UNIT 7.

NATURAL WONDERS
OF THE WORLD
A. Pronunciation
● Sounds: /sl/ and /sn/
I. Underline the letters in the following words pronounced the sounds /sl/ or /sn/, and write them
in the correct row.
slang snatch snowman slap sniffle
slowly snowboard snooker sneaky snorkel
sluggish slum snore slender sledge
/sl/:
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
/sn/
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
II. Practise reading aloud the following sentences, paying attention to the sounds /sl/ and /sn/.
1. He fell into a deep sleep slowly.
2. You are on a slippery slope when you start lying about your age.
3. They slowly raised the slogan in the march.
4. She sneezed when she was cutting slices of onion.
5. After having a snack, I had a nice snooze on the sofa.
6. The tour guide spoke slowly, but he used some slang - we didn’t understand him.

B. Vocabulary
• Natural wonders
I. Complete the sentences with the words given below.
rainforest access annual destination biodiversity
charming sustainable landscape urgent paradise
1. We must improve the built environment through ________________ design and greener buildings.
2. The average ________________ rainfall in this region is 750 mm.
3. I’m afraid this can’t wait - it really is ________________.
4. The village is ________________ and the surrounding scenery is superb.
5. The Amazon river basin contains the world’s largest tropical ________________.
6. His idea of ________________ is to spend the day lying on the beach.
7. They emphasise the need to conserve the rural ________________.
8. The only ________________ to the village is by boat.
9. The mining project threatens one of the world’s richest areas of ________________.
10. It is the good weather that makes Spain such a popular tourist ________________.
● Word forms
II. Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words given in brackets
1. I have got a lot of ________________ for people who do that sort of work. (admire)
2. The documentary was made on ________________ in the Gobi Desert. (locate)
3. Janet is very interested in historic ________________. (preserve)
4. After a slight ________________, she began to speak. (hesitate)
5. The film takes us on a journey of ________________ to different parts of the globe. (discover)
6. ________________ are working to improve the quality of our lakes and rivers. (environment)
7. The wonderful ________________ of our region’s wildlife is now coming under threat. (diverse)
8. Interest developed in the scientific ________________ of the sea. (explore)
9. Please remember to take all your personal ________________ with you when you leave the
aircraft. (possess)
10. You have to ask for ________________ to leave. (permit)
● Vocabulary for Reading
III. Complete the sentences with the words given below.
area hiking mountain range volcano peak
desert eruptions sand dunes majestic cliff
1. With 43 volcanoes in Indonesia, there have been a total of 184 significant ________________ over
the past 1,700 years.
2. The iconic image of Mount Fuji is often described with a snow-capped ________________.
3. The Gobi is the largest ________________ in Asia and the fifth largest in the world.
4. We flew over the ________________ Grand Canyon.
5. Britain occupies a total ________________ of 88,789 square miles.
6. Lava from the ________________ was flowing down the hillside.
7. People always imagine Gobi as a lifeless sandy desert. In reality, only 5% of the total area are
________________.
8. A(n) ________________ divides the country into western and eastern sides.
9. Keep away from the edge of the ________________ - you might fall .
10. If the weather is fine, we will go ________________ this weekend.
● Prepositions
IV. Complete each sentence with the correct preposition.
1. Both their sons are crazy ________________ football.
2. The system has been designed to give the user quick and easy access ________________ the
required information.
3. The Great Barrier Reef is located ________________ the coast of Australia.
4. There were flags ________________ the tops of many of the buildings.
5. I can’t decide ________________ who to invite to the party.
6. In my opinion, he ranks ________________ the theatre’s greatest actors.
7. Her parents always regarded her ________________ the smartest of their children.
8. His dog was lying ________________ his feet.
9. ________________ the first months of life, an infant learns to lift its head, how to smile and how to
recognise its parents.
10. I am sure that Jack will do well ________________ the talent contest.

C. Grammar
• Reported speech (Yes / No questions)
I. Write reported questions.
1. “Have you cleaned your shoes?”
