5.

Types of testing performed

a) Smoke Testing
This testing was done whenever a Build is received (deployed into
Test environment) for Testing to make sure the major
functionalities are working fine, Build can be accepted and Testing
can start.
b) System Integration Testing
 This is the Testing performed on the Application
under test, to verify the entire application works as
per the requirements
 Critical Business scenarios were tested to make sure
important functionalities in the application works as
intended without any errors.
c) Regression Testing
 Regression testing was performed each time a
new build is deployed for testing which contains
defect fixes and new enhancements, if any.
 Regression Testing is being done on the entire
application and not just the new functionalities and
Defect fixes.
 This testing ensures that existing functionalities
works fine after defect fix and new enhancements are
added to the existing application.
 Test cases for new functionalities are added to the
existing test cases and executed.

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 <Describe the various types of Testing performed for the Project. This will make
sure the application is being tested properly thro testing types agreed as per Test
Strategy>
6. Test Environment & Tools
<Provide details on Test Environment in which the Testing is carried out. Server,
Database, Application URL etc. If any Tools were used like Quality Center (now HP
ALM) for logging defects>

Application http://abcd.2345.com
URL 192.168.xxx.22
Apps Server Oracle 12g
Database 192.168.xxx.22
HP QC/ALM
7. Lessons Learnt
<This section is used to describe the critical issues faced and their solutions
(how they were solved during the Testing). Lessons learnt will help to make
proactive decisions during the next Testing engagement, by avoiding these
mistakes or finding a suitable workaround >

SI. No Issues faced Solutions

Somke testing test cases Smoke test cases were
1 required to be executed automated and the scripts were
manually each time run, which ran fast and saved
time

2 Initially, Few testers were not Rights were obtained from

having rights to change defect Client, by explaining the
status in HP QC/ALM. Test lead difficulty.
need to perform this task.

8. Recommendations
<Any workaround or suggestions can be mentioned here.>
 Admin control for defect management tool can be given to
Offshore Test lead/manager for providing access to Testing
team.
 Each time the onsite Admin need not be contacted for requests
whenever they arise, thereby saving time due to the geographical
time zone difference.
9.Best Practices
<There will be lot of activities done by the Testing team during the project. Some of
them could have saved time, some proved to be a good & efficient way to work, etc.
These can be documented as a ‘Value Add’ to show case to the Stakeholders.

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 Example: A repetitive task done manually every time was time consuming. This
task was automated by creating scripts and run each time, which saved time and
resources.
 Smoke test cases were automated and the scripts were run, which
ran fast and saved time.
 Automation scripts were prepared to create new customers,
where lot of records need to be created for Testing.
 Business critical scenarios are separately tested on the entire
application which are vital to certify they works fine.
10. Exit Criteria
<Exit Criteria is defined as a Completion of Testing by fulfilling certain conditions>
a) All test cases should be executed – Yes
b) All defects in Critical, Major, Medium severity should be verified
and closed – Yes.
c) Any open defects in trivial severity – Action plan prepared with expected
dates of closure.
Example: No Severity1 defects should be ‘OPEN’; Only 2 Severity2 defects
should be ‘OPEN’; Only 4 Severity3 defects should be ‘OPEN’. Note: This may
vary from project to project. Plan of Action for the Open defects should be clearly
mentioned with details on when & how they will be addressed and closed.>
11. Conclusion/Sign Off
<This section will mention whether the Testing team agrees and gives a Green
signal for the application to ‘Go Live’ or not, after the Exit Criteria was met. If the
application does not meet the Exit Criteria, then it can be mentioned as – “The
application is not suggested to ‘Go Live’. In this scenario, It will be left with the
decision of Senior Management and Client and other Stakeholders involved to take
the call on whether the application can ‘Go Live’ or not.>
As the Exit criteria was met and satisfied as mentioned in Section 10, this
application is suggested to ‘Go Live’ by the Testing team. Appropriate
User/Business acceptance testing should be performed before ‘Go Live’.
12. Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations
<This section mentions the meanings of Abbreviated terms used in this
document and any other new definitions>

[Prepared By: Kamal Subramani] Page 112

[Prepared By: Kamal Subramani] Page 113
What is SQL?
· SQL stands for Structured Query Language
· SQL allows you to access a database
· SQL is an ANSI standard computer language
· SQL can execute queries against a database
· SQL can retrieve data from a database
· SQL can insert new records in a database
· SQL can delete records from a database
· SQL can update records in a database
· SQL is easy to learn

SQL is a Standard - BUT....

