WSP Blue Book
WSP Blue Book
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About Wall Street Prep
Wall Street Prep was established in 2004 by investment bankers to train the financial services industry.
Today, Wall Street Prep conducts training at more than 150 investment banks, private equity firms, asset
managers, and Fortune 500 companies, and works with over 125+ universities and colleges to bridge the gap
between academia and the real world by teaching the practical skills needed to succeed on the job.
Our client list has since grown to include the world’s top investment banks, such as Goldman Sachs, Evercore,
Lazard, Morgan Stanley, and Perella Weinberg. We are also pleased to announce that our training material is
now used at several of the leading global investment firms, including KKR, Blackstone, Bain Capital, and Carlyle.
For general information on our products and services or technical support, please visit our website at
wallstreetprep.com, or contact our office at (617) 314-7685.
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If you are interested in learning
how to land your dream job in finance,
this course is for you.
Any GPA, any school
It doesn’t matter what GPA you have or the school you go to. Interview skills are used universally.
That being said, you may have to compensate in certain areas. For example, if you go to a non-
target you may need to network more, or if you have a lower GPA you may need to place greater
emphasis on your experiences in your resume.
Everyone is welcome
This course is applicable to anyone looking to recruit, whether you are a sophomore in college, an
MBA student, or a professional in another field looking to break into the industry.
Even if you pivot careers, this course will provide you with knowledge
transferable to any career path you choose.
The standard timeline for non-diverse Take the standard timeline and subtract 2-4
candidates will typically kick off early Spring of months (late December through March of
your Sophomore year for the Junior/Senior year your Sophomore year). Note, every bank
internships. Recruiting or re-recruiting Junior defines diversity slightly different, so make
year could take place throughout the year but sure you fit within their criteria before
usually most roles will open and close by applying.
Junior/Senior summer in August and September
as they are contingent on the amount of interns
that receive and sign return offers.
It is important to note that recruitment timelines differ between companies. Most IB’s, PE’s, VC’s will recruit on this
timeline although it is important to make a list of your top choices to track their timelines as each may slightly differ.
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This industry is
What we won’t cover
no walk in the park The largest bucket that this course
specifically does not cover is the
Breaking into sell-side (IB) and buy-side roles “technical” portion of interviews.
(PE, VC) requires more than submitting an This is roughly half of your
application interview process so
It is important to note that this industry is not easy to understanding these is crucial.
break into and you must be able to identify weaknesses as
a candidate and compensate for such. Wall Street Prep offers technical
courses broken up by industry.
Once you are in, moving around is far easier Wherever you are looking to apply,
Break into the industry now because: we can teach you what you need to
know.
It is harder to break in later in life
You can always leave, but you can’t always come into We also suggest turning to your
the industry from other roles campuses or business school’s
You will learn a ton, get paid well, and meet some great career center for additional
people along the way advice. Campus clubs,
organizations, and mentor
If you are unsure, go for it
programs will all help you with
Worst case scenario is that you get a bit run down, you daily questions that may come up.
learn a handful of transferable skills, and maybe you get
paid a little bit along the way. Regardless, this industry will
open doors others can’t so doing it for a small amount of
time is better than nothing.
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Table of Contents
Pre-Interview Preparation
Section 1: Header & Education ........................................................................................................................................................ 10
Section 2: Experience .......................................................................................................................................................................... 10
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 10
Section 3: Additional Skills or Interests ....................................................................................................................................... 11
Experience Section: Quantifying Impact ...................................................................................................................................... 12
Buzzwords: Use Them Wisely! ......................................................................................................................................................... 13
“Soft” Buzzwords ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
Industry Specific Buzzwords................................................................................................................................................................................ 14
Resume Templates ............................................................................................................................................................................... 15
Traditional Styles ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
Additional Styles ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 15
Section 1: Opening ................................................................................................................................................................................ 18
Section 2: Hook ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 19
Section 3: Body ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
Section 4: Ending ................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
The Importance of Networking ....................................................................................................................................................... 26
Networking Channels .......................................................................................................................................................................... 26
Who to Network With .......................................................................................................................................................................... 27
Outreach Channels ............................................................................................................................................................................... 28
The Generic Method ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 28
The Value-Add Method ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Post-Meeting Method............................................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Ways to Respond to Outreach .......................................................................................................................................................... 32
Writing A Referral Introduction With an Email Connection................................................................................................................. 32
Writing A Referral Introduction Without an Email Connection ........................................................................................................ 33
Follow Up’s If You Have Not Received A Response ................................................................................................................................... 33
Subject Line Types and Templates ................................................................................................................................................. 35
Email Signature...................................................................................................................................................................................... 36
Scheduled Emails .................................................................................................................................................................................. 37
Finding Contact Information ............................................................................................................................................................ 38
Tips and Techniques ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 38
Email Templates List from Top Companies ................................................................................................................................ 39
Getting a Response ............................................................................................................................................................................... 46
Sending Times to Chat............................................................................................................................................................................................ 46
When a Time is Suggested to You ...................................................................................................................................................................... 47
Using Google Calendar How to Send a Google Invite ............................................................................................................. 48
If They Do Not Answer Your Call........................................................................................................................................................................ 50
Networking Call Walkthrough ......................................................................................................................................................... 51
The Goal.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 51
Step 1: Answering Or Making the Phonecall and Kicking Off the Conversation ......................................................................... 51
Step 2: Ask Questions .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 52
Step 3: Wrapping Up the Call ............................................................................................................................................................................... 56
Writing a Thank You Email ............................................................................................................................................................... 57
Staying in Touch .................................................................................................................................................................................... 58
Using LinkedIn ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 59
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Interview Preparation
Rules of the Interview ......................................................................................................................................................................... 63
Introduction: About Yourself ........................................................................................................................................................... 65
Part 1: Opening Line ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 65
Part 2: Hook .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 66
Part 3: Transitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 67
Part 4: Experience Breakdown ........................................................................................................................................................................... 68
Part 5: Ending .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 69
Behavioral Interview Questions ..................................................................................................................................................... 70
Framework ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 70
“Why do you want to work for this company?” ......................................................................................................................................... 70
“Why you?” .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 73
Using Strengths and Weakness........................................................................................................................................................ 74
“Why this industry?” ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 75
“A Time When You… “.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 76
Situational Questions .......................................................................................................................................................................... 78
Additional Questions to Consider ................................................................................................................................................... 79
Brain Teasers.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 80
Ending ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 81
Questions To Ask ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 81
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Table of Contents Page TBD
Resume Building
RESUME
BUILDING
Section 2: Experience
The breakdown of the main body of the resume consisting Experience Checklist
of your experiences can be broken up a few different ways. Write 1-3 bullets per experience
Although for a finance resume (Investment Banking, Write 1-3 lines per bullet and
aim for 2 lines per experience. If
Private Equity, Venture Capital, and Real Estate) you really
you are only writing half of a line
want to aim to stick within the standard templates agreed
on an experience, it does not
upon by the top schools with the highest placement rates in
belong in the body of your
the financial industry. resume.
With use of the resume checklist in hand and templates
provided, start working on the specific bullet points per
your experiences on your resume.