 She asked him
2. “Can you swim?”
 She asked me
3. “Are you listening to us?”
 We asked him
4. “Do you have a bicycle?”
 He asked me
5. “Have you played any sports in your free time?”
 The doctor asked him
6. “Are you in a hurry?”
 I asked my father
II. Put the words in the correct order to make reported questions.
1. “Were you on time?” she asked.
whether / had been /I / she / asked / on time
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. “Is your book on the table over there?” the teacher asked.
other there / the teacher / if / was / on the table / my book / asked
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. “Did you tell the truth?” she asked.
us / if / she / we / had told / the truth / asked
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. “Is it the time to start the concert?” he asked.
to start / asked / he / the time / if / was / it / the concert
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. “Have you seen my pen?” he asked.
whether / we / asked / had seen / he / his pen
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. “Will you invite all of your friends to the party?” Mai asked.
all of our friends / invite / we / would / to the party / asked / Mai / whether
___________________________________________________________________________________
III. Complete the reported questions.
1. “Have you ever explored a grotto?” we asked Tom.
___________________________________________________________________________________

2. “Have you ever heard about the legends about Ha Long Bay?’ the teacher asked the students.
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. “Did you go to Ha Long Bay last summer?” Jack asked Jane.
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. “Is the gate of the national park near the bus stop?” the man asked us.
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. “Is the teacher going to talk about the field trip to the countryside?” Jack asked Mai.
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. “Did you see the thief?” the police officer asked me.
___________________________________________________________________________________
IV. Complete the direct questions.
1. I want to know if you are fifteen years old.
“Are ______________________________________________________________________________?
2. Can you tell me whether you made that cake easily or not?
“Did ______________________________________________________________________________?
3. I’d like to know if you are arriving tomorrow morning.
“Are ______________________________________________________________________________?
4. I’d like to know whether she is ready or not.
“Are ______________________________________________________________________________?
5. Can you tell me if you have finished your homework?
“Have _____________________________________________________________________________?
6. I was wondering if you’ve got a laptop.
“Have _____________________________________________________________________________?
V. Choose the correct answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1. I wondered ________________ the right thing.
A. whether I was doing B. if I am doing
C. was I doing D. am I doing
2. He ________________ that he was leaving for London that afternoon.
A. told me B. told to me C. said me D. says to me
3. Bill asked Tom ________________ in London.
A. does the train arrive B. did the train arrive
C. whether the train arrives D. if the train arrived
4. I asked them when ________________ changed.
A. was the timetable B. the timetable is
C. the timetable has been D. the timetable had been
5. She warned me ________________ late-night horror films.
A. don’t watch B. shouldn’t watch C. not to watch D. not watching
6. They asked me how many children ________________ in the school.
A. there are B. are there C. there were D. were there
7. The scientist said the Earth ________________ the Sun.
A. goes around B. is going around C. had gone around D. was going around
8. My parents reminded me ________________ the flowers.
A. remember to plant B. not to forget to plant
C. to plant D. to planting
9. They said they had come back ________________.
A. yesterday afternoon B. the day before
C. last week D. the day before yesterday
10. He asked me ________________ a seat.
A. have I reserved B. if I have reserved
C. whether had I reserved D. if I had reserved

D. Reading
• Reading about a travel destination
I. Read the text and the tasks that follow.
 At 5,895 metres, Kilimanjaro in Tanzania is the highest mountain in Africa. Most people believe
that its name comes from the Swahili word for “white mountain”. That’s because the top of
Kilimanjaro is covered in an ice cap. However, this is 80% smaller than in 1912 and experts believe
that the mountain could have no ice and snow in the next 20 years.
 Kilimanjaro lies 330 km south of the equator and it comprises three volcanoes. Two of them,
Mawenzi and Shira are extinct. The highest one, Kibo, is dormant, so it could erupt again. It last
erupted 360,000 years ago, but its most recent volcanic activity was only 200 years ago. The highest
point on Kilimanjaro is called Uhuru, on the edge of Kibo’s crater.
