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3737 - Language Studies - Sinhala Typesetting

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33 views4 pages

3737 - Language Studies - Sinhala Typesetting

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© © All Rights Reserved
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NdIdj" wd.

u yd NdId¾:h
uydpd¾h wd¾'tï'ví' rdcmlaI" jd.a úoHd wxYh

le<Ksh úYaj úoHd,h

1. fuu ,smsfhys wruqK jd.a úoHd úIhg wh;a tla YdLdjla jk w¾:h úpdrh ms<sn|j
ú.%yhla bÈßm;a lsÍu hs' fuys § idïm%odhsl jHdlrKhkays NdId w¾:h wOHhkh
flreKq wdldrh" tys j¾Okh" ieflúka bÈßm;a flfrk w;r w¾: úpdrfhys
j¾;udk iajrEmh yd ta iïnkaO úúO w¾: úpdrd;aul isoaOdka; flfrys o
wjOdkh fhduq lrñka ú.%y flf¾'

2. ffjÈl idys;Hh yd ne÷Kq mer‚ Ndr;Sh jHdlrK .%k:


a hkays fuka u mer‚ .%Sl
yd frdau jHdlrKhkays o NdId w¾:h yeoEÍu i|yd fjka jQ úfYaI úIh YdLdjla
fkd úh' md‚kSf.a wIaGdOHdhs jHdlrKh yd vhkSih
s ia ;%Eliaf.a jHdlrKh
WodyrK jYfhka .; yels h' miqld,Sk" tkï uOH;k hq.h" Ydia;%Sh mqk¾Ôjk
hq.h wd§ ld, mßÉfÊohkag wh;a fmrmr foÈ. idïm%odhsl jHdlrK lD;sj,
;;a;ajh o Bg iudk fõ'

3. flfia fj;;a wE; w;S;fha isg u NdIdj yd idys;Hh iïnkaO úúO YdLdj, o
NdId w¾:h ms<sn| j oeä wjOdkhla fhduq jQ nj fmfka' l%s' mQ' 5 hq.fha § ;rï
wE; ld,hl rÑl hdialf.a ksrela;s Ydia;%h WodyrKhs' w¾:h ms<sn| ukd
wOHhkhlska f;drj ksrela;s l:kh ÿIalr fõ' fldaI .%k:
a rpkh o w¾:h ms<sn|j
oeä wjOdkhlska hqla; j l< hq;a;ls' ixialD; NdIdfjka rÑ; wurfldaIh o l%s'
mq' hq.hg wh;a fõ hehs úYajdi flf¾' w,xldr Ydia;%hg wh;a w¾:d,xldr úfYaI
o NdId w¾:h ms<sn| j flreKq wOHhk úh' Wmud wdÈ w,xldr WodyrKhs' zz§¾>
b;sydihla we;s ikak" wgqjd" àld" .egmo" ks.Kavq wd§ .%k:
a rpkfha § o NdId
w¾:h úfYaI wjOdkhg fhduq úh'
od¾Yksl idlÉPdj, §" ikaksfõok l%u ms<sn| j flreKq wOHhkj, §" u;h ms<sn|
j flreKq wOHhkj, § yd m%d:ñl ixialD;Ska ms<sn| j flreKq wOHhkj, § o
NdId w¾:h ms<sn|j idlÉPd fldg we;'

4. NdId w¾:h fjku úIh YdLdjla f,i úêu;a j yeoEfrkqfha jd.aúoHdjg wh;a
úIh YdLdjla jk w¾: úpdrh hgf;a h' NdId w¾:h yeoEfrk úIh YdLdj
s hka ye¢kafjkqfha Semantics kñks' 1900 § Breal úiska rÑ; Semantics
bx.%Sif
studies in the science of Meaning keue;s .%ka:h fuu úIh YdLdj ms<sn|j uq,skau
,shk ,o úêu;a lD;sh f,i ie,fla' kQ;k jd.aúoHdfõ mshd yeáhg ie,flk mk
È o fidiqfhda úiska mj;ajk ,o foaYk weiqßka rÑ; cours de linguistique générale
*¾Èkdkaoa È lD;sfhka o NdId w¾:h ms<sn|j;a th fjku úIh YdLdjla f,i
wOHhkh lsÍfï jeo.;alula wjOdrKh lrk ,§'

NdIdj meyeÈ,s m%ia;r mylg fjka fldg w¾: úpdrh o tys tla YdLdjla f,i fnod olajk
,oafoa f,kdâ íÆï*S,aâ úisk's 20 jk ishjfia fojk oYlfha isg ihjk oYlh olajd jd.a
úoHd lafIa;%fhys úYd, fmr<shla l< Tyqf.a jHdlrKh rEmSh jHdlrKh ^Formal
Grammar& kñka ye¢ka fõ' tu jHdlrKhg wkqj NdIdj m%ia;r mylska iukaú; fõ'

Yío

Yíou ^2&

mÈu - YíÈu

jHdlrK

w¾: jYfhks'

tu m%ia;r j,g wkqj NdId ú.%yh o"

Yío úpdrh

Yíou úpdrh

wd§ jYfhka bÈßm;a fõ' tu jHdlrKhg wkqj NdId ú.%yfha § flakø


a Sh jkafka"