Using ‘ACR’
If you are having trouble brainstorming
bullet points, try turning to the ACR format: Contacted 30+ customers per day, (ACTION)
pitching value of new software product aimed
Action, Context, Result.
to improve client productivity, (CONTEXT)
The ACR format can even be broken down ultimately selling $6,500 of subscription
by each bullet (one for the action, one for services a month. (RESULT)
the context, and one for the result) if you
have the space on your resume.
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RESUME
BUILDING
Volunteer work
If you have volunteered for causes related to the field
or industry, it could demonstrate your commitment When in doubt, leave it out
and passion beyond your professional You are allowed to be a bit playful in this
responsibilities. section but err on the side of safety. When in
doubt, absolutely leave it out. A comedic line is
Awards or Certifications/Licenses not worth losing a potential job.
List any relevant certifications or licenses you have
obtained or any recent academic awards you have
been given.
Link to website
Public speaking If you have a hobby that you have built a website
If you have any public speaking workshops, around (whether that is photography, art, blogging,
writing articles, podcasting…etc.) you may link it as
presentations, or pitches (such as a stock pitch) you
well. Double check that your links work before
can link it in your resume to highlight your
submitting your application.
communication and sales skills.
Organizations
Technical skills You may put any additional organizations that were
Software, programming languages, tools not valuable enough to dedicate an entire
(engineering, data science and analytics, “experience” with multiple bullet points.
cybersecurity, web development, productivity, and
design tools), or technology (Excel) used in the Activities you enjoy
industry. Examples include: art (drawing, painting,
photography, etc.); cooking or culinary skills; film
Publications and cinema; musical instruments; outdoor activities
Any publications are absolutely worth putting in the (hiking, camping); podcasting; reading;
additional section or even in the body of your sports/chess; traveling; writing or blogging.
resume.
Fun facts about yourself
Languages For example if you: lived in 6 different countries
You may list languages as proficient, conversational, before turning 10; spent 4 months in Costa Rica
intermediate, or fluent. This may also include coding learning [XYZ] ; played 18 holes of golf with Rickie
languages. Fowler by accident; youngest of 8 siblings; volunteer
to coach little league baseball team.
You may choose to call your last section “Additional” or “Skills & Interests”.
This section can encompass additional facts about yourself that you may want
to include, along with skills and interests. It is a more flexible ending option11
that allows you to add any of the suggested items above.
RESUME
BUILDING
Free of charge, you helped a local business by offering deliverables on the local market, customer segment,
pricing schemes, and suggested actions to boost profit margins. Through your semester long partnership,
you gave them 3 deliverables filled with research, suggestions, and market data. We can reasonably assume
a real consulting firm would charge at least $10,000 per deliverable plus $500+ an hour for any additional
advising. Now, you are no professional consultant but, if you delivered quality work that had an impact on
the business, you can reasonably assume your work would have cost them at least a few thousand dollars.
Let’s assume the company thanks you and you know the money they saved is being used for either
expansion, repairs, or improvements to the business. Now you may put the following at the end of your
bullet for that experience:
“affording thousands (or $5000) in saved expenses directed towards expansion/improvement plans.”
If you had a marketing role and worked to boost engagement on social media platforms, you could write:
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RESUME
BUILDING
Consider a few that are harder to defend as you must be prepared to talk about the intricacies,
equations, and application of any of the following words:
Book value method DCF LBO Liquidation method Multiples of earnings method ROI based method
Accretion/dilution Beta consolidated income statement EBITDA Enterprise value Equity value
Financial modeling
Use of COMPS
It is easier than the others but still requires knowledge of how to pick comps, what to look for,
how you picked your comps in your experience… it is all fair game!
“Soft” Buzzwords
These include action verbs and easier financial metrics/buzz words you can learn in a Google search.
5 forces analysis analyzed assessed risk bottom line/top line capital allocation client retention
compliance consulted cost benefitanal ys i s customer segment data analytics dividend payout ratio
market capitalization market penetration market positioning market research market trend analysis
multiple (ex: earnings multiple) negotiated optimized P/E performance metrics precedent transactions
profit profitam
a r gin profitbi lity anal ys i s return on equity ROI sourced SWOT analysis
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RESUME
BUILDING
10K 10Q arbitrage AUM beta book value buy-side/sell-side capital structure CAPM
compliance DCF, Precedent transactions, COMPS, dilution divestiture EBITDA enterprise value
e
exit front offic, back of fice goodwill horizontal vs. vertical index funds interest rates IPO
IRR liquidity margins market risk premium market value multiple prepetuity
private vs. public prospectus recapitalization return on capital return on equity risk premium
cloud computing common stock vs. preferred stock crypto data driven disruptive due diligence
early
s adopters finech firt m
o ver s advant age GP vs. LP’s growth impact investing innovative
lead investor lean LLM market penetration MVP open source pitch deck product market fit
runway SaaS scale up seed series A,B,C,D... sourced stealth term shet unicorn
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RESUME
BUILDING Templates Included
in Course Downloads
Resume Templates
Traditional Styles
Classic Transfer Student Study Abroad Experience
Additional Styles
Professional Experience &
Leadership/Extracurricular By Project
Use an AI Scanner
Remember many companies you are going to be applying to are using AI scanners to sift through
resumes. Beat them at their own game and make sure your resume scores highly before
submitting your application.
Our suggestion: Resume Worded will tell you areas to improve with suggested actions. 15
Section 1: Pre-Interview Prep
Cover Letter
COVER
LETTER
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COVER
LETTER
Section 1: Opening
“Opening” Checklist
Who you are.
Why are you applying/why you are interested.
How you heard about the position.
Overview of skills you can offer.
Templates
Assuming you have networked with people at the company.
My name is [your name] and I am a rising [year: My name is [your name] and I am a rising
freshman, sophomore, junior, senior] at [year: freshman, sophomore, junior, senior]
[school/university] majoring in [field] and minoring at [school/university] majoring in [field]
in [field] with an expected graduation of [month] and minoring in [field] with an expected
[graduating year]. I am writing to convey/express graduation of [month] [graduating year]. I
my keen interest in working as a [position] at am writing to apply as a [position] in
[company]. Through meaningful conversations with [company][team, if applicable]. After
[connection name], [connection name], and learning about this unparalleled
[connection name], I am confident that my strong opportunity from [source], I am confident
communication skills, professional experiences, and that my range of experiences and
demonstrated interest in [field: entrepreneurship, personality position me exceptionally well
venture capital, investment banking, private equity, to add value to the [company] team as a
business] position me exceptionally well to add [position].
value to the [company] team next summer.
“My name is Kelly Smith and I am a rising sophomore at Georgetown University McDonough School of
Business. I am writing to apply to the 2024 Summer Analyst position at Goldman Sachs. As a double
major in Finance and Accounting, and a minor in Psychology, I am confident that my academic pursuits,
extracurricular activities, and range of diverse professional experiences have equipped me with the skills
required to contribute to the Goldman Sachs team next summer.”
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COVER
LETTER
Section 2: Hook
The idea here is that the hook sentence will draw the reader in.
“Hook” Checklist
Start with top few experiences with brief description for each.
Tie experiences to your developed skill set.
Conclude the first sentence explaining how that skill set allows you to add value to them.