 Every year about 25,000 people try to go up Kilimanjaro. It isn’t something you can do on your
own. Local guides lead groups of people along one of the six routes to the summit and porters carry
your equipment. You need to be fit to take on the challenge, but you don’t need any special climbing
experience. However, about two-thirds of people don’t succeed, usually because of altitude sickness.
 The fastest time to climb Kilimanjaro was 5 hours, 38 minutes and 40 seconds by an Italian,
Bruno Brunod, in 2001. The oldest person to climb Kilimanjaro was a Frenchman named Valtee Daniel.
He was 87.
(Adapted from Achievers)
Task 1. Match headings A-D with paragraphs 1-4.
A. More than a mountain _______
B. Record breakers _______
C. The roof of Africa _______
D. Too much for some _______
Task 2. Read the text, and mark the sentences T (true), or F (false). Correct the false statements.
1. Kilimanjaro is the highest mountain in the world.
________________________________________________________________________________
2. There is less ice on top of the mountain than in the past.
________________________________________________________________________________
3. Mawenzi and Shira are dangerous volcanoes.
________________________________________________________________________________
4. Uhuru Peak is at the bottom of a volcano.
________________________________________________________________________________
5. There’s only one way to the top of the mountain.
________________________________________________________________________________
6. Some people often become ill because they are high up.
________________________________________________________________________________
7. It took Bruno Brunod just over five and a half hours to get to Uhuru Peak.
________________________________________________________________________________
8. You can’t go up Kilimanjaro when you are elderly.
________________________________________________________________________________
II. Read the text, and mark the sentences T (true) or F (false). Correct the false statements.
The Floating Islands of Lake Titicaca
What is it like having a different view from your window every day? It’s just like this for the Uros
people of Lake Titicaca in Peru. There are over forty “floating” islands here. Every day they are in a
different place on the lake which is 12,500 feet above the sea level.
These floating islands are home to about 300 people. There are small villages with three to ten
families on each island. Uros homes are small reed huts with one room. There is one bed for the
whole family. There isn’t any heating, and it is sometimes very cold on the lake.
Life on the islands is very simple. The men are fishermen on the lake. They have reed boats with
amazing animal faces to go fishing. The women are at home with the children. There’s one school for
the children but there isn’t a hospital or doctors nearby. These days, the islands are very popular with
tourists. It’s only a 30-minute motorboat ride from the city of Puno to be on the islands. Everyone is
welcome to experience this unique way of way.
(Adapted from Prepare)
1. Lake Titicaca is 12,500 feet above the ground.
________________________________________________________________________________
2. There are many families on each floating island.
________________________________________________________________________________
3. Uros homes are often big.
________________________________________________________________________________
4. Their homes and their fishing boat are made of the same material.
________________________________________________________________________________
5. Their homes are very comfortable.
________________________________________________________________________________
6. They live on fishing on the lake.
________________________________________________________________________________
7. The women take care of their children.
________________________________________________________________________________
8. All children go to the same school, but there is no hospital there.
________________________________________________________________________________
9. Tourism will develop on the floating islands in Lake Titicaca.
________________________________________________________________________________
10. Local people are not interested in tourism.
________________________________________________________________________________
III. Read the text, and mark the sentences T (true) or F (false). Correct the false statements.
Snowdonia
At 1,085 m, Snowdon is the highest mountain in England and Wales. It also gives its name to the
National Park around it, Snowdonia. Located in the north-west of Wales, Snowdonia is the largest of
Wales’s three National Parks. Its landscape is beautiful, including mountains, valleys, forests, rivers
and lakes. One of these lakes, Bala Lake, is the largest natural lake in Wales. It is home to a lot of fish.
