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revision quetions

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15 views4 pages

physic

revision quetions

Uploaded by

billygrahamodhiambo380
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MASENO UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES


DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE

SPH 201: DYNAMICS

EXERCISE 3:
EQUATIONS OF MOTION
Q1. A person decides to use a microwave oven to reheat some lunch. In the process, a fly accidentally
flies into the microwave and lands on the outer edge of the rotating plate and remains there. If the
plate has a radius of 0.15 m and rotates at 6.0 rpm, calculate the total distance traveled by the fly
during a 2.0-min cooking period. (Ignore the start-up and slow-down times.)
[Ans: x = 11 m.]

Q2. A powerful motorcycle can accelerate from 0 to 30.0 m/s (about 108 km/h) in 4.20 s. What is the
angular acceleration of its 0.320-m-radius wheels?
[Ans: 22.3 rad/s2]

Q3. A teenager puts her bicycle on its back and starts the rear wheel spinning from rest to a final
angular velocity of 250 rpm in 5.00 s.
(a) Calculate the angular acceleration in rad/s2.
(b) If she now slams on the brakes, causing an angular acceleration of – 87.3 rad/s2, how
long does it take the wheel to stop?
[Ans: a) 5.24 rad/s2, b) 0.300 s]

Q4. A deep-sea fisherman hooks a big fish that swims away from the boat pulling the fishing line
from his fishing reel. The whole system is initially at rest and the fishing line unwinds from the
reel at a radius of 4.5 cm from its axis of rotation. The reel is given an angular acceleration of 110
rad/s2 for 2.0 s
(a) What is the final angular velocity of the reel?
(b) At what speed is fishing line leaving the reel after 2.00 s elapses?
(c) How many revolutions does the reel make?
(d) How many meters of fishing line come off the reel in this time?
[Ans: a) ω = 220 rad/s b) v = 9.90 m/s c) θ = 35.0 rev d) x = 9.90 m ]

Q5. Suppose a spaceship heading directly towards the Earth at half the speed of light sends a signal to
us on a laser-produced beam of light. Given that the light leaves the ship at speed c as observed
from the ship, calculate the speed at which it approaches the Earth.
[Ans: x = 1.5c m/s]

Q6. Calculate the centripetal acceleration of a point 7.50 cm from the axis of an ultra-centrifuge
spinning at 7.5 × 103 rev/min. Determine the ratio of this acceleration to that due to gravity.

Q7. Semi-trailer trucks have an odometer on one hub of a trailer wheel. The hub is weighted
so that it does not rotate, but it contains gears to count the number of wheel revolutions—
it then calculates the distance traveled. If the wheel has a 1.15 m diameter and goes
through 200,000 rotations, how many kilometers should the odometer read?
[Ans: 723 km]

ANGULAR ACCELERATION
Q8. You have a grindstone (a disk) that is 90.0 kg, has a 0.340-m radius, and is turning at 90.0 rpm,
and you press a steel axe against it with a radial force of 20.0 N. (a) Assuming the kinetic
coefficient of friction between steel and stone is 0.20, calculate the angular acceleration of the
grindstone. (b) How many turns will the stone make before coming to rest?
[Ans: a) −0.26 rad/s2 b) 27 rev]

MOMENT OF INERTIA
Q9. A uniform rod of mass m and length l can rotate in vertical plane about a smooth horizontal axis
hinged at point H.
(i) Find angular acceleration α of the rod just after it is
released from initial horizontal position from rest?
(ii) Calculate the acceleration (tangential and radial) of
point A at this moment.
3g 3g
[Ans: i) α = 2�
ii) ��� = 2
]

Q10. A solid sphere is released from rest from the top of an incline of inclination θ and length  . If the
sphere rolls without slipping. What will be its speed when it reaches the bottom?