Template
Consulting with [company experiences] has afforded me unique perspectives that I aspire to apply while
helping [company] successfully [objectives that relate to experience].
Examples
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COVER
LETTER
Section 3: Body
“Body” Checklist
Keep the length to 2-3 paragraphs.
Include 2-4 different experiences. Each should include: Experience Framework
The name or description of the experience. (CONTEXT) The application, experience,
What you learned from the experience. (TAKEAWAY) and takeaway can be mixed
How you will apply that experience to this role and and matched within the
how it prepares you for this role at this specific same sentence!
company. (APPLICATION)
How that experience will lead you to your next
experience. (TRANSITION)
My experience working with issues related to After immersing myself in the [project name]
[1-3 topics] (TAKEAWAY) offer me unique (CONTEXT), I’ve discovered the underlying
perspectives that I can apply to the [company details that make up [topics/ideas].
team] as a [position]. (APPLICATION) (TAKEAWAY)
Having spent time deeply studying [X], (CONTEXT), I have developed a comprehensive understanding of
[topics/ideas] (TAKEAWAY).
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COVER
LETTER
Above all else, I aim for my work to reflect my I believe my ability to [skill] in a fast paced,
commitment to help [company you're applying to] high-pressure environment (TAKEAWAY)
ensure their clients are effectively identifying and will serve me well as an [position] at
executing their growth plans. (APPLICATION) [company]. (APPLICATION)
This experience [or insert name of the experience] allowed me to understand [skill] which drove me to
pursue [new experience] as a way to enhance my skills in [new skill(s)].
Doing [experience] became the catalyst After gaining [skill(s)], I sought out [new experience]
for my decision to pursue [new experience to complement and enrich my skills in [new
experience] in order to strengthen my skill(s)], ultimately leading me to join/intern on the
abilities in [new skill(s)]. [new team name] team.
Using [experience skills] to understand the fundamentals The lessons I learned from
of [area of focus] was imperative as a stepping stone in my [experience] informed my choice to
educational journey allowing me to take on my most ultimately pursue [new experience]
recent role as [new experience] where I was responsible with the goal of refining my expertise
for [responsibilities/tasks]. in [new skill(s)].
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COVER
LETTER
“As a sophomore at Georgetown University, after quickly getting settled on campus, I got involved with
the Campus Consulting Group - an organization that allows students to work hand in hand with local
companies in helping them solve their greatest challenges. (CONTEXT) Through this experience, I
gained significant insight into how I could provide value for these businesses by understanding their
long term vision, offering various strategic paths to get there, and implementing actionable steps that
align with their objectives. (TAKEAWAY) Above all else, I aim for my work to reflect my commitment to
help Goldman Sachs ensure their clients are effectively identifying and executing their growth plans.
(APPLICATION) Nevertheless, while helping these businesses I quickly realized the importance of
solidifying a deeper financial skill set which is what drove me to join the Campus Consulting Group.“
(TRANSITION)
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COVER
LETTER
Section 4: Ending
The goal is to minimally change your cover letter “Ending” Checklist
from one company to the next. Make sure you Brief recap. Reiterate why you
can provide value and contribute
change company names and addresses. Many
to the team.
students will forget or miss a company name when Send a thank you for considering
applying to many positions. The core portion of your application.
your cover letter will likely stay the same if you are Optional: Provide your contact
applying to companies in the same industry. information.
Templates
Thank you for considering my application. I hope to utilize my experiences and skill sets as a [position] to
contribute to [company]’s growth. Please don’t hesitate to contact me at [phone number] or [school email]
if you need any additional information.
Ending Examples
“I am eager for the potential opportunity to apply my skills in a way that supports Goldman Sachs
advice and expand their clients’ businesses. Thank you for considering my application.”
“I am incredibly excited by the potential opportunity to utilize my background and skill sets which
have prepared me to be a contributing team member at Goldman Sachs. Thank you so much for your
time and consideration.”
“Thank you for considering my application. I hope to utilize my experiences and skill sets as a Summer
Analyst to contribute to Goldman Sach’s growth. Please don’t hesitate to contact me at 301-304-2304
or [email protected] if you need any additional information.”
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COVER
LETTER
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Section 1: Pre-Interview Prep
Networking
NETWORKING
Networking Channels
Students and Alumni Friends and Family
You can easily find students and alumni through Do not be shy to turn to friends and family that may
LinkedIn searches. be in the industry of your interest. This could even
Read the Using LinkedIn section for extend to friends of your parents.
instructions on how exactly to do this. This might be the only group you can ask your
Connect based on a mutual school. This similarity candid and unfiltered questions to - the questions
could create an increased response rate. Create an you actually want to know the answers to, like
even deeper connections through mentioning clubs, “What is the job like 10 years down the line?” “Is it
organizations, or greek life within a school. This may worth it?” “Would you take a different route if you
result in a higher response rate than the school were me knowing what you know now?” and/or
connection alone. “Was the compensation worth the lack of work life
balance?”
COVER
LETTER
Associates
Networking with these two groups is likely
readily available to you could be enough to stand Once you have had a conversation or two, it is likely
out in an interview round. If you only have the worth speaking with an associate as they may have
opportunity or time to reach out to a few people, the power to make the ultimate decision on hiring
aim to network with those that you will likely and will be influential as a referral.
get a response from.
VP’s (Or Directors, MD’s, Group Heads)
If you can get on a call with anyone in or above the
VP level, it is an incredible opportunity to display
Analysts
the work you have put in to get to know people at
Analysts often play a role in the interviewing and the firm. Don’t shy away from reaching out to
recruiting process, especially those from your senior members. You want to prep hard for these
respective school. Analysts too can be pivotal in calls, this could make or break your application!
connecting you with additional analysts, associates,
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NETWORKING
Email and LinkedIn are
going to be the primary tools
used for outreach
Outreach Channels
The Generic Method
The generic method should be used predominantly for mass emails in which you are aiming to reach out
in high volumes with no preference for a specific company or person.
Pros Cons
• Reaches a high volume • Lower response rate
• Quick to execute • Not targeted by priority
• Efficient to use • Takes time to accumulate all contact info
• Can be effective
Templates
Hi [recipient name],
I hope you are doing well!
My name is [your name] and I am currently a [year] at [school/university]. I recently applied for the
[internship] position and I am eager to learn more about your experience at [firm] as an [position].
I would really appreciate a few minutes of your time if you had any availability in the next few weeks.
Happy to work around your schedule. Attaching my resume for your reference.
Best,
Hi [recipient name],
I hope you are doing well!
I came across your LinkedIn as I was searching for fellow [school/university student nicknames] working
at [company]! My name is [your name] and I am currently a [year] at [school/university]. I recently applied
for the [internship name] position and I am eager to learn more about your experience at [firm] and how
[school/university] helped prepare you for the role.
I would really appreciate a few minutes of your time if you had any availability in the next few weeks.
Happy to work around your schedule.
Best,
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NETWORKING
Hi [recipient name],
I hope you are doing well!
My name is [your name] and I am currently a [year] at [school/university]. I noticed you were in [club] as
a/an [position] - I am currently a [position] in [club] as well! I recently applied for the [internship] position
and I am eager to learn more about your experience at [firm] and how [club] helped prepare you for the
role.