Snowdonia has also got a long coastline with lots of fantastic beaches. Some are rocky, but most are
wide and sandy like Black Rock Sands or Barmouth. It is no surprise that about eight million people
visit Snowdonia every year.
Every year, lots of people climb up Snowdon. You do not need to be an experienced climber, but it is
important to wear walking shoes and to take things with you, such as warm clothes, a torch, and
some water.
An easier way to get to the top is by train. The Snowdon Mountain Railways operates every day from
March to October. It can get very busy at certain times, for example in school holidays, so you should
book your tickets early.
(Adapted from Studio)
1. No other mountains in England and Wales are higher than Snowdon.
________________________________________________________________________________
2. Snowdonia is the largest national park in England and Wales.
________________________________________________________________________________
3. No other natural lakes in Wales are bigger than Bala Lake.
________________________________________________________________________________
4. We can find several geographical features in Snowdonia.
________________________________________________________________________________
5. All beaches in Snowdonia are sandy.
________________________________________________________________________________
6. Eight million people live in Snowdonia.
________________________________________________________________________________
7. You should prepare things before climbing up Snowdon.
________________________________________________________________________________
8. The Snowdon Mountain Railways works all year round.
________________________________________________________________________________
9. The train can take you to the top of Snowdonia.
________________________________________________________________________________
10. It can get busy during school holidays.
________________________________________________________________________________
IV. Read the text, and do the tasks below.
The Lake District
A. The Lake District National Park is in the north of England. There are 15 national parks in Britain, but
the Lake District is bigger than the others. It is about 55 kilometres from east to west and 55
kilometres from north to south. There are mountains, lakes, woods, towns, villages and even some
beaches.
B. The Lake District is famous for its beautiful scenery. There are a lot of mountains and hundreds of
hills. There are 16 large lakes, and many smaller ones. This area has also got a lot of different animals:
for example, you can see rare animals like the red squirrel and the Golden Eagle.
C. Over 40,000 people live and work in the Lake District. There are also many visitors every year. You
can go walking and climbing in the hills, and go swimming and sailing on the lakes. You can also visit
many beautiful villages and towns, and the homes of two famous English writers: William
Wordsworth (1770-1850) and Beatrix Potter (1866-1943). It is a very popular place for visitors
because there is something for everyone!
(Source: Internet)
Task 1. Match the questions (1-3) with the paragraphs (A-C).
1. What can people do there? Paragraph ___________
2. Where is it, and how big is it? Paragraph ___________
3. What is the scenery like? Paragraph ___________
Task 2. Are the sentences T (true) or F (false)? Correct the false statements.
1. There are fifteen national parks in the north of England.
________________________________________________________________________________
2. The Lake District is forty-five kilometres wide.
________________________________________________________________________________
3. There aren’t any beaches in the Lake District.
________________________________________________________________________________
4. There are more than sixteen lakes.
________________________________________________________________________________
5. Forty thousand people visit the Lake District every year.
________________________________________________________________________________
6. You can visit the homes of two famous English writers.
________________________________________________________________________________
V. Read the text, and do the following tasks.
My Yellowstone Winter Experience
Yellowstone is the USA’s oldest national park. I spent the weekend there on a trip to Wyoming last
winter, and 1 stayed in a hotel in the park itself. On my first day, I travelled by bus across the snow.
Afterwards, my guide drove me to Old Faithful, a very famous geyser in the park. Every half an hour or
so, boiling water comes out of this enormous hole in the ground and reaches a height of between
27m and 56m.
Then I went back to my hotel until it was time for dinner at the restaurant. There were delicious fish
tacos and the best chocolate ice cream in the world! There were also some fantastic views outside.
On the second day, I visited Mammoth Hot Springs in the morning, but the highlight of my day was
swimming in Yellowstone. There are only two places to go swimming in the park. I sat in an enormous,
hot outdoor bath. 1 had one foot in the Gardiner River in freezing cold water and one foot in very hot
water from the hot springs. It was great fun and very relaxing. The geyser is an incredible sight. Then I
had time for a ride on a snowmobile. It was awesome, but it was also freezing.
