Laplace Transforms (Even-Numbered Items)

et
2Sf(t)=S
* #2
cost use integration by parts

=[scost+ 1 sint]
1752

=-
B #4 f(t) =
(1 + e2+)2

1
= + ze2t + ext

↓
25f(t)3 =
7 +
52 +

s -

C#
6 [[=35+
(4 y
+

3
=
2 + + + = 1 + 3 +

= 1 + 3t +
22 - +3 +

St

5 53 .
-

# 21 45 +
- = 4 + 6 -
e

e-ft
= 4 ft
+ -

#10
2 2)]
+ 1)( -

S2 + 1 A 1 +
2 + E
-
=
+
- S 2
S Str
-

s(s 1) (s + 1) (s
s
-
-
2)
Part 1

0t -

=
< 1

A #1 Find 2[f(t)3. f(t)

E t > 15

(0e
st
29 f(t)3
-

=
f(t)dt
0

=Fetdt+ (edt
Se-stt dt
((+
=
+

j-) i) (ies)
+
+

is +
(1 es
=

-
-
 st
*dt Ie
- -

u t du dt dv e +v
=
=

= = = -

Jesttdt it
-

jest !(etdt be et k
=

-
=

-
+
+

!e
-t
+ dt =
- e-
t( 5) fe( i)) (-1( j-))
+
=
+

-
+

i) +
=
-
+

jestd +(i (0 ) es
=

t
= -
-
-
=
 Find 1Sf(t)] using the LT formulas. 2[6f(t) Bg(t)3
+

c22f(t)3
=

023g(t)3
+

t43=
B #3 f (t) 4 t2 5 sinst 29
n
=

12-
=

422+23-529sin3t3 3
e
2 Sf(t) =

25sinkt3= 29 sinh kt =

4
- 5.5
s9 +
25eat 3 t = r
S-G

2[f(t)3 F(s)
I
=

2513
--
=

a 1
=

tr

BAS Aetsinht*f(t* sinht=ILet-et) 29ea4f(t)3 F(s a)

=
-

=et(I(et -
e- t))

I(e2+
= -

1)
25 + 7==

(29e2t3-2513) ( =
-

5)
 =F(see) =e
estant
a9sinntY=

.
- 5) (
=

) y(s) =

-es
 2
-

(F(s) B6(s)3
+

x2"3F(s)3
=

81" 36(s)3
+

#tain? I
c

sin at
=cosrt +
I

Estzr?=
-

2 sinkt

Y,n-3
2 coskt
=
 92
#
-

9x13 19y):Isint
=

it =y 2)s)
=

-(s)

Estzr?=
-

2 sinkt
 2509tf(t)3 FCs- a)
=

given that25fCt)3 F(s) =

Part2
2 "[F(s -a)3 ea +f(t)
=

A 1252
#
-
3+
+53 F(s 3)
=
+

f(t) t5
=

F(s)
+

5
=

=
a 3
=

= > "E 3:E!

953 5-
f,(t)-t
B #32 F(s)
-

= a Estes" as
+)
Fuls) t

(I felt)=
=

=
-
4t
2 -

FI-
--isisess
=

5
-

)"
-

f(t) fz(t)
=
-

7f,(t)
 (F(s)3
-

E
2 G(s+1) a
=
=
-1

FCss-e
#5

5
GCs) =

-
-En= et(3coshst-Esinhst)
f(t) 3
=

crshst-E sinh 5t

35 -
4 3(s 1)
= + -

4
-

3 3(s 1)
=
+
-

3+ 25 -
24 (5 25
=

1)
+
-

24 =1 (s 1)*
=
+
-

25

(S 1)2
+

2 "[F(s -a)3 = ea +f(t)

 2 #7 y' zy" y'-zy sin it
y(0) y(0) 0,y"(0) 1
=
=
+
- =
=

25y' 2y" + -

y'-zy3 25sin 3t3

=

(4(s) - 25y(x
+
-

x/7) -

2Y(s)
=
( 252 2)Y(x)
25g Y(s)
=

2)1)(i)
5
xes
+ -
- + =

I
3 25
2(y'3 s2943 -y(0) sY(s) 1
=

=
= -
+
-
s -
z

25y"7 522343-sy10)
=
-

y'(0) Si(s 2)
+
-

(s 2)
+

=
sY(S) -

5.0 -

0 sY(s)
=

=
(s 2)(s2 1)
+
-

2 Sy" 3 532343-sy(0)
=
-

sy'(0) -

y"(0) (s
=
+

2)(s 1)(s 1) +
-

=
SY(s) -

540-500-1 sY(S)
=
-

1
 Partial Fractions

* * +E
3
y(s)
*

s2))i)
e
*
=

S-1

3 (As B)
=

+
(s 2)(s
+
+ 1)(s 1)
-
e(s a)(s 1)(s 1)
+

+
+
- +

D(s +9)(s 2)(s 1) +

-

E(s q)(s 2)(s 1)