I would really appreciate a few minutes of your time if you had any availability in the next few weeks.
Happy to work around your schedule.
Best,
Pros Cons
• Stands out substantially • Takes time
• Provides clear value • Takes research
• Exponentially higher response rates • No guarantees
• Best used on high priority relationships
Templates
Hi [recipient name],
I hope you are doing well!
I recently came across your podcast with [name], [position, ex: CEO of Amazon], and found his approach to
scaling and optimizing an early stage team fascinating!
My name is [your name] and I am currently a [year] at [school/university]. I recently applied for the
[internship] position at [company] - I would love to pick your brain to learn more about the topics
discussed in the podcast and how [company] views scaling early stage teams.
I would really appreciate a few minutes of your time if you had any availability in the next few weeks.
Happy to work around your schedule. Attaching my resume for your reference.
Best,
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NETWORKING
Hi [recipient name],
I hope you had a great weekend!
My name is [your name] and I am currently a [year] at [school/university]. I recently read about your
involvement with [company’s deal or investment] in [company invested in/had deal with] and found their
unique [X] technology product to be very interesting.
Furthermore, having applied to [position] at [company], I am particularly captivated by their investment
thesis and interested to learn more about their approach with [the deal/investment].
If you have any availability over the next couple of weeks for a quick phone call, I would love to pick your
brain to learn more. Happy to work around your schedule.
Best,
Hi [recipient name],
I hope you had a great weekend!
My name is [your name] and I am currently a [year] at [school/university]. I recently read about your
involvement with [company’s deal or investment] in [company invested/had deal with] and found their
unique [X] technology to be very interesting.
As I was researching more into the market of [what the company invested in does, ex: hotel focused
fintech/fintech catered for hotels], I came across a unique comparable company that I wanted to send over
in case it is of interest. [Company] seems to focus more on [X] technology for hotels and could potentially
compliment [invested companies] product, so may be interesting to keep an eye on!
In any case, I would love to pick your brain some more about your involvement with the deal/investment.
Please let me know if you have any availability over the next couple weeks for a quick phone call.
Best,
Do NOT mention wanting to talk about internship/position applied to and how to break into their
company when using the Value Add method. You are asking to talk about a specific piece of work the
person you are reaching out to produce. You are not going to ask what every other candidate will ask, such as
“I would love to learn more about your experience, about the internship, how to stand out, get guidance on
the recruiting process” etc.
Optional elements: You may choose to attach or leave out your resume depending on your preference and
the position of the person you are reaching out to.
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NETWORKING
Post-Meeting Method
Used typically after hearing someone speak at an info session or event.
Template
Hi [recipient name],
I hope you had a great weekend!
My name is [your name] and I am currently a [year] at [school/university].. I thoroughly enjoyed hearing
more about your experience at [company] as a [position] in the [specific group] last night at the
information session; it was particularly interesting to hear about your role on the [deal name] and
[mention something else specific].
I recently submitted my application for [company] and would really appreciate a few minutes if you had
any availability in the next couple of weeks to ask some follow up questions to learn more about the
company. I am happy to work around your schedule.
Best,
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NETWORKING
[Connector name], thank you so much for the introduction! Moving you to Bcc.
[New connections name], it is great to meet you! As [connector name] mentioned, I recently applied to the
[position] at [company] and am eager to learn more about the [firm/position] role. If you have any
availability in the next couple of weeks, I would really appreciate hearing more about your experience at
[company] as a/an [position]. Happy to work around your schedule!
Best,
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NETWORKING
Template
Hi [recipient name],
I hope you are doing well!
I am reaching out because [connector’s name] mentioned you would be a great resource to learn more
about [position] at [company]! My name is [your name] and I am currently a [year] at [school/university].
Having recently applied to [position] at [company], I would love to learn more about your experience at
[company].
If you happen to have any availability in the next couple of weeks to ask some follow up questions to
learn more about [company], please let me know. I am happy to work around your schedule.
Best,
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NETWORKING
Examples
“Hi Chris,
I hope you are doing well!
I wanted to quickly reach out to check in and make sure my previous note did not slip through the
cracks. Would really appreciate a few minutes of your time if you happen to have any availability in the
next week or two!”
“Hi Chris,
I hope you are doing well!
I recently came across an article on Goldman Sach’s
After roughly 2-3 follow ups with
announcement on their expansion into the fintech market.
no response, it's time to stop.
Seems like a really exciting time to be on the team! If you
happen to have any availability in the next few weeks to
chat, I would love to talk more about it.”
If you are still struggling to get a response, try finding unique angles to
follow up. Refer to the Staying In Touch section for some ideas, such as
reacting to them liking, commenting, or posting on LinkedIn or reading an
article about there company that you can refer to. 34
NETWORKING
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NETWORKING
Email Signature
Example
Signature Checklist (in order)
First and last name
Kelly Smith
School name
Georgetown University, McDonough School of Business
Phone number
Personal email 240.675.8302
School email [email protected]
[email protected]
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Use Google Sheets. If you open up a Google sheet, type in the email address you are curious to know will
work, and hover your mouse over the email, you will get a pop up that looks something like this:
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Macquarie [first].[last]@macquarie.com
Oppenheimer & Co. [first].[last]@opco.com
Piper Sandler [first].[last]@psc.com
Raymond James [first].[last]@raymondjames.com
RBC [first].[last]@rbccm.com
Rothschild [first].[last]@rothschildandco.com
Stifel [last][first initial]@stifel.com
SVB Leerink [first].[last]@svbleerink.com
TripleTree [first initial][last]@triple-tree.com
Truist [first].[last]@truist.com
Wells Fargo [first].[last]@wellsfargo.com
William Blair [first initial][last]@williamblair.com
Regional Boutique Investment Banks
Black Arch Partners [last]@blackarchpartners.com
Cascade Partners [first][last initial]@cascade-partners.com
Clearsight Advisors [first initial][last]@clearsightadvisors.com
Corum Group [first][last initial]@corumgroup.com
Covington Partners [first initial][last]@covllc.com
Critical Point Partners [first initial][last]@criticalpointpartners.com
Delancey Street Partners [first initial][last]@delanceyllc.com
Edgemont Partners [first initial][last] @edgemont.com
Fairmount Partners [first].[last]@fairmountpartners.com
Farlie Turner [first initial][last]@farlieturner.com
Fortitude Advisors [first initial][last] @fortitudeadvisors.com
Imperial Capital [first].[last]@imperialcapital.com
Northborne Partners [first initial][last]@northborne.com
P&M Corporate Finance [first].[last]@pmcf.com
ThreeSixtySeven Advisors [first initial][last]@threesixtyseven.com
Private Equity & Venture Capital
3i Group [first].[last]@3i.com
5Y Capital [first][last]@5ycap.com
Accel [first initial][last]@accel.com
Accel-KKR [first]@accel-kkr.com
Acon Investments [first initial][last]@aconinvestments.com
Adams Street Partners [first initial][last]@adamsstreetpartners.com
Advent [first initial][last]@adventinternational.com
AEA Investors [first initial][last]@aeainvestors.com
Affinity Equity [first][last]@affinityequity.com
Alpine Investors [first initial][last]@alpineinvestors.com
Altaris Capital Partners [first].[last]@altariscap.com
Altas Partners [first initial][last]@altaspartners.com
Altor Equity Partners [first].[last]@altor.com
American Industrial Partners [first initial][last]@americanindustrial.com
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Sources:
https://transacted.io/index.php/2022/08/15/investment-bank-email-formats/
https://www.10xebitda.com/private-equity-email-format/
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Template
Hi [recipient name],
Thank you so much for getting back to me. I am free on [day] from [timeframe, ex: 10am-2pm], [day] from
[timeframe], and [day] any time after [time]. I will send over a Google Calendar invite once we decide on a
time.