SQL is an ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standard computer language for accessing and manipulating
database systems. SQL statements are used to retrieve and update data in a database. SQL works with database programs
like MS Access, DB2, Informix, MS SQL Server, Oracle, Sybase, etc.
Unfortunately, there are many different versions of the SQL language, but to be in compliance with the ANSI standard, they
must support the same major keywords in a similar manner (such as SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, INSERT, WHERE, and
others).
Note: Most of the SQL database programs also have their own proprietary extensions in addition to the SQL standard!

SQL Database Tables

A database most often contains one or more tables. Each table is identified by a name (e.g. "Customers" or "Orders"). Tables
contain records (rows) with data.
Below is an example of a table called "Persons":
LastName FirstName Address City
Hansen Ola Timoteivn 10 Sandnes
Svendson Tove Borgvn 23 Sandnes
Pettersen Kari Storgt 20 Stavanger
The table above contains three records (one for each person) and four columns (LastName, FirstName, Address, and City).

SQL Queries
With SQL, we can query a database and have a result set returned.
A query like this:
SELECT LastName FROM Persons

Gives a result set like this:

LastName

Hansen
Svendson
Pettersen
Note: Some database systems require a semicolon at the end of the SQL statement.

SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML)

SQL (Structured Query Language) is a syntax for executing queries. But the SQL language also includes a syntax to update,
insert, and delete records.
These query and update commands together form the Data Manipulation Language (DML) part of SQL:
§ SELECT - extracts data from a database table
§ UPDATE - updates data in a database table
§ DELETE - deletes data from a database table
§ INSERT INTO - inserts new data into a database table

SQL Data Definition Language (DDL)

The Data Definition Language (DDL) part of SQL permits database tables to be created or deleted. We can also define indexes
(keys), specify links between tables, and impose constraints between database tables.
The most important DDL statements in SQL are:
§ CREATE TABLE - creates a new database table
§ ALTER TABLE - alters (changes) a database table
§ DROP TABLE - deletes a database table
§ CREATE INDEX - creates an index (search key)
§ DROP INDEX - deletes an index

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SQL The SELECT Statement
The SELECT Statement
The SELECT statement is used to select data from a table. The tabular result is stored in a result table (called the result-
set).
Syntax
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name

Select Some Columns

To select the columns named "LastName" and "FirstName", use a SELECT statement like this:

SELECT LastName,FirstName FROM Persons

"Persons" table
LastName FirstName Address City
Hansen Ola Timoteivn 10 Sandnes
Svendson Tove Borgvn 23 Sandnes
Pettersen Kari Storgt 20 Stavanger

Result
LastName FirstName
Hansen Ola
Svendson Tove
Pettersen Kari

Select All Columns

To select all columns from the "Persons" table, use a * symbol instead of column names, like this:
SELECT * FROM Persons

Result
LastName FirstName Address City
Hansen Ola Timoteivn 10 Sandnes
Svendson Tove Borgvn 23 Sandnes
Pettersen Kari Storgt 20 Stavanger

The Result Set

The result from a SQL query is stored in a result-set. Most database software systems allow navigation of the result set with
programming functions, like: Move-To-First-Record, Get-Record-Content, Move-To-Next-Record, etc.
Semicolon after SQL Statements?
Semicolon is the standard way to separate each SQL statement in database systems that allow more than one SQL statement
to be executed in the same call to the server.
Some SQL tutorials end each SQL statement with a semicolon. Is this necessary? We are using MS Access and SQL Server
2000 and we do not have to put a semicolon after each SQL statement, but some database programs force you to use it.

The SELECT DISTINCT Statement

The DISTINCT keyword is used to return only distinct (different) values.
The SELECT statement returns information from table columns. But what if we only want to select distinct elements?
With SQL, all we need to do is to add a DISTINCT keyword to the SELECT statement:
Syntax
SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s)
FROM table_name

Using the DISTINCT keyword

To select ALL values from the column named "Company" we use a SELECT statement like this:
SELECT Company FROM Orders

"Orders" table
Company OrderNumber
Sega 3412
W3Schools 2312
Trio 4678
W3Schools 6798

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Result
Company
Sega
W3Schools
Trio
W3Schools

Note that "W3Schools" is listed twice in the result-set.