Yíou úpdrh

mÈu - YíÈu úpdrh

jHdlrK hk wx. ;=khs'

fuys Yío úpdrh fuka u w¾: úpdrh o oaú;Shsl fjhs' NdId w¾:h w;sYhska ixlS¾K jk
fyhska o" th NdId rEmh fuka úoHd;aul j ú.%y lsÍug wmyiq fyhska o" NdId w¾:h
ms<sn|j ikakf
s õok úê o¾Ykh jeks fjk;a úIh YdLdj, o yeoEfrk neúka o" NdId
w¾:h yeoEÍu oaú;Shl
s fõ hehs tu jHdlrKfhys i|yka fõ' flfia kuq;a NdId ú.%yfhys
meyeÈ,s úIh YdLdjla f,i w¾:h úpdrh tys wka;¾.; fõ' rEmSh jHdlrKhg wkq.;
w¾: úpdrh Structural Semantics ixiaÓ;sl w¾: úpdrh hkqfjka ye¢kafõ' jpkj, w¾:h
tajdfhka bÈßm;a jk fldaId¾:j,ska neyerj tajd Ndú; jk iudc m%lrKj,g wkqj fjkia
jk nj mejiQ jd.a fõ§ka lsysm fokl= ms<sn|j o i|yka fõ' ue,sfkdõials ta w;r m%uqL
fõ' jd.d,dm tajd fhfok m%lrKj,g wkqj w¾:j;a jk nj Tyq WodyrK iys; j úia;r
lf<ah' tu woyi jvd;a úêu;aj bÈßm;a lsÍug fÊ' wd¾' *¾;a iu;a úh' flfia jqj o
jHdlrKh ;=< meyeÈ,s isoaOdka;hla f,i th bÈßm;a lsÍug Tjqyq wiu;a jQy'

w¾: úpdrh iïnkaOfhka jeo.;a fmr<shla 1957 § fkda¾ï fpdïials úiska y÷kajd fok ,o
ckl m%;sfhdacl jHdlrKfhys olakg ,efí' ckl m%;sfhdacl jHdlrKh wx. ;=klska
bÈßm;a fõ'

Yío úpdrh

jdlH úpdrh

w¾: úpdrh jYfhks'

tu jHdlrKhg wkqj NdId ú.%yfha § w¾: úpdrhg jvd;a jeo.;a ;ekla ,enq‚' w¾:
úpdrh fiiq wx. j,g jvd wvq w.hla we;s nj tys i|yka fkdfõ' tu jHdlrKhg wkq.;
w¾: úpdrh ckl m%;sfhdacl w¾: úpdrh kñka Generative Transformational Grammar
ye`oskf
a õ'

miq.sh oil fol ;=< w¾: úpdrh ;jÿrg;a j¾Okh úh'

w¾: úpdrh Logical Semantics ;d¾lsl w¾: úpdrh

Pragmatics m%lrK w¾: úpdrh hkqfjka uQ,sl m%fNao folla we;s úh' udkj NdIdfõ we;s
;d¾lsl moku ;d¾lsl w¾: úpdrh hgf;a idlÉPd úh' ;¾l Ydia;%fha tk uQ,sl lreKq
NdIdj iu. iïnkaO jk wdldrh yd NdIdfõ .‚;uh iajNdjh úia;r jYfhka ;d¾lsl
w¾: úpdrh hgf;a ú.%y fõ'

m%lrK noaOj NdIdj Ndú; jk wdldrh yd ta iïnkaO uq,sl lreKq m%lrK úpdrh hgf;a
idlÉPd úh' mdGh" m%lrKh" idudðl wjia:d" m%lrK noaOj w¾:j;a jk úfYaI NdId
fhÿï Bg wka;¾.; úh' by; i|yka úIh m%foaY fol o ;jÿrg;a wkq fldgiaj,g fn§
hdula oeka olakg ,efí' ta wkqj"

wdfoaYl jpk Deixis

ixjdo bx.k Conversational Implicature

mQ¾j bx.k Presupposition


NdIK l%shd Speech Acts

NdIK fhÿï ú.%yh Discourse Analysis

wd§ jYfhka fjk fjk u úúO ud;Dld Tiafia úúO isoaOdka; u; wOHhkh flf¾'

wod< nj ms<sn| kHdh Relevance Theory

bx.k kHdh Theory of Implicature

NdIK l%shd ms<sn| kHdh Speech Acts Theory

wd§ jYfhks' jfl%da;a;s" jHx.Hd¾: wd§ ud;Dld o §¾> jYfhka fjk fjk u idlÉPd fõ'
fï wkqj w¾: úpdrh wo b;d ixlS¾K ixj¾ê; úIh m%foaYhla fõ'

mdol igyka
^1& ldjHo¾Yh" ishnia,lr wd§ .%ka:j, w¾:d,xldr ms<sn| §¾> úia;r ths'

^2& NdIdjl w¾: fNaohg ;=vq fok Yío Yíou hkqfjka ye¢kafõ'

^3& mÈu - Yíou hkak jd.aúoHd m%fõYh lD;sfhys 2 iy 3 mßÉfÊoj, úia;r flf¾'

wdY%s; .%ka:
(1) Bre'al, M., 1900, Semantics: Studies in the Science of Meaning. London, Heinemann.

(2) Chomsky, N., 1957, Syntactic Structures, The Hague, Mouton.

(3) Firth, J. R., 1968, Selected Papers of J. R. Firth 1952-1957 ed. F. R. Palmer, London:
Longman.

(4) Levinson, C. S., 1983, Pragmatics, Cambridge, CUP

(5) Palmer. F. R., 1976, Semantics, London, CUP

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