+
+

S 1
=

: 3 E((0)(3)(z)
=
E
+
Yz0
=

S = -1: 3 b(0)(1)(
=

-
2) -> D
-
=

3/z0

3
(((3)( 1)) 3) -> Y13
=
=
S 2
-

=- -

s4: -i
0 A 2 D E A c D E
i
= - -

+
=

coef of
+
+ =
- - =
+ +

constants: 3 =

-
2B -
92 -

18D +
18E - B I(
=
-
3 -

9.5
-

10.(2) 18(20))
+

3/65
-

=
y()
-
[YCs)3 cosst --sinst+ect- t
"

tet
-

y(t) 2 et
=
=

20

3 (As B)
=

+
(s 2)(s
+
+ 1)(s 1)
-
e(s a)(s 1)(s 1)
+

+
+
- +

D(s +9)(s 2)(s 1) +

-

E(s q)(s 2)(s 1)

+
+

3 A(s +2
=

23) B(s 2 5 z) c(s 852 9) +

-
5 -
+
+ -
-
+
+
-

D(S +5 75 95 18) E(s 35 115 27s 18)

+
+ +
+
+ - +

+
Systems of DE ( Homogeneous cases )

1. doc
=xt2y
Eigenvalues / Eigenvectors
ft

f !)
'

da det =
( I 7) (3-7)-8=0
-

= 4xt3y
,
dt

X Xz= l
,=5
-

,
T
K, =
( I 2)
T
Kz = C- I , 1)
,

Gen - solution
t

(f) est Caf )

'
-

X -

- c
,
t
,
e or

x= c, est -

cze
-
t
y
= 2C , est t Czet
,

Some particular solutions

Cz O C , =L → x Est y
=2e5t x=y/z or 2x Q1
y
=
-
-

• -
-

, ,

Et
-
t
•
Cz -

-
l , 4=0 → X = -

, y
-

- e
y
=
-

K Q2

Cz O C, I X= est zest Q3
→
y
-

= =
2x
-

y
- - -

•
-
-

, ,
t
-

t
• Cz= -
I
,
C, =D → x = e- , y
= -
e y
= -
X Q4

w
C , =Cz=l → x =
e5
't
e-
t
=
zest + e-
t

y
-

z .
x' =

( I 1) × ,
Not =
(I )

¢ I
2 -
X 4
= ( 2-7716-771-4=0 → x, -72=4
,

[I? 2411%1=0
-

Kit 214=0 → k ,=2kz

Ki -

l?)
Gen solution X -

c. (7) e4ttG[ (3) te4tt Pett]

[7411%1--14] IE: 3 P. art

toy
-

*
 (3) eat
't
X C, C te
caff )e4t
-

t ,
t

x= 2C , eat t 2Czte4t -
cze4t
"
y= C, e4t t Cz te
-

I = 2C
,
-

Cz
Ilo ) I
y lo ) 6 6 C,
-
= = =
,

I =
12 -

Cz Cz =
13

Particular solution :

x =
12e4tt26te4t -
Belt or x= f- It 26T )e4t

y = beat taste or y
=

@ t ist ) eat

4- 3i -5

x' ( chill 'll

( Y Ia ) x
-1=3
3 .
=
s
-

72=-3 't
k
,
=
( 4t3i )
Xi '
(4) cos 3T -

(3) sinzt

B. '

( Y) Bz= (f ) Xz= (f) coszt t

(4) sinzt

( 49ft ;Isin ) tapas ?:#

't

)
a sin 't
x -

c.

( 40053T 3 sin St ) t Cz Cos 3T t 4 sin St )

Ci
-

X. =
-

5C , cos 3T t 5 Cz Sin St
Y -

-
 Vector Fields
Item 1
In[31]:= A = {{1, 2}, {4, 3}};

In[32]:= MatrixForm[A]
Out[32]//MatrixForm=
1 2
4 3

In[52]:= a = VectorPlot[{x + 2 y, 4 x + 3 y}, {x, - 6, 6}, {y, - 6, 6}, Axes → True]

0
Out[52]=

-2

-4

-6

-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6

General Solution
In[34]:= x[t_, c1_, c2_] := c1 Exp[5 t] - c2 Exp[- t];

In[35]:= y[t_, c1_, c2_] := 2 c1 Exp[5 t] + c2 Exp[- t];