Two days in Yellowstone National Park just wasn’t enough time to see it all.
Remember: You can’t drive a snowmobile without a driving licence.
(Adapted from Scope)
Task 1. What is the main idea of the text?
A. an information leaflet about hot springs
B. a travel review about a national park
C. a blog post about transport
D. a Geography textbook
Task 2. Read the meanings. Find the correct words in the text that match to them.
1. a person taking tourists to see places they don’t know _________________
2. natural warm water that comes out of the ground in a jet _________________
3. natural warm water that comes from underground _________________
4. a special vehicle for driving on snow _________________
5. a certificate you get when you can drive a car _________________
Task 3. Read the text again, and mark the sentences T (true) or F (false). Correct the false
statements.
1. The writer’s hotel wasn’t in the national park.
________________________________________________________________________________
2. Old Faithful is the name of a famous jet of very famous hot water.
________________________________________________________________________________
3. The writer had dinner at the hotel restaurant.
________________________________________________________________________________
4. The hot springs weren’t very relaxing for the writer.
________________________________________________________________________________
5. The weather was warm when the writer was on the snowmobile.
________________________________________________________________________________
6. You need a driving licence to drive a snowmobile.
________________________________________________________________________________
VI. Read the text and choose the correct answers.
Iguazu, One of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World
Iguazu is a magnificent series of waterfalls located on the border of Argentina and Brazil. With more
than 275 individual waterfalls, Iguazu Falls is the most extensive waterfall system in the world.
As the water falls over the edge of the Iguazu River, it creates a mist that rises into the sky, creating a
rainbow-like effect. The Iguazu Falls is wider than the better-known Victoria Falls and taller than the
Niagara Falls in North America.
Volcanic eruptions which occurred many millions of years ago created the natural wonder. The Iguazu
National Park was founded in 1939, and covers an area of 1,700 square kilometers. The park is home
to 420 species of birds, around 70 different species of mammals, and some endangered reptiles and
amphibians. It is also home to over 2,000 species of plants. When visiting the Iguazu waterfalls, you
will experience a breathtaking landscape. The water mist forms a perfect habitat for numerous
insects, giant butterflies, and many different animal species.
With a bit of luck, you’ll see monkeys, frogs, snakes, and crocodiles in their natural environment. The
number of rare orchids and other plants that grow only in the Iguazu area is enormous. You can
discover many of the orchids on an exploration tour along the walkways.
An essential activity is to walk the Cataratas hiking trail, running along the Rio Iguazu River. It offers
fantastic panoramic photo opportunities of the waterfalls. At the end of the path, an elevator takes
you to the top, from which you can enjoy a spectacular view of the waterfalls.
(Source: Internet)
1. Iguazu Falls is the most extensive waterfall system in the world because _________________.
A. they are on the border of Argentina and Brazil
B. they wider than the better-known Victoria Falls
C. they are taller than the Niagara Falls in North America
D. they consist of hundreds of individual waterfalls
2. The mist forming from water falling down can make _________________.
A. you see the edge of the Iguazu River
B. you see a rainbow-like effect all the daytime
C. you experience a breathtaking landscape
D. water rise into the sky
3. The water mist supports _________________.
A. biodiversity in the surrounding area
B. over 2,000 species of plants
C. the foundation of the national park
D. life in an area of 1,700 square kilometers
4. You can see _________________ when you are lucky enough.
A. rare kinds of orchids around the waterfalls
B. a breathtaking landscape
C. some kinds of animals in their natural habitat
D. a small number of rare orchids and other plants
5. The Cataratas hiking trail can _________________.
A. help you walk around the waterfalls
B. help you go to the summit to enjoy a spectacular view of the waterfalls
C. help you do one of the leisure activities there
D. offer you opportunities to take nice photos of the waterfalls

E. Speaking
• Talking about a natural wonder
I. Complete the conversation between your father and Mr. Brown, a tour guide, with the clauses
given below. There are two extra clauses that you do not need.