To select only DIFFERENT values from the column named "Company" we use a SELECT DISTINCT statement like this:
SELECT DISTINCT Company FROM Orders
Result:

Company
Sega
W3Schools
Trio

SQL The WHERE Clause

The WHERE clause is used to specify a selection criterion.

The WHERE Clause

To conditionally select data from a table, a WHERE clause can be added to the SELECT statement.
Syntax
SELECT column FROM table
WHERE column operator value

With the WHERE clause, the following operators can be used:

Operator Description
= Equal
<> Not equal
> Greater than
< Less than
>= Greater than or equal
<= Less than or equal
BETWEEN Between an inclusive range
LIKE Search for a pattern

Note: In some versions of SQL the <> operator may be written as !=

Using the WHERE Clause

To select only the persons living in the city "Sandnes", we add a WHERE clause to the SELECT statement:

SELECT * FROM Persons

WHERE City='Sandnes'

"Persons" table
LastName FirstName Address City Year
Hansen Ola Timoteivn 10 Sandnes 1951
Svendson Tove Borgvn 23 Sandnes 1978
Svendson Stale Kaivn 18 Sandnes 1980
Pettersen Kari Storgt 20 Stavanger 1960

Result
LastName FirstName Address City Year
Hansen Ola Timoteivn 10 Sandnes 1951
Svendson Tove Borgvn 23 Sandnes 1978
Svendson Stale Kaivn 18 Sandnes 1980

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Using Quotes
Note that we have used single quotes around the conditional values in the examples.
SQL uses single quotes around text values (most database systems will also accept double quotes).
Numeric values should not be enclosed in quotes.
For text values:

This is correct:
SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE FirstName='Tove' This is
wrong:
SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE FirstName=Tove

For numeric values:

This is correct:
SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE Year>1965
This is wrong:
SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE Year>'1965'

The LIKE Condition

The LIKE condition is used to specify a search for a pattern in a column.
Syntax
SELECT column FROM table
WHERE column LIKE pattern

A "%" sign can be used to define wildcards (missing letters in the pattern) both before and after the pattern.
Using LIKE
The following SQL statement will return persons with first names that start with an 'O':

SELECT * FROM Persons

WHERE FirstName LIKE 'O%'
The following SQL statement will return persons with first names that end with an 'a':

SELECT * FROM Persons

WHERE FirstName LIKE '%a'
The following SQL statement will return persons with first names that contain the pattern 'la':

SELECT * FROM Persons

WHERE FirstName LIKE '%la%'

SQL The INSERT INTO Statement

The INSERT INTO Statement
The INSERT INTO statement is used to insert new rows into a table.

Syntax
INSERT INTO table_name
VALUES (value1, value2,....)

You can also specify the columns for which you want to insert data:

INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2,...)

VALUES (value1, value2,....)
Insert a New Row
This "Persons" table:
LastName FirstName Address City
Pettersen Kari Storgt 20 Stavanger
And this SQL statement:

INSERT INTO Persons

VALUES ('Hetland', 'Camilla', 'Hagabakka 24', 'Sandnes')

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Will give this result:
LastName FirstName Address City
Pettersen Kari Storgt 20 Stavanger
Hetland Camilla Hagabakka 24 Sandnes
Insert Data in Specified Columns
This "Persons" table:
LastName FirstName Address City
Pettersen Kari Storgt 20 Stavanger
Hetland Camilla Hagabakka 24 Sandnes
And This SQL statement:
INSERT INTO Persons (LastName, Address)
VALUES ('Rasmussen', 'Storgt 67')

Will give this result:

LastName FirstName Address City
Pettersen Kari Storgt 20 Stavanger
Hetland Camilla Hagabakka 24 Sandnes
Rasmussen Storgt 67
SQL The UPDATE Statement
The Update Statement
The UPDATE statement is used to modify the data in a table.
Syntax
UPDATE table_name
SET column_name = new_value
WHERE column_name = some_value

Person:
LastName FirstName Address City
Nilsen Fred Kirkegt 56 Stavanger
Rasmussen Storgt 67
Update one Column in a Row
We want to add a first name to the person with a last name of "Rasmussen":