Looking forward to it!
Best,
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Template Template
That works with me. Sending over a Google Thanks so much for getting back to me.
Calendar invite now. Unfortunately, I am unavailable on [date
and time they proposed]. Would you
Looking forward to it!
happen to have any availability on [first
Best, choice day of the week] from [timeframe, ex:
10am-12pm], [second choice day of the
week] from [timeframe], or [third choice
day of the week] from [timeframe]? Happy
to work around your schedule if not. I will
send over a Google Calendar invite once
we lock in a time.
Looking forward to it!
Best,
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2. In the top right corner, click the Google apps icon and select Calendar .
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3. Click the date and start time agreed upon in the calendar.
4. In the pop up, create a title for the meeting in the Add title box. For example, “[Your Name] / [Their
Name] - Chat About [Position]” or “[School name] Student [Your name] / Chat About [Position]”.
5. Set the end time by selecting an end time from the dropdown menu. Only ask for 30 minutes maximum.
6. Click into the Add guests box and type (or paste) the email of the person you are looking to speak to.
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7. Add video conferencing using Zoom and Google Meet. Opt to use Zoom as it is more commonly used.
a. Zoom: Click the Make it a Zoom meeting button.
b. Google Meet: Select the Add Google Meet video conferencing and select Google Meet . A meet
link will be provided.
Template
Hi [recipient name],
Just wanted to check in if now is still a good time for you. If not, I am happy to reschedule!
Best,
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The Goal
The goal of each networking call is to make a connection with the person you are speaking with and get
connected with someone else!
We will outline how exactly to aim for the goal to be met, but let’s go in chronological order of the call.
Step 1: Answering Or Making the Phonecall and Kicking Off the Conversation
Small Talk
Start by thanking them for taking the time to speak with you. Often they will lead the first few minutes. Some
things to ask during “small talk” include: Are you in the office? How often is the team in the office? Were you up
to anything fun this weekend?
Kickoff
If the person you are networking with is not the first to kick off, initiate the reason for the call by saying
something like:
“Anyway, I really appreciate the time and would love to tell you a bit about myself and hear more about yourself,
your path to [company], and your experience there so far”.
Depending on the timing of the call and the general feel of the call, you will likely opt to give a shorter “tell me
about yourself” which we cover in the Interview Preparation section.
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The Basics
These questions you can recycle and use in any instance with almost anyone working anywhere. They won’t
help you stand out, but may help you fill in silent moments when you are thinking of what to say next. These
include:
Tell me about yourself and your path to [company] How client facing is the role?
as a [position]. What is the internal growth like at [company] and
What is your favorite deal you have worked on? do they value promoting internally?
What is the company culture like? How did [what they did before joining this role]
What has kept you at [company] both help prepare you for [current position]?
professionally and culturally? What kind of deals do you prefer to spend the most
What is mentorship like at [company]? time in?
Why did you choose [industry - ex. IB, PE, VC]? How have the current markets impacted the role
What group are you in? and deal flow?
What are the advantages of working in that group How does the Analyst role differ from the Associate
over others? role? How do those responsibilities begin to shift?
What is your day to day like? What do you think I should be doing in college to
Are there any disadvantages of working in that best prepare for the role so I could hit the ground
group? running and immediately contribute to the team?
Are there lean deal teams? Have things changed since you have started there?
What is the relationship dynamic/team dynamic What were your goals when you were in my shoes
like between juniors and seniors at [company]? as a college Sophomore?
Is the internship generalist or group specific? What are the biggest challenges you face as a/an
Do you have any tips for the process on how I can [position]?
stand out as a candidate? What is your favorite part of working at
What is the global presence like at [company] and [company]?
do you get any exposure to it as an [position] in What was the most surprising to you when you
[location]? started as a/an [position]?
Are there specific industry trends or shifts in the What’s your favorite office tradition or company
market you are currently seeing within your group event?
at [company]? How long did it take you before you felt like you
How much responsibility and autonomy do you were really adding value to the team?
have to take tasks on your own as a [position] like How is your growth and success measured?
running with the model yourself for example?
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Create a statement before the question. Use the phrase “I could imagine”. Take any question above and apply
an “I could imagine” to increase the sense of conversing rather than Q&A. For example:
I could imagine as an [position] at [company] I could imagine when you were in my shoes you
every day must be so different as you are may have also been looking at a variety of
faced with clients that have drastically industries figuring out where your fit was, so I
different challenges, surprises, and time wanted to ask why did you chose [industry] - I
sensitive problems, but I wanted to ask, is think hearing your reasons, and how hopefully
there some level of consistency so I could those reasons have been proven correct, will only
get an idea of what a day to day might look strengthen my reasons for wanting to break into
like? [industry].
I could imagine by now as an [position] you have worked on a variety of different deals between equity
raises, M&A deals, debt issuances…etc. but I wanted to ask what deal have you found to be the most
interesting and taught you the most so far?
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Create a short story to create context around your question. Take any question above and apply a brief
experience or story to create a more genuine question that displays you personally actually want to know the
answer. For example:
I was told by an incoming investment analyst, [name], that every day coming in over the summer, he/she
knew they would encounter and entirely new hurdle to cross with nuanced and complicated problems
they were helping their clients solve and it allowed them to learn a ton through the summer, so I wanted
to ask you, do you have a “typical” day to day or consistent tasks each day or do new things really arise
every day?
During my last internship at [company name], When I was working with [club] I was tasked to
it really helped me realize I loved being client value a company using a variety of methods we
facing but felt like I could produce additional learned in school, pitch it, and luckily it ended up
high quality work on the back end and wanted being invested in - I found the experience to be
that greater exposure to financial modeling to pretty amazing as I was responsible for
really solidify how I look at a company and defending why real money should be allocated
derive a valuation from their numbers - I towards certain equities over others and learned
wanted to ask you did you feel a similar drive a ton through the process. I was wondering is
when breaking into [industry] and if not, what there any particular deal or pitch you worked on
were your reasons for wanting to be a that you enjoyed the most, learned the most
[position]? from, or had a big impact on?
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Deals and investments using the “what you learned from the deal” question
Basic: “I recently came across your investment/deal in [company] and I would love to know more about the
deal, your involvement, and what you took away from the deal?”
“I could imagine”: “I recently came across your investment/deal in [company] and I could imagine it took
months of work and you likely had to learn many new skills along the way, so I would love to know more
about your involvement with the deal and what you learned from it.”
Attach a story: “I recently came across your investment/deal in [company] and I heard from [positions, ex:
analyst’s] at other (or the same) [industry, ex: investment banks] that deals often take months of work and
require you to learn new skills almost every day so I would love to learn more about your involvement with
the deal and what you learned from it.”