Q11. A solid cone spins about an axis through OA, The solid cone have a
mass M, base radius R and height h . The mass per unit volume of
the cone is given as ρ = 3M πR2 h. Let α be the semi vertical
angle of the cone. A small circular disc of radius r at a distance
x from the vertex. Let the disc have a thickness dx. Find the
3
moment of inertia of the disk. [Ans: ������ ���� = 10
��2 ]

TORQUE, ANGULAR MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS


Q12. If the static friction coefficient were increased, would the maximum safe speed be reduced, be
increased, or remain the same?
Q13. Calculate the torque on a 2.5 kg mass constrained to rotate in a 1.6 m radius circle with a 250 N
force applied at a (constant) angle of 35� between r and F.
Q14 Torque and energy have the same dimensions, why do we distinguish between them?
Q15. Torque and energy have the same dimensions, why do we Distinguish between them?
CONSERVATION OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM
Q16. A hoop of mass 1.0 kg and radius 0.25m is rotating in a horizontal plane with angular momentum
of 4.0 kgm2 s−1 . A lump of clay of mass 0.20 kg is placed (gently) on the hoop. What
happens to the angular velocity of the hoop?
Q17. Suppose an ice skater, is spinning at 0.8 rev/ s with her arms extended. She has a moment of
inertia of 2.34 �� ∙ �2 with her arms extended and of 0.363 �� ∙ �2 with her arms close to her
body.
(i) What is her angular velocity in revolutions per second after she pulls in her arms?
(ii) What is her rotational kinetic energy before and after she does this?
[Ans: i) ω′ = 5.16 rev/s. ii) KErot′ = 191 J ]

ROTATIONAL KINETIC ENERGY


Q18. A typical small rescue helicopter, similar to the one in Figure 5.1, has four blades, each is 4.00 m
long and has a mass of 50.0 kg. The blades can be approximated as thin rods that rotate about one
end of an axis perpendicular to their length. The helicopter has a total loaded mass of 1000 kg.
(i) Calculate the rotational kinetic energy in the blades when they rotate at 300 rpm.
(ii) Calculate the translational kinetic energy of the helicopter when it flies at 20.0
m/s, and compare it with the rotational energy in the blades.
(iii) To what height could the helicopter be raised if all of the rotational kinetic
energy could be used to lift it?
[Ans: (i) KErot = 5.26×105 J; (ii) KEtrans = 2.00×105 J, ratio = 0.380; (iii) h = 53.7 m]

Q19. Consider a space station in the form of a donut with a rectangular cross section connected by
spokes to central axis shown in Figure 1. The “floor” is the inside of the outer wall. How fast
would a 200 m radius station have to
rotate to duplicate the acceleration
due to Figure 7.1 “gravity” on the
surface of the earth?
[Ans: 0.221 rad/s].

Q20. Consider a person who spins a large


grindstone by placing her hand on its edge and exerting a force through part of a
revolution as shown in the figure below. In this problem, you will verify that the
work done by the torque she exerts equals the change in rotational energy.
(a) How much work is done if she exerts a force of 200 N through a rotation
of 1.00 rad(57.30)? The force is kept perpendicular to the grindstone’s
0.320-m radius at the point of application, and the effects of friction are
negligible.
(b) What is the final angular velocity if the grindstone has a mass of 85.0 kg?
(c) What is the final rotational kinetic energy? (It should equal the work.)
[Ans: a) W = 64.0 J, b) ω = 5.42rad/s c) KE rot = 64.0J ]
Q21. Earth’s Gravitational Force Is the Centripetal Force Making the Moon Move in a
Curved Path.
(a) Find the acceleration due to Earth’s gravity at the distance of the Moon.
(b) Calculate the centripetal acceleration needed to keep the Moon in its orbit (assuming a
circular orbit about a fixed Earth), and compare it with the value of the acceleration due
to Earth’s gravity that you have just found.
[Ans: a) 2.70×10−3 m/s2, b) 2.72×10−3 m/s2]

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