Particular Solutions
c1 = 1, c2 =0
In[38]:= b1 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, 1, 0], y[t, 1, 0]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Red];

c1 = -1, c2 =0
In[39]:= b2 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, - 1, 0], y[t, - 1, 0]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Green];

c1 = 0, c2 =1
In[40]:= b3 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, 0, 1], y[t, 0, 1]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Red];
2 SolnSystemDE.nb

c1 = 0, c2 =-1
In[41]:= b4 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, 0, - 1], y[t, 0, - 1]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Green];

c1 = 1, c2 =1
In[42]:= b5 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, 1, 1], y[t, 1, 1]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Red];

c1 = -1, c2 =-1
In[43]:= b6 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, - 1, - 1], y[t, - 1, - 1]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Green];

In[44]:= Show[a, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6]

10

0
Out[44]=

-5

-10

-10 -5 0 5 10

Item 2
In[45]:= A = {{2, 4}, {- 1, 6}};

In[46]:= MatrixForm[A]
Out[46]//MatrixForm=
2 4
-1 6
 SolnSystemDE.nb 3

In[53]:= a = VectorPlot[{2 x + 4 y, - x + 6 y}, {x, - 6, 6}, {y, - 6, 6}, Axes → True]

0
Out[53]=

-2

-4

-6

-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6

General Solution
In[48]:= x[t_, c1_, c2_] := 2 c1 Exp[4 t] + c2 (2 t - 1) Exp[4 t];

In[49]:= y[t_, c1_, c2_] := (c1 + t c2) Exp[4 t];

Particular Solutions
c1 = 1, c2 =0
In[54]:= b1 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, 1, 0], y[t, 1, 0]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Red];

c1 = -1, c2 =0
In[55]:= b2 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, - 1, 0], y[t, - 1, 0]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Green];

c1 = 0, c2 =1
In[56]:= b3 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, 0, 1], y[t, 0, 1]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Red];

c1 = 0, c2 =-1
In[57]:= b4 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, 0, - 1], y[t, 0, - 1]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Green];

c1 = 1, c2 =1
In[58]:= b5 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, 1, 1], y[t, 1, 1]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Red];

c1 = -1, c2 =-1
In[59]:= b6 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, - 1, - 1], y[t, - 1, - 1]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Green];
4 SolnSystemDE.nb

In[60]:= Show[a, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6]

0
Out[60]=

-2

-4

-6

-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6

Item 3
In[61]:= A = {{4, - 5}, {5, - 4}};

In[62]:= MatrixForm[A]
Out[62]//MatrixForm=
4 -5
5 -4
 SolnSystemDE.nb 5

In[63]:= a = VectorPlot[{4 x - 5 y, 5 x - 4 y}, {x, - 6, 6}, {y, - 6, 6}, Axes → True]

0
Out[63]=

-2

-4

-6

-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6

General Solution
In[64]:= x[t_, c1_, c2_] := c1 (4 Cos[3 t] - 3 Sin[3 t]) + c2 (3 Cos[3 t] + 4 Sin[3 t])

In[65]:= y[t_, c1_, c2_] := 5 (c1 Cos[3 t] + c2 Sin[3 t])

Particular Solutions
c1 = 1, c2 =0
In[66]:= b1 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, 1, 0], y[t, 1, 0]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Red];

c1 = -1, c2 =0
In[67]:= b2 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, - 1, 0], y[t, - 1, 0]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Green];

c1 = 0, c2 =1
In[68]:= b3 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, 0, 1], y[t, 0, 1]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Red];

c1 = 0, c2 =-1
In[69]:= b4 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, 0, - 1], y[t, 0, - 1]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Green];

c1 = 1, c2 =1
In[70]:= b5 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, 1, 1], y[t, 1, 1]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Red];

c1 = -1, c2 =-1
In[71]:= b6 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, - 1, - 1], y[t, - 1, - 1]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Green];

In[93]:= b7 = ParametricPlot[{x[t, 2, - 1], y[t, 2, - 1]}, {t, - 6, 6}, PlotStyle → Purple];

6 SolnSystemDE.nb

In[94]:= Show[a, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7]

0
Out[94]=

-2

-4

-6

-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6

In[78]:= b1

Out[78]=
-4 -2 2 4

-2

-4
 SolnSystemDE.nb 7

In[79]:= b2

Out[79]=
-4 -2 2 4

-2

-4

In[80]:= b3

Out[80]=
-4 -2 2 4

-2

-4
8 SolnSystemDE.nb

In[81]:= b4

Out[81]=
-4 -2 2 4

-2

-4

In[82]:= b5

Out[82]=
-6 -4 -2 2 4 6

-2

-4

-6
 SolnSystemDE.nb 9

In[83]:= b6

Out[83]=
-6 -4 -2 2 4 6

-2

-4

-6

In[96]:= Show[a, b5, b4, b7]

0
Out[96]=

-2

-4

-6

-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6