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Thank you so much for the time. I really appreciate all of the advice and guidance you offered me today
and I really learned a lot. Is there anyone else, perhaps a fellow Analyst or Associate you work closely
with that you suggest I reach out to, to continue learning about [company]?
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Hi [recipient name],
I hope you had a great rest of your day!
I wanted to thank you for taking the time to speak with me earlier. I really enjoyed our conversation and
learned a lot. I particularly enjoyed hearing more about your involvement with [X] and its impact on [X].
If anyone comes to mind that you suggest I should contact to continue learning about [company], please
let me know.
Talk soon!
Best,
Staying in Touch
Find an excuse to reach out. Find reasons to reach out beyond a random check in just saying
hello. If you are struggling to think of ideas refer to the following list.
Work Related
Promotion: Person receives a promotion at work. Professional milestone: Work anniversaries,
Job transition: Person changes jobs or pivots published work, awards, or recognition
industries. News about company they work for more
Attends school: Person decides to pursue graduate generally: Reaching out in response to positive news
school for example. about the company they work for. This includes
company expansion, record revenue/profits,
Likes, comments, or posts on LinkedIn: One of the
partnerships, new product launch, new clients,
easier ones as people are often regularly active on
and/or sustainability initiatives.
LinkedIn.
Attended recent conference or seminar: If you
Releases an article, blog, or podcast: Person
both attended the same one or your interested to
releases new piece of content you can reach out and
hear how the one they attended went.
reflect on.
Close a deal or investment: Made a new investment
Collaboration opportunities: If you’re involved in a
or participated in deal that has publicly closed.
project, initiative, or research that aligns with their
expertise, discuss potential collaboration or advice. Local events: If they happen to be in your town or a
town related to you.
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Using LinkedIn
Tips
Set up a LinkedIn account if you don’t already Consider purchasing a Premium account. A free
have one. You do not have to be on LinkedIn every trial could be useful to send messages before
second of every day, but having one allows you to connection request is approved.
slowly build your professional network all in one
Choose an appropriate profile picture. Make sure
platform. Building up a LinkedIn page takes time, so
your picture is not too outdated and is professional.
start now!
Consider a friend taking a picture in portrait mode of
you in a button down or suit.
Connect with your friends first. Opt to connect
with people you are closer with first to build up at
Add background photo (optional). Often people
least 100+ connections. You do not want to be the
use their school landscape images.
person with 14 connections trying to connect with
Share big milestones through posts. Include the
professionals.
accomplishment, a brief description of what you
Use LinkedIn for outreach. The outreach methods did/are going to do, and who would you like to
we previously discussed apply when writing to thank. For example:
someone on LinkedIn as well. Future: “I am incredibly excited to share that I
Use your account effectively and connect with people will be joining [company] as a/an [position] next
you are looking to network with. summer! My responsibilities will include [list 2-
3]. I would also like to thank [@ people that
List your experiences. It is not required to put helped you along the way]. Can't wait to join the
descriptions under each, but we suggest putting a team!”
title of the position and the length of the experience. Completed experience: “I am incredibly grateful
You are not required to put school information prior for my experience this past summer with
to attending college/university. College/university [company]. The opportunity to work alongside
and up is perfectly fine! No need to include [clients, use @ name drop] exceeded my
highschool information, it is up to you. expectations as I learned to [2-4 things you
learned to do]. Thank you to [mentors and
colleagues at work] for making this such a
memorable [internship, summer, experience]!”
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2. In the search bar, type the name of the company you are interested to network with.
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Section 2
Interview Prep
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PREPARATION
Body Language
I know it may seem obvious, but please read the following points carefully:
Smile a lot! Smiles are contagious and while your Maintain eye contact. Stop looking away and
interviewer is tirelessly asking the same question to a confidently hold eye contact while delivering your
handful of college students back to back, your bright prepared answers, despite their facial expressions.
energy will have an impact on their mood. Often they will seem bored and unimpressed as a way
to test how you respond.
Stand (or sit) straight. Many people slouch during
interviews and do not display the confidence and Use open gestures. Do not cross your arms. Instead,
comfortability that simply straightening your back sit comfortably with your hands by your lap or use
accomplishes. them to express your answers.
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Examples
Why is your GPA [X]? (This person could ask why it You mentioned [X] in this experience, talk more
is good or bad) about it.
Why did you transfer? You only have experience in [X], why do you think
Why did you only do that internship for two you can work in [Y]?
months? Why don’t you have more experience?
Why did you study abroad there?
Questions could also be stemmed from your ‘Additional/Skills & Interests’ section.
Examples
You mention you play tennis, what did you think of You like playing golf? What is your handicap?
the game last night? Tell us more about your research on [X].
What do you like to cook and how did you learn? How did you learn to use [X] computer program?
In what way are you proficient in Microsoft Excel? Tell me more about it.
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Template
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Part 2: Hook
Every story should start with a hook to capture the audience. To think of your hook, ask yourself “where
did the passion and the fire for the industry or field really start”? “When did you first realize you wanted
more of this area?”
It may take some digging, but let's look at some examples that may spark a memory for you.
Touchpoints
Childhood curiosity leading to an realization in Overcoming personal obstacles. “Growing up I was
your passion. Lemonade stands, selling sports card, always [X] which encouraged me to become more [Y]
trading toys, etc. with the help of [XYZ], that's when I knew I had to
share my experience with more kids…”
Hobbies becoming side hustles. Spending time
helping out in areas that you were passionate about, Encounter sparking change. “I was at the coffee
eventually turning into a small business. For shop and sparked up a conversation with the person in
example, “Helping people fix their computers led to front of me who explained their business was
me charging to do so.” struggling with [X] and I offered to help with [Y], one
thing led to the next and…”
Innovating/finding your passion through
adversity. Adversity forces you to find solutions to Responding to change. “After moving hometowns, I
problems you or your family and friends may have did not have many friends and sought out
been facing. For example, “I was unable to have opportunities to meet kids my age in the new
affordable access to transportation, therefore I neighborhood. That's when I realized…”
started…”
Admiring local business. “As a kid I always went to
Finding market gaps. “I struggled finding affordable this one coffee shop that did [XYZ] and their way of
clothes as a highschool student led me to…” making their customer feel at home really had an
impact on me that made me realize…”
Inspired by role models, such as mentors
professors, teachers, parents, celebrities. “Ever Good or bad employment experience
since watching/reading [X] show, podcast, article, Good experience: “When I was 14 I had the
taking [X] class with [professor], I realized…” opportunity to shadow the local store owner for a day.
