parties.
If required, repeat the selected washing and drying cycle four times to give a total of five cycles.
If dryer creases develop in specimens after any drying cycle except the last, they shall be rewet and
an attempt made to remove the creases prior to additional washing and drying. No attempt to remove
wrinkles or creases shall be made after the fifth cycle of drying.
7.2 Conditioning
Condition the test specimens for 4 h in the standard atmosphere specified in ISO 139, by hanging on a
hanger, straightening and smoothing facings, seams, etc.
7.3 Observation iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Three observers shall rate each (standards.iteh.ai)
treated test specimen independently, as follows:
a) The overhead fluorescent light (5.2.1) shall be the only light source for the viewing board (5.2.3). All
other lights in the room shall be turned ISOoff except when rating crease appearance. In that case, the
15487:2018
floodlight with reflector and light shield (5.2.4), positioned as shown in Figure 2, is also required.
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b) Fabrics shall be placed on to the viewing board. Garments and other end use items shall be placed
on or close to the viewing board that, as far as possible, the observer views them in the spatial
placement in which they are encountered in use.
c) The observer shall stand directly in front of the specimen, (120 ± 3) cm away from the board or,
when relevant, from the manikin. It has been found that normal variations in the height of the
observer above and below the arbitrary 1,5 m eye level have no significant effect on the grade given.
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved 7
