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Lesson-1-Circle

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11 views19 pages

Lesson-1-Circle

Uploaded by

angelamicahflores
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Conic

Sections

Precalculus / Basic Calculus


Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
What does each conic section
look like?

2
Conic Sections

Conic sections are obtained from the intersection


between a double-napped cone and a plane.

3
Parabola

Parabolas are formed when the plane is parallel to the


generating line of one cone.

4
Ellipse

Ellipses are formed when the plane intersects the one


cone at an angle other than 90°.

5
Hyperbola

Hyperbolas are formed when the plane is parallel to the


axis of revolution or the 𝑦-axis.

6
Circle

Circles are formed when the intersection of the plane is


perpendicular to the axis of revolution.

7
Circle

Precalculus / Basic Calculus


Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
Learning Competency
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to do the following:

 Define a circle.
 Sketch the graph of a circle given an
equation.

9
Definition

Circle – is a set of points in a


plane equidistant from the
fixed point called center.

10
Key Terms

Center (C) -the fixed point of a


circle.

Radius (r) -the distance


between the center point and
any point on the circle.

11
Forms of Equation of a Circle

General Form:
𝐴𝑥 2 + 𝐴𝑦 2 + 𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶𝑦 + 𝐷 = 0

Example: 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 + 8𝑥 + 12𝑦 + 8 = 0

Center-Radius Form:

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑟 2 , 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑟 𝐶 0,0

2 2
𝑥−ℎ + 𝑦−𝑘 = 𝑟 2 , 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑡 ℎ, 𝑘
12
Sketching the Graph of a Circle Given the Center-Radius
Form of its Equation

To sketch the graph of a circle, follow these steps:


1. Determine and plot the center of the circle.
2. Calculate the radius by solving the value of r.
3. Plot the radius points on the coordinate plane. Count
out r units in every direction from the center: left, right,
up, and down.
4. Connect the dots to graph the circle using a smooth,
round curve.

13
Example 1

Sketch the graph of the circle described by the equation


𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 9.
Solution:
 Determine the center of
the circle.
C: (0,0)
 Calculate the radius.
𝑟2 = 9
𝑟 = 3 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

14
Example 2

Sketch the graph of the circle described by the equation


(𝑥 − 1)2 +(𝑦 + 2)2 = 4.
Solution:
 Determine the center of
the circle.
C: (1,-2)
 Calculate the radius.
𝑟2 = 4
𝑟 = 2 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

15
Example 3

Sketch the graph of the circle described by the equation


(𝑥 + 2)2 +𝑦 2 = 6.
Solution:
 Determine the center of
the circle.
C: (-2,0)
 Calculate the radius.
𝑟2 = 6
𝑟 = 2.4 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

16
Example 4

Sketch the graph of the circle described by the equation


x 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 20.
Solution:
Express the equation in standard form.
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 + 4𝑦 = 20
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 + 𝑦 2 + 4𝑦 + 4 = 20 + 1 + 4
𝑥 − 1 2 + 𝑦 + 2 2 = 25
Center is at (1, -2)
𝑟 = 5 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

17
Example 4

Sketch the graph of the circle described by the


equation x 2 +𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 20.

18
Do This!

Sketch the graph of the circle described by each equation.


Label the center and write the radius of the circle. Write
your answer on one whole sheet of graphing paper.

1. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 25
2. 𝑥 2 + (𝑦 − 3)2 = 5
3. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 4𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 8 = 0

19

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