We did [XYZ], and from that day forward I knew…”
Desire to make an impact on community. “I grew Bad experience: “When I was 14 I had the opportunity
up in a community that did not have access to to shadow our local vet and I was so afraid of the
affordable tutors so I started…” animals that I quit on day one and immediately signed
up to be a barista at the local coffee shop. That was
Out of the blue moment. “One random day as a 14
the best experience to ever happen because at the
year old I was walking through the grocery store aisle
coffee shop I learned [X]. From that point forward I
and asked my mom why everyone looked so stressed
knew…”
out, she said because it is tiring to search through food
stores for what you need, that's when I realized I
needed to…”
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Architecture. “On my bike ride to school, I would bike Parents or family. “Growing up in a house where my
by the [X] building and always wondered what was parents were attempting to open a local coffee
inside. One day I asked a friend, had the opportunity to business, I learned from a very young age the
visit, and never stopped exploring the world of [X] importance of [XYZ], and it has truthfully always stuck
since…” with me…”
Example
“When I was 16, I was playing around in Adobe Photoshop in art class with my best friend and we
started designing different icons we thought would be really cool looking to design on a T-shirt. One
thing led to the next and we were selling shirts and hoodies to our whole friend group, grade, and
eventually for the school. That moment really sparked something inside of me and I knew I needed to
continue exploring entrepreneurship and business.”
Part 3: Transitions
After your hook, you want a smooth transition explaining why
you applied and/or why you have pursued your next experience. If you are a sophomore or older,
The idea of the transition is to express a clear story to we suggest skipping from the hook
understand how one experience drove you to the next. One to explaining what you have done
experience may have made you realize you want to expand in since arriving on campus.
another, compliment the skills you have already learned, or dive
deeper in a specific area.
Touchpoints
You may choose to first talk about an experience …or arriving to University
before arriving to university… “Coming to [school], I knew I wanted to continue
“After realizing [X], I knew I wanted to keep learning seeking out opportunities to learn more about [X]
more about [X]. That is why I joined [X]/ worked for which is why I nearly immediately joined [X]
[X] which allowed me to continue expanding on [X].” club/organization…”
Templates
This experience prompted me to seek further This experience [experience name] allowed
experiences in [new skills you are aiming to get], me to understand [topic] which drove me
which ultimately led me to join [next experience] to pursue [new experience] as a way to
where I was able to truly dive deep into [topic enhance my skills in [topic from new
from new experience]. experience].
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Doing [topic/tasks from experience] became After gaining [skills], I sought out [new
the catalyst for my decision to pursue [new experience] to complement and enrich my skills
experience] in order to strengthen my abilities in [describe skills], ultimately leading me to
in [new topic]. join/intern with [new experience] team.
Template
Coming to [school], I knew I wanted to continue seeking out opportunities to learn more about [X]
which is why I almost immediately joined [X] club/organization - an organization that allows students
to work hand in hand with local companies in helping them solve their greatest challenges.
(CONTEXT). I gained significant insight into how I could provide value for these businesses by
understanding their long term vision, offering various strategic paths to get there, and implementing
actionable steps that align with their objectives. (TAKEAWAY) Nevertheless, while helping these
businesses I quickly realized the importance of solidifying a financial skill set which is what drove me
to join the Campus Investment Fund. (TRANSITION)
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Part 5: Ending
The ending is a brief recap and reiteration as to why you can provide value and contribute to the team.
Examples
“By combining the experiences I previously mentioned and skills I was able to get from financial
modeling to more innovative and creative areas like marketing and client outreach, I am confident and
would be incredibly excited to have the opportunity to add value and contribute to your team.” s
“That all being said, I am eager for the potential opportunity to apply my skills from the experiences I
previously mentioned in a way that helps Goldman Sach’s and I am excited to learn even more about
the company throughout this interview as well.”
“I am incredibly excited by the potential opportunity to utilize my background and skill sets which
have prepared me to be a contributing team member at Goldman Sachs and I am excited to learn even
more about the company from you today.”
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Have at least one example per reason. Do not Quantify impact here as well! Although you don’t
give “naked” answers such as “the people, culture, want to include numbers in all of your answers,
responsibility, exposure” without a defense. Each when asked about a particular experience or job,
answer must have a reason, example, explanation, feel free to quantify your impact.
or story included in the response.
Talk about adding value and contributing
Use “insider information” where you can! Take where you can. Any chance you have to mention
the chances you get to refer to previous networking your goal is to provide value or contribute to their
calls, meetings, or coffee chats and what you team, take it. I would rather you say it in every
learned from those conversations. Refer to exciting sentence than forget to say it at all.
deals, investments, and personal anecdotes you
learned from people within the company.
“Why do you want to work for this company?” Do not list any reason without
Every option below must be paired with a thoughtful defending your reasons.
example or explanation.
Rules of Thumb
Use “insider knowledge”. Incorporating reasons you learned from people working at the company you are
interviewing strengthens your response exponentially and explains what you learned from those conversations
clearly. Use stories you were told by others at that company to explain reasons why you want to work there or
use stories of your own.
Example
“James Rosenbaum, an analyst on the industrials team, told me that on his first day on the job he was
staffed on an IPO where he was able to work on every element that went into the preparation of the IPO
all the way until the company successfully went public - this is a great example of the level of
responsibility and exposure you have at Goldman Sachs at just the analyst level, which is something I
would be incredibly excited to face.”
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The people/culture. It is best to support with examples from people you have spoken to. It is an easy out if
you have not spoken to people at that company. Come prepared with names to defend this point if they ask who
you noticed stayed beyond their analyst years!
After looking through alumni from [school] working at [company], it is evidently clear people stay
beyond there 2 year analyst period making it pretty obvious that there are both professional and
cultural reasons for doing so, and this is fairly unique to [company] compared to its competitors.
Companies values align with your own. Describe Sustainability initiatives. Joint belief and interest in
their core values and explain how they align with sustainability initiatives. Examples: Green Bond
your own. It is best to use a personal example for this issuances, pledges, and carbon footprint reduction.
answer.
Analytical focus. Opportunity to gain expertise in
Client facing. The role is not only back office work, “hard”, analytical skills within finance.
but relationship and client focused.
Innovative company - willing to break tradition
Global presence. Their global reach provides for change. Differentiates themselves from
opportunities to work with people from diverse competitors by being first movers in various
backgrounds. innovative areas.
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Belief in internal promoting and retaining talent. Belief in there company over others. Wanting to
Focus on promoting internally and keeping talent be a part of that companies growth specifically and
within the company for a long time. why you believe in them over their competitors.
Opportunity to truly contribute and make Training program. Effective training program that
meaningful impact. Could be a point to a flat teaches incoming analysts everything they need to
culture. Generally, understanding the company know to hit the ground running.
delegates high priority tasks and entrusts you to
complete them.
Templates
After having conversations with John Smith, Jessie Wilson, and Anna Martinez, it was incredibly clear
to me that [company] has a unique company culture that promotes innovative thinking, collaboration,
and a focus on having a true impact with the work you do - in fact, Jessie told me a story where she
asked her MD if she could complete the financial model on her own as a way to learn as much as
possible on her first staffing and the MD gave her permission to take a few days to work on it. The deal
ended up closing with a significant portion of the final model coming from Jessie's contributions and
the MD took the whole team out for drinks and dinner to celebrate. I think this is a great example of
the company's real belief in their junior employees and collaborative approach to teaching.
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“Why you?”
Every option below must be paired with a thoughtful example or explanation.
Example
“My curiosity is what truly drives me to seek out new experiences, to ask questions, and lean into every
environment I am placed in (STATEMENT).