UPDATE Person SET FirstName = 'Nina'

WHERE LastName = 'Rasmussen'
Result:
LastName FirstName Address City
Nilsen Fred Kirkegt 56 Stavanger
Rasmussen Nina Storgt 67

Update several Columns in a Row

We want to change the address and add the name of the city:

UPDATE Person
SET Address = 'Stien 12', City = 'Stavanger'
WHERE LastName = 'Rasmussen'
Result:
LastName FirstName Address City
Nilsen Fred Kirkegt 56 Stavanger
Rasmussen Nina Stien 12 Stavanger
SQL The Delete Statement
The Delete Statement
The DELETE statement is used to delete rows in a table.
Syntax
DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE column_name = some_value

Person:
LastName FirstName Address City
Nilsen Fred Kirkegt 56 Stavanger
Rasmussen Nina Stien 12 Stavanger

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Delete a Row
"Nina Rasmussen" is going to be deleted:
DELETE FROM Person WHERE LastName = 'Rasmussen'
Result
LastName FirstName Address City
Nilsen Fred Kirkegt 56 Stavanger

Delete All Rows

It is possible to delete all rows in a table without deleting the table. This means that the table structure, attributes, and
indexes will be intact:

DELETE FROM table_name

or
DELETE * FROM table_name

SQL ORDER BY
The ORDER BY keyword is used to sort the result.
Sort the Rows
The ORDER BY clause is used to sort the rows.
Orders:
Company OrderNumber
Sega 3412
ABC Shop 5678
W3Schools 2312
W3Schools 6798

Example
To display the companies in alphabetical order:

SELECT Company, OrderNumber FROM Orders

ORDER BY Company
Result:
Company OrderNumber
ABC Shop 5678
Sega 3412
W3Schools 6798
W3Schools 2312

Example
To display the companies in alphabetical order AND the ordernumbers in numerical order:

SELECT Company, OrderNumber FROM Orders

ORDER BY Company, OrderNumber
Result:
Company OrderNumber
ABC Shop 5678
Sega 3412
W3Schools 2312
W3Schools 6798

Example
To display the companies in reverse alphabetical order:

SELECT Company, OrderNumber FROM Orders

ORDER BY Company DESC
Result:
Company OrderNumber
W3Schools 6798
W3Schools 2312
Sega 3412
ABC Shop 5678

Example
To display the companies in reverse alphabetical order AND the ordernumbers in numerical order:

[Prepared By: Kamal Subramani] Page 119

SELECT Company, OrderNumber FROM Orders
ORDER BY Company DESC, OrderNumber ASC
Result:
Company OrderNumber
W3Schools 2312
W3Schools 6798
Sega 3412
ABC Shop 5678

SQL AND & OR

AND & OR
AND and OR join two or more conditions in a WHERE clause.
The AND operator displays a row if ALL conditions listed are true. The OR operator displays a row if ANY of the conditions
listed are true.
Original Table (used in the examples)
LastName FirstName Address City
Hansen Ola Timoteivn 10 Sandnes
Svendson Tove Borgvn 23 Sandnes
Svendson Stephen Kaivn 18 Sandnes
Example
Use AND to display each person with the first name equal to "Tove", and the last name equal to "Svendson":

SELECT * FROM Persons

WHERE FirstName='Tove'
AND LastName='Svendson'
Result:
LastName FirstName Address City
Svendson Tove Borgvn 23 Sandnes

Example
Use OR to display each person with the first name equal to "Tove", or the last name equal to "Svendson":

SELECT * FROM Persons

WHERE firstname='Tove'
OR lastname='Svendson'
Result:
LastName FirstName Address City
Svendson Tove Borgvn 23 Sandnes
Svendson Stephen Kaivn 18 Sandnes
Example
You can also combine AND and OR (use parentheses to form complex expressions):

SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE (FirstName='Tove' OR

FirstName='Stephen') AND LastName='Svendson'

Result:

LastName FirstName Address City

Svendson Tove Borgvn 23 Sandnes
Svendson Stephen Kaivn 18 Sandnes

SQL IN
IN
The IN operator may be used if you know the exact value you want to return for at least one of the columns.

SELECT column_name FROM table_name

WHERE column_name IN (value1,value2,..)

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