A. Your children can spend time strolling around the nine different themed gardens, seeing
various types of plants, flowers and trees.
B. After a comfortable 20-minute climb, the magnificent views over the sea and island await.
C. I mean Jeju Island, and people from nearby Asian countries flock to its warm water and
sandy beaches.
D. But a day of sightseeing isn’t complete without enjoying some of the island’s delicious raw
seafood and barbecued black pork.
E. Golden beaches, winding coastal trails, and Jeju Waterworld.
F. Go to Hyeopjae, one of the most beautiful beaches on Jeju Island. Crystal clear water with
white sand beaches and not many tourists make this beach a sweet spot to escape the crowd.
Mr. Brown Good morning, sir. What can I do for you?
Dad Pleased to meet you. My family planned to go to Hawaii for this summer holiday, but
we don’t have enough time, so we have changed our plan.
Mr. Brown Why doesn’t your family choose South Korea’s Hawaii this summer?
Dad South Korea’s Hawaii? What do you mean?
1
Mr. Brown ______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Dad Can you tell me some tourist attractions on that island?
2
Mr. Brown ______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Dad I love hiking and trekking a lot. What could I do if 1 were there?
Mr. Brown You can trek to Seongsan Peak. 3 ____________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
If you don’t want to reach the peak, wandering around the hill is a lovely experience.
Dad Can you recommend any beaches?
Mr. Brown Looking for a beach destination? 4 ___________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Dad Our children love visiting gardens or zoos? Can they do that on Jeju Island?
5
Mr. Brown They can. Your family can go to Hallim Park.
___________________________________
 _______________________________________________________________________
There’s also a small zoo with turtles, snakes, peacocks and other birds.
Dad Anything else we can do during the tour?
Mr. Brown So many. 6 ______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
• Everyday English: Asking for permission and responding
II. Put the following expressions into the correct groups.
Can I ask you a question? Go ahead.
Please take your freedom. May I have a piece of cake?
Could I get you to turn off the lights? Sorry, you are not allowed to.
Very sorry. That’s not possible. Do you mind if I turn on the DVD player?
Is it OK if I sit here? Sure.
I can’t allow you to do that. Please, don’t do that.
No problem. It’s fine.
Would it be all right if 1 borrowed your pen?
Asking for permission:
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Giving permission:
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Refusing to give permission:
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
III. Read the following situations. Then make the conversations to ask for permission and
responding to each.
1. You want to sit in a different place in the classroom, and the teacher agrees.
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
B: _________________________________________________________________________________
2. You would like to turn down the TV set. You ask fop permission and your father agrees.
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
B: _________________________________________________________________________________
3. You want to use the dictionary during the test, but the teacher says “no”
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
B: _________________________________________________________________________________
4. You want to watch a DVD after you have finished your homework. You ask your mother for
permission, and she agrees.
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
B: _________________________________________________________________________________
5. You want to go to the cinema with your group after school. You ask your mother for permission.
She agrees but she asks you not to come back home too late.
A: _________________________________________________________________________________
B: _________________________________________________________________________________

F. Writing
• Writing a paragraph about a natural wonder / landscape in an area
Write a paragraph about Ba Vi National Park, using the cues given below.
- Ba Vi National Park: a mountainous area, located on the outskirts of Ha Noi
- Ba Vi: one of the famous tourist attractions - its natural beauty and special geographic features
- Ba Vi National Park: called “Capital Ha Noi’s Lung” - covers an area of more than 12,000 hectares of
forests, with a biodiversity of fauna and flora
- the park: the home / more than 800 rare and exotic plants, 44 species of mammals, 15 species of
reptiles and more than 100 bird species
- also contains a fascinating complex of numerous lakes, offers various famous relaxing tourism spots
Ba Vi National Park is a mountainous area, located
__________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________