Last summer when I was working as a Strategies Analyst alongside 3 other interns, I was constantly
seeking ways to help the clients we were paired with but I noticed many of the interns would get on calls
with the clients to understand their problem and then write a deliverable on how to help them. That
being said, I don't really think they understood their clients' real, underlying problems and don’t think
they could without attempting to dive deeper. With my clients, I was keen on understanding their vision,
their backgrounds, how they got to the challenge they were facing, and I would seek advice from other
analysts, associates, and VPs within the company before sending a final deliverable. In the end, my
clients rated my work extremely highly and we still keep in touch today. (DEFENSE)
I believe my curiosity to truly dive deeper to understand every aspect of the challenge and potential
solutions is what drove me to succeed and provide real value for my clients. I believe my curiosity as a
Junior Analyst is what would drive my desire to learn and help Goldman Sach’s clients as well to ensure I
am truly making contributions and adding value.” (APPLICATION)
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There can be some overlap between
the “why you” and your strength.
Using Strengths and Weaknesses
Rules of Thumb
Rule #1: Be honest but careful. It can not be Come up with at least 2 for each. Often
stressed enough that you should truly create a interviewers will ask for another strength or another
genuine and honest answer because this is the only weakness to test if you came prepared so it is best to
way it will come off as genuine and honest. At the be equipped with at least 2 for each.
same time, you do not want to give cocky strengths
or alarming weaknesses. Each weakness should end with how you are
improving! Do not give a weakness without at least
One of the greatest opportunities to connect. By briefly touching on the fact that you are currently
sharing your strengths, and more importantly working on improving in the areas you are struggling
weaknesses with someone else, you have the with. Explain how you identified the weakness, and
opportunity to connect with them as they likely can provide concrete steps you have taken in and/or out
relate to your strengths and weaknesses. Do not of school to address the weakness. Important to not
waste the opportunity by giving a rehearsed and be cocky or seem like the weakness has been fully
untruthful answer. resolved, but instead is an conscience work
in progress.
Example
“I believe I am a very empathetic person which has helped me connect deeper with clients I have
worked with. (STATEMENT). Having had previously worked with Bank of America I was
predominantly in a client facing role where I spent time with over 20 founders understanding them
and how they came to start a company; by working closely with them I came to realize most of them
were looking to solve problems they, their friends, or family were facing. By diving deep into their
stories, their motivation, and their founder experience I grew to be very empathetic for those looking
to build a better world. I think by growing empathetic for founders and company teams, I have been
able to deeply connect with their cause, dig into the challenges they are facing, and really work to
develop actionable steps to find a solution. (DEFENSE) I know that is something Goldman Sach’s also
strives to do with their own clients no matter the obstacle they may be facing.” (APPLICATION)
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Weaknesses
trouble asking for help over commitment handling ambiguity dealing with uncertainty prioritizing
harsh self
u criticis delegating tasks difficl ty wi th conf ront at ion overthinking perfectionism
e
Example
“One of my weaknesses is my tendency to spread myself thin. (STATEMENT). When I got to college, I
was pretty overwhelmed with the opportunities, clubs, and organizations that I could join, so I signed
up for far too many. I realized that I did so because I was giving 5% to each one instead of focusing
more on my top few and learning a lot from those few. (DEFENSE) In any case, I have been working on
this tendency of mine this past semester by diving more deeply into the organizations that I felt could
add the most value and that I could learn the most from, which I would also hope to do as a Junior
Analyst at Goldman Sachs.” (APPLICATION/IMPROVEMENT)
“I don’t have any weaknesses” “I am not sure” Poor attention to detail often late
inability to meet deadlines often shut down when overwhelmed do not work well with teams
Rules of Thumb
Use “insider information” where you can. Get excited about the industry. It is important to
Remember, take the chances you get to refer to come off excited and genuinely passionate about the
previous networking calls, meetings, and coffee chats industry you are interviewing in. The best way to do
with people from the company you are interviewing that is to get yourself genuinely excited! Think about
with. Refer to exciting deals, investments, and it, you have the opportunity to be fresh out of
personal anecdotes you learned from people within undergraduate working at the forefront of
the company. transformative business decisions where you have
inside access to the most exciting developments in
the world. Read recent news on the most exciting
developments in the field to get yourself prepared,
Use the framework for behavioral
excited, and passionate.
interviews as a guide to ensure you are
hitting all the right points.
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Examples
Lets look at a weak and strong example with the assumption is I am recruiting in Investment Banking:
Weak Example
“Working in IB would offer me the opportunity to learn a lot in a very short amount of time since you
are given lots of responsibility and exposure to a lot of different problems companies face. And you
also do that on a global scale which exposes you to even more experiences. At the end of the day, I
want to take on this level of responsibility to begin helping [company] support their clients.”
Strong Example
“Working in IB and specifically within Investment Banking at Bank of America gives me a front row
seat to the most nuanced and complex decisions and challenges that often define a company's
trajectory. The fact that I get to help, assist, and advise companies through these important decisions
is truly an unparalleled experience. I know each day poses a different challenge and strategic decision
for vastly different companies which allows me to begin to understand how I can help transform
companies no matter the hurdle in front of them. To actually be doing all this, to be adding real value
and contributing to a team at just 22, fresh out of undergrad, is undeniably exciting to me. Particularly,
at GS, being able to do so on a global scale, alongside like minded individuals, in an environment that
is fast paced yet collaborative and innovative would be an exceptional experience.”
Think Of Stories
Come up with 4-6 stories from your most applicable
and impactful experiences. With those stories in Avoid repeating stories; instead, offer varied
mind consider the following list of questions and answers. If you first answer a time when you
quickly think which story would apply best to failed by discussing a deliverable you gave in your
answer the respective question. last summer job and than are asked what is a
challenge you faced, you can not use the same
Examples story. That being said, you may use the same
Faced a challenge experience, like the same job from last summer,
Failed but different story within that experience.
Worked well with a team
Took on a leadership role
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Situational Questions
These are questions related to your reaction in a variety of different dilemmas at work. Create a
framework that can apply to most questions. Think about the most important steps you would take
in a given dilemma at work and try to use those steps to answer any related questions. These
include situational questions at work with colleagues or clients.
“What would you do if you were given an ambiguous task with little detail?”
The first step is always to look into the dilemma myself before immediately turning to anyone. Dive as deep as
you can on your own to see if you can clear any confusion and answer any questions you may have
independently. After doing so, you will create a list of questions ranked by priority. Ask those questions to a
fellow intern or analyst first. Only after doing so, turn to the associate or VP that assigned you with the task.
You would not want to refrain from asking any questions and deliver poor quality work for
something that could get resolved fairly quickly but, you would want to clear up as many
questions independently to be cognizant of your boss's time.
You, again, would not want to give 25% to each VP but rather 100% to each and after diving
deeper independently and speaking with others you would feel comfortable and feel it is
the most effective next step to turn back to your VP’s to give the final green light.
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Brain Teasers
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Ending
Ending Checklist
You will always be asked “Do you have
Thank them for their time once more.
any questions for us?” Never, say no.
Come prepared with at least 2-5 questions.
Questions To Ask
1. Refer back to the Networking ‘Ask Questions’ section to create a questions list and determine how to
appropriately phrase and deliver questions.
2. Refer to topics discussed throughout the interview. By asking follow up questions to stories the
interviewer told you throughout the interview, you boost the conversational sense and display your deep
interest in what they were telling you!
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