PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD DESIGN

DESIGN FLOW

SOFTWARES
Schematic Design: 1. OrCAD

Layout Design : 1. ALTIUM

2. ALLEGRO

3. PADS PROFESSIONAL

4. CADSTAR
PRINTING
ETCHING 5. EAGLE
DRILLING
ASSEMBLING 6. KI-CAD etc…..

SCHEMATIC DESIGN LAYOUT DESIGN

(ORCAD) (CADSTAR)
COMPONENT
LIBRARY REF. LIBRARY REF.
SYMBOL FOOT PRINT
(Default) (User defined)

RES400
RESISTOR RESISTOR(R)

RES500

VARISTOR
VARISTOR CON2
(LDR)

PRESET
POTENTIO
POT
METER
POT

CAP052

CAP063

CAPACITOR CAPACITOR(C) CAP082

CAP102

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 SCHEMATIC DESIGN LAYOUT DESIGN
(ORCAD) (CADSTAR)
COMPONENT
LIBRARY REF. LIBRARY REF.
SYMBOL FOOT PRINT
(Default) (User defined)

DIODE DIODE DO41

N PN BC547
TRANSISTOR TO92
PN P BC557

1 3
VOLTAGE
GND

VIN VOU T
78XX TO220
REGULATOR
2
8

3 +
COMPARATOR 2 -
1
LM358 DIP8
LM358
4

CON2

2
1 CON2 CON2H

CONNECTOR
CON2B

4
3
2 CON4 CON2H
1

SPEAKER/
SPEAKER BZ12
BUZZER

5
3
4
RELAY 1 RELAY SPDT SPDT
2

LED LED LED4

2
 SCHEMATIC DESIGN(using OrCAD)

OPEN APPLICATION (CAPTURE CIS)

STEP 1 : CREATE SCHEMATIC

 File->new->project->assign name/location->OK
 Place part(tool bar)/search for part->OK
Assign reference & value to the components
 Place wire(for connecting the components)
 save the document/file

STEP 2 : ASSIGN FOOT PRINTS TO THE PARTS

 select entire page/design(ctrl+A)->Right click on mouse->edit properties -

>select parts->assign foot prints

STEP 3 : GENERATE OUTPUTS

select page (from project manager)
 click on DRC->OK (optional)
 click on BOM->OK(optional)
 click on NETLIST->others->select rinf.dll(formatters)->OK

PROJECT1:AUTOMATIC NIGHT LIGHT ( Schematic Design) LIBRARY(REF) FOOTPRINT

D1
U1 VC C
J1-J3: CON2 J1: CON2H
1N 4007 1 3
GN D

VIN VOU T
D2 D1-D5: DIODE J2,J3: CON2B
J1
7805
2 1N 4007
D1-D5: DO41
2

1 C1 C2 C3 C1-C3: CAPACITOR
1000u 0.1u 0.1u
D3
CON2
U1: 78XX C1: CAP102
1N 4007

D4 C2,C3: CAP052
R1-R3: RESISTOR
1N 4007
J2 J3 C4: CAP082
CON2 CON2 LDR: VARISTOR
R1-R3: RES400
1
2

1
2

P1: POT
VC C
3
5 LDR: CON2
4 U2: LM358
D5
1
2 R LY P1: PRESET
R1 LD R
10K 5m m 1N 4007 5V SPD T Q1: BC547
Q1: TO92
8

3 U 2A
+
1
R3 Q1 RLY: RELAY SPDT
2 BC 547 RLY: SPDT
- 1K
LM358
R2
1K
P1
C4 U1:TO220
4

10K 1u

U2:DIP8

3
 LAYOUT DESIGN(using CADSTAR)

OPEN APPLICATION (DESIGN EDITOR)

STEP 1 : CREATE LAYOUT BOARD * units must be in ‘ mm

’
 File->new->PCB design->2 layer->OK
 Change UNITS to ‘mm’ & set GRID to ‘0.5(or)1 mm’( from setting)
 Select BOARD(from default shaper)->Add rectangle,
Draw the board according to the requirement.

STEP 2: IMPORT COMPONENTS from schematic design

 File->file import->select ‘OrCAD PCB Netlist’(format)->Browse for ‘netlist’ file

generated by orcad software

STEP 3: PLACEMENT of components * units must be in ‘thousandths of an inch’

 Change UNITS to ‘thousandths of an inch’ & set GRID to ‘25mil( from setting)
 Select each component & Place them within the boundaries Board.

STEP 4: ROUTING * units must be in ‘thousandths of an inch’

 Goto ‘EMBEDDED MODE ‘(from tool bar/Tools)

 Tools Routing options disable Errors allowed and Enable Pusher
 change width 30 in Typed
 Select manual route(from the tool bar) and set track width
 Route all the connections

STEP 5: GENERATE OUTPUTS

 Exit from ‘EMBEDDED MODE’(Exit Embedded)

 Goto VIEW(from tool bar) & select colour file
(ELECTRIC LAYER, SILK LAYER & SOLDER MASK) for single side Board.

PROJECT1: AUTOMATIC NIGHT LIGHT ( layout design) 75x50 mm

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PROJECT2: REGULATED POWER SUPPLY(0-15)V

SCHEMATIC DESIGN

D5

1N 4007
D1
U1
1N 4007 3 2
VIN VOU T
D2 1 D6
AD J
J1 R1 J2
1N 4007 LM317 240 1N 4007
2 1
1 2
C1 C2 C4
CON2 1000u 0.1u 1u
POT C3 CON2
5K 10u
D3

1N 4007

D4
J3
1N 4007
1
R2
2
3
470
D7
5.1V CON3

LAYOUT DESIGN

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PROJECT3: WATER LEVEL INDICATOR WITH ALARM

SCHEMATIC DESIGN

D1
U1 VC C
1N 4007 1 3

GND
VIN VOU T
D2
J1
7805
2 1N 4007

2
1 C1 C2 C3
1000u 0.1u 0.1u
D3
CON2
1N 4007

D4

1N 4007
VC C

5V
R1 R3 BZ
Q1 R2 Q2 Q3
10K BC 557 10K BC 557 10K BC 557 R7
Q4
J2 BC 547
4 R4 R5 R6 1K
3 R R R
2
1

L1 L2 L3
CON4
LED LED LED

LAYOUT DESIGN

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A schematic diagram is a logical and graphical representation of an electrical circuit

Layout Design shows the arrangement of traces, planes in each layer, components,
and other conductive elements that are responsible for many signal and power
integrity problems that cannot be determined from a schematic.

 A footprint or land pattern is the arrangement of pads (in surface-mount

technology) or through-holes (in through-hole technology) used to physically
attach and electrically connect a component to a printed circuit board.
 A pad is the exposed region of metal on a circuit board that the component
lead is soldered to.
 A PCB Via( vertical interconnect access) is a plated-through hole in a printed
circuit board that is used to route a trace vertically in the board from one
layer to another.
 PCB drilling is the process of creating holes, slots and other cavities in an
electronic circuit board. During the PCB drilling process, a number of
different hole types are drilled
 A PCB trace/track is a thin line of conducting material, usually copper, placed
on a non-conductive or isolated substrate that carries electrical signal.